国家报告文书(2021年)

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背景

Hide [iBG] 2010年在第63届世界卫生大会(WHA63.16号决议)上通过的《世界卫生组织国际卫生人员招聘全球行为守则》(“《守则》”)旨在通过经改进的数据、信息和国际合作,加强对国际卫生人员招聘的理解和符合伦理的管理。

《守则》第7条鼓励世卫组织会员国交流关于卫生人员国际招聘和移徙的信息。还委托世卫组织总干事每三年向世界卫生大会作出报告。

2019年3月,世卫组织会员国完成了第三轮国家报告。2019年5月,世卫组织总干事向第七十二届世界卫生大会报告了实施进展情况(A72/23)。第三轮国家报告还为2020年向第七十三届世界卫生大会介绍的由会员国牵头的《守则》相关性和有效性审查(A73/9)提供了信息。

审查突出强调,通过有针对性的支持和保障实施《守则》是确保会员国在突发卫生事件和实现全民健康覆盖方面取得的进展有助于支持而不是损害其它国家的类似成就所必需的。鉴于该报告和WHA73(30)号决定中的考虑因素,世卫组织秘书处还编制了2020年卫生人力支持和保障清单

国家报告文书是以国家为基础的自我评估工具,目的是进行信息交流和《守则》监测。国家报告文书使世卫组织得以收集和交换有关卫生人员国际招聘和移徙的最新证据和信息。第四轮国家报告的结果将于2022年5月提交第七十五届世界卫生大会。鉴于COVID-19大流行仍在继续,国家报告文书(2021年)已进行了调整,以另外获取与大流行背景下卫生人员招聘和移徙相关的信息。

提交报告的截止日期为2021年8月31日。

如果国家主管部门因限于技术能力而无法填写在线调查问卷,可通过以下链接下载国家报告文书:http://www.who.int/hrh/migration/code/code_nri/en/。请完成国家报告文书并以电子方式或以硬拷贝形式送达以下地址:

Health Workforce Department
Universal Health Coverage and Health Systems
World Health Organization
20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27
Switzerland
hrhinfo@who.int

免责声明:通过国家报告文书收集的数据和信息将视第七十五届世界卫生大会的议事情况通过世卫组织网站予以公布。所收集的定量数据将通过国家卫生人力账户在线平台(http://www.who.int/hrh/statistics/nhwa/en/)进行更新和提供。
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免責聲明

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 For more information on WHO Data Policy kindly refer to http://www.who.int/publishing/datapolicy/en/
我已閱讀並理解世衛組織關於在突發公共衛生事件之外在會員國使用和共享世衛組織收集的數據的政策
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联系方式

Hide [q01b] 联系方式
國家
Ethiopia
机构全称:
Solomon
国家指定主管部门名称:
Solomon W/Amanuel Birru
国家指定主管部门头衔:
Team Leader for Human Resource Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation within the HRH Directorate
电话:
+251-911489879
电子邮件:
solomon.woldeamanuel@moh.gov.et,hrhinfo@who.int
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《守则》的实施

Hide [q1] 1. 贵国是否采取了步骤实施《守则》?(
Hide [q1x1x] 1.1 已采取行动,跨部门交流和分享卫生人员国际招聘和移徙信息,并在国家和/或国家以下地区相关部委、部门和机构宣传《守则》。
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行动 1
Even though implementation is at early stage, using the existing mechanisms including NHWA technical working group, efforts are being exerted to initiate discussions and information sharing.
行动 2
行动 3
Hide [q1x2x] 1.2 已经采取或考虑采取措施,参照《守则》的建议,修改法律或政策。
Hide [q1x3x] 1.3 对主管当局批准在其管辖范围内工作的所有招聘者进行登记。
Hide [q1x4x] 1.4 如《守则》所要求,鼓励和提倡招聘机构的良好行为。
Hide [q1x5x] 1.5 已采取措施,在决策过程中与利益攸关方协商,并/或推动它们参与卫生人员国际招聘相关活动。
Hide [q1x6x] 1.6 其它步骤:
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步骤 1
An expert has been designated to follow and implement the code. I think this is the first step of starting national reporting on health personnel requirement
步骤 2
步骤 3
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伙伴关系、技术合作和财政支持

Hide [q2x1] 2.1. 贵国是否向一个或多个世卫组织会员国,尤其是发展中国家,或其他利益攸关方提供了技术或财政援助以支持实施《守则》?
2.1.1 促进实施《守则》的特别支助
2.1.2 支持加强卫生系统
2.1.3 支持卫生人员发展
2.1.4 没有提供支持
2.1.5 其它领域的支持:
Hide [q2x2] 2.2. 贵国是否得到一个或多个世卫组织会员国、世卫组织秘书处或其他利益攸关方的技术或财政援助,支持实施《守则》?
2.2.1 促进实施《守则》的特别支助
2.2.2 支持加强卫生系统
2.2.3 支持卫生人员发展
2.2.4 没有得到支持
2.2.5 其它领域的支持:
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伙伴关系、技术合作和财政支持

Hide [q3] 3. 贵国政府或地方政府是否已就促进卫生人员的国际招聘和移徙达成双边、多边或区域协议和/或安排?
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卫生人力发展和卫生系统可持续性

Hide [q4] 4. 贵国是否努力利用本国培训的卫生人员满足其卫生人员需要,并为此采取措施,包括在有最大需要的领域教育、留用和维持符合本国国情的卫生人力?
Hide [q4x1x] 4.1 卫生人力教育措施
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4.1.1 管理生产
4.1.2 改善教育质量
4.1.3 加强监管
The country has developed the second Health Sector Transformation Plan (HSTP II) 2020/21-2024/25 that aspires to achieve UHC through expanding access to services and improving the provision of quality and equitable comprehensive health services at all levels. To achieve this, the plan has prioritized strengthening health workforce as a key priority/transformation agenda and focused on creating a motivated, competent and compassionate (MCC) health workforce, which will be one of the key inputs to provide quality and responsive health service. The plan emphasized to ensuring equitable distribution and availability of an adequate number and skill mix of health workers who are motivated, competent, and compassionate to provide quality health services. Ministry of Health has also developed and started implementing a five-year National Motivated, Competent and Compassionate (MCC) Health Workforce (HWF) Strategy and accompanying Implementation Guideline (2020/21-2024/25) to properly implement HWF initiatives highlighted in HSTP II. The human resource for health development directorate has been structured within the ministry of health with the intention of facilitating the production, recruiting, deployment and fair distribution of competent, motivated and compassionate health workforce to the country to provide quality of health service. To achieve this ministry of health in collaboration with development partners and individual consultant has developed a Ten Years’ HRH Strategy (2016-2025)
4.4 其它
Hide [q4x2x] 4.2 确保卫生人力可持续性*的措施
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4.2.1 人力计划/预测
4.2.2 增加国内生产和教育机会
4.2.3 增加就业机会
4.2.4 管理卫生人员国际招聘
There is a dedicated human resource for health planning, monitoring and evaluation team that has been structured within the human resource for health development directorate in the ministry of health which is responsible for planning/forecasting. There are also pre-service team within the directorate is responsible to working closely with Ministry of Education (MOE) and Health Science Colleges and Universities to enhance the domestic production and education opportunities. Professional licensure requirements, new and renewal, for both domestic as well as foreign health personnel is handled by MOH- Health Professionals’ Competency Assessment and Licensure Directorate (HPCALD) using well defined and visibly posted criteria. Facilitating and increasing employment opportunities for the recently graduated health professions, is one of the major initiatives, being undertaken by the Ministry of Health (MOH). The national HRH Steering Committee is advising and supporting the ministry. Recently, a job opportunity agreement for General Practitioner is signed between stakeholders.
其它
Hide [q4x3x] 4.3 处理卫生工作者地域分布不均和留用问题的措施*
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4.3.1 教育(缺少卫生服务地区的教育机构;缺少卫生服务地区的学生;教育/职业发展规划中的相关专题;其它)
Continuous Professional Development (CPD) within the HRDD has developed CPD Strategy and Implementation Guide and started implementation through active involvement of Health Professional Associations, Accreditor, CPD Service Provider and others. It is also possible to create system for linking CPD with license renewal
4.3.2 监管(强制性服务协议;附有服务协议的奖学金和教育津贴;扩大从业范围;任务转移;技能组合;其它)
There are scope of practices for some of the health professionals. Additional scopes of practices are also being developed for number health professional categories that will be finalized in the near future. There are a task shifting in some of the health professionals like Integrated Emergency Surgical Officers (IESO) who are trained and appointed to mitigate the problems arise due to lack of Gynecologist and Obstetricians.
4.3.3 激励措施(财政和非财政)
The proposal on incentives for the health workforce has been developed and the higher officials of the ministry of health, the ministry of civil service and the ministry of finance are being discussed on it.
4.3.4 支助(体面、安全的生活和工作条件;职业发展机会;社会承认措施;其它)
Hide [q4x4x] 4.4 其它相关措施
Hide [q5] 5. 5. 贵国是否制定了专门政策和/或法律,用于指导在外国接受培训的卫生人员国际招聘、移徙和融入工作?
Hide [q5x1] 5.1 如果回答“是”,请在下框中提供进一步信息。
法律/政策 1
Before the recruitment take place, foreign and foreign-trained health personnel are expected to fulfil procedures including presentation and authentication of required documents at MOH licensure directorate. (HPCALD).
法律/政策2
The recruitment of foreign-trained health personnel is guide by guidelines from MOH, other recruiting institutions, Civil Service, Labour and Social Affairs and other related entities as applicable.
法律/政策3
Hide [q6x] 6. 认识到其它政府实体的作用,卫生部是否有相关方式(如政策、机制、机构)在卫生人员国际招聘和移徙问题上进行跨部门监测和协调?
Hide [q6x1] 6.1 如果回答“是”,请在下框中提供进一步信息。
Through the national intersectoral collaboration mechanisms including National Health workforce Accounts.
Hide [q7x] 7. 贵国是否就卫生人员的国际招聘和移徙建立了数据库,或汇编了法律法规,以及适当时与实施情况相关的信息?
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责任、权利和招聘做法

Hide [q8x] 8. 有哪些法律保障措施和/或其它机制来确保移徙卫生人员与在国内接受培训的卫生人员享有同样权利和负有同样责任?请从下表中勾选所有适用选项:
8.1 利用相关机制对移徙卫生人员进行国际招聘,此类机制有助于他们评估就业岗位上的利益和风险,并及时作出关于就业的知情决定
8.2 移徙卫生人员在与于国内接受培训的卫生人力平等的基础上,依据资历、工作年限和专业责任程度等客观标准获得雇用、提升和报酬
8.3 移徙卫生人员与在国内接受培训的卫生人力在加强专业教育、资历和职业发展方面拥有同等机会
8.4 其它机制,可能时请详述:
Hide [q9x] 9. 请本着自己的意愿,提交任何其它评论或信息,说明贵国已经采取或计划采取哪些法律、行政和其它措施,以确保对在外国接受培训和/或移民卫生人员的公平招聘和就业做法。

Hide [q10x] 10. 关于在贵国境外工作的在国内接受培训/移居国外的卫生人员(移民),请提交任何评论或信息,说明贵国已经采取或计划采取哪些措施来确保对其公平招聘和就业做法,以及遇到哪些困难。
措施1
Diaspora health personnel are encouraged and invited to join the health workforce ensuring their fair recruitment and employment in the country.
措施2
They are actively involved in the national voluntary activities including provision of medical service.
措施3
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卫生人员国际招聘和移徙数据

Hide [iq11] 提高数据的可得性和国际可比较性对于理解和处理全球卫生工作者移徙的动态至关重要。
Hide [q11] 11. 贵国是否有任何机制或实体负责保存在外国出生或接受培训的卫生人员的统计资料?
Hide [iQ12] 12. 活跃卫生人员储备数据,按培训国和出生国分类
先前与世卫组织分享的数据可在这里查阅。请与贵国的国家卫生人力账户归口单位联系,并更新相关信息。

按照国家卫生人力账户指标1-07和1-08,请提供现有最近一年关于贵国卫生人员总储备的信息(最好是活跃劳动力1),按培训国(在外国接受培训)和出生国(在外国出生)分类。贵国如存在国家卫生人力账户归口单位,请与之联系,以确保报告的如下数据与国家卫生人力账户的报告保持一致。
Hide [q12x0] 12.1 活跃卫生人员综合储备
此项信息可通过下列三个选项之一提供。请选择您首选的数据输入方式:
选项A:填写下表
Hide [q12x1x1] 选项A:填写下表
請填寫紅色突出顯示的單元格。
总计 本国培训 外国培训 培训地点 不详 本国出生 外国出生 数据来源* 数据年份 数据是否体现活跃人员储备? 其它评论#
医生 11946 11946 HRH_update 2020 Ministry of Health 2020 1 NA
护士 69824 69824 HRH_update 2020 Ministry of Health 2020 1 NA
助产士 20355 20355 HRH_update 2020 Ministry of Health 2020 1 NA
牙医 228 228 HRH_update 2020 Ministry of Health 2020 1 NA
药剂师 15498 15498 HRH_update 2020 Ministry of Health 2020 1 NA
Hide [q12x1x3] 上传提供此类信息的任何格式的文件(例如pdf、excel、word)
Hide [q13x2] 12.2 对在外国接受培训的卫生人员进行培训的前10个国家
请提供对贵国在外国接受培训的卫生人员进行培训的前10个国家的数据 此项信息可通过下列三个选项之一提供:
Hide [q13x2x3] 上传提供此类信息的任何格式的文件(例如pdf、excel、word)
請上傳文件
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COVID-19和卫生人员流动

Hide [q13] 13. 是否在国家或国家以下层面采取了与国际卫生人员临时或永久流动有关的COVID-19大流行应对措施?
13.1 与在外国接受培训或在外国出生的卫生人员入境或出境相关的国家或地方法规、政策或程序没有变化
13.2 为方便在外国接受培训或在外国出生的卫生人员入境和融入制定的国家和/或地方法规、政策或程序
Regulations and processes are supportive to accommodate better mobility of temporary or permanent mobility of international health personnel.
13.3 为限制外国卫生人员入境制定的国家和/或地方法规、政策或程序
13.4 其它
Hide [q14] 14. 在COVID-19大流行期间,贵国是否有监测卫生人员流入/流出贵国的机制?
流入
流出
没有
Hide [q15] 15. 请列出在COVID-19大流行期间与符合伦理的卫生人员国际招聘相关的任何挑战

请描述(如主动招聘重症监护室人员)
第一项挑战
第二项挑战
第三项挑战
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限制、解决办法和补充评论

Hide [q16] 16. 请按照优先顺序,列举贵国对国际移徙进行符合伦理的管理的三个主要限制因素,并提出可能的解决办法:
主要限制因素 可能的解决办法/建议
Inadequate capacity in the implementation of the Code including applying ethical principles applicable to the international recruitment of health personnel. Capacity building and experience sharing on how to integrate and implement ethical principles in accordance with national and subnational practices.
Lack of technical as well as financial capability to assist the implementation of this Code and support health system strengthening. International organizations, international donor and agencies to provide technical and financial support in facilitating the proper implementation of the Code.
Constraints related to weak intersectoral collaboration mechanisms to promote discussion and advance cooperation on matters related to the ethical international recruitment of health personnel. Capacity building and experience sharing on creating sound collaboration mechanism among sectoral offices and stakeholders.
Hide [q17] 17. 贵国是否需要特别支持来加强《守则》的实施?
17.1 支持加强数据和信息
17.2 支持政策对话和发展
17.3 支持制定双边/多边协议
17.4 其它领域的支持:
Hide [q17x] 其它领域的支持:
支持领域1
Capacity building on NHWA implementation
支持领域2
Capacity building on HRIS
支持领域3
Support for policy dialogue and development
Hide [q18] 18. 请本着自己的意愿,就卫生人员的国际招聘和移徙,提交与《守则》的实施相关的任何其它补充评论或材料。

Hide [q18x1] 请描述或上传
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謝謝你

Hide [iThank] 您已到達國家報告工具 - 2021 年的末尾。您可以返回任何問題以更新您的答案或通過單擊“提交”確認您的輸入。