WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Diversity, dynamics, and activity of bacterial communities during production of an artisanal Sicilian cheese as evaluated by 16S rRNA analysis	2002	Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, 6703 CT Wageningen, The Netherlands.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Applied and Environmental Microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Appl.Environ.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 68 Issue 4 Start Page 1882 Other Pages 1892 Notes LR: 20140612; JID: 7605801; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); OID: NLM: PMC123848; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0099-2240; 0099-2240 Accession Number PMID: 11916708 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11916708 Abstract The diversity and dynamics of the microbial communities during the manufacturing of Ragusano cheese, an artisanal cheese produced in Sicily (Italy), were investigated by a combination of classical and culture-independent approaches. The latter included PCR, reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR), and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rRNA genes (rDNA). Bacterial and Lactobacillus group-specific primers were used to amplify the V6 to V8 and V1 to V3 regions of the 16S rRNA gene, respectively. DGGE profiles from samples taken during cheese production indicated dramatic shifts in the microbial community structure. Cloning and sequencing of rDNA amplicons revealed that mesophilic lactic acid bacteria (LAB), including species of Leuconostoc, Lactococcus lactis, and Macrococcus caseolyticus were dominant in the raw milk, while Streptococcus thermophilus prevailed during lactic fermentation. Other thermophilic LAB, especially Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus fermentum, also flourished during ripening. Comparison of the rRNA-derived patterns obtained by RT-PCR to the rDNA DGGE patterns indicated a substantially different degree of metabolic activity for the microbial groups detected. Identification of cultivated LAB isolates by phenotypic characterization and 16S rDNA analysis indicated a variety of species, reflecting to a large extent the results obtained from the 16S rDNA clone libraries, with the significant exception of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii species, which dominated in the ripening cheese but was not detected by cultivation. The present molecular approaches combined with culture can effectively describe the complex ecosystem of natural fermented dairy products, giving useful information for starter culture design and preservation of artisanal fermented food technology. Descriptors Cheese/microbiology, Colony Count, Microbial, DNA, Bacterial/analysis, Ecosystem, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel/methods, Genetic Variation, Gram-Positive Bacteria/classification/genetics/isolation & purification, Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Randazzo,C. L., Torriani,S., Akkermans,A. D., de Vos,W. M., Vaughan,E. E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC123848 Editors
Risk indicators for periodontal disease in a remote Canadian community--a dental practice-based study	2002	Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of public health dentistry Periodical, Abbrev. J.Public Health Dent. Pub Date Free Form Winter Volume 62 Issue 1 Start Page 51 Other Pages 56 Notes LR: 20091111; JID: 0014207; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0022-4006; 0022-4006 Accession Number PMID: 14700090 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; D; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 14700090 Abstract OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify risk markers and risk indicators for periodontal attachment loss in a remote Canadian community. Of special interest was the association between smoking and periodontal disease experience. METHODS: Data were collected from a convenience sample of 187 adult patients attending a dental office in a rural community located in Northern Ontario. Information was obtained via a questionnaire and a periodontal examination. The questionnaire included the use of dental services, self-care behaviors, general health status, smoking, and personal characteristics. Periodontal health was assessed using the mean periodontal attachment loss (MPAL), measured at two sites on all remaining teeth and the proportions of sites examined with loss of 2 mm or more and 5 mm or more. Plaque scores and measures of the number of missing teeth also were obtained. The relationships between mean periodontal attachment loss, the proportion of sites with 5 mm or more of loss and independent variables such as age, sex, current smoking status, mean tooth plaque scores, flossing frequency, and regularity of preventive dental visits were examined in bivariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The data revealed a mean periodontal attachment loss of 3.9 mm (SD=1.5). The mean proportion of sites examined with loss of 2 mm or more was 0.89 and the mean proportion with loss of 5 mm or more was 0.35. In linear regression analysis, plaque scores, the number of missing teeth, age, current smoking status, regularity of dental visits, and flossing frequency had statistically significant independent effects and explained 60.0 percent of the variance in mean periodontal attachment loss. Just over 30 percent of subjects had severe periodontal disease, defined as 50 percent or more of sites examined with loss of 5 mm or more. In logistic regression analysis, missing teeth, dental visiting, smoking status, age, and flossing frequency had significant independent effects. The strongest association observed was with smoking, which had an odds ratio of 6.3. The logistic regression model correctly predicted 64.3 percent of cases with severe disease. CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate that the periodontal health of these patients is poor. Risk indicators or markers of poor periodontal health in the population studied included missing teeth, plaque scores, age, current smoking status, regularity of dental visits, and flossing frequency. This supports previous findings that behavioral factors play an important role in periodontal disease. Descriptors Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dental Care/utilization, Dental Devices, Home Care, Dental Plaque Index, Female, Health Behavior, Health Status, Humans, Linear Models, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Ontario, Oral Hygiene, Periodontal Attachment Loss/etiology, Periodontal Index, Risk Assessment, Rural Health, Smoking/adverse effects, Tooth Loss/classification Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Sbaraglia,M., Turnbull,R. S., Locker,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Levels of maximum end-expiratory carbon monoxide and certain cardiovascular parameters following hubble-bubble smoking	2002	Shafagoj, Y.A., Dept. of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Saudi medical journal Periodical, Abbrev. Saudi Med.J. Pub Date Free Form 2002/08 Volume 23 Issue 8 Start Page 953 Other Pages 958 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0379-5284 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Objective: The physiological effects of cigarette smoking have been widely studied, however, little is known regarding the effects of smoking hubble-bubble. We examined the acute effects of hubble-bubble smoking on heart rate, systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure and maximum end-expiratory carbon monoxide. Methods: This study was carried out in, in the student laboratory, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, during the summer of 1999. In 18 healthy habitual hubble-bubble smokers, heart rate, blood pressure, and maximum end-expiratory carbon monoxide was measured before, during and post smoking of one hubble-bubble run (45 minutes). Results: Compared to base line (time zero), at the end of smoking heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, and maximum end-expiratory carbon monoxide were increased 16 Â± 2.4 beats per minute, 6.7 Â± 2.5 mm Hg, 4.4 Â± 1.6 mm Hg, 5.2 Â± 1.7 mm Hg, and 14.2 Â± 1.8 ppm, (mean Â± standard error of mean, P<.05). Conclusions: Acute short-term active hubble-bubble smoking elicits a modest increase in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure and maximum end-expiratory carbon monoxide in healthy hubble-bubble smokers. Descriptors carbon monoxide, adult, article, blood pressure, cardiovascular parameters, controlled study, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, human, human experiment, Jordan, laboratory, male, mean arterial pressure, normal human, smoking, summer, systolic blood pressure, university Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Shafagoj,Y. A., Mohammed,F. I. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Hubble-bubble (water pipe) smoking: Levels of nicotine and cotinine in plasma, saliva and urine	2002	Shafagoj, Y.A., Dept. of Physiology/Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Clin.Pharmacol.Ther. Pub Date Free Form 2002/ Volume 40 Issue 6 Start Page 249 Other Pages 255 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0946-1965 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to assess the levels of nicotine and cotinine in biological fluids (plasma, saliva, and urine) following hubble-bubble (HB) smoking. Methods: Fourteen healthy male volunteers, aged 28 Â± 8 years, body weight of 82.7 Â± 13.53 kg, participated in the study. All volunteers were habitual HB smokers for 3.29 Â± 1.90 years who smoked at least 3 runs per week with an average of 20 g Mua'sel per run. Volunteers were requested to avoid smoking, at least 84 hours prior to the time of the study. After baseline samples were taken, volunteers started smoking 20 g of Mua'sel for a period of 45 minutes. Heparinized blood samples (5 or 10 ml each) were drawn for nicotine and cotinine analysis before, during and after the smoking period. Saliva samples were collected just before smoking (time 0) and at the end of smoking (45 min). Urine also was collected at time 0 and 24-hour urine collection was also taken to measure nicotine and cotinine excretion. Nicotine and cotinine were extracted from samples and assayed by gas chromatography. All data are presented as mean Â± SEM throughout the text, Tables and Figures unless indicated otherwise. Results: Plasma nicotine levels rose from 1.11 Â± 0.62 ng/ml at baseline to a maximum of 60.31 Â± 7.58 ng/ml (p <0.001) at the end of smoking (45 min). Plasma cotinine levels increased from 0.79 Â± 0.79 ng/ml at baseline to its highest concentration of 51.95 Â± 13.58 ng/ml (p < 0.001) 3 hours following the end of smoking. Saliva nicotine levels significantly rose from 1.05 Â± 0.72 to 624.74 Â± 149.3 ng/ml and also saliva cotinine levels significantly increased from 0.79 Â± 0.79 ng/ml to 283.49 Â± 75.04 ng/ml. Mean amounts of nicotine and cotinine excreted in urine during the 24-hour urine collection following smoking were equal to 73.59 Â± 18.28 and 249 Â± 54.78 Î¼g, respectively. Conclusion: Following a single run of HB smoking, plasma, saliva and urinary nicotine and cotinine concentration increased to high values. This observation suggests that HB may not be an innocent habit, as people believe. Descriptors cotinine, heparin, nicotine, adult, article, blood analysis, blood level, body fluid, body weight, controlled study, gas chromatography, human, male, normal human, saliva level, smoking, smoking cessation, tobacco, urinalysis, urinary excretion, urine level, volunteer Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Shafagoj,Y. A., Mohammed,F. I., Hadidi,K. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The Po River Delta (north Italy) indoor epidemiological study: effects of pollutant exposure on acute respiratory symptoms and respiratory function in adults	2002	Department of Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Ferrara, CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Archives of Environmental Health Periodical, Abbrev. Arch.Environ.Health Pub Date Free Form Mar-Apr Volume 57 Issue 2 Start Page 130 Other Pages 136 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 0212627; 0 (Oxidants, Photochemical); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); S7G510RUBH (Nitrogen Dioxide); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0003-9896; 0003-9896 Accession Number PMID: 12194158 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; AIM; IM DOI 10.1080/00039890209602928 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 12194158 Abstract The authors studied the effects of relatively low doses of nitrogen dioxide and respirable suspended particulate matter (i.e., < 2.5 mu) on acute respiratory symptoms and on peak expiratory flow in 383 adults (15-72 yr of age) who lived in the Po River Delta area, located near Venice. During 2 wk-1 wk in winter and 1 wk in summer--the authors monitored each participant's house to measure nitrogen dioxide (in parts per billion) and respirable suspended particulate (microgram/m3) concentration. Information on sex, age, height, weight, daily activity patterns, active and passive smoking, chronic respiratory diseases, daily peak expiratory flow, and presence of acute respiratory symptoms during the weeks monitoring occurred were also collected. Peak expiratory flow variation was studied as mean amplitude percentage (i.e., amplitude/mean) and percentage of diurnal variation (maximum/minimum). The exposure indices to nitrogen dioxide (nitrogen dioxide--index of exposure) and to respirable suspended particulate matter (respirable suspended particulate matter-index of exposure) were computed as the product of pollutant concentration and time of exposure. The authors considered indices as "low" or "high" on the basis of the median value. The median nitrogen dioxide was 20 ppb in winter and 14 ppb in summer; the highest nitrogen dioxide levels occurred in the kitchen in the winter (33 ppb) and summer (20 ppb). The median respirable suspended particulate matter was 68 micrograms/m3 in winter and 45 micrograms/m3 in summer. Only in winter were there significant associations between bronchitic/asthmatic symptoms and "high" nitrogen dioxide and respirable suspended particulate matter indices. In subjects who did not smoke, a significant influence of the "high" respirable suspended particulate matter-index of exposure was also observed in summer. With respect to peak expiratory flow and its variability, respirable suspended particulate matter-index of exposure was associated with an increase of both amplitude/mean and maximum/mean; however, with respect to the nitrogen dioxide--index of exposure, the association was significant only in subjects with chronic respiratory diseases (i.e., asthma and bronchitis). These relationships were significant only in winter. In conclusion, the results of the current study indicate that there is an association between relatively low doses of pollutants and acute respiratory symptoms and peak expiratory flow in adults. Descriptors Acute Disease, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects/analysis, Chronic Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Monitoring/methods, Epidemiological Monitoring, Female, Humans, Inhalation Exposure/adverse effects/analysis, Italy/epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis/poisoning, Oxidants, Photochemical/analysis/poisoning, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, Residence Characteristics/statistics & numerical data, Respiratory Tract Diseases/chemically induced/diagnosis/epidemiology, Seasons, Time Factors, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects/analysis, Urban Health Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Simoni,M., Carrozzi,L., Baldacci,S., Scognamiglio,A., Di Pede,F., Sapigni,T., Viegi,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Negative effects of passive smoking on the (unborn) child	2002	Erasmus Medisch Centrum, Sophia Kinderziekenhuis, afd. Longziekten, Postbus 2060, 3000 CB Rotterdam.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde Periodical, Abbrev. Ned.Tijdschr.Geneeskd. Pub Date Free Form 23-Feb Volume 146 Issue 8 Start Page 356 Other Pages 359 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 0400770; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); CIN: Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2002 Apr 20;146(16):782-3; author reply 783. PMID: 11998360; CIN: Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2002 Apr 20;146(16):782; author reply 782. PMID: 11998361; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 0028-2162; 0028-2162 Accession Number PMID: 11887620 Language dut SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11887620 Abstract The negative effects of passive smoking on the health of the foetus or child continue to receive little attention, despite the large volume of research in this area. Passive smoking during pregnancy is associated with low birth weight, a reduction in head circumference at birth, and a far higher incidence of sudden infant death syndrome. Exposure to cigarette smoke also leads to a decreased lung function, an increased risk of severe infections, including respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis, meningococcal disease and middle ear infections. There is no association between passive smoking and the development of allergic asthma, but passive smoking does cause an increase in the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in children with or without asthma. Finally, there is a relation between passive smoking and behavioural disorders including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Passive smoking before birth seems even more harmful than after birth. A causal relationship is suggested in most studies, or has been proven by animal experiments. A decreased birth weight in general increases the risk of developing chronic diseases as an adult, such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This extensive knowledge about the adverse health effects of smoke exposure in (unborn) children deserves greater attention in the counselling of pregnant women, and in anti-smoking campaigns. Descriptors Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/etiology, Communicable Diseases/etiology, Female, Humans, Infant, Low Birth Weight/physiology, Infant, Newborn, Lung Diseases/etiology, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/etiology, Sudden Infant Death/etiology, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hofhuis,W., Merkus,P. J., de Jongste,J. C. Original/Translated Title Nadelige effecten van passief roken op het (ongeboren) kind URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Real-time measurement of indoor particulate matter originating from environmental tobacco smoke: a pilot study	2002	Istituto senza fumo, Istituto nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori, Milano. giovanni.invernizzi@novanet.it	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Epidemiologia e prevenzione Periodical, Abbrev. Epidemiol.Prev. Pub Date Free Form Jan-Feb Volume 26 Issue 1 Start Page 30 Other Pages 34 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 8902507; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication Italy ISSN/ISBN 1120-9763; 1120-9763 Accession Number PMID: 11942144 Language ita SubFile Comparative Study; English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11942144 Abstract Short-term measurement of suspended particulate matter has been recently made possible since the release of laser-operating portable instruments. Data of a pilot study of field evaluation of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) with a portable instrument are reported. We analysed the concentrations of total suspended particle (TSP) and of the fine particles PM10, PM7, PM2.5 and PM1 released indoor from a single cigarette, and their levels inside smoking- and non-smoking-areas of a restaurant. The results indicate that ETS creates high level indoor particulate pollution, with concentrations of PM10 exceeding air quality standards. This kind of field evaluation could allow a more careful assessing of short-term exposure to ETS and its relevance to public health. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Humans, Pilot Projects, Public Health, Time Factors, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Invernizzi,G., Ruprecht,A., Mazza,R., Majno,E., Rossetti,E., Paredi,P., Boffi,R. Original/Translated Title La misurazione in tempo reale del particolato fine prodotto da fumo di sigaretta negli ambienti indoor: risultati di uno studio pilota URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
A pilot study of three methods for the reduction of bacterial contamination of dental unit water systems in routine use	2002	Jatzwauk, L., Dept. for Hospital Infection Control, Universitatsklinik der TU Dresden, D-01307 Dresden, Germany	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of hygiene and environmental health Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Hyg.Environ.Health Pub Date Free Form 2002/ Volume 204 Issue 6-May Start Page 303 Other Pages 308 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1438-4639 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Three different methods for minimizing the bacterial contamination of the water system in a SIRONA C2 type dental unit were investigated sequentially. Without any decontamination method, water from the hand piece, air-water-jet and mouthwash were continuously contaminated by 10³ to 10⁵ colony forming units (cfu) of aerobic mesophilic bacteria per milliliter. A reduction to below 100 cfu/ml was achieved by continuous adding of a chemical microbicide based on hydrogen peroxide and silver ions. However, this was only possible after rinsing the system thoroughly for at least two minutes after interruptions of the treatment. Long-lasting low counts of below 100/ml were obtained by means of an in-line bacteria filter, in connection with the provision of a thermo-chemical or thermal decontamination of the water pipes and hand pieces after the filter. The electrolyte release of chlorine from the dental unit tap water by anodic oxidation without addition of any chemical disinfectant also resulted in continuously low colony numbers of the water. In this case, regular decontamination of the end parts of the pipes and hand pieces was not necessary. Descriptors hydrogen peroxide, silver derivative, aerobic bacterium, article, bacterial count, bacterium colony, culture medium, environmental sanitation, hospital waste, intermethod comparison, oxidation, physical chemistry, pilot study, waste water management Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Jatzwauk,L., Reitemeier,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Marine fisheries in Tanzania	2002	Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar. jiddawi@ims.udsm.ac.tz	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Ambio Periodical, Abbrev. Ambio Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 31 Issue 8-Jul Start Page 518 Other Pages 527 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 0364220; ppublish Place of Publication Sweden ISSN/ISBN 0044-7447; 0044-7447 Accession Number PMID: 12572817 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 12572817 Abstract Fishery resources are a vital source of food and make valuable economic contributions to the local communities involved in fishery activities along the 850 km stretch of the Tanzania coastline and numerous islands. Small-scale artisanal fishery accounts for the majority of fish catch produced by more than 43 000 fishermen in the country, mainly operating in shallow waters within the continental shelf, using traditional fishing vessels including small boats, dhows, canoes, outrigger canoes and dinghys. Various fishing techniques are applied using uncomplicated passive fishing gears such as basket traps, fence traps, nets as well as different hook and line techniques. Species composition and size of the fish varies with gear type and location. More than 500 species of fish are utilized for food with reef fishes being the most important category including emperors, snappers, sweetlips, parrotfish, surgeonfish, rabbitfish, groupers and goatfish. Most of the fish products are used for subsistence purposes. However, some are exported. Destructive fishing methods such as drag nets and dynamite fishing pose a serious problem as they destroy important habitats for fish and other organisms, and there is a long-term trend of overharvested fishery resources. However, fishing pressure varies within the country as fishery resources are utilized in a sustainable manner in some areas. For this report more than 340 references about Tanzanian fishery and fish ecology were covered. There are many gaps in terms of information needed for successful fishery management regarding both basic and applied research. Most research results have been presented as grey literature (57%) with limited distribution; only one-fifth were scientific publications in international journals. Descriptors Animals, Anthozoa, Commerce, Conservation of Natural Resources, Data Collection, Environmental Monitoring, Fisheries, Fishes, Humans, Population Dynamics, Ships, Tanzania Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jiddawi,N. S., Ohman,M. C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Study of High- and Low- Current-Configuration Homes from the 1988 Denver Childhood Cancer Study	2002	Kaune, W.T., Richland, WA 99352, United States	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Bioelectromagnetics Periodical, Abbrev. Bioelectromagnetics Pub Date Free Form / Volume 23 Issue 3 Start Page 177 Other Pages 188 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0197-8462 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract An epidemiological study conducted by Savitz et al. reported that residential wire codes were more strongly associated with childhood cancer than were measured magnetic fields, a peculiar result because wire codes were originally developed to be a surrogate for residential magnetic fields. The primary purpose of the study reported here, known as the Back to Denver (BTD) study, was to obtain data to help in the interpretation of the original results of Savitz et al. The BTD study included 81 homes that had been occupied by case and control subjects of Savitz et al., stratified by wire code as follows: 18 high current configuration (HCC) case homes; 20 HCC control homes; 20 low current configuration (LCC) case homes; and 23 LCC control homes. Analysis of new data acquired in these homes led to the following previously unpublished conclusions. The home-averaged (i.e., mean of fields measured in subjects' bedrooms, family/living rooms, and rooms where meals normally eaten) spot 60 Hz, 180 Hz, and harmonic (i.e., 60-420 Hz) magnetic fields were associated with wire codes. The 180 Hz and harmonic components, but not the 60 Hz component, were associated with case/control status. Measured static magnetic fields were only weakly correlated (r â‰ˆ 0.2) between rooms in homes. The BTD data provide little support for, but are too sparse to definitively test, the 1995 resonance hypothesis proposed by Bowman et al. Case and control homes had similar concentrations of copper in their tap water. Copper concentration was not associated with wire codes nor with the level of electric current carried by a home's water pipe. These results of the BTD study suggest that future case/control studies investigating power frequency magnetic fields might wish to include measurements of 180 Hz or harmonic magnetic fields in order to examine their associations (if any) with disease status. Â© 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Descriptors copper, tap water, article, case control study, child, childhood cancer, concentration (parameters), controlled study, correlation analysis, electric current, electricity, home, human, magnetic field, pipeline, priority journal, United States, water quality Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Kaune,W. T., Dovan,T., Kavet,R. I., Savitz,D. A., Neutra,R. R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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