WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Use of electronic cigarettes among secondary and high school students from a socially disadvantaged rural area in Poland	2016	Department of Tobacco Control, Preventive Medicine Department, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9 Str., 90-752, Lodz, Poland. dkaleta@op.pl.; Department of Tobacco Control, Preventive Medicine Department, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskie	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 3-Aug Volume 15 Issue Start Page 703 Other Pages 016-3417-y Notes LR: 20160809; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC4973054; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/02/06 [received]; 2016/06/20 [accepted]; 2016/08/03 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 27488357 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1186/s12889-016-3417-y [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27488357 Abstract BACKGROUND: The use of e-cigarettes has been growing and has become a significant public health concern. Prevention of the youth access to, initiation and continuous use of e-cigarettes with special attention to vulnerable groups is a subject of a health debate. However, still little is known about characteristics of the underage e-cigarette users from different geographic and socio-economic backgrounds as well as other potential factors associated with the use of e-cigarettes, including simultaneous use with tobacco products or alcohol. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with ever and continued e-cigarette use among the secondary and high school students from a socially disadvantaged rural area in Poland. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 3552 students aged 13-19 years from Piotrkowski district. The anonymous, self-administered questionnaire adapted from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey was implemented to collect relevant information. The uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to identify factors associated with ever, current (in the previous 30 days) and continued e-cigarette use. RESULTS: Almost 22 % of the sample reported ever e-cigarettes use and 27 % of the respondents indicated e-cigarettes use in the past month. Boys, in comparison with girls, were more likely to report current e-cigarette use (OR = 1.7; p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kaleta,D., Wojtysiak,P., Polanska,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160803 PMCID PMC4973054 Editors
Smoking Topography Characteristics of Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes, With and Without Nicotine Replacement, in Smokers With Schizophrenia and Controls	2016	Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI jennifer_tidey@brown.edu.; Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI.; Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form 19-Mar Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160812; CI: (c) The Author 2016; GR: K01 CA189300/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 DA036114/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; PMCR: 2017/09/01 00:00; 2015/12/08 [received]; 2016/03/09 [accepted]; 2016/03/19 [aheadofprint]; aheadofpri Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 26995794 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI ntw089 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26995794 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Reducing the nicotine content of cigarettes to a minimally addictive level has been proposed as a regulatory strategy for reducing tobacco dependence. However, smokers with schizophrenia (SS) may be prone to changing their smoking topography in efforts to compensate for the reduction in nicotine content. The aims of this study were to compare smoking topography characteristics of usual-brand and very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes in SS and control smokers without psychiatric illness (CS), and to determine whether nicotine replacement reversed any changes in topography produced by VLNC cigarettes. METHODS: Using a within-subjects, counter-balanced design, SS (n = 27) and CS (n = 23) smoked usual brand cigarettes, VLNC cigarettes while wearing placebo patches (VLNC + PLA), or VLNC cigarettes while wearing transdermal nicotine patches totaling 42mg (VLNC + NIC) during 5-hour ad libitum smoking sessions. Cigarettes were smoked through topography measurement devices. RESULTS: Across conditions, SS smoked more puffs per session and per cigarette, had higher cigarette volumes, and had shorter inter-puff intervals than CS (Ps Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Tidey,J.W., Cassidy,R.N., Miller,M.E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160319 PMCID PMC4978982 Editors
Microbiome and potential targets for chemoprevention of esophageal adenocarcinoma	2016	Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, USA;	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Seminars in oncology Periodical, Abbrev. Semin.Oncol. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 43 Issue 1 Start Page 86 Other Pages 96 Notes LR: 20160315; CI: Published by Elsevier Inc.; GR: R01 CA159036/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01CA159036/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03 CA159414/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03CA159414/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: U01 CA182370/CA/NCI Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1532-8708; 0093-7754 Accession Number PMID: 26970127 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2015.09.005 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26970127 Abstract Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers, with a dismal prognosis. It is increasingly recognized that esophageal cancer is a heterogeneous disease. It can be subdivided into two distinct groups: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, based on histological appearance. In the Western world, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma was considerably higher than esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) until the 1990s when, due to a dramatic increase, the incidence of EA surpassed that of squamous cell carcinoma. EA typically follows a well-established stepwise evolution from chronic inflammation due to reflux esophagitis (RE) that progresses to metaplasia (Barrett's esophagus [BE]) to dysplasia, which often culminates in EA. The pathophysiology of EA is complex and involves diverse factors, including gastroesophageal reflux, gastric acid secretion, dysfunction of the antireflux barrier, gastric emptying disturbances, and abnormalities in esophageal defense mechanisms. The current understanding of the etiology of EA is mainly derived from epidemiological studies of risk factors such as cigarette smoking, obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disorders (GERD), and low fruit and vegetable consumption. Numerous studies have been done, but the factors that drive the dynamic increase in the incidence of EA remain elusive. The advent of widespread antibiotic use occurred in the 1950s, preceding the surge of EA. Based on this temporal sequence, it has been hypothesized that antibiotics alter the microbiome to which the esophagus is exposed in patients who have GERD and that chronic exposure to this abnormal microbiome (ie, changes in species diversity or abundance) accounts for the increase in EA. If changes in the proposed factors alter the stepwise progression (RE-BE-dysplasia-EA), they may represent potential targets for chemoprevention. New discoveries will help improve our understanding of the biology and pathogenesis of these cancers, and aid in finding novel therapeutic targets. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Neto,A.G., Whitaker,A., Pei,Z. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150907 PMCID PMC4789168 Editors
Biodiversity and technological-functional potential of lactic acid bacteria isolated from spontaneously fermented quinoa sourdoughs	2016	Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), S. M. de Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina.; Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biologicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, Tucuman, Argentina.; Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), S. M. de	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of applied microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Appl.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 120 Issue 5 Start Page 1289 Other Pages 1301 Notes CI: (c) 2016; JID: 9706280; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/11/11 [received]; 2016/02/01 [revised]; 2016/02/16 [accepted]; 2016/03/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1365-2672; 1364-5072 Accession Number PMID: 26909667 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1111/jam.13104 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26909667 Abstract AIMS: To analyse lactic acid bacteria (LAB) diversity and technological-functional and safety properties of strains present during spontaneous fermented quinoa sourdoughs. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fermentation was performed by daily backslopping at 30 degrees C for 10 days. Autochthonous LAB microbiota was monitored by a biphasic approach combining random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR and rRNA gene sequencing with PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis. Identification and intraspecies differentiation allowed to group isolates within nine LAB species belonging to four genera. A succession of LAB species occurred during 10-days backslopping; Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis were detected as dominant species in the consortium. The characterization of 15 representative LAB strains was performed based on the acidifying capacity, starch and protein hydrolysis, gamma-aminobutyric acid and exopolysaccharides production, antimicrobial activity and antibiotic resistance. CONCLUSION: Strains characterization led to the selection of Lact. plantarum CRL1905 and Leuconostoc mesenteroides CRL1907 as candidates to be assayed as functional starter culture for the gluten-free (GF) quinoa fermented products. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Results on native LAB microbiota present during quinoa sourdough fermentation will allow the selection of strains with appropriate technological properties to be used as a novel functional starter culture for GF-fermented products. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher The Society for Applied Microbiology Data Source Authors Ruiz Rodriguez,L., Vera Pingitore,E., Rollan,G., Cocconcelli,P.S., Fontana,C., Saavedra,L., Vignolo,G., Hebert,E.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160330 PMCID Editors
E-cigarette use and willingness to smoke: a sample of adolescent non-smokers	2016	Prevention and Control Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii USA.; Cancer Control Research Program, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.; Prevention and Control Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hono	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 25 Issue e1 Start Page e52 Other Pages 9 Notes LR: 20160422; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/; GR: P30 CA071789/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United Stat Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 26261237 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2015-052349 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26261237 Abstract OBJECTIVE: There is little evidence on the consequences of using electronic cigarettes (e-cigarette) in adolescence. With a multiethnic sample of non-smokers, we assessed the relation between e-cigarette use and social-cognitive factors that predict smoking of combustible cigarettes. METHODS: School-based cross-sectional survey of 2309 high school students (mean age 14.7 years). Participants reported on e-cigarette use and cigarette use; on smoking-related cognitions (smoking expectancies, prototypes of smokers) and peer smoker affiliations; and on willingness to smoke cigarettes. Regression analyses conducted for non-cigarette smokers tested the association between e-cigarette use and willingness to smoke cigarettes, controlling for demographics, parenting, academic and social competence, and personality variables. Structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis tested whether the relation between e-cigarette use and willingness to smoke was mediated through any of the three smoking-related variables. RESULTS: Non-smokers who had used e-cigarettes (18% of the total sample) showed more willingness to smoke cigarettes compared with those who had never used any tobacco product; the adjusted OR was 2.35 (95% CI 1.73 to 3.19). SEM showed that the relation between e-cigarette use and willingness to smoke was partly mediated through more positive expectancies about smoking, but there was also a direct path from e-cigarette use to willingness. CONCLUSIONS: Among adolescent non-smokers, e-cigarette use is associated with willingness to smoke, a predictor of future cigarette smoking. The results suggest that use of e-cigarettes by adolescents is not without attitudinal risk for cigarette smoking. These findings have implications for formulation of policy about access to e-cigarettes by adolescents. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wills,T.A., Sargent,J.D., Knight,R., Pagano,I., Gibbons,F.X. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150810 PMCID PMC4840020 Editors
Dominant plasmids carrying extended spectrum beta-lactamases blaCTX-M genes in genetically diverse Escherichia coli from slaughterhouse and urban wastewaters	2016	Toxalim, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.; UMR1282 Infectiologie et Sante Publique, INRA, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.; UMR1282 Infectiologie et Sante Publique, Universite Francois Rabelais de Tours, F-37000, Tours, Fra	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental microbiology reports Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Microbiol.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 12-Jul Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160712; CI: (c) 2016; JID: 101499207; OTO: NOTNLM; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1758-2229; 1758-2229 Accession Number PMID: 27402421 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1111/1758-2229.12440 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27402421 Abstract Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) receiving effluents from food-producing animals and humans may contribute to the spread of ESBL-carrying plasmids. This study was designed to investigate extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistant E. coli strains, CTX-M distributions and the genetic lineage of blaCTX-M -carrying plasmids from urban and slaughterhouse wastewaters. The level of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant E. coli in slaughterhouse wastewater entering the WWTP was negligible compared to that of urban wastewater. The blaCTX-M-1 gene was predominant in slaughterhouse wastewater whereas diverse blaCTX-M genes were encountered in urban wastewater and WWTP outlet. Characterization of the main CTX-M-producing E. coli isolates by antibiotic resistance phenotyping, genotyping and typing of plasmids carrying blaCTX-M genes revealed that blaCTX-M-1 and blaCTX-M-15 genes were harbored by the predominant blaCTX-M-1 IncI1/ST3 and blaCTX-M-15 F31:A4:B1 plasmids, which were recovered from unrelated E. coli genotypes in both slaughterhouse and urban wastewaters. This study highlighted the spread of predominant blaCTX-M-1 and blaCTX-M-15 plasmid lineages in diverse E. coli genotypes from humans and food-producing animals, their mixing in WWTP and final release into the aquatic environment. This could have a serious negative impact on public health and requires further evaluation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd Data Source Authors Dupouy,V., Doublet,B., Arpaillange,N., Praud,K., Bibbal,D., Brugere,H., Oswald,E., Cloeckaert,A., Toutain,P.L., Bousquet-Melou,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160712 PMCID Editors
Leukocyte telomere length in relation to the risk of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma	2016	Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.; Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Depar	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cancer medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Cancer.Med. Pub Date Free Form 6-Jul Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160707; CI: (c) 2016; JID: 101595310; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/01/04 [received]; 2016/04/27 [revised]; 2016/06/02 [accepted]; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 2045-7634; 2045-7634 Accession Number PMID: 27384379 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1002/cam4.810 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27384379 Abstract Chronic inflammation and oxidative damage caused by obesity, cigarette smoking, and chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are major risk factors associated with Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). EAC has been increasing the past few decades, and early discovery and treatment are crucial for survival. Telomere shortening due to cell division and oxidative damage may reflect the impact of chronic inflammation and could possibly be used as predictor for disease development. We examined the prevalence of shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) among individuals with GERD, BE, or EAC using a pooled analysis of studies from the Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON). Telomere length was measured in leukocyte DNA samples by Q-PCR. Participants included 1173 patients (386 with GERD, 384 with EAC, 403 with BE) and 736 population-based controls. The association of LTL (in tertiles) along the continuum of disease progression from GERD to BE to EAC was calculated using study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Shorter LTL were less prevalent among GERD patients (OR 0.57; 95% CI: 0.35-0.93), compared to population-based controls. No statistically significant increased prevalence of short/long LTL among individuals with BE or EAC was observed. In contrast to some earlier reports, our findings add to the evidence that leukocyte telomere length is not a biomarker of risk related to the etiology of EAC. The findings do not suggest a relationship between LTL and BE or EAC. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Data Source Authors Wennerstrom,E.C., Risques,R.A., Prunkard,D., Giffen,C., Corley,D.A., Murray,L.J., Whiteman,D.C., Wu,A.H., Bernstein,L., Ye,W., Chow,W.H., Vaughan,T.L., Liao,L.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160706 PMCID Editors
Health-care Provider Screening and Advice for Smoking Cessation Among Smokers With and Without COPD: 2009-2010 National Adult Tobacco Survey	2016	Carter Consulting, Inc, contractor to Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Electronic address: gschauer@cdc.gov.; Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Pr	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Chest Periodical, Abbrev. Chest Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 149 Issue 3 Start Page 676 Other Pages 684 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2016; JID: 0231335; CIN: Chest. 2016 Mar;149(3):617-8. PMID: 26965965; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/01/12 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1931-3543; 0012-3692 Accession Number PMID: 26291388 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; AIM; IM DOI 10.1378/chest.14-2965 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26291388 Abstract BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is the predominant cause of COPD. Quitting can prevent development of and complications from COPD. The gold standard in clinician delivery of smoking cessation treatments is the 5As (ask, advise, assess, assist, arrange). This study assessed prevalence and correlates of self-reported receipt of the 5A strategies among adult smokers with and without COPD. METHODS: Data were analyzed from 20,021 adult past-year cigarette smokers in the 2009-2010 National Adult Tobacco Survey, a nationally representative telephone survey of US adults 18 years of age and older. Past-year receipt of the 5As was self-reported by participants who saw a clinician in the past year. Logistic regression was used to estimate the likelihood of receipt of each of the 5As by COPD status, adjusted for sociodemographic and smoking characteristics. RESULTS: Among smokers, those with COPD were more likely than those without COPD to report being asked about tobacco use (95.4% vs 85.8%), advised to quit (87.5% vs 59.4%), assessed for readiness to quit (63.8% vs 37.9%), offered any assistance to quit (58.6% vs 34.0%), and offered follow-up (14.9% vs 5.2%). In adjusted logistic regression models, those with COPD were significantly more likely than those without COPD to receive each of the 5As. CONCLUSIONS: Health professionals should continue to prioritize tobacco cessation counseling and treatment to smokers with COPD. Increased system-level changes and insurance coverage for cessation treatments could be used to improve the delivery of brief tobacco cessation counseling to all smokers, regardless of COPD status. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American College of Chest Physicians Data Source Authors Schauer,G.L., Wheaton,A.G., Malarcher,A.M., Croft,J.B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160112 PMCID Editors
Facility-Based Delivery during the Ebola Virus Disease Epidemic in Rural Liberia: Analysis from a Cross-Sectional, Population-Based Household Survey	2016	Medical Team, Last Mile Health, Zwedru, Liberia.; Monitoring and Evaluation Team, Last Mile Health, Zwedru, Liberia.; Monitoring and Evaluation Team, Last Mile Health, Zwedru, Liberia.; Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Bosto	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PLoS medicine Periodical, Abbrev. PLoS Med. Pub Date Free Form 2-Aug Volume 13 Issue 8 Start Page e1002096 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160819; JID: 101231360; OID: NLM: PMC4970816; 2016/08 [ecollection]; 2015/06/11 [received]; 2016/06/17 [accepted]; 2016/08/02 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1549-1676; 1549-1277 Accession Number PMID: 27482706 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002096 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27482706 Abstract BACKGROUND: The Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic has threatened access to basic health services through facility closures, resource diversion, and decreased demand due to community fear and distrust. While modeling studies have attempted to estimate the impact of these disruptions, no studies have yet utilized population-based survey data. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a two-stage, cluster-sample household survey in Rivercess County, Liberia, in March-April 2015, which included a maternal and reproductive health module. We constructed a retrospective cohort of births beginning 4 y before the first day of survey administration (beginning March 24, 2011). We then fit logistic regression models to estimate associations between our primary outcome, facility-based delivery (FBD), and time period, defined as the pre-EVD period (March 24, 2011-June 14, 2014) or EVD period (June 15, 2014-April 13, 2015). We fit both univariable and multivariable models, adjusted for known predictors of facility delivery, accounting for clustering using linearized standard errors. To strengthen causal inference, we also conducted stratified analyses to assess changes in FBD by whether respondents believed that health facility attendance was an EVD risk factor. A total of 1,298 women from 941 households completed the survey. Median age at the time of survey was 29 y, and over 80% had a primary education or less. There were 686 births reported in the pre-EVD period and 212 in the EVD period. The unadjusted odds ratio of facility-based delivery in the EVD period was 0.66 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48-0.90, p-value = 0.010). Adjustment for potential confounders did not change the observed association, either in the principal model (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.70, 95%CI 0.50-0.98, p = 0.037) or a fully adjusted model (AOR = 0.69, 95%CI 0.50-0.97, p = 0.033). The association was robust in sensitivity analyses. The reduction in FBD during the EVD period was observed among those reporting a belief that health facilities are or may be a source of Ebola transmission (AOR = 0.59, 95%CI 0.36-0.97, p = 0.038), but not those without such a belief (AOR = 0.90, 95%CI 0.59-1.37, p = 0.612). Limitations include the possibility of FBD secular trends coincident with the EVD period, recall errors, and social desirability bias. CONCLUSIONS: We detected a 30% decreased odds of FBD after the start of EVD in a rural Liberian county with relatively few cases. Because health facilities never closed in Rivercess County, this estimate may under-approximate the effect seen in the most heavily affected areas. These are the first population-based survey data to show collateral disruptions to facility-based delivery caused by the West African EVD epidemic, and they reinforce the need to consider the full spectrum of implications caused by public health emergencies. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ly,J., Sathananthan,V., Griffiths,T., Kanjee,Z., Kenny,A., Gordon,N., Basu,G., Battistoli,D., Dorr,L., Lorenzen,B., Thomson,D.R., Waters,A., Moore,U.G., Roberts,R., Smith,W.L., Siedner,M.J., Kraemer,J.D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160802 PMCID PMC4970816 Editors
Electronic cigarette use in the European Union: analysis of a representative sample of 27 460 Europeans from 28 countries	2016	Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Kallithea, Greece.; Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Rio, Greece.; Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Rio, Greece.; Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Kallithea, Greece.; UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcoh	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addiction (Abingdon, England) Periodical, Abbrev. Addiction Pub Date Free Form 24-Jun Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160822; CI: (c) 2016; JID: 9304118; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/10/11 [received]; 2016/05/02 [revised]; 2016/06/17 [accepted]; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1360-0443; 0965-2140 Accession Number PMID: 27338716 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1111/add.13506 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27338716 Abstract AIMS: To assess prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, reported changes in smoking status due to e-cigarette use and correlates of e-cigarette use in the European Union (EU) member states in 2014. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of EU citizens representative of the population (Special Eurobarometer 429). SETTING: All 28 Member States of the EU. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 27 460 EU citizens aged >/= 15 years (after excluding those who responded 'Do not know' to the questions about smoking status and e-cigarette use). MEASUREMENTS: Descriptive analysis [%, 95% confidence interval (CI)] of e-cigarette use prevalence (current use, past use and past experimentation) according to smoking status, self-reported changes in smoking status according to patterns of e-cigarette use and logistic regression analysis to examine correlates of e-cigarette use, especially socio-demographic factors and smoking status. FINDINGS: Ever e-cigarette use was reported by 31.1% (95% CI = 30.0-32.2%) of current smokers, 10.8% (95% CI = 10.0-11.7%) of former smokers and 2.3% (95% CI = 2.1-2.6%) of never smokers. Past experimentation [7.2% (95% CI = 6.9-7.5%)] was more common than current [1.8% (95% CI = 1.6-1.9%)] and past use [2.6% (95% CI = 2.4-2.8%)]. Extrapolated to the whole population, approximately 48.5 million EU citizens were ever e-cigarette users, with 76.8% using nicotine-containing e-cigarettes. An estimated 6.1 and 9.2 million EU citizens had quit and reduced smoking with the help of e-cigarettes, respectively. Initiation with e-cigarettes was reported by 0.8% (95% CI = 0.6-0.9%) of participants who reported ever use of any tobacco-related product. Only 1.3% (95% CI = 1.1-1.5%) of never smokers used nicotine-containing e-cigarettes, with 0.09% (95% CI = 0.04-0.14%) reporting daily nicotine use. Smoking cessation with the help of e-cigarettes was reported by 35.1% (95% CI = 30.7-39.5%) of current e-cigarette users, while a further 32.2% (95% CI = 29.9-36.5%) reported smoking reduction. Being current [odds ratio (OR) = 21.23, 95% CI = 18.32-24.59) or former smokers (OR = 6.49, 95% CI = 5.49-7.67) were the strongest correlates of ever e-cigarette use. CONCLUSIONS: E-cigarette use in the European Union appears to be largely confined to current or former smokers, while current use and nicotine use by people who have never smoked is rare. More than one-third of current e-cigarette users polled reported smoking cessation and reduction. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society for the Study of Addiction Data Source Authors Farsalinos,K.E., Poulas,K., Voudris,V., Le Houezec,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160624 PMCID Editors

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