SPAR - Bangladesh Submitted(2022) Region South-East Asia Region Country Bangladesh Year 2022 Spar Status Submitted C1: Legislation and financing C1: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.1.1 Legislation, laws, regulations, policy, administrative requirements or other government instruments to implement the IHR ( 60 C.1.2 Financing for the implementation of IHR capacities 60 C2: IHR Coordination And NFP Functions C2: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.2.1 NFP functions under IHR 80 C.2.2 Multi-sectoral IHR coordination mechanisms 80 C3: Zoonotic events and the human-animal interface C3: Average Capacities Score(%) 70 C.3.1 Collaborative effort on activities to address zoonoses 60 C4: Food safety C4: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.4.1 Multisectoral collaboration mechanism for food safety events 100 C5: Laboratory C5: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.5.1 Specimen referral and transport system 80 C.5.2 Implementation of a laboratory biosafety and biosecurity regime 80 C6: Surveillance C6: Average Capacities Score(%) 50 C.6.1 Early warning function : indicator- and event-based surveillance 40 C.6.2 Mechanism for event management (verification, risk assessment analysis, investigation) 60 C7:Human resources C7: Average Capacities Score(%) 73 C.7.1 Human resources to implement IHR (2005) capacities 60 C8: National health emergency framework C8: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.8.1 Planning for emergency preparedness and response mechanism 80 C.8.2 Management of health emergency response operation 80 C.8.3 Emergency resource mobilization 80 C9: Health service provision C9: Average Capacities Score(%) 53 C.9.1 Ease management capacity for IHR relevant hazards 80 C.9.2 Capacity for infection prevention and control (IPC) and chemical and radiation decontamination 20 C.9.3 Access to essential health services 60 C10: Risk communication C10: Average Capacities Score(%) 67 C.10.1 Capacity for emergency risk communications 60 C11: Points of entry (poe) C11: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.11.1 Core capacity requirements at all times for designated airports, ports and ground crossings 60 C.11.2 Effective public health response at points of entry 60 C12: Chemical events C12: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.12.1 Resources for detection and alert 80 C13. Radiation emergencies C13: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.13.1 Capacity and resources 60 IHR Designated PoE Ground crossings 1 Port 1 Airport 1 Read more about SPAR - Bangladesh Submitted(2022) Spar CountryCapacityScore 68
SPAR - Bahrain Submitted(2022) Region Eastern Mediterranean Region Country Bahrain Year 2022 Spar Status Submitted C1: Legislation and financing C1: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.1.1 Legislation, laws, regulations, policy, administrative requirements or other government instruments to implement the IHR ( 100 C.1.2 Financing for the implementation of IHR capacities 100 C2: IHR Coordination And NFP Functions C2: Average Capacities Score(%) 73 C.2.1 NFP functions under IHR 80 C.2.2 Multi-sectoral IHR coordination mechanisms 80 C3: Zoonotic events and the human-animal interface C3: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.3.1 Collaborative effort on activities to address zoonoses 100 C4: Food safety C4: Average Capacities Score(%) 96 C.4.1 Multisectoral collaboration mechanism for food safety events 100 C5: Laboratory C5: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.5.1 Specimen referral and transport system 100 C.5.2 Implementation of a laboratory biosafety and biosecurity regime 100 C6: Surveillance C6: Average Capacities Score(%) 70 C.6.1 Early warning function : indicator- and event-based surveillance 40 C.6.2 Mechanism for event management (verification, risk assessment analysis, investigation) 100 C7:Human resources C7: Average Capacities Score(%) 87 C.7.1 Human resources to implement IHR (2005) capacities 80 C8: National health emergency framework C8: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.8.1 Planning for emergency preparedness and response mechanism 100 C.8.2 Management of health emergency response operation 100 C.8.3 Emergency resource mobilization 100 C9: Health service provision C9: Average Capacities Score(%) 87 C.9.1 Ease management capacity for IHR relevant hazards 80 C.9.2 Capacity for infection prevention and control (IPC) and chemical and radiation decontamination 80 C.9.3 Access to essential health services 100 C10: Risk communication C10: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.10.1 Capacity for emergency risk communications 80 C11: Points of entry (poe) C11: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.11.1 Core capacity requirements at all times for designated airports, ports and ground crossings 100 C.11.2 Effective public health response at points of entry 100 C12: Chemical events C12: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.12.1 Resources for detection and alert 80 C13. Radiation emergencies C13: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.13.1 Capacity and resources 80 IHR Designated PoE Ground crossings 0 Port 1 Airport 1 Read more about SPAR - Bahrain Submitted(2022) Spar CountryCapacityScore 84
SPAR - Bahamas Submitted(2022) Region Region of the Americas Country Bahamas Year 2022 Spar Status Submitted C1: Legislation and financing C1: Average Capacities Score(%) 20 C.1.1 Legislation, laws, regulations, policy, administrative requirements or other government instruments to implement the IHR ( 20 C.1.2 Financing for the implementation of IHR capacities 20 C2: IHR Coordination And NFP Functions C2: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.2.1 NFP functions under IHR 80 C.2.2 Multi-sectoral IHR coordination mechanisms 80 C3: Zoonotic events and the human-animal interface C3: Average Capacities Score(%) 50 C.3.1 Collaborative effort on activities to address zoonoses 60 C4: Food safety C4: Average Capacities Score(%) 84 C.4.1 Multisectoral collaboration mechanism for food safety events 80 C5: Laboratory C5: Average Capacities Score(%) 90 C.5.1 Specimen referral and transport system 80 C.5.2 Implementation of a laboratory biosafety and biosecurity regime 100 C6: Surveillance C6: Average Capacities Score(%) 50 C.6.1 Early warning function : indicator- and event-based surveillance 80 C.6.2 Mechanism for event management (verification, risk assessment analysis, investigation) 20 C7:Human resources C7: Average Capacities Score(%) 73 C.7.1 Human resources to implement IHR (2005) capacities 80 C8: National health emergency framework C8: Average Capacities Score(%) 73 C.8.1 Planning for emergency preparedness and response mechanism 80 C.8.2 Management of health emergency response operation 60 C.8.3 Emergency resource mobilization 80 C9: Health service provision C9: Average Capacities Score(%) 20 C.9.1 Ease management capacity for IHR relevant hazards 20 C.9.2 Capacity for infection prevention and control (IPC) and chemical and radiation decontamination 20 C.9.3 Access to essential health services 20 C10: Risk communication C10: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.10.1 Capacity for emergency risk communications 80 C11: Points of entry (poe) C11: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.11.1 Core capacity requirements at all times for designated airports, ports and ground crossings 80 C.11.2 Effective public health response at points of entry 60 C12: Chemical events C12: Average Capacities Score(%) 20 C.12.1 Resources for detection and alert 20 C13. Radiation emergencies C13: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.13.1 Capacity and resources 80 IHR Designated PoE Ground crossings 0 Port 2 Airport 2 Read more about SPAR - Bahamas Submitted(2022) Spar CountryCapacityScore 56
SPAR - Azerbaijan Submitted(2022) Region European Region Country Azerbaijan Year 2022 Spar Status Submitted C1: Legislation and financing C1: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.1.1 Legislation, laws, regulations, policy, administrative requirements or other government instruments to implement the IHR ( 80 C.1.2 Financing for the implementation of IHR capacities 80 C2: IHR Coordination And NFP Functions C2: Average Capacities Score(%) 73 C.2.1 NFP functions under IHR 40 C.2.2 Multi-sectoral IHR coordination mechanisms 80 C3: Zoonotic events and the human-animal interface C3: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.3.1 Collaborative effort on activities to address zoonoses 100 C4: Food safety C4: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.4.1 Multisectoral collaboration mechanism for food safety events 80 C5: Laboratory C5: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.5.1 Specimen referral and transport system 100 C.5.2 Implementation of a laboratory biosafety and biosecurity regime 100 C6: Surveillance C6: Average Capacities Score(%) 50 C.6.1 Early warning function : indicator- and event-based surveillance 80 C.6.2 Mechanism for event management (verification, risk assessment analysis, investigation) 20 C7:Human resources C7: Average Capacities Score(%) 87 C.7.1 Human resources to implement IHR (2005) capacities 80 C8: National health emergency framework C8: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.8.1 Planning for emergency preparedness and response mechanism 100 C.8.2 Management of health emergency response operation 60 C.8.3 Emergency resource mobilization 80 C9: Health service provision C9: Average Capacities Score(%) 40 C.9.1 Ease management capacity for IHR relevant hazards 40 C.9.2 Capacity for infection prevention and control (IPC) and chemical and radiation decontamination 40 C.9.3 Access to essential health services 40 C10: Risk communication C10: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.10.1 Capacity for emergency risk communications 100 C11: Points of entry (poe) C11: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.11.1 Core capacity requirements at all times for designated airports, ports and ground crossings 80 C.11.2 Effective public health response at points of entry 80 C12: Chemical events C12: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.12.1 Resources for detection and alert 100 C13. Radiation emergencies C13: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.13.1 Capacity and resources 80 IHR Designated PoE Ground crossings 3 Port 1 Airport 1 Read more about SPAR - Azerbaijan Submitted(2022) Spar CountryCapacityScore 81
SPAR - Austria Submitted(2022) Region European Region Country Austria Year 2022 Spar Status Submitted C1: Legislation and financing C1: Average Capacities Score(%) 40 C.1.1 Legislation, laws, regulations, policy, administrative requirements or other government instruments to implement the IHR ( 60 C.1.2 Financing for the implementation of IHR capacities 20 C2: IHR Coordination And NFP Functions C2: Average Capacities Score(%) 67 C.2.1 NFP functions under IHR 80 C.2.2 Multi-sectoral IHR coordination mechanisms 80 C3: Zoonotic events and the human-animal interface C3: Average Capacities Score(%) 40 C.3.1 Collaborative effort on activities to address zoonoses 80 C4: Food safety C4: Average Capacities Score(%) 64 C.4.1 Multisectoral collaboration mechanism for food safety events 80 C5: Laboratory C5: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.5.1 Specimen referral and transport system 100 C.5.2 Implementation of a laboratory biosafety and biosecurity regime 100 C6: Surveillance C6: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.6.1 Early warning function : indicator- and event-based surveillance 60 C.6.2 Mechanism for event management (verification, risk assessment analysis, investigation) 60 C7:Human resources C7: Average Capacities Score(%) 53 C.7.1 Human resources to implement IHR (2005) capacities 20 C8: National health emergency framework C8: Average Capacities Score(%) 73 C.8.1 Planning for emergency preparedness and response mechanism 80 C.8.2 Management of health emergency response operation 100 C.8.3 Emergency resource mobilization 40 C9: Health service provision C9: Average Capacities Score(%) 87 C.9.1 Ease management capacity for IHR relevant hazards 100 C.9.2 Capacity for infection prevention and control (IPC) and chemical and radiation decontamination 80 C.9.3 Access to essential health services 80 C10: Risk communication C10: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.10.1 Capacity for emergency risk communications 60 C11: Points of entry (poe) C11: Average Capacities Score(%) 27 C.11.1 Core capacity requirements at all times for designated airports, ports and ground crossings 80 C.11.2 Effective public health response at points of entry 0 C12: Chemical events C12: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.12.1 Resources for detection and alert 100 C13. Radiation emergencies C13: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.13.1 Capacity and resources 80 IHR Designated PoE Ground crossings 0 Port 0 Airport 0 Read more about SPAR - Austria Submitted(2022) Spar CountryCapacityScore 69
SPAR - Australia Submitted(2022) Region Western Pacific Region Country Australia Year 2022 Spar Status Submitted C1: Legislation and financing C1: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.1.1 Legislation, laws, regulations, policy, administrative requirements or other government instruments to implement the IHR ( 100 C.1.2 Financing for the implementation of IHR capacities 100 C2: IHR Coordination And NFP Functions C2: Average Capacities Score(%) 93 C.2.1 NFP functions under IHR 80 C.2.2 Multi-sectoral IHR coordination mechanisms 100 C3: Zoonotic events and the human-animal interface C3: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.3.1 Collaborative effort on activities to address zoonoses 100 C4: Food safety C4: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.4.1 Multisectoral collaboration mechanism for food safety events 100 C5: Laboratory C5: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.5.1 Specimen referral and transport system 100 C.5.2 Implementation of a laboratory biosafety and biosecurity regime 100 C6: Surveillance C6: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.6.1 Early warning function : indicator- and event-based surveillance 80 C.6.2 Mechanism for event management (verification, risk assessment analysis, investigation) 80 C7:Human resources C7: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.7.1 Human resources to implement IHR (2005) capacities 80 C8: National health emergency framework C8: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.8.1 Planning for emergency preparedness and response mechanism 100 C.8.2 Management of health emergency response operation 100 C.8.3 Emergency resource mobilization 100 C9: Health service provision C9: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.9.1 Ease management capacity for IHR relevant hazards 100 C.9.2 Capacity for infection prevention and control (IPC) and chemical and radiation decontamination 100 C.9.3 Access to essential health services 100 C10: Risk communication C10: Average Capacities Score(%) 87 C.10.1 Capacity for emergency risk communications 80 C11: Points of entry (poe) C11: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.11.1 Core capacity requirements at all times for designated airports, ports and ground crossings 100 C.11.2 Effective public health response at points of entry 100 C12: Chemical events C12: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.12.1 Resources for detection and alert 60 C13. Radiation emergencies C13: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.13.1 Capacity and resources 100 IHR Designated PoE Ground crossings 0 Port 6 Airport 8 Read more about SPAR - Australia Submitted(2022) Spar CountryCapacityScore 89
SPAR - Armenia Submitted(2022) Region European Region Country Armenia Year 2022 Spar Status Submitted C1: Legislation and financing C1: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.1.1 Legislation, laws, regulations, policy, administrative requirements or other government instruments to implement the IHR ( 100 C.1.2 Financing for the implementation of IHR capacities 20 C2: IHR Coordination And NFP Functions C2: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.2.1 NFP functions under IHR 100 C.2.2 Multi-sectoral IHR coordination mechanisms 100 C3: Zoonotic events and the human-animal interface C3: Average Capacities Score(%) 70 C.3.1 Collaborative effort on activities to address zoonoses 60 C4: Food safety C4: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.4.1 Multisectoral collaboration mechanism for food safety events 80 C5: Laboratory C5: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.5.1 Specimen referral and transport system 100 C.5.2 Implementation of a laboratory biosafety and biosecurity regime 100 C6: Surveillance C6: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.6.1 Early warning function : indicator- and event-based surveillance 100 C.6.2 Mechanism for event management (verification, risk assessment analysis, investigation) 60 C7:Human resources C7: Average Capacities Score(%) 73 C.7.1 Human resources to implement IHR (2005) capacities 40 C8: National health emergency framework C8: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.8.1 Planning for emergency preparedness and response mechanism 80 C.8.2 Management of health emergency response operation 80 C.8.3 Emergency resource mobilization 80 C9: Health service provision C9: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.9.1 Ease management capacity for IHR relevant hazards 100 C.9.2 Capacity for infection prevention and control (IPC) and chemical and radiation decontamination 100 C.9.3 Access to essential health services 100 C10: Risk communication C10: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.10.1 Capacity for emergency risk communications 80 C11: Points of entry (poe) C11: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.11.1 Core capacity requirements at all times for designated airports, ports and ground crossings 80 C.11.2 Effective public health response at points of entry 80 C12: Chemical events C12: Average Capacities Score(%) 100 C.12.1 Resources for detection and alert 100 C13. Radiation emergencies C13: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.13.1 Capacity and resources 60 IHR Designated PoE Ground crossings 5 Port 0 Airport 2 Read more about SPAR - Armenia Submitted(2022) Spar CountryCapacityScore 84
SPAR - Argentina Submitted(2022) Region Region of the Americas Country Argentina Year 2022 Spar Status Submitted C1: Legislation and financing C1: Average Capacities Score(%) 70 C.1.1 Legislation, laws, regulations, policy, administrative requirements or other government instruments to implement the IHR ( 80 C.1.2 Financing for the implementation of IHR capacities 60 C2: IHR Coordination And NFP Functions C2: Average Capacities Score(%) 53 C.2.1 NFP functions under IHR 40 C.2.2 Multi-sectoral IHR coordination mechanisms 40 C3: Zoonotic events and the human-animal interface C3: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.3.1 Collaborative effort on activities to address zoonoses 80 C4: Food safety C4: Average Capacities Score(%) 72 C.4.1 Multisectoral collaboration mechanism for food safety events 80 C5: Laboratory C5: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.5.1 Specimen referral and transport system 80 C.5.2 Implementation of a laboratory biosafety and biosecurity regime 80 C6: Surveillance C6: Average Capacities Score(%) 50 C.6.1 Early warning function : indicator- and event-based surveillance 60 C.6.2 Mechanism for event management (verification, risk assessment analysis, investigation) 40 C7:Human resources C7: Average Capacities Score(%) 47 C.7.1 Human resources to implement IHR (2005) capacities 40 C8: National health emergency framework C8: Average Capacities Score(%) 67 C.8.1 Planning for emergency preparedness and response mechanism 80 C.8.2 Management of health emergency response operation 60 C.8.3 Emergency resource mobilization 60 C9: Health service provision C9: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.9.1 Ease management capacity for IHR relevant hazards 60 C.9.2 Capacity for infection prevention and control (IPC) and chemical and radiation decontamination 60 C.9.3 Access to essential health services 60 C10: Risk communication C10: Average Capacities Score(%) 67 C.10.1 Capacity for emergency risk communications 60 C11: Points of entry (poe) C11: Average Capacities Score(%) 73 C.11.1 Core capacity requirements at all times for designated airports, ports and ground crossings 80 C.11.2 Effective public health response at points of entry 80 C12: Chemical events C12: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.12.1 Resources for detection and alert 80 C13. Radiation emergencies C13: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.13.1 Capacity and resources 80 IHR Designated PoE Ground crossings 9 Port 8 Airport 3 Read more about SPAR - Argentina Submitted(2022) Spar CountryCapacityScore 67
SPAR - Antigua And Barbuda Submitted(2022) Region Region of the Americas Country Antigua and Barbuda Year 2022 Spar Status Submitted C1: Legislation and financing C1: Average Capacities Score(%) 30 C.1.1 Legislation, laws, regulations, policy, administrative requirements or other government instruments to implement the IHR ( 40 C.1.2 Financing for the implementation of IHR capacities 20 C2: IHR Coordination And NFP Functions C2: Average Capacities Score(%) 47 C.2.1 NFP functions under IHR 40 C.2.2 Multi-sectoral IHR coordination mechanisms 80 C3: Zoonotic events and the human-animal interface C3: Average Capacities Score(%) 50 C.3.1 Collaborative effort on activities to address zoonoses 40 C4: Food safety C4: Average Capacities Score(%) 68 C.4.1 Multisectoral collaboration mechanism for food safety events 80 C5: Laboratory C5: Average Capacities Score(%) 90 C.5.1 Specimen referral and transport system 100 C.5.2 Implementation of a laboratory biosafety and biosecurity regime 80 C6: Surveillance C6: Average Capacities Score(%) 50 C.6.1 Early warning function : indicator- and event-based surveillance 80 C.6.2 Mechanism for event management (verification, risk assessment analysis, investigation) 20 C7:Human resources C7: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.7.1 Human resources to implement IHR (2005) capacities 20 C8: National health emergency framework C8: Average Capacities Score(%) 67 C.8.1 Planning for emergency preparedness and response mechanism 80 C.8.2 Management of health emergency response operation 80 C.8.3 Emergency resource mobilization 40 C9: Health service provision C9: Average Capacities Score(%) 47 C.9.1 Ease management capacity for IHR relevant hazards 60 C.9.2 Capacity for infection prevention and control (IPC) and chemical and radiation decontamination 20 C.9.3 Access to essential health services 60 C10: Risk communication C10: Average Capacities Score(%) 33 C.10.1 Capacity for emergency risk communications 20 C11: Points of entry (poe) C11: Average Capacities Score(%) 73 C.11.1 Core capacity requirements at all times for designated airports, ports and ground crossings 80 C.11.2 Effective public health response at points of entry 60 C12: Chemical events C12: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.12.1 Resources for detection and alert 60 C13. Radiation emergencies C13: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.13.1 Capacity and resources 80 IHR Designated PoE Ground crossings 0 Port 1 Airport 1 Read more about SPAR - Antigua And Barbuda Submitted(2022) Spar CountryCapacityScore 54
SPAR - Angola Submitted(2022) Region African Region Country Angola Year 2022 Spar Status Submitted C1: Legislation and financing C1: Average Capacities Score(%) 40 C.1.1 Legislation, laws, regulations, policy, administrative requirements or other government instruments to implement the IHR ( 60 C.1.2 Financing for the implementation of IHR capacities 20 C2: IHR Coordination And NFP Functions C2: Average Capacities Score(%) 93 C.2.1 NFP functions under IHR 80 C.2.2 Multi-sectoral IHR coordination mechanisms 100 C3: Zoonotic events and the human-animal interface C3: Average Capacities Score(%) 70 C.3.1 Collaborative effort on activities to address zoonoses 60 C4: Food safety C4: Average Capacities Score(%) 68 C.4.1 Multisectoral collaboration mechanism for food safety events 80 C5: Laboratory C5: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.5.1 Specimen referral and transport system 80 C.5.2 Implementation of a laboratory biosafety and biosecurity regime 80 C6: Surveillance C6: Average Capacities Score(%) 80 C.6.1 Early warning function : indicator- and event-based surveillance 60 C.6.2 Mechanism for event management (verification, risk assessment analysis, investigation) 100 C7:Human resources C7: Average Capacities Score(%) 53 C.7.1 Human resources to implement IHR (2005) capacities 40 C8: National health emergency framework C8: Average Capacities Score(%) 87 C.8.1 Planning for emergency preparedness and response mechanism 100 C.8.2 Management of health emergency response operation 60 C.8.3 Emergency resource mobilization 100 C9: Health service provision C9: Average Capacities Score(%) 40 C.9.1 Ease management capacity for IHR relevant hazards 40 C.9.2 Capacity for infection prevention and control (IPC) and chemical and radiation decontamination 40 C.9.3 Access to essential health services 40 C10: Risk communication C10: Average Capacities Score(%) 73 C.10.1 Capacity for emergency risk communications 80 C11: Points of entry (poe) C11: Average Capacities Score(%) 27 C.11.1 Core capacity requirements at all times for designated airports, ports and ground crossings 20 C.11.2 Effective public health response at points of entry 20 C12: Chemical events C12: Average Capacities Score(%) 60 C.12.1 Resources for detection and alert 60 C13. Radiation emergencies C13: Average Capacities Score(%) 20 C.13.1 Capacity and resources 20 IHR Designated PoE Ground crossings 30 Port 3 Airport 3 Read more about SPAR - Angola Submitted(2022) Spar CountryCapacityScore 58