WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Vital Signs: Exposure to Electronic Cigarette Advertising Among Middle School and High School Students - United States, 2014	2016		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 8-Jan Volume 64 Issue 52 Start Page 1403 Other Pages 1408 Notes JID: 7802429; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 26741522 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.15585/mmwr.mm6452a3 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26741522 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has increased considerably among U.S. youths since 2011. Tobacco use among youths in any form, including e-cigarettes, is unsafe. Tobacco product advertising can persuade youths to start using tobacco. CDC analyzed data from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey to estimate the prevalence of e-cigarette advertisement exposure among U.S. middle school and high school students. METHODS: The 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a school-based survey of middle school and high school students in grades 6-12, included 22,007 participants. Exposure to e-cigarette advertisements (categorized as "sometimes," "most of the time," or "always") was assessed for four sources: retail stores, Internet, TV and movies, and newspapers and magazines. Weighted exposure estimates were assessed overall and by school type, sex, race/ethnicity, and grade. RESULTS: In 2014, 68.9% of middle and high school students (18.3 million) were exposed to e-cigarette advertisements from at least one source. Among middle school students, exposure was highest for retail stores (52.8%), followed by Internet (35.8%), TV and movies (34.1%), and newspapers and magazines (25.0%). Among high school students, exposure was highest for retail stores (56.3%), followed by Internet (42.9%), TV and movies (38.4%), and newspapers and magazines (34.6%). Among middle school students, 23.4% reported exposure to e-cigarette advertising from one source, 17.4% from two sources, 13.7% from three sources, and 11.9% from four sources. Among high school students, 21.1% reported exposure to e-cigarette advertising from one source, 17.0% from two sources, 14.5% from three sources, and 18.2% from four sources. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE: Approximately seven in 10 U.S. middle and high school students were exposed to e-cigarette advertisements in 2014. Exposure to e-cigarette advertisements might contribute to increased use of e-cigarettes among youths. Multiple approaches are warranted to reduce youth e-cigarette use and exposure to e-cigarette advertisements, including efforts to reduce youth access to settings where tobacco products, such as e-cigarettes, are sold, and regulation of youth-oriented e-cigarette marketing. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Singh,T., Marynak,K., Arrazola,R.A., Cox,S., Rolle,I.V., King,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160108 PMCID Editors
E-cigarette curiosity among U.S. middle and high school students: Findings from the 2014 national youth tobacco survey	2016	US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products, Office of Science, Silver Spring, MD, United States. Electronic address: Katherine.Margolis@fda.hhs.gov.; US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products, Office of Science, Silver	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Preventive medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 89 Issue Start Page 1 Other Pages 6 Notes LR: 20160802; CI: Published by Elsevier Inc.; GR: CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States; GR: FD999999/Intramural FDA HHS/United States; JID: 0322116; HHSPA784042; OID: NLM: HHSPA784042 [Available on 08/01/17]; OID: NLM: PMC4969114 [Available on 08/01/ Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1096-0260; 0091-7435 Accession Number PMID: 27155440 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.05.001 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27155440 Abstract Curiosity is a potential risk factor for electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, which has increased considerably among US youth in recent years. We examined the relationship between curiosity about e-cigarettes and perceived harm, comparative addictiveness, and e-cigarette advertisement exposure. Data came from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a nationally representative survey of U.S. middle and high school students. In 2014, 2.5% of middle school and 9.2% of high school students currently used cigarettes, while 3.9% of middle school and 13.4% of high school students reported current e-cigarette use. Among never e-cigarette users (n=17,286), descriptive statistics assessed curiosity about e-cigarettes by combustible tobacco use, sex, race/ethnicity, and school level. Associations between curiosity and perceived harm (absolute and comparative to cigarettes), comparative addictiveness, and e-cigarette advertising exposure were explored using multivariate models in 2015. Among youth who never used e-cigarettes, 25.8% reported curiosity about e-cigarettes. Higher levels of perceived absolute harm and comparative harm were associated with lower levels of curiosity, while no association was observed between comparative addictiveness and curiosity. Among never combustible tobacco users, the odds of high curiosity were greater among non-Hispanic blacks (odds ratio (OR): 1.39; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.02-1.88), Hispanics (OR=1.79; 95% CI:1.48-2.16), and non-Hispanic 'Other' (OR=1.47; 95% CI:1.15-1.89) race/ethnicities than non-Hispanic whites. One-quarter of middle and high school students who have never used e-cigarettes are curious about the products, with greater curiosity among those with lower perceptions of harm from these products. These findings may help inform future strategies aimed at reducing curiosity about e-cigarettes among youth. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Margolis,K.A., Nguyen,A.B., Slavit,W.I., King,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160504 PMCID PMC4969114 Editors
Cigarette smoke induced autophagy-impairment accelerates lung aging, COPD-emphysema exacerbations and pathogenesis	2016	Central Michigan University, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine nvij1@jhmi.edu.; Central Michigan University.; Central Michigan University.; Central Michigan University.; Central Michigan University.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American journal of physiology.Cell physiology Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Physiol.Cell.Physiol. Pub Date Free Form 13-Jul Volume Issue Start Page ajpcell.00110.2016 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160714; CI: Copyright (c) 2016; JID: 100901225; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/06/29 [accepted]; 2016/04/22 [received]; aheadofprint; SO: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2016 Jul 13:ajpcell.00110.2016. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00110.2016. Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1522-1563; 0363-6143 Accession Number PMID: 27413169 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1152/ajpcell.00110.2016 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27413169 Abstract RATIONALE: Cigarette-smoke (CS) exposure and aging are the leading causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-emphysema development, although the molecular mechanism that mediates disease pathogenesis remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of CS-exposure and aging on autophagy, and pathophysiological changes associated with lung aging (senescence) and emphysema progression. METHODS: Beas2b cells, C57BL/6 mice and human (GOLD 0-IV) lung tissues were used to determine the central mechanism involved in CS/age-related COPD-emphysema pathogenesis. RESULTS: Beas2b cells and murine lungs exposed to CSE/CS showed a significant (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology Data Source Authors Vij,N., Chandramani,P., Westphal,C.V., Hole,R., Bodas,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160713 PMCID Editors
Medical and inpatient care in childhood and adolescence : Representative results of the federal state module Thuringia in KiGGS wave 1	2016	Robert Koch-Institut, Abteilung fur Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, General-Pape-Str. 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Deutschland. krausel@rki.de.; Referat "Medizinische Grundsatzfragen, Heilberufe, Pharmaziewesen", Thuringer Ministerium fur Arbeit, Sozial	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Periodical, Abbrev. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 59 Issue 8 Start Page 992 Other Pages 1004 Notes JID: 101181368; EIN: Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2016 Aug;59(8):1017. PMID: 27439916; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 1437-1588; 1436-9990 Accession Number PMID: 27349948 Language ger SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1007/s00103-016-2385-9 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27349948 Abstract At a young age, health care is mainly provided by doctors in private practice. In this study, the health care of children and adolescents in Thuringia is analysed. Data base is the federal state module Thuringia (2010-2012, n = 4884; 0-17 years), which was conducted by the Robert Koch Institute as part of KiGGS wave 1 (2009-2012). The health care of children and adolescents is described based on 7 indicators: total medical visits, paediatrician visits, general practitioner visits, hospitalisation, health screening examinations and vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV). Prevalence and mean values with 95 % confidence intervals were reported, and with logistic and linear regressions, the significance of the group differences was examined. Results show that 93.9 % of children and adolescents aged 0-17 years in Thuringia went in the last 12 months to doctors in private practice; the average number of doctor visits was 6.6 contacts. 75.1 % of 0 to 17-year-olds were treated by a paediatrician, and 29.9 % visited a general practitioner. In addition, 13.1 % of 0 to 17-year-olds in Thuringia have spent at least one night in hospital in the last 12 months; the average number of hospital nights was 7.2. With 90.5 %, the majority of the children aged 7-13 years completed the health screening program for children (U3-U9, without U7a). 67.5 % of the 14- to 17-year-old girls were vaccinated against HPV with at least one dose (lifetime prevalence), and 56.3 % have received a full vaccination with 3 doses. In addition, 62.0 % of 14- to 17-year-old girls went at least once to a gynaecologist. There are significant differences by gender, age, socio-economic status and place of residence (urban/rural). In summation, the results indicate a high utilisation rate by children and adolescents in Thuringia. Additionally, the findings point out prevention potentials such as the vaccination against HPV. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Krause,L., Anding,C., Kamtsiuris,P., KiGGS Study Group Original/Translated Title Arztliche und stationare Versorgung im Kindes- und Jugendalter : Reprasentative Ergebnisse des Landesmoduls Thuringen in KiGGS Welle 1 URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Microtensile bond strength of a resin-based fissure sealant to Er,Cr:YSGG laser-etched primary enamel	2016	Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Bagdat Caddesi No. 238, Goztepe, Kadikoy, 34728, Istanbul, Turkey. elifsung@yahoo.com.; Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Gazi University, 8. Cd. 1.Sok.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Odontology / the Society of the Nippon Dental University Periodical, Abbrev. Odontology Pub Date Free Form May Volume 104 Issue 2 Start Page 163 Other Pages 169 Notes JID: 101134822; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/09/19 [received]; 2015/03/15 [accepted]; 2015/04/07 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Japan ISSN/ISBN 1618-1255; 1618-1247 Accession Number PMID: 25847685 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; D; IM DOI 10.1007/s10266-015-0203-8 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25847685 Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser pre-treatment alone, or associated with acid-etching, on the microtensile bond strength of a resin-based fissure sealant to primary enamel. Twenty-five human primary molars were randomly divided into five groups including (1) 35 % acid etching, (2) 2.5-W laser etching, (3) 3.5-W laser etching, (4) 2.5-W laser etching + acid etching, and (5) 3.5-W laser etching + acid etching. Er,Cr:YSGG laser was used at a wavelength of 2.780 nm and pulse duration of 140-200 mus with a repetition rate of 20 Hz. Following surface pre-treatment, the fissure sealant (ClinPro, 3M Dental Products) was applied. Each tooth was sectioned and subjected to microtensile testing. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Sungurtekin-Ekci,E., Oztas,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150407 PMCID Editors
Low-Cost Air Quality Monitoring Methods to Assess Compliance With Smoke-Free Regulations: A Multi-Center Study in Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries	2016	Department of Tobacco Control, The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Edinburgh, Scotland; ajackson-morris@theunion.org.; Department of Tobacco Control, The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Edinburgh, Scot	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 18 Issue 5 Start Page 1258 Other Pages 1264 Notes CI: (c) The Author 2016; JID: 9815751; 2015/02/18 [received]; 2015/12/23 [accepted]; 2016/01/26 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 26814194 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntv290 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26814194 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have enacted legislation banning smoking in public places, yet enforcement remains challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using a validated low-cost methodology (the Dylos DC1700) to provide objective evidence of smoke-free (SF) law compliance in hospitality venues in urban LMIC settings, where outdoor air pollution levels are generally high. METHODS: Teams measured indoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations and systematically observed smoking behavior and SF signage in a convenience sample of hospitality venues (bars, restaurants, cafes, and hotels) covered by existing SF legislation in Mexico, Pakistan, Indonesia, Chad, Bangladesh, and India. Outdoor air PM2.5 was also measured on each sampling day. RESULTS: Data were collected from 626 venues. Smoking was observed during almost one-third of visits with substantial differences between countries-from 5% in India to 72% in Chad. After excluding venues where other combustion sources were observed, secondhand smoke (SHS) derived PM2.5 was calculated by subtracting outdoor ambient PM2.5 concentrations from indoor measurements and was, on average, 34 microg/m(3) in venues with observed smoking-compared to an average value of 0 microg/m(3) in venues where smoking was not observed (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Jackson-Morris,A., Bleymann,K., Lyall,E., Aslam,F., Bam,T.S., Chowdhury,I., Daouda,E.A., Espinosa,M., Romo,J., Singh,R.J., Semple,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160126 PMCID Editors
Ghrelin and Leptin Have a Complex Relationship with Risk of Barrett's Esophagus	2016	University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Mail stop 1023, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA. sthomas10@kumc.edu.; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA. lucy.m.almers@kp.org.; Kaiser Permanente Division of	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Digestive diseases and sciences Periodical, Abbrev. Dig.Dis.Sci. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 61 Issue 1 Start Page 70 Other Pages 79 Notes GR: R01 DK63616/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: R56 DK087748/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7902782; 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (GHRL protein, human); 0 (Ghrelin); 0 (Leptin); OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/04/22 [received]; 2015/09/03 [accepted]; 2015/09/22 [aheadof Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1573-2568; 0163-2116 Accession Number PMID: 26396004 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; AIM; IM DOI 10.1007/s10620-015-3867-6 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26396004 Abstract BACKGROUND: Abdominal obesity is a risk factor for Barrett's esophagus independent of GERD symptoms, but little is understood about the biological mechanisms between obesity and the carcinogenic pathway of esophageal adenocarcinoma. AIMS: To evaluate whether ghrelin and leptin may partially explain the association between obesity and Barrett's esophagus. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study using patients with a new diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus (cases) and two control groups frequency matched to cases for age, gender, and geographic region: (1) patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and (2) a sample of the general population. We generated odds ratios using logistic regressions to evaluate quartiles of serum ghrelin or serum leptin, adjusting for known risk factors for Barrett's esophagus. We evaluated potential interaction variables using cross products and ran stratified analyses to generate stratum-specific odds ratios. RESULTS: A total of 886 participants were included in the analysis. Higher ghrelin concentrations were associated with an increased risk of Barrett's esophagus, when compared to the population controls, but not the GERD controls. Ghrelin concentrations were not associated with the frequency of GERD symptoms, but ghrelin's relationship with Barrett's esophagus varied significantly with the frequency of GERD symptoms. Leptin concentrations were positively associated with at least weekly GERD symptoms among the population controls and were inversely associated with Barrett's esophagus only among the GERD controls. Adjusting for waist circumference did not change the main associations. CONCLUSION: Higher levels of ghrelin were associated with an increased risk of Barrett's esophagus among the general population. In contrast, leptin was positively associated with frequent GERD symptoms, but inversely associated with the risk of Barrett's esophagus among the GERD controls. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Thomas,S.J., Almers,L., Schneider,J., Graham,J.E., Havel,P.J., Corley,D.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150922 PMCID Editors
Correlation between Patent Foramen Ovale, Cerebral "Lesions" and Neuropsychometric Testing in Experienced Sports Divers: Does Diving Damage the Brain?	2016	DAN Europe Research DivisionBrussels, Belgium; Faculte des Sciences de la Motricite, Universite Libre de BruxellesBrussels, Belgium; Motor Sciences and Physiotherapy, Environmental and Occupational (Integrative) Physiology, Haute Ecole Paul Henri SpaakBru	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Frontiers in psychology Periodical, Abbrev. Front.Psychol. Pub Date Free Form 11-May Volume 7 Issue Start Page 696 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160602; JID: 101550902; OID: NLM: PMC4863080; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016 [ecollection]; 2015/09/09 [received]; 2016/04/26 [accepted]; 2016/05/11 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1664-1078; 1664-1078 Accession Number PMID: 27242609 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00696 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27242609 Abstract SCUBA diving exposes divers to decompression sickness (DCS). There has been considerable debate whether divers with a Patent Foramen Ovale of the heart have a higher risk of DCS because of the possible right-to-left shunt of venous decompression bubbles into the arterial circulation. Symptomatic neurological DCS has been shown to cause permanent damage to brain and spinal cord tissue; it has been suggested that divers with PFO may be at higher risk of developing subclinical brain lesions because of repeated asymptomatic embolization of decompression-induced nitrogen bubbles. These studies however suffer from several methodological flaws, including self-selection bias. We recruited 200 volunteer divers from a recreational diving population who had never suffered from DCS; we then randomly selected 50 of those for further investigation. The selected divers underwent brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging to detect asymptomatic brain lesions, contrast trans-oesophageal echocardiography for PFO, and extensive neuro-psychometric testing. Neuro-psychometry results were compared with a control group of normal subjects and a separate control group for subjects exposed to neurotoxic solvents. Forty two divers underwent all the tests and are included in this report. Grade 2 Patent Foramen Ovale was found in 16 (38%) of the divers; brain Unidentified Bright Objects (UBO's) were found in 5 (11.9%). There was no association between PFO and the presence of UBO's (P = 0.693) or their size (p = 0.5) in divers. Neuropsychometric testing in divers was significantly worse from controls in two tests, Digit Span Backwards (DSB; p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Balestra,C., Germonpre,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160511 PMCID PMC4863080 Editors
Other tobacco product and electronic cigarette use among homeless cigarette smokers	2016	Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program, Boston, MA, United States. Electronic	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 60 Issue Start Page 124 Other Pages 130 Notes LR: 20160609; CI: Copyright (c) 2016; GR: K23 DA034008/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7603486; NIHMS782223; OID: NLM: NIHMS782223 [Available on 09/01/17]; OID: NLM: PMC4898780 [Available on 09/01/17]; OTO: NOTNLM; PMCR: 2017/09/01 00:00; 2015/08/19 [ Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 27128808 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.04.006 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27128808 Abstract OBJECTIVE: We determined the prevalence and correlates of other tobacco product and electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use in a clinic-based sample of homeless cigarette smokers. METHODS: In April-July 2014, we used time-location sampling to conduct a cross-sectional, in-person survey of 306 currently homeless adult cigarette smokers recruited from 5 clinical sites at Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program. We assessed past-month use of large cigars, little cigars, smokeless tobacco, and e-cigarettes. Among those who had used e-cigarettes, we assessed the reasons for doing so. We used logistic regression analysis to identify the participant characteristics associated with the use of each product. RESULTS: Eighty-six percent of eligible individuals participated in the survey. In the past month, 37% of respondents used large cigars, 44% used little cigars, 8% used smokeless tobacco, 24% used an e-cigarette, and 68% used any of these products. Reasons for e-cigarette use included curiosity (85%) and to help quit conventional cigarettes (69%). In multivariable regression analyses, homeless smokers with greater subsistence difficulties were more likely to use little cigars (p=0.01) and less likely to use e-cigarettes (p=0.001). Non-Hispanic black (p=0.01), Hispanic (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Baggett,T.P., Campbell,E.G., Chang,Y., Rigotti,N.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160419 PMCID PMC4898780 Editors
Identifying effective behavioural components of Intervention and Comparison group support provided in SMOKing cEssation (IC-SMOKE) interventions: a systematic review protocol	2016	Aberdeen Health Psychology Group, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland. m.debruin@abdn.ac.uk.; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maas	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 4-May Volume 5 Issue Start Page 77 Other Pages 016-0253-1 Notes LR: 20160507; GR: C50862/A18446/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom; JID: 101580575; OID: NLM: PMC4857384; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/02/19 [received]; 2016/04/25 [accepted]; 2016/05/04 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 2046-4053; 2046-4053 Accession Number PMID: 27146038 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/s13643-016-0253-1 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27146038 Abstract BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews of behaviour change interventions for smoking cessation vary in scope, quality, and applicability. The current review aims to generate more accurate and useful findings by (1) a detailed analysis of intervention elements that change behaviour (i.e. behaviour change techniques (BCTs)) and potential moderators of behaviour change (i.e. other intervention and sample characteristics) and (2) assessing and controlling for variability in support provided to comparison groups in smoking cessation trials. METHODS: A systematic review will be conducted of randomized controlled trials of behaviour change interventions for smoking cessation in adults (with or without pharmacological support), with a minimum follow-up of 6 months, published after 1995. Eligible articles will be identified through the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialized Register. Study authors will be asked for detailed descriptions of smoking cessation support provided to intervention and comparison groups. All data will be independently coded by two researchers. The BCT taxonomy v1 (tailored to smoking cessation interventions) and template for intervention description and replication criteria will be used to code intervention characteristics. Data collection will further include sample and trial characteristics and outcome data (smoking cessation rates). Multilevel mixed-effects meta-regression models will be used to examine which BCTs and/or BCT clusters delivered to intervention and comparison groups explain smoking cessation rates in treatment arms (and effect sizes) and what key moderators of behaviour change are. Predicted effect sizes of each intervention will be computed assuming all interventions are compared against comparison groups receiving the same levels of behavioural support (i.e. low, medium, and high levels). Multi-disciplinary advisory board members (policymakers, health care providers, and (ex-)smokers) will provide strategic input throughout the project to ensure the review's applicability to policy and practice. DISCUSSION: By capturing BCTs in intervention and comparison groups, this systematic review will provide more accurate estimates of the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions, the most promising BCTs and/or BCT clusters associated with smoking cessation rates in intervention and comparison arms, and important moderators of behaviour change. The results could set new standards for conducting meta-analyses of behaviour change interventions and improve research, service delivery, and training in the area of smoking cessation. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42015025251. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors de Bruin,M., Viechtbauer,W., Eisma,M.C., Hartmann-Boyce,J., West,R., Bull,E., Michie,S., Johnston,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160504 PMCID PMC4857384 Editors

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