WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Using the internet to assist smoking prevention and cessation in schools: a randomized, controlled trial	2008	Department of Public Health Sciences, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 3M7. cameron.norman@utoronto.ca	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association Periodical, Abbrev. Health Psychol. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 27 Issue 6 Start Page 799 Other Pages 810 Notes JID: 8211523; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0278-6133; 0278-6133 Accession Number PMID: 19025276 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1037/a0013105 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19025276 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a classroom-based, Web-assisted tobacco intervention addressing smoking prevention and cessation with adolescents. DESIGN: A two-group randomized control trial with 1,402 male and female students in grades 9 through 11 from 14 secondary schools in Toronto, Canada. Participants were randomly assigned to a tailored Web-assisted tobacco intervention or an interactive control condition task conducted during a single classroom session with e-mail follow-up. The cornerstone of the intervention was a five-stage interactive Web site called the Smoking Zine (http://www.smokingzine.org) integrated into a program that included a paper-based journal, a small group form of motivational interviewing, and tailored e-mails. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Resistance to smoking, behavioral intentions to smoke, and cigarette use were assessed at baseline, postintervention, and three- and six-month follow-up. Multilevel logistic growth modeling was used to assess the effect of the intervention on change over time. RESULTS: The integrated Smoking Zine program helped smokers significantly reduce the likelihood of having high intentions to smoke and increased their likelihood of high resistance to continued cigarette use at 6 months. The intervention also significantly reduced the likelihood of heavy cigarette use adoption by nonsmokers during the study period. CONCLUSION: The Smoking Zine intervention provided cessation motivation for smokers most resistant to quitting at baseline and prevented nonsmoking adolescents from becoming heavy smokers at 6 months. By providing an accessible and attractive method of engaging young people in smoking prevention and cessation, this interactive and integrated program provides a novel vehicle for school- and population-level health promotion. Descriptors Adolescent, Female, Humans, Internet/statistics & numerical data, Male, Prevalence, Program Development, School Health Services/statistics & numerical data, Schools, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation/methods/statistics & numerical data Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Norman,C. D., Maley,O., Li,X., Skinner,H. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Tetra-ethyl-ammonium l-malate 1.36-hydrate	2008		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online Pub Date Free Form 10-Dec Volume 65 Issue Pt 1 Start Page o49 Other Pages 50 Notes LR: 20130329; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC2967964; 2008/11/12 [received]; 2008/12/01 [accepted]; 2008/12/10 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1600-5368; 1600-5368 Accession Number PMID: 21581690 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1107/S1600536808040348 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21581690 Abstract The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(8)H(20)N(+).C(4)H(5)O(5) (-).1.36H(2)O, contains two independent ion pairs, with similar conformations, and three water mol-ecules of crystallization, one water mol-ecule haing a site-occupancy factor of 0.721 (5). Intra-molecular O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds, involving the hydr-oxy groups and an O atom of each carboxyl-ate anion, generate five-membered rings involving S(5) ring motifs. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked together by water mol-ecules through four-membered O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO-H inter-actions to form one-dimensional infinite chains along the a axis. Since the mol-ecules are also linked into one-dimensional infinite chains along the b axis, mol-ecular sheets parallel to the (001) plane are created. Overall, the crystal structure is stabilized by two intra-molecular O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds, nine inter-molecular O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO and ten C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Abdul Rahman,M. B., Jumbri,K., Sirat,K., Kia,R., Fun,H. K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20081210 PMCID PMC2967964 Editors
Linking Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) data to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: the case for Indonesia	2008	Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia. doctjand@indosat.net.id	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Preventive medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 47 Suppl 1 Issue Start Page S11 Other Pages 4 Notes JID: 0322116; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2007/08/02 [received]; 2008/04/19 [revised]; 2008/05/05 [accepted]; 2008/05/10 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1096-0260; 0091-7435 Accession Number PMID: 18585772 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.05.003 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18585772 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Indonesia has the fifth highest rate of annual cigarette consumption per person of all countries worldwide. The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) was developed to provide data on youth tobacco use to countries for their development of youth-based tobacco control programs. Data in this report can be used as baseline measures for future evaluation of the tobacco control program implemented by Indonesia's Ministry of Health. METHODS: The 2006 Indonesia GYTS is a school-based survey that included separate samples for Java and Sumatera, representing more than 84% of the population of Indonesia. Each sample used a two-stage cluster sample design that produced representative samples of students in secondary grades 1-3, which are associated with ages 13-15 years. RESULTS: This report shows that more than 1 in 10 students (12.6%) currently smoked cigarettes, with the prevalence among boys (24.5%) significantly higher than among girls (2.3%). Of the students who currently smoked, more than 7 in 10 (75.9%) reported that they desired to stop smoking now. Regarding secondhand smoke exposure, more than 6 in 10 students (64.2%) reported that they were exposed to smoke from other people in their home during the week before the survey. More than 9 in 10 students (92.9%) had seen a lot of advertisements for cigarettes on billboards during the past month and more than 8 in 10 (82.8%) had seen a lot of advertisements for cigarettes in newspapers or in magazines. CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco control in Indonesia will likely not move forward until the government evaluates and strengthens existing laws, considers passing new strong laws, and develops protocols for enforcing all laws. The Indonesian government also should strongly consider accession to the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Descriptors Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior/psychology, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Indonesia/epidemiology, Male, Population Surveillance/methods, Prevalence, Sex Factors, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control/psychology, Smoking Cessation/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control/statistics & numerical data, World Health Organization Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Aditama,T. Y., Pradono,J., Rahman,K., Warren,C. W., Jones,N. R., Asma,S., Lee,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080510 PMCID Editors
Effect of smoking habit on circulating adipokines in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects	2008		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Ann Nutr Metab Periodical, Abbrev. Ann.Nutr.Metab. Pub Date Free Form Volume 52 Issue 4 Start Page 329 Other Pages 34 Notes ID: 18714151 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite the well-known inverse association between smoking and body weight, there have been conflicting reports on the association between smoking and adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin. AIM: To determine and compare whether tobacco smoking (cigarettes or sheesha) affects circulating levels of adiponectin and/or influences leptin and leptin receptor (sOb-R) concentrations and free leptin in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. METHODS AND SUBJECTS: Fasting plasma adiponectin, leptin, sOb-R, glucose, insulin, and lipid profile were determined in 236 subjects grouped as control subjects (n = 53); non-diabetic cigarette smokers (n = 34), non-diabetic sheesha smokers (n = 38), diabetic nonsmokers (n = 75) and diabetic smokers (n = 36). Uni- and multivariate regression analyses were used to determine the associations of these variables with body mass index (BMI) and smoking. RESULTS: When compared to control subjects, smoking cigarettes or sheesha was associated with significantly higher glucose, insulin resistance, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and lower serum leptin, sOb-R and free leptin. The effects of smoking on BMI, leptin and sOb-R were dose-dependent. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that smoking is a significant determinant of BMI; leptin, sOb-R, free leptin index, adiponectin and LDL-C. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that smoking sheesha does not reduce the metabolic effects of smoking. Smoking may modify leptin receptors and modulate leptin synthesis but the weight-lowering effect may not be related to leptin-induced anorectic signals. Descriptors Adipokines/blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood, Smoking/adverse effects, Smoking/blood, Adiponectin/blood, Adult, Blood Glucose/metabolism, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Cholesterol/blood, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Leptin/blood, Lipids/blood, Male, Middle Aged, Receptors, Leptin/blood, Receptors, Leptin/metabolism Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000151487 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Al Mutairi,Sana,S., Mojiminiyi,Olusegun A., Shihab-Eldeen,Aida, Al Sharafi,Ahmad, Abdella,Nabila Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Absence of amphotericin B-tolerant persister cells in biofilms of some Candida species	2008	Division of Infection and Immunity, Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Periodical, Abbrev. Antimicrob.Agents Chemother. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 52 Issue 5 Start Page 1884 Other Pages 1887 Notes LR: 20140904; JID: 0315061; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); OID: NLM: PMC2346666; 2008/02/19 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-6596; 0066-4804 Accession Number PMID: 18285487 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1128/AAC.01473-07 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18285487 Abstract Biofilms and planktonic cells of five Candida species were surveyed for the presence of persister (drug-tolerant) cell populations after exposure to amphotericin B. None of the planktonic cultures (exponential or stationary phase) contained persister cells. However, persisters were found in biofilms of one of two strains of Candida albicans tested and in biofilms of Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis, but not in biofilms of Candida glabrata or Candida tropicalis. These results suggest that persister cells cannot solely account for drug resistance in Candida biofilms. Descriptors Amphotericin B/pharmacology, Antifungal Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects/growth & development, Candida/cytology/drug effects/growth & development, Drug Resistance, Fungal, Species Specificity Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Dhaheri,R. S., Douglas,L. J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080219 PMCID PMC2346666 Editors
Prevalence and Determinants of Waterpipe Tobacco Use among Adolescents in Oman	2008	Department of Non-Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman;	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Sultan Qaboos University medical journal Periodical, Abbrev. Sultan Qaboos Univ.Med.J. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 8 Issue 1 Start Page 37 Other Pages 43 Notes LR: 20130529; JID: 101519915; OID: NLM: PMC3087736; OTO: NOTNLM; 2007/07/24 [received]; 2007/12/15 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Oman ISSN/ISBN 2075-051X; 2075-051X Accession Number PMID: 21654955 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21654955 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and determinants of waterpipe use among school-going adolescents in Oman. METHODS: A cross-sectional, school-based study was conducted in 2003 involving 9 regions of Oman, as part of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey. Participants were requested to complete an anonymous questionnaire containing demographic characteristics, current and previous use of waterpipe tobacco, attitudes towards cigarette smoking, parents' and friends' cigarette smoking habits. Proportions were used to calculate prevalence rates and logistic regression analysis to obtain odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: 1,962 students participated of whom 1,005 (51.2%) were males. Eighty-eight percent were between 13 and 16 years of age. Five hundred and twenty-two (26.6%) reported ever smoking waterpipe tobacco while 189 (9.6%) were current users. Among males, 155 (15.5%) were current users while among females only 24 (2.6%) smoked currently. Study participants were more likely to use waterpipe if they had a parent or friend who smoked cigarettes. Adolescents were, however, less likely to use waterpipe tobacco if they believed that cigarette smoking was harmful to health. Students who were receiving 500 Baisas (US$ 1.3) or more per day pocket money were more likely to use waterpipe tobacco compared to those receiving less (OR 3.3, 95% CI 2.3 to 4.6). In multivariate analysis, the OR for males being a smoker of waterpipe tobacco compared to females was 4.46 (95% CI, 2.38 to 8.35); while the OR for most or all friends smoking cigarettes compared to non-smoking was OR 5.65 (95% CI 2.87 to 11.13). Study participants who perceived smoking as harmful to health were less likely to use waterpipe tobacco compared to those who did not believe smoking was harmful (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.92) and those receiving 500 Baisas or more (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5 to 3.2). CONCLUSION: Waterpipe smoking among Omani adolescents is an emerging public health concern. Efforts to prevent adolescent smoking should be designed with knowledge of associated factors of such behaviour and should include all forms of tobacco. Descriptors Adolescents, Oman, Tobacco, Waterpipe Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Lawati,J. A., Muula,A. S., Hilmi,S. A., Rudatsikira,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC3087736 Editors
Cigarettes and waterpipe smoking among medical students in Syria: a cross-sectional study	2008	Department of Family & Community Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria. qutaybah83@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Tuberc.Lung Dis. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 12 Issue 9 Start Page 1085 Other Pages 1091 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: R01 DA024876/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA024876-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA024876-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9706389; NIHMS69735; OID: NLM: NIHMS69735; OID: NLM: PMC2553239; ppublish Place of Publication France ISSN/ISBN 1027-3719; 1027-3719 Accession Number PMID: 18713509 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18713509 Abstract OBJECTIVES: To investigate tobacco use, beliefs and attitudes among medical students in Syria. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of a random sample of 570 medical students (first and fifth year) registered at the Damascus University Faculty of Medicine in 2006-2007. We used a self-administered questionnaire for demo-graphic information, smoking behaviour (cigarette, waterpipe), family and peer smoking, attitudes and beliefs about smoking and future role in advising patients to quit smoking. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of tobacco use was 10.9% for cigarettes (15.8% men, 3.3% women), 23.5% for waterpipe (30.3% men, 13.4% women) and 7.3% for both (10.1% men, 3.1% women). Both smoking methods were more popular among the fifth year students (15.4% and 27%) compared to their younger counterparts (6.6% and 19.7%). Regular smoking patterns predominated for cigarettes (62%), while occasional use patterns predominated for waterpipes (83%). More than two thirds of students (69%) thought they might not address or would have difficulty addressing smoking in their future patients. CONCLUSION: The level of tobacco use among Syrian medical students is alarming and highlights the rapidly changing patterns of waterpipe use, especially among female students. Medical schools should work harder to tackle this phenomenon and address it more efficiently in their curricula. Descriptors Adult, Confidence Intervals, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Odds Ratio, Prevalence, Sex Factors, Smoking/epidemiology/psychology, Students, Medical/statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, Syria/epidemiology, Universities Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Almerie,M. Q., Matar,H. E., Salam,M., Morad,A., Abdulaal,M., Koudsi,A., Maziak,W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC2553239 Editors
Shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with self-etching primer to intact and pre-conditioned human enamel	2008	Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon. elie.el-amm@usj.edu.lb	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie Periodical, Abbrev. J.Orofac.Orthop. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 69 Issue 5 Start Page 383 Other Pages 392 Notes LR: 20141120; JID: 9713484; 0 (Resin Cements); 0 (Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer); ppublish Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 1434-5293; 1434-5293 Accession Number PMID: 19238890 Language eng; ger SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; D; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19238890 Abstract OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of orthodontic bracket when bonded to pre-conditioned and intact enamel using a self-etching primer within 6 hours and after thermal cycling. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty freshly-extracted human teeth were divided into four groups according to how the buccal surface to be bonded had been pre-conditioned: 1) acid-etched with 37% phosphoric acid, 2) sand-blasted with 50 microns aluminum-oxide, 3) matted with diamond burr, and 4) intact enamel used as control. Orthodontic metal brackets were bonded to the teeth using the same composite resin (Transbond XT) and self-etching primer (Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer). Brackets were debonded within 6 hours or after thermal cycling for 2500 times (5 degrees C--37 degrees C--55 degrees C). Shear bond strength was measured on a testing machine at a crosshead speed of 3 mm/min. The bracket-failure interface was quantified according to the modified adhesive remnant index score (ARI). Data were analyzed using the two-way ANOVA test, Scheffe confidence interval of differences of means, and the chi-square test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: All the pre-conditioned groups showed significantly higher shear bond strength before and after thermal cycling than the control group. There was no significant correlation between thermal cycling and shear bond strength. The ARI scores revealed that the bond failed primarily on the adhesive-enamel interface in all groups before and after thermal cycling, with the exception of the acid-etched group, whose bonds failed mainly on the adhesive-bracket interface after thermal cycling. CONCLUSION: The authors recommend that the enamel be preconditioned before applying the self-etching primer when greater shear bond strength is desired. Descriptors Acid Etching, Dental/methods, Dental Bonding/methods, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Orthodontic Brackets, Resin Cements, Shear Strength Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Amm,E. W., Hardan,L. S., BouSerhal,J. P., Glasl,B., Ludwig,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Utilization of smoking cessation informational, interactive, and online community resources as predictors of abstinence: cohort study	2008	University of Minnesota, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. lcan@umn.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 20-Dec Volume 10 Issue 5 Start Page e55 Other Pages Notes LR: 20140901; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC2630836; 2007/12/14 [received]; 2008/04/22 [accepted]; 2008/04/17 [revised]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 19103587 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.1018 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19103587 Abstract BACKGROUND: The association between greater utilization of Web-assisted tobacco interventions and increased abstinence rates is well recognized. However, there is little information on how utilization of specific website features influences quitting. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between utilization of informational, interactive, and online community resources (eg. bulletin boards) and abstinence rates, with the broader objective to identify potential strategies for improving outcomes for Web-assisted tobacco interventions. METHODS: In Spring 2004, a cohort of 607 quitplan.com users consented to participate in an evaluation of quitplan.com, a Minnesota branded version of QuitNet.com. We developed utilization measures for different site features: general information, interactive diagnostic tools and quit planning tools, online expert counseling, passive (ie, reading of bulletin boards) and active (ie, public posting) online community engagement, and one-to-one messaging with other virtual community members. Using bivariate, multivariate, and path analyses, we examined the relationship between utilization of specific site features and 30-day abstinence at 6 months. RESULTS: The most commonly used resources were the interactive quit planning tools (used by 77% of site users). Other informational resources (ie, quitting guides) were used more commonly (60% of users) than passive (38%) or active (24%) community features. Online community engagement through one-to-one messaging was low (11%) as was use of online counseling (5%). The 30-day abstinence rate among study participants at 6 months was 9.7% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 7.3% - 12.1%). In the logistic regression model, neither the demographic data (eg, age, gender, education level, employment, or insurance status) nor the smoking-related data (eg, cigarettes per day, time to first morning cigarette, baseline readiness to quit) nor use of smoking cessation medications entered the model as significant predictors of abstinence. Individuals who used the interactive quit planning tools once, two to three times, or four or more times had an odds of abstinence of 0.65 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.22 - 1.94), 1.87 (95% CI 0.77 - 4.56), and 2.35 (95% CI 1.0 - 5.58), respectively. The use of one-to-one messages (reference = none vs 1 or more) entered the final model as potential predictor for abstinence, though the significance of this measure was marginal (OR = 1.91, 95% CI 0.92 - 3.97, P = .083). In the path analysis, an apparent association between active online community engagement and abstinence was accounted for in large part by increased use of interactive quitting tools and one-to-one messaging. CONCLUSIONS: Use of interactive quitting tools, and perhaps one-to-one messaging with other members of the online community, was associated with increased abstinence rates among quitplan.com users. Designs that facilitate use of these features should be considered. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Community Health Services/statistics & numerical data, Counseling/methods, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Internet, Male, Middle Aged, Minnesota, Online Systems, Predictive Value of Tests, Self Care/methods/statistics & numerical data, Self-Help Groups, Smoking/psychology, Smoking Cessation/methods/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Software, Therapy, Computer-Assisted/methods/statistics & numerical data, Tobacco Industry/legislation & jurisprudence, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors An,L. C., Schillo,B. A., Saul,J. E., Wendling,A. H., Klatt,C. M., Berg,C. J., Ahulwalia,J. S., Kavanaugh,A. M., Christenson,M., Luxenberg,M. G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20081220 PMCID PMC2630836 Editors
Knowledge, attitude and perception of water pipe smoking (Shisha) among adolescents aged 14-19 years	2008	Department of Community Health Sciences, Ziauddin University, Karachi.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full JPMA.The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Periodical, Abbrev. J.Pak.Med.Assoc. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 58 Issue 6 Start Page 312 Other Pages 317 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 7501162; ppublish Place of Publication Pakistan ISSN/ISBN 0030-9982; 0030-9982 Accession Number PMID: 18988390 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 1419 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18988390 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of educational intervention on knowledge, attitude and practices with regard to water pipe smoking among adolescents (14-19 years old) in Karachi. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of adolescents aged 14-19 years studying at different educational institutions of Karachi, Pakistan was conducted through multistage sampling on a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire. They were divided into high, middle and lower socioeconomic strata on the basis of monthly fee structure. The impact of health messages was assessed two months after education sessions through post-test of only high and middle socioeconomic strata. RESULTS: A total of 646 students were surveyed for the pre test and 250 students for the post test. A significant association was found for water pipe smoking among the socioeconomic class (p < 0.001). Water pipe is more addictive as compared to cigarettes was marked by more students after the sessions (54% vs 68%; p < 0.001). A significant difference was seen for water pipe being more socially acceptable (58% vs 80%; p < 0.001), it is part of our cultural heritage (29% vs 58%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Shisha smoking was more prevalent among the high socio economic group, which might be because of the cost, accessibility and availability. The knowledge of the students regarding water pipe smoking improved after the health awareness sessions. Descriptors Adolescent, Age Factors, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Education, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Pakistan/epidemiology, Prevalence, Risk-Taking, Smoking/epidemiology, Social Perception, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Anjum,Q., Ahmed,F., Ashfaq,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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