国家报告文书(2021年)
背景
[iBG]
2010年在第63届世界卫生大会(WHA63.16号决议)上通过的《世界卫生组织国际卫生人员招聘全球行为守则》(“《守则》”)旨在通过经改进的数据、信息和国际合作,加强对国际卫生人员招聘的理解和符合伦理的管理。
《守则》第7条鼓励世卫组织会员国交流关于卫生人员国际招聘和移徙的信息。还委托世卫组织总干事每三年向世界卫生大会作出报告。
2019年3月,世卫组织会员国完成了第三轮国家报告。2019年5月,世卫组织总干事向第七十二届世界卫生大会报告了实施进展情况(A72/23)。第三轮国家报告还为2020年向第七十三届世界卫生大会介绍的由会员国牵头的《守则》相关性和有效性审查(A73/9)提供了信息。
审查突出强调,通过有针对性的支持和保障实施《守则》是确保会员国在突发卫生事件和实现全民健康覆盖方面取得的进展有助于支持而不是损害其它国家的类似成就所必需的。鉴于该报告和WHA73(30)号决定中的考虑因素,世卫组织秘书处还编制了2020年卫生人力支持和保障清单。
国家报告文书是以国家为基础的自我评估工具,目的是进行信息交流和《守则》监测。国家报告文书使世卫组织得以收集和交换有关卫生人员国际招聘和移徙的最新证据和信息。第四轮国家报告的结果将于2022年5月提交第七十五届世界卫生大会。鉴于COVID-19大流行仍在继续,国家报告文书(2021年)已进行了调整,以另外获取与大流行背景下卫生人员招聘和移徙相关的信息。
提交报告的截止日期为2021年8月31日。
如果国家主管部门因限于技术能力而无法填写在线调查问卷,可通过以下链接下载国家报告文书:http://www.who.int/hrh/migration/code/code_nri/en/。请完成国家报告文书并以电子方式或以硬拷贝形式送达以下地址:
Health Workforce Department
Universal Health Coverage and Health Systems
World Health Organization
20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27
Switzerland
hrhinfo@who.int
免责声明:通过国家报告文书收集的数据和信息将视第七十五届世界卫生大会的议事情况通过世卫组织网站予以公布。所收集的定量数据将通过国家卫生人力账户在线平台(http://www.who.int/hrh/statistics/nhwa/en/)进行更新和提供。
《守则》第7条鼓励世卫组织会员国交流关于卫生人员国际招聘和移徙的信息。还委托世卫组织总干事每三年向世界卫生大会作出报告。
2019年3月,世卫组织会员国完成了第三轮国家报告。2019年5月,世卫组织总干事向第七十二届世界卫生大会报告了实施进展情况(A72/23)。第三轮国家报告还为2020年向第七十三届世界卫生大会介绍的由会员国牵头的《守则》相关性和有效性审查(A73/9)提供了信息。
审查突出强调,通过有针对性的支持和保障实施《守则》是确保会员国在突发卫生事件和实现全民健康覆盖方面取得的进展有助于支持而不是损害其它国家的类似成就所必需的。鉴于该报告和WHA73(30)号决定中的考虑因素,世卫组织秘书处还编制了2020年卫生人力支持和保障清单。
国家报告文书是以国家为基础的自我评估工具,目的是进行信息交流和《守则》监测。国家报告文书使世卫组织得以收集和交换有关卫生人员国际招聘和移徙的最新证据和信息。第四轮国家报告的结果将于2022年5月提交第七十五届世界卫生大会。鉴于COVID-19大流行仍在继续,国家报告文书(2021年)已进行了调整,以另外获取与大流行背景下卫生人员招聘和移徙相关的信息。
提交报告的截止日期为2021年8月31日。
如果国家主管部门因限于技术能力而无法填写在线调查问卷,可通过以下链接下载国家报告文书:http://www.who.int/hrh/migration/code/code_nri/en/。请完成国家报告文书并以电子方式或以硬拷贝形式送达以下地址:
Health Workforce Department
Universal Health Coverage and Health Systems
World Health Organization
20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27
Switzerland
hrhinfo@who.int
免责声明:通过国家报告文书收集的数据和信息将视第七十五届世界卫生大会的议事情况通过世卫组织网站予以公布。所收集的定量数据将通过国家卫生人力账户在线平台(http://www.who.int/hrh/statistics/nhwa/en/)进行更新和提供。
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请描述:
免責聲明
[disclaim]
For more information on WHO Data Policy kindly refer to http://www.who.int/publishing/datapolicy/en/

For more information on WHO Data Policy kindly refer to http://www.who.int/publishing/datapolicy/en/
我已閱讀並理解世衛組織關於在突發公共衛生事件之外在會員國使用和共享世衛組織收集的數據的政策
联系方式
[q01b]
联系方式
國家
Zimbabwe
机构全称:
Angelbert
国家指定主管部门名称:
Angelbert Mbengwa
国家指定主管部门头衔:
Acting Executive Director
电话:
263775426258
电子邮件:
mbengwaamm@gmail.com,hrhinfo@who.int
《守则》的实施
[q1]
1. 贵国是否采取了步骤实施《守则》?(
是
[q1x1x]
1.1 已采取行动,跨部门交流和分享卫生人员国际招聘和移徙信息,并在国家和/或国家以下地区相关部委、部门和机构宣传《守则》。
是
[q1x1]
行动 1
The Code and its requirements has been communicated to the Ministry of Health and Child Care, who in turn communicates with other line ministries of Government and sub-national structures.
行动 2
The reporting requirements of the Code have also been communicated to the various professional regulatory councils that are responsible for registering health professionals.
行动 3
[q1x2x]
1.2 已经采取或考虑采取措施,参照《守则》的建议,修改法律或政策。
是
[q1x2]
措施 1
The Health Service Board continuously reviews the existing frameworks to ensure that they fit within the provisions of the Code.
措施 2
It has been noted that Zimbabwean Labour Laws are largely consistent with the provisions of the Code.
措施 3
[q1x3x]
1.3 对主管当局批准在其管辖范围内工作的所有招聘者进行登记。
是
[q1x3]
请描述:
All employing entities and registering authorities are required by law to have a record of all their staff and their places of origin, local or foreign.
[q1x4x]
1.4 如《守则》所要求,鼓励和提倡招聘机构的良好行为。
是
[q1x4]
请描述:
1.4.1 在私营招聘机构中推广《守则》。
The Code has been promoted to the association of private health providers
1.4.2 按照《守则》的原则和条款,要求私营招聘机构的行为符合伦理的国内法律或政策。
The laws on recruitment for both the private sector and the public are closely regulated by such statutes as the Labour Act and the Health Service Regulations, which define the minimum recruitment practices expected.
1.4.3 对私营招聘机构符合伦理的行为进行公共或私人认证。
All recruitment of professionals is bound by the provisions of the Labour laws of the country and also by the regulations that exist with the various professional regulatory authorities.
1.4.4 其它
[q1x5x]
1.5 已采取措施,在决策过程中与利益攸关方协商,并/或推动它们参与卫生人员国际招聘相关活动。
是
[q1x5]
措施 1
Consultative meetings are regularly held with the employing entities and the regulatory councils.
措施 2
The Human Resources Task Force which is a multi-stakeholder body meets to provide oversight on Human Resources for Health matters.
措施 3
[q1x6x]
1.6 其它步骤:
是
[q1x6]
步骤 1
The Health Service Board has constantly sought the guidance of the WHO in completion of the form and how key stakeholders may be engaged.
步骤 2
步骤 3
伙伴关系、技术合作和财政支持
[q2x1]
2.1. 贵国是否向一个或多个世卫组织会员国,尤其是发展中国家,或其他利益攸关方提供了技术或财政援助以支持实施《守则》?
2.1.1 促进实施《守则》的特别支助
2.1.2 支持加强卫生系统
2.1.3 支持卫生人员发展
2.1.4 没有提供支持
2.1.5 其它领域的支持:
[q2x2]
2.2. 贵国是否得到一个或多个世卫组织会员国、世卫组织秘书处或其他利益攸关方的技术或财政援助,支持实施《守则》?
2.2.1 促进实施《守则》的特别支助
2.2.2 支持加强卫生系统
2.2.3 支持卫生人员发展
2.2.4 没有得到支持
2.2.5 其它领域的支持:
[q2x2oth]
2.2.5 其它领域的支持:
支持领域1
Technical guidance on completion of the form and the kind of information that may be required
支持领域2
支持领域3
伙伴关系、技术合作和财政支持
[q3]
3. 贵国政府或地方政府是否已就促进卫生人员的国际招聘和移徙达成双边、多边或区域协议和/或安排?
是
[q3xTitle]
协议名称
標題 | 网络链接 | 上传协议全文 | |
---|---|---|---|
協議一 | Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Cuba and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Zimbabwe | ||
協議二 | Act of the Recognition of Will on International Cooperation in the Area of Health between the Ministry of Public Health of the Repuplic of CUBA and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of ZIMBABWE | ||
協議3 | Protocol between the Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe and the Government of the People's Republic of China concerning sending a Chinese Medical Team to Work in Zimbabwe | ||
協議4 | |||
協議5 |
[q3xUploadx1]
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[q3xUploadx2]
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[q3xUploadx3]
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[q3xUploadx4]
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[q3xTOA]
如贵国无法分享协议全文,请填写右栏
协议类型 | 范围 | |
---|---|---|
Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Cuba and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Zimbabwe (SQ001) | 双边 (A1) | 国家 (A1) |
Act of the Recognition of Will on International Cooperation in the Area of Health between the Ministry of Public Health of the Repuplic of CUBA and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of ZIMBABWE (SQ002) | 双边 (A1) | 国家 (A1) |
Protocol between the Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe and the Government of the People's Republic of China concerning sending a Chinese Medical Team to Work in Zimbabwe (SQ003) | 双边 (A1) | 国家 (A1) |
(SQ004) | ||
(SQ005) |
[q3xMCA]
协议主要内容
(凡适用者皆列入)
教育和培训 | 机构能力建设 | 促进双向移徙 | 留用策略 | 对卫生人员的认可 | 招聘卫生人员 | 卫生保健设施的姊妹关系 | 其它机制(如可能则详述): | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Cuba and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Zimbabwe | 1 | |||||||
Act of the Recognition of Will on International Cooperation in the Area of Health between the Ministry of Public Health of the Repuplic of CUBA and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of ZIMBABWE | 1 | |||||||
Protocol between the Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe and the Government of the People's Republic of China concerning sending a Chinese Medical Team to Work in Zimbabwe | 1 | |||||||
[q3xCHP]
卫生人员种类(凡适用者皆列入)
医生 | 护士 | 助产士 | 牙医 | 药剂师 | 其它(包括必要细节) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Cuba and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Zimbabwe | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Act of the Recognition of Will on International Cooperation in the Area of Health between the Ministry of Public Health of the Repuplic of CUBA and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of ZIMBABWE | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Protocol between the Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe and the Government of the People's Republic of China concerning sending a Chinese Medical Team to Work in Zimbabwe | 1 | 1 | ||||
[q3xVP]
有效期
自: | 至: | |
---|---|---|
Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Cuba and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Zimbabwe (SQ001) | 2014 (2014) | 2022 (A29) |
Act of the Recognition of Will on International Cooperation in the Area of Health between the Ministry of Public Health of the Repuplic of CUBA and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of ZIMBABWE (SQ002) | 2014 (2014) | 2022 (A29) |
Protocol between the Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe and the Government of the People's Republic of China concerning sending a Chinese Medical Team to Work in Zimbabwe (SQ003) | 2015 (2015) | 2021 (A30) |
(SQ004) | ||
(SQ005) |
[q3xCN]
所涉国家
Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Cuba and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe and Cuba
Act of the Recognition of Will on International Cooperation in the Area of Health between the Ministry of Public Health of the Repuplic of CUBA and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of ZIMBABWE
Zimbabwe and Cuba
Protocol between the Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe and the Government of the People's Republic of China concerning sending a Chinese Medical Team to Work in Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe and China
[q3xSYC]
贵国的协议签署方
外交部 | 卫生部 | 教育部 | 贸易部 | 劳工部 | 移民/内政部 | 其它(包括必要细节) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Cuba and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Zimbabwe | 1 | ||||||
Act of the Recognition of Will on International Cooperation in the Area of Health between the Ministry of Public Health of the Repuplic of CUBA and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of ZIMBABWE | 1 | ||||||
Protocol between the Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe and the Government of the People's Republic of China concerning sending a Chinese Medical Team to Work in Zimbabwe | 1 | ||||||
[q3xSPC]
伙伴国的协议签署方
外交部 | 卫生部 | 教育部 | 贸易部 | 劳工部 | 移民/内政部 | 其它(包括必要细节) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Cuba and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Zimbabwe | 1 | ||||||
Act of the Recognition of Will on International Cooperation in the Area of Health between the Ministry of Public Health of the Repuplic of CUBA and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of ZIMBABWE | 1 | ||||||
Protocol between the Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe and the Government of the People's Republic of China concerning sending a Chinese Medical Team to Work in Zimbabwe | 1 | ||||||
[q3xCOP]
该协议是否明确参照《守则》?
Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Cuba and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Zimbabwe
否
Act of the Recognition of Will on International Cooperation in the Area of Health between the Ministry of Public Health of the Repuplic of CUBA and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of ZIMBABWE
否
Protocol between the Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe and the Government of the People's Republic of China concerning sending a Chinese Medical Team to Work in Zimbabwe
否
[q3xPAP]
该协议是否体现了《守则》的原则和行为?
Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Public Health of the Republic of Cuba and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Zimbabwe
是
Act of the Recognition of Will on International Cooperation in the Area of Health between the Ministry of Public Health of the Repuplic of CUBA and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of ZIMBABWE
是
Protocol between the Government of the Republic of Zimbabwe and the Government of the People's Republic of China concerning sending a Chinese Medical Team to Work in Zimbabwe
是
卫生人力发展和卫生系统可持续性
[q4]
4. 贵国是否努力利用本国培训的卫生人员满足其卫生人员需要,并为此采取措施,包括在有最大需要的领域教育、留用和维持符合本国国情的卫生人力?
是
[q4x1x]
4.1 卫生人力教育措施
是
[q4x1]
4.1.1 管理生产
4.1.2 改善教育质量
4.1.3 加强监管
Manage distribution
4.4 其它
[q4x2x]
4.2 确保卫生人力可持续性*的措施
是
[q4x2]
4.2.1 人力计划/预测
4.2.2 增加国内生产和教育机会
4.2.3 增加就业机会
4.2.4 管理卫生人员国际招聘
其它
[q4x3x]
4.3 处理卫生工作者地域分布不均和留用问题的措施*
是
[q4x3]
4.3.1 教育(缺少卫生服务地区的教育机构;缺少卫生服务地区的学生;教育/职业发展规划中的相关专题;其它)
All provinces have training schools and recruitment of trainees is localised
4.3.2 监管(强制性服务协议;附有服务协议的奖学金和教育津贴;扩大从业范围;任务转移;技能组合;其它)
All trainees are required to provide a service afetr state sponsored training and abide by the provisions of their scholarships.
4.3.3 激励措施(财政和非财政)
Members who aquire an additional qualification are recognised through the paymeny of an allowance for additional qualifictaions and also access to opportunities for regrading.
4.3.4 支助(体面、安全的生活和工作条件;职业发展机会;社会承认措施;其它)
Career advancement opportunities are defined for each category including advancement opportunities. The employer constantly reviews conditions of service for all employees.
[q4x4x]
4.4 其它相关措施
是
[q4x4]
请描述:
Members of the Healthservice are also given non-financial incentives to retain them in the sector. These incentives may be perculiar to the sector and also health-specific allowances are paid.
[q5]
5. 5. 贵国是否制定了专门政策和/或法律,用于指导在外国接受培训的卫生人员国际招聘、移徙和融入工作?
是
[q5x1]
5.1 如果回答“是”,请在下框中提供进一步信息。
法律/政策 1
Labour Act
法律/政策2
Human Resources Policy
法律/政策3
[q6x]
6. 认识到其它政府实体的作用,卫生部是否有相关方式(如政策、机制、机构)在卫生人员国际招聘和移徙问题上进行跨部门监测和协调?
是
[q6x1]
6.1 如果回答“是”,请在下框中提供进一步信息。
Ministry of Health together with the Health Service Board liaise with the Ministries responsible for Higer Education and Labour in coordinating international employees.
[q7x]
7. 贵国是否就卫生人员的国际招聘和移徙建立了数据库,或汇编了法律法规,以及适当时与实施情况相关的信息?
否
责任、权利和招聘做法
[q8x]
8. 有哪些法律保障措施和/或其它机制来确保移徙卫生人员与在国内接受培训的卫生人员享有同样权利和负有同样责任?请从下表中勾选所有适用选项:
8.1 利用相关机制对移徙卫生人员进行国际招聘,此类机制有助于他们评估就业岗位上的利益和风险,并及时作出关于就业的知情决定
8.2 移徙卫生人员在与于国内接受培训的卫生人力平等的基础上,依据资历、工作年限和专业责任程度等客观标准获得雇用、提升和报酬
8.3 移徙卫生人员与在国内接受培训的卫生人力在加强专业教育、资历和职业发展方面拥有同等机会
8.4 其它机制,可能时请详述:
[q9x]
9. 请本着自己的意愿,提交任何其它评论或信息,说明贵国已经采取或计划采取哪些法律、行政和其它措施,以确保对在外国接受培训和/或移民卫生人员的公平招聘和就业做法。
Zimbabwe is making concerted efforts to put in place all the frameworks required for the full implmentation of The Code.
[q10x]
10. 关于在贵国境外工作的在国内接受培训/移居国外的卫生人员(移民),请提交任何评论或信息,说明贵国已经采取或计划采取哪些措施来确保对其公平招聘和就业做法,以及遇到哪些困难。
措施1
Fair recruitment and employment practices can only be guaranteed where there is a country to country agreement
措施2
Most of the recruitments by foreign agencies are done through private arrangements and therefore the government does not have access to these private arrangements.
措施3
卫生人员国际招聘和移徙数据
[iq11]
提高数据的可得性和国际可比较性对于理解和处理全球卫生工作者移徙的动态至关重要。
[q11]
11. 贵国是否有任何机制或实体负责保存在外国出生或接受培训的卫生人员的统计资料?
是
[q11x1]
请描述:
Records are kept at Regulatory Councils and also on the Human Resource Information System
[iQ12]
12. 活跃卫生人员储备数据,按培训国和出生国分类
先前与世卫组织分享的数据可在这里查阅。请与贵国的国家卫生人力账户归口单位联系,并更新相关信息。
按照国家卫生人力账户指标1-07和1-08,请提供现有最近一年关于贵国卫生人员总储备的信息(最好是活跃劳动力1),按培训国(在外国接受培训)和出生国(在外国出生)分类。贵国如存在国家卫生人力账户归口单位,请与之联系,以确保报告的如下数据与国家卫生人力账户的报告保持一致。
先前与世卫组织分享的数据可在这里查阅。请与贵国的国家卫生人力账户归口单位联系,并更新相关信息。
按照国家卫生人力账户指标1-07和1-08,请提供现有最近一年关于贵国卫生人员总储备的信息(最好是活跃劳动力1),按培训国(在外国接受培训)和出生国(在外国出生)分类。贵国如存在国家卫生人力账户归口单位,请与之联系,以确保报告的如下数据与国家卫生人力账户的报告保持一致。
[q12x0]
12.1 活跃卫生人员综合储备
此项信息可通过下列三个选项之一提供。请选择您首选的数据输入方式:
此项信息可通过下列三个选项之一提供。请选择您首选的数据输入方式:
选项B:下载填有已有数据的Excel表模板,并 上传更新后的数据
No comment
[q12x1x3]
上传提供此类信息的任何格式的文件(例如pdf、excel、word)
[q13x2]
12.2 对在外国接受培训的卫生人员进行培训的前10个国家
请提供对贵国在外国接受培训的卫生人员进行培训的前10个国家的数据 此项信息可通过下列三个选项之一提供:
请提供对贵国在外国接受培训的卫生人员进行培训的前10个国家的数据 此项信息可通过下列三个选项之一提供:
选项B:下载 填有已有数据的Excel表模板,并 上传更新后的数据
No comment
[q13x2x3]
上传提供此类信息的任何格式的文件(例如pdf、excel、word)
請上傳文件
COVID-19和卫生人员流动
[q13]
13. 是否在国家或国家以下层面采取了与国际卫生人员临时或永久流动有关的COVID-19大流行应对措施?
13.1 与在外国接受培训或在外国出生的卫生人员入境或出境相关的国家或地方法规、政策或程序没有变化
Requirements for foreign trained professionals remained largely the same
13.2 为方便在外国接受培训或在外国出生的卫生人员入境和融入制定的国家和/或地方法规、政策或程序
13.3 为限制外国卫生人员入境制定的国家和/或地方法规、政策或程序
13.4 其它
[q14]
14. 在COVID-19大流行期间,贵国是否有监测卫生人员流入/流出贵国的机制?
流入
流出
没有
[q14x2]
14.2 2019年和2020年,有多少在国内接受培训的卫生人员(因临时或永久移徙)离开(流出)贵国?
医生 | 护士 | 助产士 | 牙医 | 药剂师 | 备注 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
数据来源(如良好信誉信、移民记录、政府间协议等) 请确保这两年的各类人员数据来源保持一致 |
MoH Records | MoH Records | MoH Records | |||
2020年 | 86 | 783 | 32 | For this record, doctors included dentists while nurses included midwives | ||
2019年 | 100 | 545 | 19 | Combined as in the year 2020 |
[q15]
15. 请列出在COVID-19大流行期间与符合伦理的卫生人员国际招聘相关的任何挑战
请描述(如主动招聘重症监护室人员)
请描述(如主动招聘重症监护室人员)
第一项挑战
With the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, recruitment agents from developed countries have been actively recruiting from Zimbabwe most categories of Health workers with the nursing professionals more affectd.
第二项挑战
Perceived low remuneratin locally has been used as an explanation for some of the resignations
第三项挑战
限制、解决办法和补充评论
[q16]
16. 请按照优先顺序,列举贵国对国际移徙进行符合伦理的管理的三个主要限制因素,并提出可能的解决办法:
主要限制因素 | 可能的解决办法/建议 | |
---|---|---|
Creation of ready markets in developed economies | Curtail the active recruitments by Governemnt agencies or their proxies | |
[q17]
17. 贵国是否需要特别支持来加强《守则》的实施?
17.1 支持加强数据和信息
Linkages with NHWA need to be strengthened
17.2 支持政策对话和发展
Policy dialogue with the most common destinations for Zimbabwean Health professionals.
17.3 支持制定双边/多边协议
17.4 其它领域的支持:
Building of technical capavity for data collection and management by the key organisations
[q17x]
其它领域的支持:
支持领域1
Development of the appropriate data collection and management tools
支持领域2
strengthening th electronic data management systems - software systems and hardware
支持领域3
[q18]
18. 请本着自己的意愿,就卫生人员的国际招聘和移徙,提交与《守则》的实施相关的任何其它补充评论或材料。
[q18x1]
请描述或上传
謝謝你
[iThank]
您已到達國家報告工具 - 2021 年的末尾。您可以返回任何問題以更新您的答案或通過單擊“提交”確認您的輸入。