National Reporting Instrument 2024
Background
[INFOxNRI1]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[BGxINT]
Background
Adopted in 2010 at the 63rd World Health Assembly (WHA Res 63.16), the WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel (“the Code”) seeks to strengthen the understanding and ethical management of international health personnel recruitment through improved data, information, and international cooperation.
Article 7 of the Code encourages WHO Member States to exchange information on the international recruitment and migration of health personnel. The WHO Director General is mandated to report to the World Health Assembly every 3 years.
WHO Member States completed the 4th round of national reporting in May 2022. The WHO Director General reported progress on implementation to the 75th World Health Assembly in May 2022 (A75/14). The report on the fourth round highlighted the need to assess implications of health personnel emigration in the context of additional vulnerabilities brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, the Expert Advisory Group on the relevance and effectiveness of the Code (A 73/9) was reconvened. Following the recommendations of the Expert Advisory Group, the Secretariat has published the WHO health workforce support and safeguards list 2023.
The National Reporting Instrument (NRI) is a country-based, self-assessment tool for information exchange and Code monitoring. The NRI enables WHO to collect and share current evidence and information on the international recruitment and migration of health personnel. The findings from the 5th round of national reporting will be presented to the Executive Board (EB156) in January 2025 in preparation for the 78th World Health Assembly.
The deadline for submitting reports is 31 August 2024.
Article 9 of the Code mandates the WHO Director General to periodically report to the World Health Assembly on the review of the Code’s effectiveness in achieving its stated objectives and suggestions for its improvement. In 2024 a Member-State led expert advisory group will be convened for the third review of the Code’s relevance and effectiveness. The final report of the review will be presented to the 78th World Health Assembly.
For any queries or clarifications on filling in the online questionnaire please contact us at WHOGlobalCode@who.int.
What is the WHO Global Code of Practice?
Disclaimer: The data and information collected through the National Reporting Instrument will be made publicly available via the NRI database (https://www.who.int/teams/health-workforce/migration/practice/reports-database) following the proceedings of the 78th World Health Assembly. The quantitative data will be used to inform the National Health Workforce Accounts data portal (http://www.apps.who.int/nhwaportal/).
Adopted in 2010 at the 63rd World Health Assembly (WHA Res 63.16), the WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel (“the Code”) seeks to strengthen the understanding and ethical management of international health personnel recruitment through improved data, information, and international cooperation.
Article 7 of the Code encourages WHO Member States to exchange information on the international recruitment and migration of health personnel. The WHO Director General is mandated to report to the World Health Assembly every 3 years.
WHO Member States completed the 4th round of national reporting in May 2022. The WHO Director General reported progress on implementation to the 75th World Health Assembly in May 2022 (A75/14). The report on the fourth round highlighted the need to assess implications of health personnel emigration in the context of additional vulnerabilities brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, the Expert Advisory Group on the relevance and effectiveness of the Code (A 73/9) was reconvened. Following the recommendations of the Expert Advisory Group, the Secretariat has published the WHO health workforce support and safeguards list 2023.
The National Reporting Instrument (NRI) is a country-based, self-assessment tool for information exchange and Code monitoring. The NRI enables WHO to collect and share current evidence and information on the international recruitment and migration of health personnel. The findings from the 5th round of national reporting will be presented to the Executive Board (EB156) in January 2025 in preparation for the 78th World Health Assembly.
The deadline for submitting reports is 31 August 2024.
Article 9 of the Code mandates the WHO Director General to periodically report to the World Health Assembly on the review of the Code’s effectiveness in achieving its stated objectives and suggestions for its improvement. In 2024 a Member-State led expert advisory group will be convened for the third review of the Code’s relevance and effectiveness. The final report of the review will be presented to the 78th World Health Assembly.
For any queries or clarifications on filling in the online questionnaire please contact us at WHOGlobalCode@who.int.
What is the WHO Global Code of Practice?
Disclaimer: The data and information collected through the National Reporting Instrument will be made publicly available via the NRI database (https://www.who.int/teams/health-workforce/migration/practice/reports-database) following the proceedings of the 78th World Health Assembly. The quantitative data will be used to inform the National Health Workforce Accounts data portal (http://www.apps.who.int/nhwaportal/).
Disclaimer
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National Reporting instrument 2024
[disclaim]
Disclaimer
[1] Note: Case-based facility data collection as that in the WHO Global Bum Registry does not require WHO Member State approval.
[2] The world health report 2013: research for universal coverage. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013 (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/85761/2/9789240690837_eng.pdf)
[3] WHO statement on public disclosure of clinical trial results: Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015 (http://www.who.int/ictrp/results/en/, accessed 21 February 2018).
For more information on WHO Data Policy kindly refer to http://www.who.int/publishing/datapolicy/en/
[1] Note: Case-based facility data collection as that in the WHO Global Bum Registry does not require WHO Member State approval.
[2] The world health report 2013: research for universal coverage. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013 (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/85761/2/9789240690837_eng.pdf)
[3] WHO statement on public disclosure of clinical trial results: Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015 (http://www.who.int/ictrp/results/en/, accessed 21 February 2018).
For more information on WHO Data Policy kindly refer to http://www.who.int/publishing/datapolicy/en/
I have read and understood the WHO policy on the use and sharing of data collected by WHO in Member States outside the context of public health emergencies
Contact Details
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National Reporting instrument 2024
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Contact Details
Name of Member State:
Spain
Name of designated national authority:
Tania Cedeno Benavides
Title of designated national authority:
Subdirección General de Formación y Ordenación Profesional
Institution of the designated national authority:
Ministerio de Sanidad
Email:
tcedeno@sanidad.gob.es,WHOGlobalCode@who.int,anderseny@who.int
Telephone number :
Contemporary issues
[INFOxNRI4]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[NRIxI]
The questions marked * are mandatory. The system will not allow submission until all mandatory questions are answered.
[INFOx1]
Contemporary issues on health personnel migration and mobility
[Q1x1]
In the past 3 years, has the issue of international recruitment of health personnel been a concern for your country?
No, this is not a problem in my country
[Q1x2]
In the past 3 years, has the issue of international reliance on health personnel (international recruitment of health personnel to meet domestic needs) been a concern for your country?
No, this is not a problem in my country
Health Personnel Education
[INFOxNRI5]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[INFOx2]
Health personnel education, employment and health system sustainability
[Q2]
Is your country taking measures to educate, employ and retain a health and care workforce that is appropriate for the specific conditions of your country, including areas of greatest need?
Yes
[Q2x1]
Please check all items that apply from the list below:
2.1 Measures taken to ensure the sustainability of the health and care workforce
2.2 Measures taken to address the geographical mal-distribution and retention of health and care workers*
2.3 Other relevant measures taken to educate, employ and retain a health and care workforce that is appropriate for the specific conditions of your country
[Q2x1x1]
2.1.1 Measures taken to ensure the sustainability of the health and care workforce
Forecasting future health and care workforce requirements to inform planning
Estudios para la planificación de profesionales sanitarios. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/areas/profesionesSanitarias/profesiones/necesidadEspecialistas/home.htm
Aligning domestic health and care workforce education with health system needs
Las Administraciones Públicas tienen la responsabilidad de asegurar la calidad de las múltiples actividades de formación continuada que se ofertan a los profesionales sanitarios. Y coordinación con las CCAA. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/areas/profesionesSanitarias/formacionContinuada/home.htm
Improving quality of education and health personnel in alignment with service delivery needs
Dentro del PRTR. C19 https://www.sanidad.gob.es/en/areas/profesionesSanitarias/formacionContinuada/docs/Programa_completo_del_curso_formativo.pdf C18 I4 Formación de profesionales sanitarios y recursos para compartir conocimiento.
Creating employment opportunities aligned with population health needs
Managing international recruitment of health personnel
Improving management of health personnel
Dentro del PRTR C18. C18R4 Refuerzo de las capacidades profesionales y reducción de la temporalidad.
Specific provisions on health personnel regulation and recruitment during emergencies
Dentro del PRTR C18I3 Aumento de capacidades de respuesta ante crisis sanitarias. Grupo de trabajo trabajando enconclusiones.
Others
[Q2x2x1]
Check all that apply for Measures taken to address the geographical mal-distribution and retention of health and care workers
2.2.1 Education
2.2.2 Regulation
2.2.3 Incentives
2.2.4 Support
[Q2x2x1x1]
2.2.1.1 Education Measure
Education institutions based in rural/underserved areas
Student intake from rural/underserved areas and communities
Scholarships and subsidies for education
Relevant topics/curricula in education and/or professional development programmes
(Re)orientation of education programmes towards primary health care
Marco Estratégico para la Atención Primaria y Comunitaria. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/areas/calidadAsistencial/estrategias/atencionPrimaria/home.htm
Others
[Q2x2x2x1]
2.2.2.1 Regulation Measure
Scholarships and education subsidies with return of service agreements
Mandatory service agreements with health personnel that are not related to scholarships or education subsidies
Enhanced scope of practice of existing health personnel
Task sharing between different professions
Provisions for pathways to enter new or specialised practice after rural service
Others
[Q2x2x3x1]
2.2.3.1 Incentives Measure
Additional financial reimbursement
Education opportunities
Opportunities for career advancement or professional growth
Professional recognition
Social recognition
Opportunity for pathways to permanent residency and/or citizenship for international health personnel
Others
[Q2x3x1]
2.3.1 Please describe - Other relevant measures taken to educate, employ and retain a health and care workforce that is appropriate for the specific conditions of your country.
La Comisión de Recursos Humanos del SNS ha aprobado en su reunión de 21 de marzo de 2023 un Acuerdo por el que se determinan los criterios mínimos para identificar los puestos de difícil cobertura y los incentivos (económicos y no económicos) para la atracción y retención en dichos puestos. Este acuerdo desarrolla la acción 2.5 del Plan de Acción de Atención Primaria 2022-2023. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/areas/profesionesSanitarias/profesiones/puestosDificilCobertura/home.htm
[Q3x1]
Are there specific policies and/or laws that guide international recruitment, migration and integration of foreign-trained health personnel in your country?
Yes
[Q3x1x1]
Please provide further information in the box below:
Law/policy 1
Reconocimiento de títulos. Comunitarios https://www.sanidad.gob.es/areas/profesionesSanitarias/profesiones/especialistasComunitarios/home.htm
Law/policy 2
El reconocimiento en España de efectos profesionales a los títulos de especialista obtenidos en Estados no miembros de la Unión Europea, se lleva a cabo por el procedimiento regulado en el Real Decreto 459/2010 de 16 abril que desarrolla el artículo 18 de la Ley 44/2003, de Ordenación de las Profesiones Sanitarias.https://www.sanidad.gob.es/areas/profesionesSanitarias/profesiones/especialistasExtracomunitarios/home.htm
Law/policy 3
Estancias formativas de extranjeros Las/os profesionales sanitarios y las/os especialistas en activo en países [1]con los que España haya suscrito convenios de colaboración cultural, podrán solicitar la realización de estancias formativas para extranjeros reguladas en el artículo 30 del Real Decreto 183/2008, de 8 de febrero, por el que se determinan y clasifican las especialidades en Ciencias de la Salud y se desarrollan determinados aspectos del sistema de formación sanitaria especializada. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/areas/profesionesSanitarias/profesiones/estanciasFormativasExtranjeros/home.htm
[Q3x2]
Are there any policies and/or provision for international telehealth services in your country through health personnel based abroad?
No
[Q3x3]
Has your country established a database or compilation of laws and regulations related to international health personnel recruitment and migration and, as appropriate, information related to their implementation?
[Q4]
Recognizing the role of other government entities, does the Ministry of Health have mechanisms (e.g. policies, processes, unit) to monitor and coordinate across sectors on issues related to the international recruitment and migration of health personnel?
Yes
[Q4x1]
Please describe
En La Dirección General de Ordenación Profesional , dentro de la SG de Formación y ordenación profesional, la Unidad de reconocimiento de títulos. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/areas/profesionesSanitarias/profesiones/reconocimientoTitulos.htm
Coordinación con las CCAA, los ministerios de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Ministerio del Interior, Ministerio de Justicia y Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, entre otros.
[Q5]
Please describe the steps taken by your country to implement the following Code recommendations.
Check all items that apply from the list below:
Check all items that apply from the list below:
5.1 Measures have been taken or are being considered to introduce changes to laws or policies on health personnel consistent with the recommendations of the Code.
En la próxima Estrategia Estatal de RRHH
5.2 Actions have been taken to communicate and share information across
sectors on the international recruitment and migration of health personnel, as well as to publicize the Code, among relevant ministries, departments and agencies,
nationally and/or sub-nationally.
sectors on the international recruitment and migration of health personnel, as well as to publicize the Code, among relevant ministries, departments and agencies,
nationally and/or sub-nationally.
5.3 Measures have been taken to consult stakeholders in decision-making
processes and/or involve them in activities related to the international recruitment of health personnel.
processes and/or involve them in activities related to the international recruitment of health personnel.
5.4 Records are maintained on all private recruitment agencies for health
personnel authorized by competent authorities to operate within their jurisdiction.
personnel authorized by competent authorities to operate within their jurisdiction.
REPS https://www.sanidad.gob.es/areas/profesionesSanitarias/registroEstatal/home.htm
5.5 Good practices, as called for by the Code, are encouraged and promoted among private recruitment agencies.
5.5a Promotion of the Code among private recruitment agencies.
5.5b Domestic legislation or policy requiring ethical practice of private recruitment agencies, as consistent with the principles and articles of the Code.
5.5c Public or private certification of ethical practice for private recruitment agencies.
5.5d Others
5.6 None of the above
Government Agreements
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National Reporting instrument 2024
[INFOx3]
Government-to-Government agreements on migration or mobility of health personnel
[Q6]
Has your country or sub-national governments entered into any bilateral, multilateral, or regional agreements and/or arrangements with respect to the international recruitment and/or mobility of health personnel?
Yes
[Q6x1xA]
Please use the table below to describe each of the active bilateral, regional or multilateral agreements or arrangements:
| a. Title of Agreement | b. Type of Agreement | |
|---|---|---|
| Agreement 1 | TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública | 1 |
| Agreement 2 | Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles. | 1 |
| Agreement 3 | Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia | 1 |
| Agreement 4 | ||
| Agreement 5 | ||
| Agreement 6 | ||
| Agreement 7 | ||
| Agreement 8 | ||
| Agreement 9 | ||
| Agreement 10 | ||
| Agreement 11 | ||
| Agreement 12 | ||
| Agreement 13 | ||
| Agreement 14 | ||
| Agreement 15 |
Government Agreements - 6.1 A
[INFOxNRI7]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[Q6x1xAx1]
c. Countries involved
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
PRT
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
ROU
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
FRA
[Q6x1xAx2]
d. Coverage
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
National
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
National
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
Sub-national
[Q6x1xAx2x]
Please enter the names of the subnational units (states, provinces, etc) which are involved in this agreement
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
Cataluña
[Q6x1xAx3]
e. Main focus of agreement (check all that apply)
| Education and training | Health cooperation | Promotion of circular migration | Philanthropy or technical support | Qualification recognition | Recruitment of health personnel | Trade in services | Others | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública | 1 | |||||||
| Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
[Q6x1xAx4]
f. Categories of Health Personnel (check all that apply)
| Doctors | Nurses | Midwives | Dentists | Pharmacists | Other occupations | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública | 1 | |||||
| Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles. | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
[Q6x1xAx4xoth]
Please specify category of health personnel:
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
Profesionales en formación, formación de especialistas.
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
Profesionales sanitarios
[Q6x1xAx5]
g. Validity period
| Start Year | End Year | |
|---|---|---|
| TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública | 2021 | indefinido |
| Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles. | 2023 | no conocido |
| Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia | 2021 | no conocido |
[Q6x1xAx6]
h. Signatory of the agreement from your country
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
Ministry of Health
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
Ministry of Health
[Q6x1xAx6x1]
If Ministry of Health is not a signatory, did the Ministry of Health participate in the development of the agreement?
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Yes
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
[Q6x1xAx7]
i. Signatory of the agreement from the partner country (ies)
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
Ministry of Health
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
Ministry of Health
[Q6x1xAx7x1]
If Ministry of Health is not a signatory, did the Ministry of Health participate in the development of the agreement?
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Don’t Know
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
[Q6x1xAx8]
j. Content of agreement
[Q6x1xAx8x1]
j.i. Does the agreement include elements to benefit the health system of your country and the partner country(ies)?
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Yes, has elements to
benefit the health system of my country and partner country(ies)
benefit the health system of my country and partner country(ies)
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
Yes, has elements to
benefit the health system of my country and partner country(ies)
benefit the health system of my country and partner country(ies)
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
Yes, has elements to
benefit the health system of my country and partner country(ies)
benefit the health system of my country and partner country(ies)
[Q6x1xAx8x1x]
Please explain:
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Cooperación transfronteriza en salud publica
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
cooperación para alcanzar los más altos estándares de atención sanitaria, a través del intercambio de información y buenas prácticas sobre la gestión de los servicios de salud pública; la prevención y la gestión de las enfermedades no transmisibles como la diabetes, las enfermedades cardiovasculares o el cáncer, y de la reducción de los factores de riesgo; también en la prevención y profilaxis en las enfermedades transmisibles. Además, este acuerdo supone un avance en materia de cooperación en investigación, a través de del Instituto de Salud Carlos III y en política farmacéutica y formación de especialistas.
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
establecer un procedimiento que aligerase los trámites necesarios para reconocer las cualificaciones del personal sanitario y facilitase así su libre prestación de servicios, dentro del hospital de Cerdeña, así como de un lado y otro de la frontera entre nuestros dos países. También acordaron seguir intercambiando sobre las especialidades médicas que no coinciden entre ambos países, reforzar la cooperación en materia de ayuda médica de emergencia, así como mejorar el intercambio de información sobre su respectivo marco jurídico relativo al ejercicio de las profesiones del sector sanitario.
[Q6x1xAx8x2]
j.ii. Does the agreement include elements on health worker rights and welfare?
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
No
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
No
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
No
Government Agreements - 6.1 B
[INFOxNRI8]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[Q6x1xB]
Please use the table below to describe the implementation of each of the active bilateral, regional or multilateral agreements or arrangements
[Q6x1xBx1]
Has the agreement been implemented?
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Partially implemented
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
Partially implemented
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
Yes
[Q6x1xBx1x1]
| Start year of implementation: | |
|---|---|
| TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública | 2021 |
| Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles. | 2021 |
| Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia | 2021 |
[Q6x1xBx2a]
How many health personnel have left or entered your country through this agreement since its implementation?
Agreement: TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Agreement: TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
| Number of personnel | |
|---|---|
| Doctors | |
| Nurses | No registrado |
| Midwives | |
| Dentists | |
| Pharmacists | |
[Q6x1xBx2b]
How many health personnel have left or entered your country through this agreement since its implementation?
Agreement: Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
Agreement: Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
| Number of personnel | |
|---|---|
| Doctors | Pendiente de recogida de información |
| Nurses | |
| Midwives | |
| Dentists | |
| Pharmacists | |
| Profesionales en formación, formación de especialistas. | Pendiente de recogida de información |
[Q6x1xBx2c]
How many health personnel have left or entered your country through this agreement since its implementation?
Agreement: Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
Agreement: Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
| Number of personnel | |
|---|---|
| Doctors | Pendiente de recogida de información |
| Nurses | Pendiente de recogida de información |
| Midwives | |
| Dentists | |
| Pharmacists | |
| Profesionales sanitarios | Pendiente de recogida de información |
[Q6x1xBx3]
Please explain if and how has the health system of your country benefitted from the agreement.
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Pendiente de recogida de información
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
Pendiente de recogida de información
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
Pendiente de recogida de información
[Q6x1xBx4]
Please describe if and how the health system of other country(ies) has benefitted from the agreement.
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Pendiente de recogida de información
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
Pendiente de recogida de información
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
Pendiente de recogida de información
[Q6x1xBx6]
Please provide any other relevant information on the agreement (e.g., context, positive elements, gaps and lessons learnt).
TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública
Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles.
Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia
[Q6x1xBx7]
Full text of the agreement and associated documents (implementation plan, progress report, implementation report, evaluation report, etc.)
| Upload document(s) | |
|---|---|
| TRATADO DE AMISTAD Y COOPERACIÓN ENTRE EL REINO DE ESPAÑA Y LA REPÚBLICA PORTUGUESA. ARTÍCULO 13.º Cooperación en materia de salud pública | |
| Memorando de entendimiento en el ámbito de la sanidad entre ambos países. España y Rumanía. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/gabinete/notasPrensa.do?id=5946#:~:text=El%20Memorando%20de%20Entendimiento%20supone%20un%20gran%20avance,la%20prevenci%C3%B3n%20y%20profilaxis%20en%20las%20enfermedades%20transmisibles. | |
| Declaración común sobre el hospital transfronterizo de Puigcerdà (7 de diciembre de 2021). España- Francia | |
[Q6x1xBx7xfile1]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile2]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile3]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile4]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile5]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile6]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile7]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile8]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile9]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile10]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile11]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile12]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile13]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile14]
[Q6x1xBx7xfile15]
Responsibilities, rights and recruitment practices
[INFOxNRI9]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[INFOx4]
Responsibilities, rights and recruitment practices
[Q7]
If your country employs/hosts international health personnel to work in the health and care sectors, which legal safeguards and/or other mechanisms are in place for migrant health personnel and to ensure that enjoy the same legal rights and responsibilities as the domestically trained health workforce?
Please check all items that apply from the list below:
Please check all items that apply from the list below:
Migrant health personnel are recruited using mechanisms that allow them to assess the benefits and risk associated with employment positions and to make timely and informed decisions on the employment.
Migrant health personnel are hired, promoted and remunerated based on objective criteria such as levels of qualification, years of experience and degrees of professional responsibility on the same basis as the domestically trained health workforce.
Migrant health personnel enjoy the same opportunities as the domestically trained health workforce to strengthen their professional education, qualifications and career progression.
Institutional arrangements are in place to ensure safe migration/ mobility and integration of migrant health personnel.
Measures have been taken to promote circular migration of international health personnel
Other measures (including legal and administrative) for fair recruitment and employment practices of foreign-trained and/or immigrant health personnel (please provide details)
No measures in place
Not applicable – does not host/employ foreign health personnel
[Q8]
If health personnel from your country are working abroad in the health and care sectors, please provide information on measures that have been taken or are planned in your country to ensure their fair recruitment and employment; safe migration; return; and diaspora utilization in your country, as well as difficulties encountered.
Please check all items that apply from the list below:
Please check all items that apply from the list below:
Arrangements for fair recruitment
Arrangements for decent employment contracts and working conditions in destination countries
Arrangements for safe mobility
Arrangements for return and reintegration to the health labour market in your country
Arrangements for diaspora engagement to support your country health system
Other
https://www.sanidad.gob.es/areas/profesionesSanitarias/profesiones/RetornoProfesionales/home.htm
No measures in place
Not applicable – health personnel from my country are not working abroad
International migration
[INFOxNRI10]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[INFOx5]
International migration and mobility pathways for health personnel
[Q9x1]
9.1 If your country hosts international health personnel to work in the health and care sector, how do they come to your country? (check all that apply)
| Direct (individual) application for education, employment, trade, immigration or entry in country |
Government to government agreements that allow health personnel mobility |
Private recruitment agencies or employer facilitated recruitment |
Private education/ immigration consultancies facilitated mobility |
Other pathways (please specify) | Which pathway is used the most? Please include quantitative data if available. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Doctors | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Nurses | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Midwives | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Dentists | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Pharmacists | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Other occupations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Other occupations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Other occupations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Other occupations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Other occupations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
[Q9x1oth]
[Q9x2]
9.2 If health personnel from your country work/study abroad, how do they leave your country?
(check all that apply)
| Direct (individual) application for education, employment, trade, immigration, or entry in the destination country |
Government to government agreements that allow health personnel mobility |
Private recruitment agencies or employer facilitated recruitment |
Private education/ immigration consultancies facilitated mobility |
Other pathways (please specify) | Which pathway is used the most? Please include quantitative data if available. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Doctors | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Nurses | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Midwives | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Dentists | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Pharmacists | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Other occupations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Other occupations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Other occupations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Other occupations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Other occupations | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
[Q9x2oth]
Recruitment & migration
[INFOxNRI11]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[INFOx6]
Data on international health personnel recruitment & migration
Improving the availability and international comparability of data is essential to understanding and addressing the global dynamic of health worker migration. Please consult with your NHWA focal point, if available, to ensure that data reported below is consistent with NHWA reporting*.
(The list of NHWA focal points is available here. Please find the focal point(s) for your country from the list and consult with them.)
For countries reporting through the WHO-Euro/EuroStat/OECD Joint data collection process, please liaise with the JDC focal point.
[Q10]
Does your country have any mechanism(s) or entity(ies) to maintain statistical records of foreign-born and foreign-trained health personnel?
Yes
[Q10x1]
Where are the records maintained? (check all that apply)
Employment records or work permits
Ministry of health personnel database
Registry of health personnel authorized to practice
Other
[Q10x1x1]
Please specify:
Se está implementando la herramienta que podrá aportar información. https://www.sanidad.gob.es/areas/profesionesSanitarias/registroEstatal/home.htm
[Q10x2]
Does the record include gender-disaggregated data on the foreign-born and/or foreign-trained health personnel?
Yes
Inflow and outflow of health personnel
[INFOxNRI12]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[INFOx7]
Inflow and outflow of health personnel
[Q11]
Do you have a mechanism to monitor the inflow and outflow of health personnel to/from your country? (check all that apply)
Inflow
Outflow
No
[Q11x3]
If you have any document with information on health worker inflows and outflows for your country, please upload
Stock of health personnel
[INFOxNRI13]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[INFOx8]
Stock of health personnel
[Q12x1]
Consolidated stock on health personnel, disaggregated by place of training and birth
For the latest year available, consistent with the National Health Workforce Accounts (NHWA) Indicators 1-07 and 1-08, please provide information on the total stock of health personnel in your country (preferably the active workforce), disaggregated by the place of training (foreign-trained) and the place of birth (foreign-born).
For the latest year available, consistent with the National Health Workforce Accounts (NHWA) Indicators 1-07 and 1-08, please provide information on the total stock of health personnel in your country (preferably the active workforce), disaggregated by the place of training (foreign-trained) and the place of birth (foreign-born).
[Q12x1a]
Please provide data on the stock of active health personnel in your country by one of the following ways:
Share data in the NHWA platform through NHWA focal point
[Q12x1x1x]
If you have any document with information on stock of active health personnel for your country, their distribution by place of training and place of birth, please upload
Datos profesionales extranjeros
Datos indirectos de profesionales sanitarios extranjeros en España
[Q12x2]
Please provide data on the top 10 countries of training for foreign-trained health personnel in your country.
This information can be provided by one of the following two options:
This information can be provided by one of the following two options:
Share data in the NHWA platform through NHWA focal point
[Q12x2x1x]
If you have any document with information on the distribution of foreign-trained health personnel for your country by their country of training, please upload
Código OMS España
Ver tabla título informado por países
Technical and financial support
[INFOxNRI14]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[INFOx9]
Technical and financial support
[Q13]
Has your country provided technical or financial assistance to any source countries or countries in the WHO health workforce support and safeguards list 2023, or other low- and middle-income countries on health workforce development, health system strengthening, or for implementing other recommendations of the Code (e.g., strengthening data, information and research on health workforce for translation to policies and planning, etc.)
Yes
[Q13x]
Please provide additional information below (check all that apply):
Support for health workforce development (planning, education, employment, retention)
Support for other elements of health system strengthening (service delivery; health information systems; health financing; medical products and technology; and health leadership and governance)
Other areas of support:
[Q13x1]
Please specify support for health workforce development (planning, education, employment, retention)
| Country supported | Type of support (please specify) | |
|---|---|---|
| Mali | https://www.exteriores.gob.es/es/Comunicacion/Noticias/Documents/ESTRATEGIA%20ACCION%20EXTERIOR%20ESP.pdf | |
| Mauritania | https://www.exteriores.gob.es/es/Comunicacion/Noticias/Documents/ESTRATEGIA%20ACCION%20EXTERIOR%20ESP.pdf | |
| Senegal | https://www.exteriores.gob.es/es/Comunicacion/Noticias/Documents/ESTRATEGIA%20ACCION%20EXTERIOR%20ESP.pdf | |
| Guinea-Ecuatorial | https://www.exteriores.gob.es/es/Comunicacion/Noticias/Documents/ESTRATEGIA%20ACCION%20EXTERIOR%20ESP.pdf |
[Q13x2]
Please specify support for other elements of health system strengthening (service delivery; health information systems; health financing; medical products and technology; and health leadership and governance)
| Country supported | Type of support (please specify) | |
|---|---|---|
| Panamá | https://www.aecid.es/w/mas-de-500-personas-atendidas-los-primeras-semanas-del-despliegue-del-equipo-start-en-el-darien-1?redirect=%2Fequipostart | |
| Paraguay | Técnico de formación | |
| Bolivia | Técnico | |
| Costa Rica | Técnico |
[Q14]
Has your country received technical or financial assistance from any WHO Member State or other stakeholders (e.g., development partners, other agencies) for health workforce development, health system strengthening, or for implementing other recommendations of the Code (e.g., strengthening data, information and research on health workforce for translation to policies and planning, etc.)?
No
Constraints, Solutions, and Complementary Comments
[INFOxNRI15]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[INFOx10]
Constraints, Solutions, and Complementary Comments
[Q15]
Please list in priority order, the three main constraints to the ethical management of international migration in your country and propose possible solutions:
| Main constraints | Possible solutions/recommendations | |
|---|---|---|
| Burocracia | Proyectos de Digitalización Internacional | |
| Sesgo de género | Formación y recursos | |
| Liderazgo | Formación y recrusos |
[Q16]
What support do you require to strengthen implementation of the Code?
Support to strengthen data and information on health personnel
Termniar de implementar REPS
Support for policy dialogue and development
Support for the development of bilateral/multi-lateral agreements
Diplomacia ética
Others
No support required
[Q17]
Considering that the Code is a dynamic document that should be updated as required, please provide reflections from your country on the past 14 years since the resolution on the Code.
[Q17x1]
Please comment on if/how the Code has been useful to your country.
En la implementación de Registro de profesionales.
[Q17x2]
Do any articles of the Code need to be updated?
Yes
Incluir sesgo de género en el análisis.
[Q17x3]
Does the process of reporting on Code implementation and the review of the Code relevance and effectiveness need to be updated?
Yes
[Q17x4]
Please comment on the WHO health workforce support and safeguards list (e.g. if your country is included in the list, how has that affected you; if your country is reliant on international health personnel, how has the list affected you; if your country is not in the list, how has it affected you)
Aporte basado en los datos de la OCDE
"Según datos recientes de la OCDE, el número de médicos nacidos en el extranjero en los países de la organización ha aumentado en un 70% desde 2000, y en algunos países pequeños o con sistemas de salud frágiles, la migración internacional de personal sanitario genera pérdidas significativas. Ante este panorama, España puede proponer un enfoque más personalizado que fortalezca la equidad en la distribución del personal sanitario, particularmente en los países más afectados por la fuga de cerebros. A través de mejoras en los acuerdos bilaterales y multilaterales, se pueden desarrollar políticas de contratación ética y transparente, que no solo respeten los derechos de los trabajadores de la salud migrantes, sino que también ayuden a mitigar el impacto negativo en los países de origen, garantizando así que el Código de Prácticas Mundial de la OMS siga siendo una herramienta efectiva para abordar los desafíos actuales y futuros de la migración internacional de personal sanitario."
[Q18]
Submit any other complementary comments or material you may wish to provide regarding the international recruitment and migration of health personnel, as related to implementation of the Code.
Please describe OR Upload (Maximum file size 10 MB)
Please describe OR Upload (Maximum file size 10 MB)
[Q18x1]
Warning
[INFOxNRI16]
National Reporting instrument 2024
[WARN]
You have reached the end of the National Reporting Instrument - 2024. You may go back to any question to update your answers or confirm your entry by clicking ‘Submit’.