Background
El Código de Prácticas Mundial de la OMS sobre Contratación Internacional de Personal de Salud («el Código»), adoptado en 2010 por la 63.ª Asamblea Mundial de la Salud (resolución WHA63.16), tiene por objeto fortalecer la comprensión y la gestión ética de la contratación internacional de personal de salud a través de la mejora de los datos, la información y la cooperación internacional.
En el artículo 7 del Código se alienta a los Estados Miembros de la OMS a intercambiar información sobre la contratación y migración internacionales de personal de salud. El Director General de la OMS tiene el mandato de presentar informes cada tres años a la Asamblea Mundial de la Salud.
En mayo de 2022 los Estados Miembros de la OMS concluyeron la cuarta ronda de presentación de informes nacionales. Ese mismo mes, el Director General de la OMS informó a la 75.ª Asamblea Mundial de la Salud (A75/14). sobre los progresos logrados en la aplicación del Código. En dicho informe se subrayaba la necesidad de evaluar las repercusiones de la emigración de personal de salud en el contexto de las vulnerabilidades adicionales debidas a la pandemia de COVID-19. A tal efecto, se volvió a convocar al Grupo Consultivo de Expertos Encargado de Examinar la Pertinencia y Eficacia del Código (A73/9). A raíz de las recomendaciones del Grupo Consultivo de Expertos, la Secretaría ha publicado la Lista de la OMS para el Apoyo y la Salvaguardia del Personal de Salud 2023.
El instrumento nacional de presentación de informes (NRI, por sus siglas en inglés) es un instrumento de autoevaluación en el país para el intercambio de información y el seguimiento del Código. El NRI permite a la OMS recopilar e intercambiar los datos e información actualmente disponibles sobre la contratación y migración internacionales de personal de salud. Las constataciones de la quinta ronda de presentación de informes nacionales se presentarán al Consejo Ejecutivo (156.ª reunión) en enero de 2025, en preparación para la 78.ª Asamblea Mundial de la Salud.
El plazo para presentar informes finaliza el 31 de agosto de 2024.
En virtud del artículo 9, el Director General tiene el mandato de presentar informes periódicos a la Asamblea Mundial de la Salud sobre el examen de la eficacia del Código para alcanzar los objetivos enunciados en el mismo, así como propuestas para mejorarlo. En 2024 se convocará un grupo consultivo de expertos para llevar a cabo el tercer examen del Código. El informe del examen se presentará a la 78.ª Asamblea Mundial de la Salud.
Para toda consulta o aclaración sobre la cumplimentación del cuestionario en línea, sírvase ponerse en contacto con nosotros a través del correo electrónico WHOGlobalCode@who.int.
¿Qué es el Código de Prácticas Mundial de la OMS?
Nota de descargo de responsabilidad: Los datos e información recopilados mediante el instrumento nacional de presentación de informes se publicarán en la base de datos del NRI (https://www.who.int/teams/health-workforce/migration/practice/reports-database) al término de la 78.ª Asamblea Mundial de la Salud. Los datos cuantitativos se incluirán en el portal de datos de las Cuentas Nacionales del Personal de Salud (http://www.apps.who.int/nhwaportal/).
Disclaimer

[1] Note: Case-based facility data collection as that in the WHO Global Bum Registry does not require WHO Member State approval.
[2] The world health report 2013: research for universal coverage. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013 (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/85761/2/9789240690837_eng.pdf)
[3] WHO statement on public disclosure of clinical trial results: Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015 (http://www.who.int/ictrp/results/en/, accessed 21 February 2018).
For more information on WHO Data Policy kindly refer to http://www.who.int/publishing/datapolicy/en/
Contact Details
Contemporary issues
Health Personnel Education
Cargue el archivo:
Marque todos los elementos pertinentes de la siguiente lista:
Government Agreements
a. Título del acuerdo | b. Tipo de acuerdo | |
---|---|---|
Acuerdo 1 | Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) on Labour Cooperation between PH and New Zealand | 1 |
Acuerdo 2 | Asean Trade in Services Agreement | 3 |
Acuerdo 3 | Triple Win Project | 1 |
Acuerdo 4 | Philippine-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement | 1 |
Acuerdo 5 | ASEAN Consensus on Protection and Promotion of Migrant Workers | 2 |
Acuerdo 6 | Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on Healthcare Cooperation | 1 |
Acuerdo 7 | Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and Her Majesty the Queen in the Right of the Province of Saskatchewan as represented by the Minister Responsible for Immigration and the Minister of Advanced Education and Employment | 1 |
Acuerdo 8 | Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Philippines and the Department of Labour and Immigration of the Government of Manitoba Canada | 1 |
Acuerdo 9 | "PH-Yukon MOU on the Employment and Protection of Filipinos under the Yukon Nominee Program." | 1 |
Acuerdo 10 | Ph - Taiwan: MOU on Health Issues | 1 |
Acuerdo 11 | ||
Acuerdo 12 | ||
Acuerdo 13 | ||
Acuerdo 14 | ||
Acuerdo 15 |
Government Agreements - 6.1 A
Educación y formación | Cooperación en materia de salud | Promoción de la migración circular | Filantropía o apoyo técnico | Reconocimiento de calificaciones | Contratación de personal de salud | Comercio de servicios | Otros | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) on Labour Cooperation between PH and New Zealand | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Asean Trade in Services Agreement | 1 | |||||||
Triple Win Project | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Philippine-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement | 1 | 1 | ||||||
ASEAN Consensus on Protection and Promotion of Migrant Workers | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on Healthcare Cooperation | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and Her Majesty the Queen in the Right of the Province of Saskatchewan as represented by the Minister Responsible for Immigration and the Minister of Advanced Education and Employment | 1 | |||||||
Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Philippines and the Department of Labour and Immigration of the Government of Manitoba Canada | 1 | |||||||
"PH-Yukon MOU on the Employment and Protection of Filipinos under the Yukon Nominee Program." | 1 | |||||||
Ph - Taiwan: MOU on Health Issues | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Médicos | Personal de enfermería | Personal de partería | Dentistas | Farmacéuticos | Otros ocupaciones | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) on Labour Cooperation between PH and New Zealand | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
Asean Trade in Services Agreement | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Triple Win Project | 1 | |||||
Philippine-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement | 1 | |||||
ASEAN Consensus on Protection and Promotion of Migrant Workers | 1 | |||||
Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on Healthcare Cooperation | 1 | 1 | ||||
Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and Her Majesty the Queen in the Right of the Province of Saskatchewan as represented by the Minister Responsible for Immigration and the Minister of Advanced Education and Employment | 1 | |||||
Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Philippines and the Department of Labour and Immigration of the Government of Manitoba Canada | 1 | |||||
"PH-Yukon MOU on the Employment and Protection of Filipinos under the Yukon Nominee Program." | 1 | |||||
Ph - Taiwan: MOU on Health Issues | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Año inicial | Año final | |
---|---|---|
Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) on Labour Cooperation between PH and New Zealand | 2020 | onwards |
Asean Trade in Services Agreement | 2020 | onwards |
Triple Win Project | 2013 | onwards |
Philippine-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement | 2019 | onwards |
ASEAN Consensus on Protection and Promotion of Migrant Workers | 2017 | onwards |
Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on Healthcare Cooperation | 2021 | onwards |
Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and Her Majesty the Queen in the Right of the Province of Saskatchewan as represented by the Minister Responsible for Immigration and the Minister of Advanced Education and Employment | 2013 | onwards |
Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Philippines and the Department of Labour and Immigration of the Government of Manitoba Canada | 2010 | onwards |
"PH-Yukon MOU on the Employment and Protection of Filipinos under the Yukon Nominee Program." | 2006 | onwards |
Ph - Taiwan: MOU on Health Issues | 2006 | onwards |
Government Agreements - 6.1 B
Año inicial de aplicación: | |
---|---|
Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) on Labour Cooperation between PH and New Zealand | 2009 |
Asean Trade in Services Agreement | 2020 |
Triple Win Project | 2013 |
Philippine-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement | 2019 |
ASEAN Consensus on Protection and Promotion of Migrant Workers | 2017 |
Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on Healthcare Cooperation | 2003 |
Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and Her Majesty the Queen in the Right of the Province of Saskatchewan as represented by the Minister Responsible for Immigration and the Minister of Advanced Education and Employment | 2013 |
Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Philippines and the Department of Labour and Immigration of the Government of Manitoba Canada | 2008 |
"PH-Yukon MOU on the Employment and Protection of Filipinos under the Yukon Nominee Program." | 2022 |
Ph - Taiwan: MOU on Health Issues | 2006 |
Acuerdo: Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) on Labour Cooperation between PH and New Zealand
Número de profesionales | |
---|---|
Médicos | No available data |
Personal de enfermería | No available data |
Personal de partería | No available data |
Dentistas | No available data |
Farmacéuticos | |
Acuerdo: Asean Trade in Services Agreement
Número de profesionales | |
---|---|
Médicos | No available data |
Personal de enfermería | No available data |
Personal de partería | |
Dentistas | No available data |
Farmacéuticos | |
Acuerdo: Triple Win Project
Número de profesionales | |
---|---|
Médicos | |
Personal de enfermería | No available data |
Personal de partería | |
Dentistas | |
Farmacéuticos | |
Acuerdo: Philippine-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement
Número de profesionales | |
---|---|
Médicos | |
Personal de enfermería | No available data |
Personal de partería | |
Dentistas | |
Farmacéuticos | |
Acuerdo: ASEAN Consensus on Protection and Promotion of Migrant Workers
Número de profesionales | |
---|---|
Médicos | |
Personal de enfermería | |
Personal de partería | |
Dentistas | |
Farmacéuticos | |
Not specified | No available data |
Acuerdo: Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on Healthcare Cooperation
Número de profesionales | |
---|---|
Médicos | |
Personal de enfermería | No available data |
Personal de partería | |
Dentistas | |
Farmacéuticos | |
Physiotherapists, radiographers, occupational therapists, bio-medical scientists and other allied health professionals | No available data |
Acuerdo: Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and Her Majesty the Queen in the Right of the Province of Saskatchewan as represented by the Minister Responsible for Immigration and the Minister of Advanced Education and Employment
Número de profesionales | |
---|---|
Médicos | |
Personal de enfermería | |
Personal de partería | |
Dentistas | |
Farmacéuticos | |
Not specified | No available data |
Acuerdo: Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Philippines and the Department of Labour and Immigration of the Government of Manitoba Canada
Número de profesionales | |
---|---|
Médicos | |
Personal de enfermería | |
Personal de partería | |
Dentistas | |
Farmacéuticos | |
Not specified | No available data |
Acuerdo: "PH-Yukon MOU on the Employment and Protection of Filipinos under the Yukon Nominee Program."
Número de profesionales | |
---|---|
Médicos | |
Personal de enfermería | |
Personal de partería | |
Dentistas | |
Farmacéuticos | |
Not specified | No available data |
Acuerdo: Ph - Taiwan: MOU on Health Issues
Número de profesionales | |
---|---|
Médicos | No available data |
Personal de enfermería | No available data |
Personal de partería | No available data |
Dentistas | No available data |
Farmacéuticos | No available data |
Upload document(s) | |
---|---|
Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) on Labour Cooperation between PH and New Zealand | |
Asean Trade in Services Agreement | |
Triple Win Project | |
Philippine-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement | |
ASEAN Consensus on Protection and Promotion of Migrant Workers | |
Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on Healthcare Cooperation | |
Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and Her Majesty the Queen in the Right of the Province of Saskatchewan as represented by the Minister Responsible for Immigration and the Minister of Advanced Education and Employment | |
Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Labour and Employment of the Government of the Philippines and the Department of Labour and Immigration of the Government of Manitoba Canada | |
"PH-Yukon MOU on the Employment and Protection of Filipinos under the Yukon Nominee Program." | |
Ph - Taiwan: MOU on Health Issues | |
Responsibilities, rights and recruitment practices
Sírvase marcar todos los elementos pertinentes de la siguiente lista:
Sírvase marcar todos los elementos pertinentes de la siguiente lista:
International migration
Solicitud directa (individual) de formación, empleo, comercio, inmigración o entrada en el país | Acuerdos entre gobiernos que permiten la movilidad del personal de salud | Contratación facilitada por agencias privadas de contratación o empleadores | Movilidad facilitada por la educación privada/consultorías de inmigración | Otros itinerarios (sírvase especificar) | ¿Qué itinerario es el más utilizado? Sírvase incluir datos cuantitativos, si están disponibles. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Médicos | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | No available data | |
Personal de enfermería | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | No available data | |
Personal de partería | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Dentistas | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | No available data | |
Farmacéuticos | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Otras ocupaciones | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Otras ocupaciones | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Otras ocupaciones | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Otras ocupaciones | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Otras ocupaciones | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Solicitud directa (individual) de formación, empleo, comercio, inmigración o entrada en el país de destino | Acuerdos entre gobiernos que permiten la movilidad del personal de salud | Contratación facilitada por agencias privadas de contratación o empleadores | Movilidad facilitada por la educación privada/consultorías de inmigración | Otros itinerarios (sírvase especificar) | ¿Qué itinerario es el más utilizado? Sírvase incluir datos cuantitativos, si están disponibles. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Médicos | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | No Available data | |
Personal de enfermería | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | No Available data | |
Personal de partería | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Dentistas | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | No Available data | |
Farmacéuticos | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Otras ocupaciones | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Otras ocupaciones | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Otras ocupaciones | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Otras ocupaciones | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Otras ocupaciones | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Recruitment & migration
Mejorar la disponibilidad y comparabilidad internacional de los datos es esencial para comprender y corregir la dinámica mundial de la migración del personal de salud. Sírvase consultar con su punto focal de las CNPS, de haberlo, para asegurarse de que los datos que aporta a continuación son compatibles con la información de las CNPS*.
(Si desea conocer las señas del punto focal de su país para las CNPS, sírvase consultar la versión electrónica del instrumento nacional de presentación de informes o remitir un correo electrónico a la dirección WHOGlobalCode@who.int.)
Inflow and outflow of health personnel
Médicos | Personal de enfermería | Personal de partería | Dentistas | Farmacéuticos | Observaciones | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2021 | 10 | |||||
2022 | 3 | |||||
2023 | 4 | |||||
Fuente de los datos (por ejemplo, organismo de reglamentación, registros de inmigración, permisos de trabajo, etc.) | Regulatory Authority |
Médicos | Personal de enfermería | Personal de partería | Dentistas | Farmacéuticos | Observaciones | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2021 | 112 | 63 | 49 | 3 | 0 | |
2022 | 406 | 197 | 136 | 0 | 0 | |
2023 | No available data | |||||
Fuente de datos (por ejemplo, cartas de buenos antecedentes, registros de emigración, acuerdos entre gobiernos, etc.) | emigration records | emigration records | emigration records | emigration records | emigration records |
Stock of health personnel
En relación con el año más reciente del que se disponga de datos, compatibles con los indicadores 1-07 y 1-08 de las Cuentas Nacionales del Personal de Salud (CNPS), sírvase facilitar información sobre el número total de personal de salud que se encuentra en su país (preferiblemente el personal activo), desglosado por lugar de formación (si se ha formado en el extranjero) y de nacimiento (si ha nacido en el extranjero).
Médicos (generalistas + especialistas) | 100608 | 100564 | 44 | 44 | professional register | 2024 | 2 | ||||
Personal de enfermería | 539536 | 539536 | professional register | 2024 | 2 | ||||||
Personal de partería | 72886 | 72886 | professional register | 2024 | 2 | ||||||
Dentistas | 33118 | 33118 | professional register | 2024 | 2 | ||||||
Farmacéuticos | 61474 | 61474 | professional register | 2024 | 2 |
Esta información puede aportarse mediante una de las dos opciones siguientes:
Médicos | Personal de enfermería | Personal de partería | Dentistas | Farmacéuticos | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total de personal formado en el extranjero | 371 | 258 | 167 | 3 | |
País 1: Mejor país de formación | USA | USA | JPN | USA | |
País 1: Número de personal sanitario extranjero formado | 295 | 236 | 89 | 3 | |
País 2: Mejor país de formación | DEU | AUS | USA | ||
País 2: Número de personal sanitario extranjero formado | 49 | 16 | 55 | ||
País 3: Mejor país de formación | AUS | KOR | OTH | ||
País 3: Número de personal sanitario extranjero formado | 27 | 6 | 23 | ||
País 4: Mejor país de formación | |||||
País 4: Número de personal sanitario extranjero formado | |||||
País 5: Mejor país de formación | |||||
País 5: Número de personal sanitario extranjero formado | |||||
País 6: Mejor país de formación | |||||
País 6: Número de personal sanitario extranjero formado | |||||
País 7: Mejor país de formación | |||||
País 7: Número de personal sanitario extranjero formado | |||||
País 8: Mejor país de formación | |||||
País 8: Número de personal sanitario extranjero formado | |||||
País 9: Mejor país de formación | |||||
País 9: Número de personal sanitario extranjero formado | |||||
País 10: Mejor país de formación | |||||
País 10: Número de personal sanitario extranjero formado | |||||
Fuente (por ejemplo, registro profesional, datos del censo, encuesta nacional, otros) | Professional regulation Commission | Professional regulation Commission | Professional regulation Commission | Professional regulation Commission | |
Año de los datos (Sírvase proporcionar los datos del año más reciente del que se disponga de datos) | 2019 | 2019 | 2019 | 2019 | |
Comentarios | No Available Data |
Technical and financial support
País al que se ha prestado apoyo | Tipo de apoyo (sírvase especificar) | |
---|---|---|
WHO member states | The Philippines' specific support for the implementation of the Code is its participation in the second review of the WHO Expert Advisory Group (EAG) on the Relevance and Effectiveness of the WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel. The recommendation of the EAG is to improve the Code tool using the source country perspective. | |
ASEAN member states | Technical assistance to select ASEAN member states through the ASEAN Mutual Recognition Arrangements | |
País al que se ha prestado apoyo | Tipo de apoyo (sírvase especificar) | |
---|---|---|
WHO member states | Lead the activity on Collaboration for Sustainable and Equitable Global Health Workforce: Managing Migration in Post-pandemic Era | |
WHO member states | Participation in the WHO Technical Expert Group on Bilateral Agreement for Ethical Recruitment of Health Personnel | |
WHO member states | Provided inputs to the State of the World’s Nursing/ Midwifery Reporting | |
País/entidad de apoyo | Tipo de apoyo (sírvase especificar) | |
---|---|---|
World Health Organization | Technical Support: Localization of the National HRH Master Plan Functional Review of and Competency Modeling for Provincial Health Office Capacity building on Global perspective on HRH migration and reintegration and its effect on global equity and countries’ capacity to future-proof their health workforce to support UHC Global Partners Meeting on Nursing and Midwifery Diplomatic initiatives Dialogue on Sustainable and Equitable Global Health Workforce: Managing Migration in Post-pandemic Era | |
Asian Development Bank | Technical Support Implementation Plan of the National HRH Master Plan Evidence Generation to Support the Salary Standardization of the Philippine Human Resources for Health (HRH): A Policy, Costing, and Budget Impact Analysis HRH 2020-2040 Projections and Costing: Capacity Building brown-bag sessions and Projection and Costing Model | |
País/entidad de apoyo: | Tipo de apoyo (sírvase especificar) | |
---|---|---|
World Health Organization | Technical Support Development of Information System under the Primary Care Worker's Certification Program Capacity Building/Development WHO SEARO Peer Review of Draft Global Fund Funding Request Enhanced Gonorrhoea Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme (EGASP) Symposia Regulatory Training Course by the Swiss Agency Therapeutic Products (Swissmedi) 7th Training on Quality Control of Biologicals in the Asia-Pacific Region | |
Asian Development Bank | Technical support Development of Human Resource for Health Complementation Plan for Specialty Centers under the Philippine Health Development Plan Assessment and Development of Standards for Pharmaceutical Management Practices at Primary Care Level and Development of Online Training Modules for the use of the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee and the Primary Health Care Facilities Development of Licensing Standards for Specialty Hospitals Evaluation of the Implementation of Fourmula 1 Plus Botika ng Barangay (F1 Plus BNB) Program Assessment of the Impact of the program and its readiness for integration into Philhealth's Outpatient Drug Benefit (ODB) Program Development of Human Resources for Health (HRH) Staffing Requirements for Primary Care Facilities and Ambulatory Care Facilities for Universal Health Care Capacity Building/Development Core Seminar on Fit-for Purpose Vaccine Technologies: The Amalgamation of Science, Policy and Practice | |
Japan International Cooperation Agency | Capacity Building/Development KCCP: Medical Equipment Management and Maintenance Knowledge Co-Creation Program (Group and Region Focus): Health Policy Development and Implementation toward UHC - An Introduction to Japan’s Achievements and Challenges | |
US Aid for International Development | Capacity Building/Development Prince Mahidol Award Conference 2024 Philippines to India Learning Exchange Trip (Psychosocial Care Cohort and Telemedicine Cohort) Medicines, Technologies, and Pharmaceutical Services (MTaPS) Program Side Event in People that Deliver Global Indaba |
Constraints, Solutions, and Complementary Comments
Principales obstáculos | Posibles soluciones/recomendaciones | |
---|---|---|
Inadequate public funding of health care systems hinders the capacity of the government to promote fair and ethical recruitment and address structural drivers or root causes of health worker migration. | Increase public funding and prioritize strengthening public health care systems to address health inequalities, ensure health workforce sustainability and achieve universal health care for all. | |
Limited awareness of the Code and ethical recruitment practices among migrant health workers, trade unions, and personnel recruiters. | Improve cooperation amongst stakeholders through communication, consultations/dialogues, particularly in the private sector. | |
The voluntary nature of the CODE does not guarantee the actual adherence and implementation of its principles. Efforts are required to ensure that its principles are effectively embraced and put into practice. | Advocate for international resolutions and efforts to ensure that the CODE’s principles are effectively embraced and put into practice. Develop and publicly share monitoring reports of the CODE’s implementation from sending and receiving countries. |
Monitoring and Accountability Monitor Bilateral Labor Agreements (BLAs). Enhance accountability and document benefits and potential drawbacks between source and destination countries. Include Data on Return Migration. Analyze return migration and reintegration, especially for source countries. Monitor Migrant Health Worker Experiences. Conduct case studies to obtain information on decent work, fair treatment, and challenges encountered across the migration cycle. Policy and Legislation Articulate Investments in Health Systems. Document direct and indirect investments in the health workforce and systems in the Code or NRI. Establish Mechanisms for Self-Sufficiency. Create systems to capture measures for achieving self-sufficiency in sustaining health workforces. Promote Flexible Contracts. Allow flexible contracts that enable workers to move between jurisdictions. Legislate Equal Pay. Ensure legislation around equal pay for the recruitment of health workers. Encourage International Policy Flexibility. Advocate for more flexible and responsive international policy instruments. Recognition of Prior Experience. Recognize and integrate the prior experiences of internationally educated nurses. Collaboration, Partnerships, and Social Dialogue Leverage Global Reports and Guidelines. Use global documents and guidelines to manage and develop policies for HRH migration. Increase Collaboration. Engage the private sector and international partners more effectively. Global Skills Partnership. Promote initiatives like the Global Skills Partnership to adapt training and qualifications for international recognition. Facilitate Regional, Circular, and Return Migrations. Support pathways for regional, circular, and return migrations and engage diaspora in a coordinated manner. Advocate for Social Dialogue. Promote increased social dialogue on migration governance, particularly regarding freedom of association and collective bargaining rights for health workers. Training and Development Innovative Training Methods. Explore and document innovative financing and cost-sharing for health worker training. Competency-Based Adaptation Programs. Implement bridging programs for internationally educated nurses to address the global health workforce crisis. Optimize Technology. Utilize online training, telemedicine, and other technological innovations for health worker education and training. Data and Information Sharing Ensure Data Availability and Usability. Improve accessibility and comprehensibility of data for policy and planning. Enhance Transparency. Emphasize the obligation of destination countries to source countries regarding protocols, procedures, and mobility data.
As of 2023, the latest data from the Department of Migrant Workers and Commission of Filipinos Overseas indicates that a notable number of qualified Filipino health professionals, specifically physicians, nurses, and midwives, are relocating from the country either permanently or temporarily for employment purposes. The Code has played a pivotal role in enhancing awareness among healthcare professionals and policymakers concerning the ethical implications associated with international recruitment. Consequently, this has prompted increased advocacy for just and equitable practices, with a particular focus on safeguarding the rights of Filipino healthcare workers. Furthermore, the Code serves as a valuable tool for shaping bilateral agreements and other international legal mechanisms and facilitates international dialogue and collaboration regarding ethical recruitment practices. Ultimately, it contributes to reinforcing healthcare systems, particularly in developing nations. Moreover, the heightened recognition of the Code, particularly among national government agencies, fosters more structured inter-agency partnerships aimed at managing the mobility of the health workforce while addressing both national and international healthcare needs. While the Code reporting allows for contributions from organizations, the process may include mechanisms for individual health personnel to report on their experience as internationally recruited health personnel.
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