WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	SearchLink
Waterpipe smoking and risk of coronary artery disease	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Curr Opin Cardiol Periodical, Abbrev. Curr.Opin.Cardiol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 31 Issue 5 Start Page 545 Other Pages 50 Notes ID: 27428005 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Smoking tobacco using a water pipe is becoming more prevalent globally, particularly amongst younger populations. In addition to its growing popularity, more evidence is emerging regarding associated harm, and several misconceptions exist concerning the likely adverse health effects of waterpipe smoking (WPS). It is timely, therefore, to examine the body of evidence linking WPS to coronary artery disease (CAD). Here, we review the direct evidence linking WPS to CAD and examine additional, indirect evidence of associated harm. We discuss the clinical and public health implications of the current evidence and provide suggestions for further research. RECENT FINDINGS: A multicentre case-control study in Lebanon has recently demonstrated an association between WPS and CAD. There are few prior studies making this direct link. However, a large body of evidence has emerged showing close similarities between WPS and cigarette smoking with regard to the toxicity of smoke and acute inflammatory and haemodynamic effects following exposure to it. SUMMARY: There are consistent similarities between WPS and cigarette smoking in regard to association with CAD, the nature of the smoke produced, and the acute haemodynamic effects and inflammatory responses that follow exposure. These findings justify both public health and clinical interventions to reduce WPS. Further studies are warranted to confirm a causal association between WPS and CAD. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HCO.0000000000000319 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Almedawar,Mohamad Musbah, Walsh,Jason Leo, Isma'eel, Hussain,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Multiple tobacco product use among young adult bar patrons in New Mexico	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Prev Med Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Volume 83 Issue Start Page 16 Other Pages 21 Notes ID: 26666395 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: Use of non-cigarette tobacco products is common, and e-cigarette use is increasing among young adults. We aimed to identify use of other tobacco products among young adult bar patrons in the context of a bar-based intervention to decrease cigarette smoking. METHODS: 2291 cross-sectional surveys were collected from young adults in bars in Albuquerque, New Mexico using time-location sampling between 2011 and 2013 (N=1142 in 2011, N=1149 in 2012-2013), 2 and 3years into an intervention to reduce cigarette use, and analyzed in 2014-2015. Participants reported current (i.e. past 30-day) use of cigarettes, snus, dip, cigarillos, hookah, and e-cigarettes, demographics, and tobacco-related attitudes. Multiple imputation was used to account for planned missing data. Logistic regression determined correlates of multiple tobacco product use. RESULTS: Cigarette smoking in the population decreased during the intervention from 43% to 37%. Over 60% of current cigarette smokers reported poly-use, most frequently with e-cigarettes (46%) and hookah (44%), followed by cigarillos (24%), dip (15%), and snus (14%) in 2012-2013. Among cigarette smokers, current e-cigarette use increased, while use of other products decreased during the intervention. Odds of poly-use (versus smoking cigarettes only) were greater among males and those reporting past 30-day binge drinking, and lower in those who strongly believed secondhand smoke exposure is harmful. CONCLUSIONS: Among young adult bar patrons in Albuquerque, New Mexico, most cigarette smokers reported currently using at least one other tobacco product. Public health interventions should address use of all tobacco products, use of which may rise despite decreased cigarette use. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.11.024 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Kalkhoran,Sara, Padilla,James L., Neilands,Torsten B., Ling,Pamela M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Waterpipe (Hookah) Smoking Among Youth and Women in Canada is New, not Traditional	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine Tob Res Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 18 Issue 5 Start Page 757 Other Pages 62 Notes ID: 26187392 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: When asserting the right of individuals to be free to smoke a hookah (waterpipe WP]) in public places, the "cultural" importance of the practice is often cited. The purpose of this study was to explore the cultural significance of WP smoking. METHODS: Qualitative methods were used to elicit the views of groups of WP smokers from different cultural backgrounds. RESULTS: Sixteen group discussion sessions with a total of 75 WP smokers aged between 18 and 30 were conducted. A few participants saw culture as a factor supporting WP smoking initiation and maintenance. The vast majority indicated that WPs being perceived as "healthier" than cigarettes, and the availability of flavored shisha as important factors in their initiation and ongoing use. Most started smoking before the age of 18 calling it a "high school thing" and admitted that they had easy access to WP cafÃ©s. Many indicated that they did not know if they were smoking tobacco or a "herbal" substance. CONCLUSION: Peer influence, availability of flavored products and facile access to WP cafÃ©s are major factors in WP initiation. Ethno-cultural traditions play only a minor role. The assertion that cultural traditions and practice are inherent in WP smoking as implied by media and marketing was not supported by our findings. Contemporary use of WP is spreading among new non-traditional users. Lack of knowledge about the harms of WP smoking indicates a need for education and regulation to require packaging and health warning labels and restrictions on access, especially to minors. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntv152 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Hammal,Fadi, Wild,T C., Nykiforuk,Candace, Abdullahi,Khadija, Mussie,Dawit, Finegan,Barry A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Gaining Insights Into the Waterpipe Tobacco Industry: Participant Observation and a Cross-Sectional Survey of Products at a Trade Exhibition	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine Tob Res Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 18 Issue 5 Start Page 874 Other Pages 8 Notes ID: 26175460 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: The rise in waterpipe tobacco smoking has been accompanied by the emergence of a diverse range of products, such as "herbal" waterpipe tobacco substitutes and electronic waterpipes. The aims of this study were to assess the extent to which emerging waterpipe products are being developed by waterpipe tobacco companies themselves, to understand the key characteristics of the main market players, and to examine the connections between producers of different product categories. METHODS: In 2014, one researcher attended an international waterpipe trade exhibition in Germany, conducting a survey of products at exhibition stands, and gathering qualitative data on exhibitors and products using participant observation. Cross-tabulations and chi-square tests identified the association between waterpipe tobacco, waterpipe tobacco substitutes, and electronic waterpipe products. We thematically analyzed field notes into information about exhibitors and products. RESULTS: Of 97 exhibitors, 55 displayed waterpipe-related products. Of these, nearly half (45%) displayed electronic waterpipe products, 38% displayed waterpipe tobacco and 23% displayed waterpipe tobacco substitutes. There was an inverse association between the display of waterpipe tobacco and electronic waterpipe products, and a positive association between the display of waterpipe tobacco and waterpipe tobacco substitutes. We found that Japan Tobacco Inc, Philip Morris, and British American Tobacco were partnered or affiliated with exhibitors displaying waterpipe-related products. CONCLUSIONS: Electronic waterpipe products were the main feature of this exhibition. Waterpipe tobacco substitutes are likely to be produced by the waterpipe tobacco industry whereas electronic waterpipes are not. There is a developing interest in waterpipe-related products by transnational tobacco corporations. Further industry surveillance is warranted. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntv155 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Jawad,Mohammed, Nakkash,Rima T., Hawkins,Ben, Akl,Elie A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The Effects of Brief Waterpipe Tobacco Use Harm and Addiction Education Messages Among Young Adult Waterpipe Tobacco Users	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine Tob Res Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 18 Issue 5 Start Page 777 Other Pages 84 Notes ID: 26438650 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the immediate effects of brief education messages delivered online about harms and addictiveness of waterpipe tobacco use among young adult waterpipe users aged 18 to 30 years. METHODS: Participants (n = 327, mean age 24.8 years, 62.1% male, 77.6% white, 67.8% used waterpipe monthly, 26.4% weekly, 5.8% daily) were recruited online and randomized to one of three experimental conditions: (1) Control condition viewing no messages; (2) Harms condition viewing messages about harms of waterpipe tobacco; (3) Harms and addiction condition viewing messages about harms and addictiveness of waterpipe tobacco. Outcomes included perceived harm and addictiveness of waterpipe, worry about harm and addiction, and desire to quit. RESULTS: Compared to the control condition, participants in the harms condition reported significantly greater perceived harm and addictiveness of waterpipe relative to cigarettes, perceived risk of harm and addiction, worry about harm and addiction, and desire to quit. There were few significant differences in these outcomes between participants in the harms condition and the harms and addiction condition. Mediation analyses suggest waterpipe tobacco use harm messages may increase desire to quit by producing greater worry about harm and addiction. CONCLUSIONS: Brief education messages about waterpipe tobacco use harm increased young adult's perceptions of harm and addictiveness of waterpipe tobacco use and generated stronger desire to quit. The waterpipe tobacco use addiction messages tested had little added impact. Studies should prospectively examine the real-world impact of waterpipe tobacco use harm messages and investigate more effective strategies for designing addiction messages. IMPLICATIONS: This study demonstrates that brief education messages about waterpipe tobacco use harm can increase young adult waterpipe tobacco user's perceptions of harm and addictiveness of waterpipe tobacco use and generate stronger desire to quit. The findings indicate messages on addictiveness of waterpipe tobacco use have no added impact on these outcomes. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntv223 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Mays,Darren, Tercyak,Kenneth P., Lipkus,Isaac M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Investigating the Effects of Exposure to Waterpipe Smoke on Pregnancy Outcomes Using an Animal Model	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine Tob Res Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 18 Issue 5 Start Page 585 Other Pages 9 Notes ID: 26681774 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: In recent years, waterpipe tobacco smoking has been increasing in popularity all over the world. In this study, we explored effects of waterpipe smoking on pregnancy outcomes in rats. METHODS: Animals were exposed to waterpipe tobacco smoking using a whole body exposure system 2 hours per day during pregnancy. A control group was exposed to fresh air only. RESULTS: The results showed significant association between exposure to waterpipe smoke during pregnancy and low birth weight (P Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntv275 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Khabour,Omar F., Alzoubi,Karem H., Al-Sheyab, Nihaya, Shihadeh,Alan, Eissenberg,Thomas Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Associations of Adolescents' Cigarette, Waterpipe, and Dual Tobacco Use With Parental Tobacco Use	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine Tob Res Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 18 Issue 5 Start Page 879 Other Pages 84 Notes ID: 26438651 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have demonstrated the influence of parental (both mother and father) cigarette smoking on adolescents' cigarette smoking. Little is known, however, about how parental tobacco use is related to waterpipe and dual waterpipe/cigarette use, which is increasing dramatically in the Arab countries. METHODS: Study data (n = 34 788, N = 6 109 572) were obtained from nationally representative Global Youth Tobacco Surveys in 17 Arab countries. Study outcome was adolescents' tobacco use categorized into none, cigarette smoking only, waterpipe smoking (WPS) only, and dual use. Primary exposure included parental tobacco use categorized into 10 groups-maternal (mother) cigarette smoking only, maternal WPS only, maternal dual use, paternal (father) cigarette smoking only, paternal WPS only, paternal dual use, parental (both mother and father) cigarette smoking only, parental WPS only, parental dual use, and none. Weighted multinomial regression models were conducted to assess the relationships. RESULTS: Adolescents reported smoking WPS only (5.7%), cigarettes only (2.9%), and dual use (3.5%). Compared to adolescent with no exposure to parental tobacco use, adolescent exposure to parental dual use was associated with significant increase in WPS only (OR = 6.08, 95% CI = 2.38-15.51) and dual use (OR = 3.86, 95% CI = 1.43-10.43). Effect modification of the relationship by adolescents' sex was observed. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to examine adolescent cigarette, waterpipe, and dual use with parental tobacco use. Study findings may help development of cessation interventions targeting parental tobacco use to prevent the rising waterpipe and dual use strain of the global tobacco epidemic. IMPLICATIONS: (1) Influence of parents' cigarette smoking on adolescents' smoking has been demonstrated in earlier studies, however, little is known about how tobacco use behaviors of mother and father influences an adolescent's cigarette, waterpipe and dual cigarette/waterpipe use. (2) Associations of parental (both mother and father) tobacco use with adolescents' tobacco use differed significantly if the adolescent is a waterpipe smoker or dual user compared to an adolescent cigarette smoker. (3) Adolescents' exposed to their mothers' WPS or dual use were more likely to be a waterpipe smoker or dual user. High likelihood of adolescents' cigarette, waterpipe and dual use is found in homes where parental tobacco use is rampant with both parents smoking either cigarette, waterpipe or both. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntv224 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Veeranki,Sreenivas P., Alzyoud,Sukaina, Dierking,Leah, Kheriallah,Khalid, Mzayek,Fawaz, Pbert,Lori, Ward,Kenneth D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Design and Validation of a Research-Grade Waterpipe Equipped With Puff Topography Analyzer	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine Tob Res Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 18 Issue 5 Start Page 785 Other Pages 93 Notes ID: 26377514 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: Worldwide, commercially available waterpipes vary widely in design and durability, including differences in fabrication materials, degree of leak-tight fit, and flow path diameter. Little is known about how the components of the waterpipe may influence puffing behavior and user's exposure to toxins. To systematically evaluate exposure, it is necessary to use a standardized research-grade waterpipe (RWP) when conducting clinical and laboratory-based trials. METHODS: We developed a RWP that is configured with an in-line topography system which allows real-time measurement and recording of the smoke volume drawn through the RWP. The RWP was calibrated across the flow rate range expected for waterpipe tobacco smoking and the calibration was verified for known puff volumes using a smoking machine. Operation of the RWP was qualified in a cohort of experienced waterpipe smokers, each smoker using the RWP ad libitum in a laboratory setting while smoker topography and subjective effects data were collected. RESULTS: RWP machine smoking was highly reproducible and yielded puff volumes that agreed well with true values. User acceptance was comparable, and puffing behavior was similar in pattern, with more frequent puffing in the beginning of the session, but significantly different in intensity from that used to estimate the majority of toxicant exposure reported in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: The RWP operates with known precision and accuracy and is well accepted by experienced smokers. This tool can be used to determine the extent to which puffing behaviors are affected by the waterpipe design, components, and/or accessories, tobacco nicotine content, sweet flavorings and/or additives known to increase addictiveness. IMPLICATIONS: This study describes a standardized RWP, equipped with a puffing topography analyzer, which can operate with known precision and accuracy, and is well-accepted by experienced smokers in terms of satisfaction and reward. The RWP is an important tool for determining if puffing behaviors, and thus estimated toxin exposures, are affected by the waterpipe design, components, and/or accessories, tobacco nicotine content, sweet flavorings, and/or additives that are known to increase addictiveness. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntv180 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Brinkman,Marielle C., Kim,Hyoshin, Gordon,Sydney M., Kroeger,Robyn R., Reyes,Iza L., Deojay,Dawn M., Chitwood,Caleb, Lane,Timothy E., Clark,Pamela I. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The Social Patterning of Tobacco Use Among Women in Jordan: The Protective Effect of Education on Cigarette Smoking and the Deleterious Effect of Wealth on Cigarette and Waterpipe Smoking	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine Tob Res Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 18 Issue 4 Start Page 379 Other Pages 85 Notes ID: 26014452 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: The presence of social inequalities in tobacco-use has been fully recognized in the international literature. Even though cigarette and waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) are prevalent in the Arab region, the literature has not addressed the social determinants of the impending tobacco epidemic. This study examined the socioeconomic patterning of cigarette and WTS among Jordanian women. METHODS: We analyzed pooled data from four waves of the Jordan Demographic and Health Surveys: 2002 (N = 5851); 2007 (N = 10 654); 2009 (N = 9879), and 2012 (N = 11 113). We specified logistic regression models to test the association between education and household wealth and the two outcome measures, cigarette and WTS, adjusting for other covariates. For each outcome, we ran time-unadjusted and time-adjusted logistic models. RESULTS: Cigarette smoking prevalence among Jordanian women remained almost constant (around 10%) between 2002 and 2012. WTS prevalence steadily increased from 4.1% in 2002 to 10.2% in 2012. Increasing education predicted lower odds of cigarette smoking, whereas increasing household wealth weakly predicted higher odds. As to WTS, increasing household wealth strongly predicted higher odds of use. CONCLUSIONS: Among Jordanian women, increasing education is protective against cigarette smoking. Household wealth, on the other hand, exerts a deleterious effect on both forms of tobacco consumption, particularly WTS. This pattern shows that Jordan has not fully undergone the socioeconomic crossover in tobacco prevalence which characterizes high-income countries. Future control policies should aim to decrease prevalence but also preempt increasing social inequalities in tobacco use. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntv111 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Jawad,Mohammed, Abdulrahim,Sawsan, Daouk,Aref Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Adolescents' and Young Adults' Knowledge and Beliefs About Constituents in Novel Tobacco Products	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes ID: 26764259 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language ENG SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: Novel tobacco products, such as little cigars, cigarillos, hookah, and e-cigarettes, and their smoke or aerosol contain chemicals which the FDA has determined to be Harmful or Potentially Harmful Constituents. We explored adolescents' and young adults' knowledge and beliefs about constituents in novel tobacco products and their smoke or aerosol, in order to inform risk communication messages. METHODS: Seventy-seven adolescents and young adults (ages 13-25) participated in 10 focus groups, including 47 novel tobacco product users and 30 susceptible nonusers. Participants were asked to discuss 10 pre-selected constituents found in novel tobacco products and their smoke or aerosol. The first author analyzed the discussion for emergent themes. RESULTS: Participants were generally familiar with arsenic, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, and nicotine, but unfamiliar with acetaldehyde, acrolein, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanon (NNK), and N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN). All participants had negative beliefs about most constituents, although users had positive beliefs about nicotine. "Unfamiliar" constituents were associated with similarly-sounding words (eg, acetaldehyde sounds like acetaminophen), and some participants recognized words in the chemical names of NNK/NNN (eg, "nitro"). "Familiar" constituents were associated with negative health effects and other common products the constituents are found in. All participants wanted more information about the constituents' health effects, toxicity, and other common products. Most participants were unaware the constituents discussed are in novel tobacco products and their smoke or aerosol. CONCLUSIONS: Risk communication messages could capitalize on negative associations with familiar constituents, or attempt to educate about unfamiliar constituents, to discourage novel tobacco product use among adolescents and young adults. IMPLICATIONS: The results of this study have implications for how the FDA and other agencies can communicate about the risks of novel tobacco products to the general public, which will be particularly important once the Deeming Rule is finalized. Our findings suggest it may be effective to capitalize on the public's negative beliefs about and associations with familiar constituents, or to educate about unfamiliar constituents and their health effects, their concentration and toxicity in novel tobacco products and their smoke or aerosol, and other products they are found in. Descriptors Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-26764259 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Wiseman,Kimberly D., Cornacchione,Jennifer, Wagoner,Kimberly G., Noar,Seth M., Moracco,Kathryn E., Teal,Randall, Wolfson,Mark, Sutfin,Erin L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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