WTS database

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Validation of the Waterpipe Tolerance Questionnaire Among Jordanian School-Going Adolescent Waterpipe Users	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Glob J Health Sci Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 8 Issue 2 Start Page 198 Other Pages 208 Notes ID: 26383198 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: Waterpipe use among adolescents has been increasing progressively. Yet no studies were reported to assess the validity and reliability of nicotine dependence scale. The current study aims to assess the validity and reliability of an Arabic version of the modified Waterpipe Tolerance Questionnaire WTQ among school-going adolescent waterpipe users. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study conducted in Jordan, information on waterpipe use among 333 school-going adolescents aged 11-18 years was obtained using the Arabic version of the WTQ. An exploratory factor analysis and correlation matrices were conducted to assess validity and reliability of the WTQ. RESULTS: The WTQ had a 0.73 alpha of internal consistency indicating moderate level of reliability. The scale showed multidimensionality with items loading on two factors, namely waterpipe consumption and morning smoking. CONCLUSION: This study report nicotine dependence level among school-going adolescents who identify themselves as waterpipe users using the WTQ. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Alzyoud,Sukaina, Veeranki,Sreenivas P., Kheirallah,Khalid A., Shotar,Ali M., Pbert,Lori Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Synthetic Cannabinoid Use and Descriptive Norms among Collegiate Student-Athletes	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Psychoactive Drugs Periodical, Abbrev. J.Psychoactive Drugs Pub Date Free Form Volume 48 Issue 3 Start Page 166 Other Pages 72 Notes ID: 27224428 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Synthetic cannabinoids have gained popularity over the past decade, especially among young adults, due to sharing similar psychoactive properties with Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). A limited number of studies have examined synthetic cannabinoid use among college students but none have examined use exclusively by collegiate student-athletes. The objective of this study was to examine synthetic cannabinoid use among collegiate student-athletes. In the spring of 2013, 3,276 freshmen and transfer collegiate student-athletes from 47 NCAA Division I, II, and III institutions participated in a web-based survey on substance use. Bivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between collegiate student-athlete characteristics, substance use, and descriptive norms with lifetime use of synthetic cannabinoids. Sixty-two individuals (1.9%) reported lifetime use of synthetic cannabinoids, and 3 (0.1%) reported past-30-day use. Males, current drinkers, and athletes who used hookah and marijuana in the past 30 days were more likely to use synthetic cannabinoids. Peer use of synthetic cannabinoids was estimated to be higher than actual use, and such overestimation was positively associated with personal use of synthetic cannabinoids. Our findings suggest that campaigns addressing normative beliefs should be implemented on college campuses to prevent synthetic cannabinoid use among college students and collegiate student-athletes. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2016.1186305 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Egan,Kathleen L., Erausquin,Jennifer Toller, Milroy,Jeffrey J., Wyrick,David L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Patterns of Alternative Tobacco Product Use: Emergence of Hookah and E-cigarettes as Preferred Products Amongst Youth	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Adolesc Health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Adolesc.Health Pub Date Free Form Volume 58 Issue 2 Start Page 181 Other Pages 5 Notes ID: 26598059 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract PURPOSE: There is a growing public health concern related to the rapid increase in the use of multiple tobacco products among adolescents. This study examined patterns of adolescent use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars/cigarillo, hookah/waterpipe, and smokeless/dip/chewing tobacco in a population of southern California adolescents. METHODS: Data from 2,097 11th- and 12th-grade participants in the Southern California Children's Health Study were collected via self-report in 2014. Study participants were asked about lifetime and current (past 30 days) use of cigarettes, cigars/cigarillos/little cigars, e-cigarettes, hookah/waterpipe, and smokeless/dip/chewing tobacco. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify patterns of tobacco use. RESULTS: Hookah/waterpipe tobacco use had the highest current prevalence (10.7%) followed by e-cigarettes (9.6%). The prevalence of use of smokeless/dip/chewing tobacco was lowest, with 2.2% of adolescents reporting current use. The LCA suggested four distinct classes, comprising nonusers (72.3% of the sample), polytobacco experimenters (13.9%), e-cigarette/hookah users (8.2%), and polytobacco users (5.6%). Multinomial logistic regression based on these four classes found that males had double the odds to be polytobacco users relative to nonusers compared to females (odds ratio, 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-4.25). CONCLUSIONS: By identifying naturally occurring configurations of tobacco product use in teens, these findings may be useful to practitioners and policymakers to identify the need for tobacco control interventions that address specific tobacco products and particular combinations of polytobacco use. LCA can be used to identify segments of the population overrepresented among certain tobacco use classes (e.g., boys) that may benefit most from targeted polyproduct intervention approaches. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.10.001 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Gilreath,Tamika D., Leventhal,Adam, Barrington-Trimis, Jessica, Unger,Jennifer B., Cruz,Tess Boley, Berhane,Kiros, Huh,Jimi, Urman,Robert, Wang,Kejia, Howland,Steve, Pentz,Mary Ann, Chou,Chih Ping, McConnell,Rob Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Latent class analysis of current e-cigarette and other substance use in high school students	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Drug Alcohol Depend Periodical, Abbrev. Drug Alcohol Depend. Pub Date Free Form Volume 161 Issue Start Page 292 Other Pages 7 Notes ID: 26922282 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: There is limited research on adolescents' use of e-cigarettes and other substances. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 2241 Connecticut high school students completed anonymous, cross-sectional surveys assessing e-cigarette and other substance use. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to: (1) classify students based on their past-month use of e-cigarettes, cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, hookah, blunts, marijuana, and alcohol, and (2) determine if age, sex, or race predicted class membership. RESULTS: Past-month e-cigarette use was 11.6%, and use rates for the remaining substances ranged from 2.8% (smokeless tobacco) to 20.7% (alcohol). The optimal latent class solution comprised four classes: (1) primarily abstainers (81.6%; abstainers), (2) primarily e-cigarette and alcohol users (4.6%; E-cigarette-Alcohol), (3) primarily marijuana and alcohol users (6.9%; Marijuana-Alcohol), and (4) primarily users of all products (6.9%; All Products). Compared to abstainers, (1) all substance-using classes comprised older students, (2) the All Products and E-cigarette-Alcohol classes were more likely to comprise males and less likely to comprise Blacks, and (3) the Marijuana-Alcohol class was more likely to comprise Blacks and Latinos. Relative to the All Products and E-cigarette-Alcohol classes, the Marijuana-Alcohol class was more likely to comprise females, Blacks, and Latinos. CONCLUSIONS: LCA identified four substance use classes, two of which included elevated e-cigarette use. Class membership differed by age, sex, and race. Additional research should evaluate characteristics that may explain the different product use profiles identified in the current study including cultural differences, peer group norms, and differing perceptions of the harmfulness of each substance. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.02.018 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Morean,Meghan E., Kong,Grace, Camenga,Deepa R., Cavallo,Dana A., Simon,Patricia, Krishnan-Sarin, Suchitra Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Inhaled Toxicants from Waterpipe and Cigarette Smoking	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Public Health Rep Periodical, Abbrev. Public Health Rep. Pub Date Free Form Volume 131 Issue 1 Start Page 76 Other Pages 85 Notes ID: 26843673 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is an emerging trend worldwide. To inform public health policy and educational programming, we systematically reviewed the biomedical literature to compute the inhaled smoke volume, nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide (CO) associated with a single WTS session and a single cigarette. METHODS: We searched seven biomedical bibliographic databases for controlled laboratory or natural environment studies designed to mimic human tobacco consumption. Included studies quantified the mainstream smoke of a single cigarette and/or single WTS session for smoke volume, nicotine, tar, and/or CO. We conducted meta-analyses to calculate summary estimates for the inhalation of each unique substance for each mode of tobacco consumption. We assessed between-study heterogeneity using chi-squared and I-squared statistics. RESULTS: Sufficient data from 17 studies were available to derive pooled estimates for inhalation of each exposure via each smoking method. Two researchers working independently abstracted measurement of smoke volume in liters, and nicotine, tar, and CO in milligrams. All numbers included in meta-analyses matched precisely between the two researchers (100% agreement, Cohen's k=1.00). Whereas one WTS session was associated with 74.1 liters of smoke inhalation (95% confidence interval CI] 38.2, 110.0), one cigarette was associated with 0.6 liters of smoke (95% CI 0.5, 0.7). One WTS session was also associated with higher levels of nicotine, tar, and CO. CONCLUSIONS: One WTS session consistently exposed users to larger smoke volumes and higher levels of tobacco toxicants compared with one cigarette. These computed estimates may be valuable to emphasize in prevention programming. Descriptors Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-26843673 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Primack,Brian A., Carroll,Mary V., Weiss,Patricia M., Shihadeh,Alan L., Shensa,Ariel, Farley,Steven T., Fine,Michael J., Eissenberg,Thomas, Nayak,Smita Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
CaracterÃsticas do uso de produtos derivados do tabaco entre universitÃ¡rios do curso de Odontologia em uma Universidade de Curitiba	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Periodical, Abbrev. Rev.odontol.UNESP (Online) Pub Date Free Form Volume 45 Issue 1 Start Page 7 Other Pages 14 Notes ID: 774580 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language pt SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Abstract Introduction Health care professionals, including dentists, are role models and have great influence on the population they serve. Objective This purpose of this study was two-fold: (1) to examine the prevalence of tobacco use among dental students, and (2) to examine factors associated with use as well as which products were being used by this population. Material and method This was a cross-sectional descriptive study in which the data was collected through an online questionnaire in 2012. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample, chi-square to examine association among variables of interest, and multivariate logistic regression to examine factors associated with tobacco use. Result The prevalence of tobacco use was 24.92%. Waterpipe was the most frequent tobacco product used by participants who endorsed using tobacco products (66.23%) followed by industrialized cigarettes (54.55%). Factors associated with tobacco use included: living alone (p=0.012; OR=2.13; CI=1.17-3.85), socializing with other smokers (p=0.000; OR=3.22; CI=1.75-5.91), and being close to these smokers when they were smoking (p=0.000; OR=6.96; IC=2.37-20.45). Conclusion This study provides relevant information to the development of awareness and capacity building programs tailored to health care professional in higher education with regard to tobacco use.(AU) Descriptors Links http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1807-25772016000100007 Book Title Database LILACS; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors BECKERT,Naiara, MOYSÃ‰S, Simone, CRUZ,Regina, GUTOSKI,LaÃsa, SCARINCI,Isabel Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effects of shisha smoking on carbon monoxide and PM2.5 concentrations in the indoor and outdoor microenvironment of shisha premises	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Sci Total Environ Periodical, Abbrev. Sci.Total Environ. Pub Date Free Form Volume 548-549 Issue Start Page 340 Other Pages 6 Notes ID: 26803732 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract There has been significant rise in shisha premises in the United Kingdom with an unsubstantiated belief that shisha smoking is harmless and relatively safe. This study aimed to assess the public health situation by evaluating the extent of shisha environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure among those that work in, and are customers of shisha businesses. Concentrations of several ETS pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5Âµm (PM2.5) in shisha premises were measured using real-time sensors inside and outside twelve shisha premises and at 5 pubs/restaurants where smoking is prohibited. Mean concentration of CO (7.3Â±2.4mg/m(3)) and PM2.5 (287Â±233Âµg/m(3)) inside active shisha premises was higher than concentrations measured within the vicinity of the shisha premises (CO: 0.9Â±0.7mg/m(3) and PM2.5: 34Â±14Âµg/m(3)) and strongly correlated (PM2.5 R=0.957). Concentrations were higher than indoor concentrations in pubs and restaurants where smoking is not permitted under UK law. The number of shisha pipes was a strong predictor of the PM2.5 concentrations. The study also assessed the risk perception within patrons and managers, with only 25% being aware of the risks associated to shisha smoking. The study identifies owners, employees and consumers within active shisha premises being exposed to concentrations of CO and PM2.5 at levels considered hazardous to human health. The results and outcome of this research serve as a basis to influence a discussion around the need of developing specific policies to protect consumers and employees of such premises. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.093 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Gurung,Gam, Bradley,Janet, Delgado-Saborit, Juana Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The Protective Effect of Selenium on Oxidative Stress Induced by Waterpipe (Narghile) Smoke in Lungs and Liver of Mice	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes ID: 27178166 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language ENG SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Waterpipe smoking is common in the Middle East populations and results in health problems. In this study, we investigated the effects of exposure of mice to waterpipe smoke on oxidative stress in lungs and liver and the effects of selenium administration before smoke exposure on the oxidative stress. Twenty-four mice were divided equally into four groups: (i) the control mice received no exposure or treatment; (ii) mice exposed to waterpipe smoke; (iii) mice received intraperitoneal injection of 0.59Â Âµg selenium/kg body weight as sodium selenite 15Â min before the exposure to waterpipe smoke; and (iv) mice received intraperitoneal injection of 1.78Â Âµg selenium/kg body weight as sodium selenite 15Â min before the exposure to waterpipe smoke. Mice were exposed to waterpipe smoke every other day for four times within 8 successive days. Malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were significantly higher in the lungs and liver, while the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase-1, and catalase were significantly lower in the waterpipe smoke group when compared to control mice. Treating mice with 1.78Â Âµg selenium/kg body weight significantly restored the normal levels of these parameters. Histological examinations of lungs and liver confirmed the protective actions of selenium against the effects of exposure to waterpipe smoke. In conclusion, exposure of mice to waterpipe smoke-induced oxidative stress in lungs and liver. Administration of low level of selenium, 1.78Â Âµg selenium/kg body weight as sodium selenite, exerted protective effects against oxidative stress induced by exposure to waterpipe smoke. Descriptors Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-27178166 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Charab,Mohamad A., Abouzeinab,Noura S., Moustafa,Mohamed E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Acute Effect of Hookah Smoking on the Human Coronary Microcirculation	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Am J Cardiol Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Cardiol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 117 Issue 11 Start Page 1747 Other Pages 54 Notes ID: 27067622 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Hookah (water pipe) smoking is a major new understudied epidemic affecting youth. Because burning charcoal is used to heat the tobacco product, hookah smoke delivers not only nicotine but also large amounts of charcoal combustion products, including carbon-rich nanoparticles that constitute putative coronary vasoconstrictor stimuli and carbon monoxide, a known coronary vasodilator. We used myocardial contrast echocardiography perfusion imaging with intravenous lipid shelled microbubbles in young adult hookah smokers to determine the net effect of smoking hookah on myocardial blood flow. In 9Â hookah smokers (age 27 Â± 5Â years, mean Â± SD), we measured myocardial blood flow velocity (ÃŸ), myocardial blood volume (A), myocardial blood flow (AÂ Ã— ÃŸ) as well as myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) before and immediately after 30Â minutes of ad lib hookah smoking. Myocardial blood flow did not decrease with hookah smoking but rather increased acutely (88 Â± 10 to 120 Â± 19 a.u./s, mean Â± SE, pÂ =Â 0.02), matching a mild increase in MVO2 (6.5 Â± 0.3 to 7.6 Â± 0.4Â mlÂ·minute(-1), p Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.03.007 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Nelson,Michael D., Rezk-Hanna, Mary, Rader,Florian, Mason,O'N, Tang,Xiu, Shidban,Sarah, Rosenberry,Ryan, Benowitz,Neal L., Tashkin,Donald P., Elashoff,Robert M., Lindner,Jonathan R., Victor,Ronald G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Chemical analysis and potential health risks of hookah charcoal	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Sci Total Environ Periodical, Abbrev. Sci.Total Environ. Pub Date Free Form Volume 569-570 Issue Start Page 262 Other Pages 8 Notes ID: 27343945 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Hookah (waterpipe) smoking is a very common practice that has spread globally. There is growing evidence on the hazardous consequences of smoking hookah, with studies indicating that its harmful effects are comparable to cigarette smoking if not worse. Charcoal is commonly used as a heating source for hookah smoke. Although charcoal briquettes are thought to be one of the major contributors to toxicity, their composition and impact on the smoke generated remains largely unidentified. This study aims to analyze the elemental composition of five different raw synthetic and natural charcoals by using Carbon-Hydrogen-Nitrogen (CHN) analysis, inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-Ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS). Elemental analysis showed that the raw charcoals contain heavy metals such as zinc, iron, cadmium, vanadium, aluminum, lead, chromium, manganese and cobalt at concentrations similar, if not higher than, cigarettes. In addition, thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) was used to analyze the chemical composition of the smoke produced from burning the charcoal samples. The smoke emitted from charcoal was found to be the source of numerous compounds which could be hazardous to health. A total of seven carcinogens, 39 central nervous system depressants and 31 respiratory irritants were identified. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.108 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Elsayed,Yehya, Dalibalta,Sarah, Abu-Farha, Nedal Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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