Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year Sort ascending | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Right-to-left shunt and risk of decompression illness with cochleovestibular and cerebral symptoms in divers: case control study in 101 consecutive dive accidents | 2003 | Military Teaching Hospital, Service de Reanimation, Toulon-Naval, France. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Critical Care Medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Crit.Care Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Jan
Volume
31
Issue
1
Start Page
84
Other Pages
88
Notes
LR: 20041117; JID: 0355501; CIN: Crit Care Med. 2003 Jul;31(7):2083. PMID: 12847414; CIN: Crit Care Med. 2004 Sep;32(9):1983; author reply 1983. PMID: 15343047; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
0090-3493; 0090-3493
Accession Number
PMID: 12544998
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; AIM; IM
DOI
10.1097/01.CCM.0000038040.42972.81 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
12544998
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the role of right-to-left shunt with standardized transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in a large population of divers referred for symptoms of decompression illness. DESIGN: Case series compared with a control group. SETTING: Military teaching hospital, hyperbaric unit. PATIENTS: Patients were 101 consecutive divers with clinical evidence of decompression illness and a control group of 101 healthy divers. INTERVENTION: Specification of the type of decompression illness involved and detection/evaluation of right-to-left shunt by standardized transcranial Doppler. The degree of right-to-left shunt was defined as major if the number of high-intensity transient signals in the middle cerebral artery was >20. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We evaluated the odds ratios by logistic regression analysis with vs. without right-to-left shunt for subjects with cochleovestibular symptoms, cerebral decompression illness, spinal decompression illness, and Caisson sickness. Of the 101 divers presenting with decompression illness, transcranial Doppler detected a right-to-left shunt in 59 (58.4%), whereas control subjects demonstrated a right-to-left shunt in 25 cases (24.8%; odds ratio, 4.3; 95% confidence interval, 2.3-7.8; p=.09). When a right-to-left shunt was detected, the right-to-left shunt was major in 12 of 25 patients in the control group and in 49 of 59 patients in the decompression illness group (odds ratio, 8.7; 95% confidence interval, 4.2-18.0; p<.001). Within the decompression illness group, the proportion of major right-to-left shunt was 24 of 34 (odds ratio, 29.7; 95% confidence interval, 10.0-87.2; p<.0001) in the cochleovestibular subgroup, 13 of 21 (odds ratio, 24.1, 95% confidence interval, 6.8-86.0, p< 0.0001) in the cerebral decompression illness subgroup, ten of 31 (odds ratio, 3.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-10.3; p<.01) in the spinal decompression illness subgroup, and two of two (odds ratio, 1.1; 95% confidence interval, 0.2-5.7; p=.9) in the subgroup of divers with Caisson sickness. CONCLUSION: Based on our results, we conclude that major right-to-left shunt was associated with an increased incidence of cochleovestibular and cerebral decompression illness, suggesting paradoxical embolism as a potential mechanism.
Descriptors
Adult, Case-Control Studies, Cochlear Diseases/epidemiology/etiology, Decompression Sickness/epidemiology/etiology/ultrasonography, Diving/injuries, Embolism, Paradoxical/complications, Female, France/epidemiology, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications/ultrasonography, Humans, Incidence, Logistic Models, Male, Risk, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial, Vestibular Diseases/epidemiology/etiology
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cantais,E., Louge,P., Suppini,A., Foster,P. P., Palmier,B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Long-term exposure of Sitka spruce seedlings to trichloroacetic acid | 2003 | Cape, J.N., Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 OQB, United Kingdom | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental Science and Technology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Sci.Technol.
Pub Date Free Form
2003/07
Volume
37
Issue
13
Start Page
2953
Other Pages
2957
Notes
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
0013-936X
Accession Number
Language
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) has been implicated as an airborne pollutant responsible for adverse effects on forest health. There is considerable debate as to whether TCA observed in trees and forest soils is derived from atmospheric deposition or from in situ production. This experiment reports the results from treating 4-year-old Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr) plants in a greenhouse over a growing season with TCA supplied either to the soil or to the foliage at concentrations of 10 and 100 ng mL-1. Similar uptake of TCA by needles was observed for both modes of treatment, with significant accumulation of TCA (300 ng g-1 dry wt) at the higher concentration. Larger concentrations in stem tissue were seen for the foliar-applied TCA (280 ng g-1) than for the soil-applied TCA (70 ng g-1), suggesting that direct stem uptake may be important. Six months after treatments stopped, TCA concentrations in the needles of plants exposed to 100 ng mL-1 TCA were still enhanced, showing that biological degradation of TCA in needles was slow over the winter. By contrast, no significant enhancement of TCA in soil could be detected in the directly treated soils even during the experiment. The protein content of needles treated with the higher concentration of TCA by either route was significantly smaller than for the controls, but there was no effect of TCA on the conjugation of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene in roots nor on the conjugation of 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene in needles.
Descriptors
1 chloro 2,4 dinitrobenzene, 1,2 dichloro 4 nitrobenzene, trichloroacetic acid, air pollutant, air pollution, article, atmospheric deposition, biodegradation, concentration (parameters), conjugation, controlled study, foliage, forest, forest soil, greenhouse, long term exposure, nonhuman, plant growth, plant root, plant stem, pollution transport, protein content, seedling, sitka spruce, winter
Links
Book Title
Database
Embase; MEDLINE
Publisher
Data Source
Embase
Authors
Cape,J. N., Reeves,N. M., Schröder,P., Heal,M. R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Effect of smoking reduction on later cessation: a pilot experimental study | 2003 | Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Burlington, VT, USA. carpenter@musc.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
5
Issue
2
Start Page
155
Other Pages
162
Notes
LR: 20151119; GR: DA 00450/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: DA 07242/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: DA 11557/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); CIN: Nicotine Tob Res. 2003 Apr;5(2):141-4. PMID
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1462-2203; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 12745487
Language
eng
SubFile
Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM
DOI
V9A2243679FULKWK [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
12745487
Abstract
It is unclear whether reducing the number of cigarettes in smokers not trying to quit increases or decreases the likelihood of future quitting. In a pilot study, smokers not currently interested in quitting (n=67) were randomized to two groups. Experimental participants received behavioral treatment and nicotine replacement therapy (choice of gum, patch, or inhaler) to reduce smoking by 50% over 4 weeks, followed by brief advice to quit. Usual-care participants received only brief advice to quit and nicotine replacement if they decided to quit. During the 4-week treatment period, nonabstaining reduction participants decreased from 23 to 14 cigarettes per day (p<.01) and maintained their reduction over the 6-month follow-up period. At the 6-month follow-up, 35% of usual-care and 41% of reduction participants (nonsignificant [ns]) moved forward in their stage of change. Over the 6 months, 34% of usual-care participants had at least one 24-h quit attempt, compared with 25% of reduction participants (ns). A total of 9% of usual-care participants remained quit at 6 months vs. 13% in the reduction group (ns). These preliminary results suggest that adding a reduction option neither increases nor undermines interest in cessation. Higher than expected rates of attempted cessation and quitting in the usual-care group suggest that we recruited smokers whose motivation to quit was above average. Thus, a replication test in a less-motivated group of smokers is needed.
Descriptors
Administration, Cutaneous, Adult, Behavior Therapy/methods, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Incidence, Male, Motivation, Nicotine/administration & dosage, Nicotinic Agonists/administration & dosage, Pilot Projects, Smoking/prevention & control/therapy, Smoking Cessation/methods, Time Factors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Carpenter,M. J., Hughes,J. R., Keely,J. P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Characterization of biofilm formation by clinical isolates of Mycobacterium avium | 2003 | Bermudez, L.E., Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Kuzell Institute, CA Pac. Med. Ctr. Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of medical microbiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Med.Microbiol.
Pub Date Free Form
2003/09
Volume
52
Issue
9
Start Page
747
Other Pages
752
Notes
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
0022-2615
Accession Number
Language
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium is an environmental organism encountered in natural and urban water sources as well as soil. M. avium biofilm has recently been identified on sauna walls and in city water pipes and might have a role in the survival of virulent strains in the environment and in the host. To characterize the M. avium biofilm, an in vitro model was adapted wherein biofilm develops on a PVC surface. Biofilm was detected by staining with crystal violet and visualization by optical microscopy and quantified by A 570. M. avium strains MAC 101, MAC 100, MAC 104, MAC 109, MAC A5 and MAC 5501 (all isolated from the blood of AIDS patients) were used in the assays. Biofilm formation was dependent on the presence of Ca2+, Mg 2+ or Zn2+ ions in the water, with the maximal effect seen at a concentration of 1 μM. The presence of 2% glucose and peptone as sources of carbon increased the formation of biofilm, while this was partially inhibited by humic acid. Since sliding motility has been associated with the amount of glycopeptidolipid (GPL), TLC was used to determine the presence of GPL. The supernatant of a biofilm-forming culture induced formation of a stable biofilm and amikacin blocked the establishment of biofilm by M. avium strains at subinhibitory concentrations. Bacteria in the biofilm were more resistant to chlorine as well as to exposure to potassium monopersulfate and chloroheximide acetate than were planktonic bacteria. Identification of M. avium genes involved in biofilm formation and further studies of the effect of antimicrobials on the establishment of biofilm may identify approaches for inhibiting M. avium biofilm formation and colonization.
Descriptors
amikacin, calcium ion, chlorine, glucose, glycopeptidolipid, humic acid, lipid, manganese, peptone, peroxymonosulfate potassium, sulfate, unclassified drug, zinc ion, article, bacterial strain, bacterium isolate, biofilm, carbon source, concentration response, controlled study, gene identification, Mycobacterium avium, nonhuman, priority journal
Links
Book Title
Database
Embase; MEDLINE
Publisher
Data Source
Embase
Authors
Carter,G., Wu,M., Drummond,D. C., Bermudez,L. E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Water flow measurement in large bore pipes: an experimental comparison between two different types of insertion flowmeters. | 2003 | Cascetta, F., DETEC, University of Naples Federico II, Italy. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
ISA transactions
Periodical, Abbrev.
ISA Trans.
Pub Date Free Form
/
Volume
42
Issue
2
Start Page
171
Other Pages
179
Notes
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
0019-0578
Accession Number
Language
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
In this paper the metrological behavior of two different insertion flowmeters (magnetic and turbine types) in large water pipes is described. A master-slave calibration was carried out in order to estimate the overall uncertainty of the tested meters. The experimental results show that (i) the magnetic insertion tested flowmeter performs the claimed accuracy (+/- 2%) within all the flow range (20:1); (ii) the insertion turbine tested meter, instead, reaches the claimed accuracy just in the upper zone of the flow range.
Descriptors
article
Links
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE
Publisher
Data Source
Embase
Authors
Cascetta,F., Palombo,A., Scalabrini,G.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Specialized intestinal metaplasia of the distal esophagus in gastroesophageal reflux disease: prevalence and clinico-demographic features | 2003 | Hospital de Clinicas, Universidade Federal do Parana. lrcaum7@bol.com.br | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Arquivos de Gastroenterologia
Periodical, Abbrev.
Arq.Gastroenterol.
Pub Date Free Form
Oct-Dec
Volume
40
Issue
4
Start Page
220
Other Pages
226
Notes
LR: 20061115; JID: 15310600R; 2004/05/31 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Brazil
ISSN/ISBN
0004-2803; 0004-2803
Accession Number
PMID: 15264043
Language
por
SubFile
English Abstract; Journal Article; IM
DOI
/S0004-28032003000400005 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
15264043
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Specialized intestinal metaplasia can be categorized according endoscopic and histological findings in long segment Barrett, short segment Barrett and specialized intestinal metaplasia of cardia. Barrett's esophagus is an acquired disease that is found in about 10%-13% of patients undergoing endoscopy for symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease and it is well established as predisposing to esophageal adenocarcinoma. The columnar epithelium with goblet cells replaces the normal squamous epithelium. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and clinical-demographic characteristics of specialized intestinal metaplasia of distal esophagus in the gastroesophageal reflux disease. METHODS: From April to October 2002, 402 patients referred to upper endoscopy due gastroesophageal reflux disease were evaluated through of a symptom questionnaire about clinical and demographic features and submitted to upper endoscopy with four-quadrant biopsies 1 cm below escamocolumnar junction. RESULTS: Eighteen point four percent of patients had specialized intestinal metaplasia, 0.5% long segment Barrett esophagus, 3.2% short segment Barrett's esophagus and 14.7% specialized intestinal metaplasia of cardia. Patients with Barrett's esophagus showed a tendency to be male and specialized metaplasia of cardia to be female. All patients with Barrett's esophagus were white. There was not association between symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease and specialized intestinal metaplasia, but patients with Barrett's esophagus showed a tendency to have symptoms over 5 years and had more hiatal hernia and esophagitis. The use of alcohol and tobacco was not related to the presence of specialized intestinal metaplasia. CONCLUSIONS: Barrett's esophagus was more related to the male gender, gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms for 5 years or longer, more intense esophagitis and hiatal hernia, but was not related to the use of tobacco and alcohol.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Barrett Esophagus/epidemiology/pathology, Brazil/epidemiology, Cardia/pathology, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux/physiopathology, Humans, Intestinal Diseases/epidemiology/pathology, Male, Metaplasia/epidemiology, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Stomach Diseases/epidemiology/pathology
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Caum,L. C., Bizinelli,S. L., Pisani,J. C., Amarantes,H. M., Ioshii,S. O., Carmes,E. R.
Original/Translated Title
Metaplasia intestinal especializada de esofago distal na doenca do refluxo gastroesofagico: prevalencia e aspectos clinico-epidemiologicos
URL
Date of Electronic
20040531
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Tobacco use among middle and high school students--United States, 2002 | 2003 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
14-Nov
Volume
52
Issue
45
Start Page
1096
Other Pages
1098
Notes
LR: 20080214; JID: 7802429; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 14614406
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
mm5245a2 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
14614406
Abstract
Each day in the United States, approximately 4,400 youths aged 12-17 years try their first cigarette. An estimated one third of these young smokers are expected to die from a smoking-related disease. The National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS), conducted by the American Legacy Foundation, provides estimates of usage among U.S. middle and high school students for various tobacco products (i.e., cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, pipes, bidis [leaf-wrapped, flavored cigarettes from India], and kreteks [clove cigarettes]). This report summarizes tobacco use prevalence estimates from the 2002 NYTS and describes changes in prevalence since 2000. Both tobacco use and cigarette smoking among students in high school (i.e., grades 9-12) decreased by approximately 18% during 2000-2002; however, a decrease among students in middle school (i.e., grades 6-8) was not statistically significant. The lack of progress among middle school students suggests that health officials should improve implementation of proven antismoking strategies and develop new strategies to promote continued declines in youth smoking.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Smoking/epidemiology, Students/statistics & numerical data, United States/epidemiology
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Demographic and psychosocial profile of smoking among pregnant women in Lebanon: public health implications | 2003 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Matern Child Health J
Periodical, Abbrev.
Matern.Child Health J.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
7
Issue
3
Start Page
179
Other Pages
86
Notes
ID: 14509413
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence and determinants of smoking prior to and during pregnancy in Lebanon. METHODS: A cross-sectional study using two structured instruments. One instrument included information on demographic characteristics, smoking patterns in the index pregnancy and previous pregnancies, use of prenatal health services, stressful life events, and social support during pregnancy. The second was the Arabic General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Women who delivered in 11 randomly selected hospitals in Beirut and its suburbs within 24 hours were asked to consent to participate in the study. The total sample interviewed was 576 women. RESULTS: The prevalence of pre-pregnancy smoking was 32% and 20% for smoking in pregnancy. Considering argileh smoking, the prevalence of tobacco use in pregnancy increased to 27% in Beirut and 25% in the suburbs. Pre-pregnancy smoking was associated with older maternal age OR = 1.08, 95% CI (1.03, 1.14)], low and medium education OR = 2.22, 95% CI (1.22,4.04)], increased psychiatric distress OR = 3.11, 95% CI (1.77,5.46)], and a husband who smoked OR = 5.00, 95% CI (2.98,8.39)]. Continued smoking during pregnancy was associated with low and medium education OR = 3.77, 95% CI (1.31, 10.8)], younger age OR = 1.11, 95% CI (1.02-1.20)], and a heavy pre-pregnancy smoking pattern OR = 13.9, 95% CI (1.40,137.4)]. CONCLUSION: Policies and programs to eliminate or reduce smoking during pregnancy should be targeted toward young and less educated females and involving the spouse. Obstetricians should promote smoking cessation during pregnancy using evidence-based methods.
Descriptors
Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology, Pregnant Women/psychology, Public Health, Smoking/epidemiology, Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Demography, Female, Health Education, Humans, Lebanon/epidemiology, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications/etiology, Prevalence, Smoking/psychology
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1457110/?tool=pubmed
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Chaaya,Monique, Awwad,Johnny, Campbell,Oona M. R., Sibai,Abla, Kaddour,Afamia
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Tensile bond strengths of five luting agents to two CAD-CAM restorative materials and enamel | 2003 | Department of Dental Public Health and Dental Hygiene, Houston Dental Branch, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA. Jeffrey.C.Chang@uth.tmc.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Journal of prosthetic dentistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Prosthet.Dent.
Pub Date Free Form
Jul
Volume
90
Issue
1
Start Page
18
Other Pages
23
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 0376364; 0 (Boron Compounds); 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Dental Cements); 0 (Dicor ceramic); 0 (EnForce-Sure Cure); 0 (FujiPlus); 0 (Glass Ionomer Cements); 0 (Methacrylates); 0 (Methylmethacrylates); 0 (Panavia TPN-S); 0 (Phosphates); 0
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
0022-3913; 0022-3913
Accession Number
PMID: 12869970
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; D; IM
DOI
10.1016/S0022391303002178 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
12869970
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: CAD-CAM restorative materials are popular because they have high esthetic value and short fabrication time. Unfortunately these materials are brittle and tend to fracture under heavy occlusal load. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the tensile bond strengths of 5 luting agents to 2 CAD-CAM restorative materials and enamel. Material and methods One hundred truncated cones, with a 3-mm diameter bonding surface and 5-mm diameter base, were fabricated with Dicor MGC (n=50) or Cerec Vitablocs Mark II (n=50) with the Cerec system. Enamel surfaces of the crowns of 100 freshly extracted noncarious, anterior teeth, stored in 0.9% saline solution with 0.25% sodium azide (NaN(3)) as disinfectant, were prepared with sandpaper disks (320-grit size) on the Buehler Variable Speed Grinder-Polisher. The bonding surfaces of the Dicor MGC or Cerec Vitablocs Mark II truncated cones from each of the 2 tests systems were airborne particle abraded, chemically etched, and cemented on the prepared enamel surface of the tooth specimens with 5 luting agents: Vita Cerec Duo Cement, EnForce, Panavia 21, C&B Metabond, and Fuji Duet. All specimens were thermocycled 1000 times, in 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C water with a dwell time of 30 seconds in each temperature. Tensile force (MPa) was applied perpendicular to the bonding surfaces of the specimens with a universal testing machine until fracture. Fracture patterns were examined with a microscope at original magnification x10. The differences in the tensile bond strengths were analyzed with the Tukey-Kramer test (alpha=.05). RESULTS: The mean tensile bond strengths of Dicor MGC bonding to enamel with luting agents in descending order in MPa were EnForce (10.12 +/- 2.25), Panavia 21 (7.28 +/- 1.77), Cerec Duo (5.32 +/- 1.65), Fuji Duet (3.73 +/- 1.78), and C&B Metabond (3.11 +/- 1.11). EnForce had a significantly higher bond strength than C&B Metabond, Fuji Duet, Cerec Duo, and Panavia 21 (P=.05). The mean tensile bond strengths of Cerec Vitablocs Mark II bonding to enamel with luting agents in descending order in MPa were as follow: Fuji Duet (11.51 +/- 2.79), EnForce (9.44 +/- 2.03), C&B Metabond (8.98 +/- 3.29), Cerec Duo (8.66 +/- 4.71), and Panavia 21 (5.10 +/- 2.49). Within this group, there was no significant difference between Fuji Duet and EnForce, but the bond strength of Fuji Duet was significantly higher than that of C&B Metabond, Panavia 21, and Cerec Duo (P=.05). The mean tensile strength of all the luting agents bonded to Cerec Vitablocs Mark II and enamel (8.74 MPa) was higher than Dicor MGC and enamel (5.91 MPa). CONCLUSION: In this in vitro study; within the Dicor MGC group, the mean bond strength of Panavia 21 with enamel was significantly higher than C&B Metabond, Panavia 21, Cerec Duo, and Fuji Duet. Within the Cerec Vitablocs Mark II group, the mean bond strength of Fuji Duet was significantly higher than C&B Metabond, Panavia 21, and Cerec Duo but was not significantly higher than EnForce.
Descriptors
Acid Etching, Dental, Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate/chemistry, Boron Compounds/chemistry, Cementation, Ceramics/chemistry, Composite Resins/chemistry, Computer-Aided Design, Dental Bonding, Dental Cements/chemistry, Dental Enamel/ultrastructure, Dental Porcelain/chemistry, Dental Restoration, Permanent, Glass Ionomer Cements, Humans, Materials Testing, Methacrylates/chemistry, Methylmethacrylates/chemistry, Phosphates/chemistry, Resin Cements/chemistry, Stress, Mechanical, Surface Properties, Tensile Strength
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Chang,J. C., Hart,D. A., Estey,A. W., Chan,J. T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| hookah (shisha, narghile) and our teenagers in the USA and Europe | 2003 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Generic
Periodical, Full
J Egypt Soc Parasitol
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Pediatr.Health Care
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
22; 33
Issue
4; 3
Start Page
270; author reply 270; 1087
Other Pages
270; author reply 270; 101
Notes
TY: JOUR; ID: 18590877; ID: 15119472
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en; en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
An interview survey was carried out in a rural village and two nearby schools in Qalyubia Governorate to assess the pattern of smoking and knowledge about religious ruling (Fatwa) and its impact on the quit attempts. Also, a similar survey was conducted in 6 Shisha cafés in Cairo. The results showed that the majority of respondents (81% among rural adults, 83.2% among Shisha café patrons, 73.3% among rural youth and 81.4% among rural students) knew about the Fatwa on smoking. Higher proportions of all participants thought that smoking is a sin (97.3% among rural adults, 80.8% among Shisha café patrons, 94.4% among rural youth and 98.4% among rural students). There was a significantly higher knowledge about Fatwa on smoking among men than women. This indicates a successful outreach program targeted mainly to men through mosques. Knowledge about Fatwa on smoking increased significantly with increased exposure to antismoking messages from religious leader. Knowledge about the Fatwa on smoking or belief that smoking is a sin had no significant effect on quit attempts. Our results point to the need for intensive efforts on the part of religious leaders to translate the current belief that smoking is a sin into quitting among smokers. Better results may be achieved through personal interactions in small groups rather than in mosque settings.
Descriptors
Smoking, Adolescent, Europe, Humans, United States, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Religion, Smoking/epidemiology, Adult, Child, Egypt/epidemiology, Female, Male, Restaurants, Rural Health, Smoking/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation
Links
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2008.03.003; http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-15119472
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/; MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Chaouachi,Kamal, Radwan,Ghada N., Israel,Ebenezer, El-Setouhy,Maged, Abdel-Aziz,Fatma, Mikhail,Nabiel, Mohamed,Mostafa K.
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