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Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Flying after diving: should recommendations be reviewed? In-flight echocardiographic study in bubble-prone and bubble-resistant divers	2015	DAN Europe Research Division, Contrada Padune 11, 64026 Roseto degli, Abruzzi (TE), Italy, Phone: +39(0)85-893-0333, Fax: +39-(0)85-893-0050, E-mail: dcialoni@daneurope.org.; DAN Europe Research Division, Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy.; DAN Europe Research	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Diving and hyperbaric medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Diving.Hyperb.Med. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 45 Issue 1 Start Page 10 Other Pages 15 Notes JID: 101282742; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/12/12 [received]; 2015/01/17 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Australia ISSN/ISBN 1833-3516; 1833-3516 Accession Number PMID: 25964033 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25964033 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Inert gas accumulated after multiple recreational dives can generate tissue supersaturation and bubble formation when ambient pressure decreases. We hypothesized that this could happen even if divers respected the currently recommended 24-hour pre-flight surface interval (PFSI). METHODS: We performed transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) on a group of 56 healthy scuba divers (39 male, 17 female) as follows: first echo--during the outgoing flight, no recent dives; second echo--before boarding the return flight, after a multiday diving week in the tropics and a 24-hour PFSI; third echo--during the return flight at 30, 60 and 90 minutes after take-off. TTE was also done after every dive during the week's diving. Divers were divided into three groups according to their 'bubble-proneness': non-bubblers, occasional bubblers and consistent bubblers. RESULTS: During the diving, 23 subjects never developed bubbles, 17 only occasionally and 16 subjects produced bubbles every day and after every dive. Bubbles on the return flight were observed in eight of the 56 divers (all from the 'bubblers' group). Two subjects who had the highest bubble scores during the diving were advised not to make the last dive (increasing their PFSI to approximately 36 hours), and did not demonstrate bubbles on the return flight. CONCLUSIONS: Even though a 24-hour PFSI is recommended on the basis of clinical trials showing a low risk of decompression sickness (DCS), the presence of venous gas bubbles in-flight in eight of 56 divers leads us to suspect that in real-life situations DCS risk after such a PFSI is not zero. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Cialoni,D., Pieri,M., Balestra,C., Marroni,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Comparison of the size of persistent foramen ovale and atrial septal defects in divers with shunt-related decompression illness and in the general population	2015	Royal Stoke University Hospital Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 6QG, UK, E-mail: peter.wilmshurst@tiscali.co.uk.; Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.; Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Dublin, Ireland.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Diving and hyperbaric medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Diving.Hyperb.Med. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 45 Issue 2 Start Page 89 Other Pages 93 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101282742; 0 (Contrast Media); OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/03/30 [received]; 2015/05/01 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Australia ISSN/ISBN 1833-3516; 1833-3516 Accession Number PMID: 26165530 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26165530 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Decompression illness (DCI) is associated with a right-to-left shunt, such as persistent foramen ovale (PFO), atrial septal defect (ASD) and pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. About one-quarter of the population have a PFO, but considerably less than one-quarter of divers suffer DCI. Our aim was to determine whether shunt-related DCI occurs mainly or entirely in divers with the largest diameter atrial defects. METHODS: Case control comparison of diameters of atrial defects (PFO and ASD) in 200 consecutive divers who had transcatheter closure of an atrial defect following shunt-related DCI and in an historic group of 263 individuals in whom PFO diameter was measured at post-mortem examination. RESULTS: In the divers who had experienced DCI, the median atrial defect diameter was 10 mm and the mean (standard deviation) was 9.9 (3.6) mm. Among those in the general population who had a PFO, the median diameter was 5 mm and mean was 4.9 (2.6) mm. The difference between the two groups was highly signi fi cant (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wilmshurst,P.T., Morrison,W.L., Walsh,K.P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Development of a new sorptive extraction method based on simultaneous direct and headspace sampling modes for the screening of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples	2015	Departamento Quimica Analitica, Nutricion y Bromatologia, Instituto de Investigacion y Analisis Alimentario, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.; Departamento Quimica Analitica, Nutricion y Bromatologia, Instituto d	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Talanta Periodical, Abbrev. Talanta Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 132 Issue Start Page 433 Other Pages 442 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 2984816R; 0 (Acenaphthenes); 0 (Acetonitriles); 0 (Drinking Water); 0 (Fluorenes); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Pyrenes); 0 (Silicones); 0 (Waste Water); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 1Z25C36811 (acenaphthylene) Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-3573; 0039-9140 Accession Number PMID: 25476328 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.09.044 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25476328 Abstract A new straightforward and inexpensive sample screening method for both EPA and EU priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water has been developed. The method is based on combined direct immersion and headspace (DIHS) sorptive extraction, using low-cost disposable material, coupled to ultraperformance liquid chromatography with fluorescence and UV detection (UPLC-FD-UV). Extraction parameters, such as the sampling mode, extraction time and ionic strength were investigated in detail and optimized. Under optimized conditions, water samples (16 mL) were concentrated in silicone disks by headspace (HS) and direct immersion (DI) modes simultaneously, at room temperature for 9h for the majority of the 24 studied compounds. Ultrasound-assisted desorption of extracted analytes in acetonitrile was carried out also at room temperature. The optimized chromatographic method provided a good linearity (R>/=0.9991) and a broad linear range for all studied PAHs. The proposed analytical procedure exhibited a good precision level with relative standard deviations below 15% for all analytes. Quantification limits between 0.7 and 2.3 microg L(-1) and 0.16 and 3.90 ng L(-1) were obtained for compounds analyzed by UV (acenaphtylene, cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene and benzo[j]fluoranthene) and fluorescence, respectively. Finally, the proposed method was applied to the determination of PAHs in different real tap, river and wastewater samples. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Trinanes,S., Pena,M.T., Casais,M.C., Mejuto,M.C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141007 PMCID Editors
Socio-demographic characteristics associated with cigarettes smoking, drug abuse and alcohol drinking among male medical university students in Iran	2015	Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.; Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.; Research Center for Behavioral Disorders an	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of research in health sciences Periodical, Abbrev. J.Res.Health.Sci. Pub Date Free Form Winter Volume 15 Issue 1 Start Page 42 Other Pages 46 Notes JID: 101480094; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/10/10 [received]; 2015/01/03 [accepted]; 2014/12/19 [revised]; ppublish Place of Publication Iran ISSN/ISBN 2228-7809; 2228-7795 Accession Number PMID: 25821025 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 1828 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25821025 Abstract BACKGROUND: Substance abuse is one of the most complicated social problems. Understanding socio-demographic characteristics of those who abuse substances could help deal with this problem more efficiently. The main objective of this study was to determine socio-demographic characteristics associated with alcohol drinking, cigarettes smoking and drug abuse among a sample of male medical university students in Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 among 425 male medical college students randomly selected with the proportional to size among different faculties in Isfahan and Kermanshah medical universities in Iran. A self-report written questionnaire was applied to collect data. Data were analyzed by the SPSS-20. RESULTS: Mean age of the respondents was 19.9 yr (ranging from 18 to 22 yr). About 19.4%, 3.9%, and 10.1% of the respondents had history of cigarette smoking, drug use, and alcohol drinking during the past three months, respectively. Logistic regression showed that mother's educational level, living place, economic status, and parents' divorce were the most influential predictive factors on substance abuse. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the high prevalence of substance abuse (especially smoking and alcohol drinking), it seems essential to design educational interventions to prevent substance abuse, paying attention to predictive factors mentioned above, among college students. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jalilian,F., Karami Matin,B., Ahmadpanah,M., Ataee,M., Ahmadi Jouybari,T., Eslami,A.A., Mirzaei Alavijeh,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Risk factors for exclusive e-cigarette use and dual e-cigarette use and tobacco use in adolescents	2015	University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii; Twills@cc.hawaii.edu.; University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii;; University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii; and.; University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii;; Norris Cotton	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pediatrics Periodical, Abbrev. Pediatrics Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 135 Issue 1 Start Page e43 Other Pages 51 Notes LR: 20160128; CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: P30 CA023108/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30 CA071789/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA153154/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: U54 MD007584/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States; JID: 0376422; OID: NLM: PMC Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-4275; 0031-4005 Accession Number PMID: 25511118 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; AIM; IM DOI 10.1542/peds.2014-0760 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25511118 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To describe electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and cigarette use among adolescents and determine whether established risk factors for smoking discriminate user categories. METHODS: School-based survey of 1941 high school students (mean age 14.6 years) in Hawaii; data collected in 2013. The survey assessed e-cigarette use and cigarette use, alcohol and marijuana use, and psychosocial risk and protective variables (eg, parental support, academic involvement, smoking expectancies, peer smoking, sensation seeking). Analysis of variance and multinomial regression examined variation in risk and protective variables across the following categories of ever-use: e-cigarette only, cigarette only, dual use (use of both products), and nonuser (never used either product). RESULTS: Prevalence for the categories was 17% (e-cigarettes only), 12% (dual use), 3% (cigarettes only), and 68% (nonusers). Dual users and cigarette-only users were highest on risk status (elevated on risk factors and lower on protective factors) compared with other groups. E-cigarette only users were higher on risk status than nonusers but lower than dual users. E-cigarette only users and dual users more often perceived e-cigarettes as healthier than cigarettes compared with nonusers. CONCLUSIONS: This study reports a US adolescent sample with one of the largest prevalence rates of e-cigarette only use in the existing literature. Dual use also had a substantial prevalence. The fact that e-cigarette only users were intermediate in risk status between nonusers and dual users raises the possibility that e-cigarettes are recruiting medium-risk adolescents, who otherwise would be less susceptible to tobacco product use. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher by the American Academy of Pediatrics Data Source Authors Wills,T.A., Knight,R., Williams,R.J., Pagano,I., Sargent,J.D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141215 PMCID PMC4279062 Editors
Tobacco products sold by Internet vendors following restrictions on flavors and light descriptors	2015	Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; cjo@email.unc.edu.; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC;	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 17 Issue 3 Start Page 344 Other Pages 349 Notes LR: 20160519; CI: (c) The Author 2014; GR: 5R01CA169189-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: CA154254/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA169189/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: U01 CA154254/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 0 (Flavoring Ag Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25173777 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Observational Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu167 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25173777 Abstract INTRODUCTION: The 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act bans characterizing flavors (e.g., grape, strawberry) in cigarettes, excluding tobacco and menthol, and prohibits companies from using misleading descriptors (e.g., light, low) that imply reduced health risks without submitting scientific data to support the claim and obtaining a marketing authorization from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. This observational study examines tobacco products offered by Internet cigarette vendors (ICV) pre- and postimplementation of the ban on characterizing flavors in cigarettes and the restriction on misleading descriptors. METHODS: Cross-sectional samples of the 200 most popular ICVs in 2009, 2010, and 2011 were identified. Data were analyzed in 2012 and 2013. RESULTS: In 2011 the odds for selling cigarettes with banned flavors or misleading descriptors were 0.40 times that for selling the products in 2009 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.18, 0.88). However, 89% of vendors continued to sell the products, including 95.8% of international vendors. Following the ban on characterizing flavors, ICVs began selling potential alternative products. In 2010, the odds for selling flavored little cigars were 1.71 (95% CI = 1.09, 2.69) times that for selling the product in 2009 and, for clove cigars, were 5.50 (95% CI = 2.36, 12.80) times that for selling the product in 2009. CONCLUSIONS: Noncompliance with the ban on characterizing flavors and restriction on misleading descriptors has been high, especially among international vendors. Many vendors appear to be circumventing the intent of the flavors ban by selling unbanned flavored cigars, in some cases in lieu of flavored cigarettes. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Jo,C.L., Williams,R.S., Ribisl,K.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140830 PMCID PMC4837994 Editors
Effectiveness of Ebola treatment units and community care centers - Liberia, September 23-October 31, 2014	2015		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 30-Jan Volume 64 Issue 3 Start Page 67 Other Pages 69 Notes JID: 7802429; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 25632955 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI mm6403a6 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25632955 Abstract Previous reports have shown that an Ebola outbreak can be slowed, and eventually stopped, by placing Ebola patients into settings where there is reduced risk for onward Ebola transmission, such as Ebola treatment units (ETUs) and community care centers (CCCs) or equivalent community settings that encourage changes in human behaviors to reduce transmission risk, such as making burials safe and reducing contact with Ebola patients. Using cumulative case count data from Liberia up to August 28, 2014, the EbolaResponse model previously estimated that without any additional interventions or further changes in human behavior, there would have been approximately 23,000 reported Ebola cases by October 31, 2014. In actuality, there were 6,525 reported cases by that date. To estimate the effectiveness of ETUs and CCCs or equivalent community settings in preventing greater Ebola transmission, CDC applied the EbolaResponse model to the period September 23-October 31, 2014, in Liberia. The results showed that admitting Ebola patients to ETUs alone prevented an estimated 2,244 Ebola cases. Having patients receive care in CCCs or equivalent community settings with a reduced risk for Ebola transmission prevented an estimated 4,487 cases. Having patients receive care in either ETUs or CCCs or in equivalent community settings, prevented an estimated 9,100 cases, apparently as the result of a synergistic effect in which the impact of the combined interventions was greater than the sum of the two interventions. Caring for patients in ETUs, CCCs, or in equivalent community settings with reduced risk for transmission can be important components of a successful public health response to an Ebola epidemic. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Washington,M.L., Meltzer,M.L., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Cigarette smoking cessation attempts among current US smokers who also use smokeless tobacco	2015	Cancer Prevention and Control Division, Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, 3855 Health Sciences Dr. MC 0901, La Jolla, CA 92093-0901, United States; Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, UCSD, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; D	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 51 Issue Start Page 113 Other Pages 119 Notes LR: 20150904; CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: 1R01CA172058-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: HHSN271201100027C/PHS HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA172058/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7603486; NIHMS713492; OID: NLM: NIHMS713492 [Available on 12/01/16]; O Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 26253939 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.06.045 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26253939 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Concurrent use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco is common, but little is known regarding the association of smokeless tobacco use with cigarette smoking cessation. Dual users may have lower cigarette consumption levels, which may also play a role in smoking cessation. METHODS: The 2010-2011 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey included 26,760 current cigarette smokers, of which 675 concurrently used smokeless tobacco. We compared characteristics of the most recent cigarette smoking quit attempt of the past year between dual users and exclusive smokers, using multivariate regression. RESULTS: Dual users (45%) were more likely than exclusive smokers (37%) to have made a cigarette smoking quit attempt during the previous year (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Messer,K., Vijayaraghavan,M., White,M.M., Shi,Y., Chang,C., Conway,K.P., Hartman,A., Schroeder,M.J., Compton,W.M., Pierce,J.P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150704 PMCID PMC4558255 Editors
Trends in Electronic Cigarette Use Among U.S. Adults: Use is Increasing in Both Smokers and Nonsmokers	2015	Department of Psychology, Mississippi State University and American Academy of Pediatrics Julius B. Richmond Center of Excellence, Starkville, MS; rcm19@msstate.edu.; Public Health Advocacy Institute at Northeastern University School of Law and American A	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 17 Issue 10 Start Page 1195 Other Pages 1202 Notes CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 9815751; 2014/04/07 [received]; 2014/09/22 [accepted]; 2014/11/06 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25381306 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu213 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25381306 Abstract OBJECTIVES: We assessed trends in use of electronic cigarettes among U.S. adults, demographic predictors of use, and smoking status of current electronic cigarette users. METHODS: Mixed-mode surveys were used to obtain representative, cross-sectional samples of U.S. adults in each of 4 years. RESULTS: Sample sizes for 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013 were 3,240, 3,097, 3,101, and 3,245, respectively. Ever use of electronic cigarettes increased from 1.8% (2010) to 13.0% (2013), while current use increased from 0.3% to 6.8%, p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors McMillen,R.C., Gottlieb,M.A., Shaefer,R.M., Winickoff,J.P., Klein,J.D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141106 PMCID Editors
Electronic cigarettes in adults in outpatient substance use treatment: Awareness, perceptions, use, and reasons for use	2015	Battelle Memorial Institute, Health and Analytics, Baltimore, MD; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The American Journal on Addictions / American Academy of Psychiatrists in Alcoholism and Addictions Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Addict. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 24 Issue 3 Start Page 233 Other Pages 239 Notes CI: (c) American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.; JID: 9208821; 2014/08/04 [received]; 2014/12/30 [revised]; 2015/01/11 [accepted]; 2015/03/24 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1521-0391; 1055-0496 Accession Number PMID: 25809200 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1111/ajad.12206 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25809200 Abstract BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Most studies on e-cigarettes have come from population-based surveys. The current research aimed to provide initial data on e-cigarette awareness, perceptions, use, and reasons for use among adults seeking substance use treatment. METHODS: A survey was conducted among 198 participants >/=18 years old in a community-based outpatient substance use treatment program. RESULTS: Of the 198 participants, 69% currently smoked cigarettes, 92% were aware of e-cigarettes, and 58% had ever used e-cigarettes. The proportion of the number of participants who had ever used e-cigarettes to the number who currently smoked (89.7%) appeared higher than the corresponding proportion in the 2012-13 National Adult Tobacco Survey (78.3%). Almost half of the sample who reported ever using e-cigarettes endorsed quitting or reducing smoking as a reason for use, and 32% endorsed reasons for use relating to curiosity/experimentation. A greater likelihood of e-cigarette ever-use was significantly associated with younger age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.94, 95%confidence interval [CI] = 0.90, 0.98) and perceptions related to using e-cigarettes in public places where smoking cigarettes is not allowed (AOR = 2.96, 95%CI = 1.18, 7.42) but was not associated with primary drug of choice. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: E-cigarette use in adults seeking substance use treatment appears higher than it is in the US general population of smokers. The high frequency of use may be due to curiosity/experimentation or attempts to quit or reduce smoking. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Future research may consider how e-cigarettes interact with other substance use and affect high rates of nicotine and tobacco use in this population. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Peters,E.N., Harrell,P.T., Hendricks,P.S., O'Grady,K.E., Pickworth,W.B., Vocci,F.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150324 PMCID Editors

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