WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Waterpipe tobacco smoking: knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behavior in two U.S. samples	2008	Center for Health and Wellbeing, Princeton University and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 10 Issue 2 Start Page 393 Other Pages 398 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: R01 CA103827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA103827-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01CA103827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01DA011082/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01TW005962/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; GR: R Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1462-2203; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 18236304 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1080/14622200701825023 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18236304 Abstract Despite evidence of increasing waterpipe tobacco smoking prevalence among U.S. young adults, little is known about the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and smoking patterns of waterpipe users in this population. To address this lack of knowledge, two convenience samples of U.S. waterpipe users were surveyed--one from a Richmond, Virginia, waterpipe cafe (n=101), the other from an Internet forum called HookahForum.com (n=100). Sixty percent reported first-time waterpipe use at or before age 18. Daily waterpipe use was reported by 19%, weekly use by 41%, and monthly use by 29%. Waterpipe use was more common during the weekend (75%) than during weekdays (43%). Forty-four percent reported spending >or=60 min smoking tobacco during a waterpipe session. The majority of waterpipe users owned a waterpipe (57%) and purchased it on the Internet (71%). Many waterpipe users smoked the sweetened and flavored tobacco (i.e., maassel), and fruit flavors were the most popular (54%). Past month use of cigarettes, tobacco products other than cigarettes or waterpipe, and alcohol was 54%, 33%, and 80% respectively, and 36% reported past-month marijuana use. Most waterpipe users were confident about their ability to quit (96%), but only a minority (32%) intended to quit. Most waterpipe users believed waterpipe tobacco smoking was less harmful and addictive than cigarettes. These results are from small convenience samples; more detailed study of a larger group of randomly sampled U.S. waterpipe tobacco smokers will be valuable in understanding this behavior and developing effective strategies to prevent it. Descriptors Administration, Inhalation, Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Chi-Square Distribution, Female, Health Behavior, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Nebulizers and Vaporizers, Risk-Taking, Smoking/epidemiology/psychology, Social Perception, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology/psychology, United States Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Smith-Simone,S., Maziak,W., Ward,K. D., Eissenberg,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC3215239 Editors
Differing psychosocial risk profiles of college freshmen waterpipe, cigar, and cigarette smokers	2008	Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Center for Outcomes Research, 3535 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. smithsimone@email.chop.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 33 Issue 12 Start Page 1619 Other Pages 1624 Notes JID: 7603486; 2008/03/04 [received]; 2008/07/09 [revised]; 2008/07/29 [accepted]; 2008/08/03 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 18783890 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.07.017 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18783890 Abstract Few studies have examined the psychosocial aspects of tobacco smoking in young adults, particularly among alternative forms such as waterpipe. To address this gap, we examined the association of psychosocial characteristics (i.e., sociodemographics, risk perception, social norms, and pluralistic ignorance) with waterpipe, cigar, and cigarette smoking in college freshmen. Data are from a cross-sectional internet survey conducted during spring semester 2004 at Johns Hopkins University, N=411. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the association between psychosocial risk factors and waterpipe, cigar, and cigarette smoking. Results reveal that (1) psychosocial risk profiles of smokers differed by type of smoker and by type of tobacco product smoked, and (2) freshmen perceived the waterpipe as the most attractive product, out of the three products evaluated, to use among their peers. This study provides some of the first data on the association of psychosocial characteristics and various forms of tobacco smoking in young adults. This area of research is of increasing importance as a surge of waterpipe use among college students is becoming evident and interventions to reduce and prevent use are critically needed. Descriptors Adolescent, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Peer Group, Regression Analysis, Smoking/prevention & control/psychology, Social Environment, Students/psychology, Tobacco, Smokeless/adverse effects, Universities, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Smith-Simone,S. Y., Curbow,B. A., Stillman,F. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080803 PMCID Editors
Properties of the Cigarette Dependence Scale and the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence in a representative sample of smokers in Norway	2008	Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical Division, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway. knut.stavem@klinmed.uio.no	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addiction (Abingdon, England) Periodical, Abbrev. Addiction Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 103 Issue 9 Start Page 1441 Other Pages 1449 Notes JID: 9304118; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0965-2140; 0965-2140 Accession Number PMID: 18783499 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02278.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18783499 Abstract AIMS: To compare the properties of four measures of dependence to nicotine/tobacco, the 12-item Cigarette Dependence Scale (CDS-12), the six-item Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and two shorter versions of the same measures. METHODS: In a cross-sectional telephone survey of smokers in a representative general population sample in Norway, we compared the measures. We assessed (i) internal consistency reliability with Cronbach's alpha; (ii) compared item scores; and (iii) tested the validity of the questionnaires. Test-retest reliability was assessed in a smaller convenience sample. RESULTS: Among 1265 respondents (64%), 290 (23%) were daily smokers and included in further analysis. Their mean age was 42 years [standard deviation (SD) 15] and 46% were female. They smoked on average 13 cigarettes per day (SD 6). Internal consistency reliability was 0.61 for the FTND (n = 267) and 0.81 for the CDS-12 (n = 266). Score distributions suggested a floor effect for the FTND. Test-retest reliability was 0.90 for the FTND and 0.97 for the CDS-12 (n = 31). The correlation between the scale scores and a question about the maximum willingness to pay for a cigarette after not smoking all day was 0.36 (P < 0.001) for the FTND (n = 262) and 0.45 (P < 0.001) for the CDS-12 (n = 263). There was little difference in the associations of the two scales or their abbreviated versions with external variables. CONCLUSIONS: Telephone administration was acceptable for both questionnaires, and we have established population reference values for the four scales. The questionnaires were associated with each other and showed similar properties. The findings support the construct validity of the scales. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Norway/epidemiology, Personality Inventory/statistics & numerical data, Psychometrics/statistics & numerical data, Reproducibility of Results, Smoking/psychology, Smoking Cessation/psychology, Telephone, Tobacco Use Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology/psychology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Stavem,K., Rogeberg,O. J., Olsen,J. A., Boe,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation	2008	University of Oxford, Department of Primary Health Care, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, UK OX3 7LF. lindsay.stead@dphpc.ox.ac.uk	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 23-Jan Volume (1):CD000146. doi Issue 1 Start Page CD000146 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100909747; 0 (Chewing Gum); 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 0 (Tablets); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); UIN: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;11:CD000146. PMID: 23152200; RF: 277; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-493X; 1361-6137 Accession Number PMID: 18253970 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Review; IM DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD000146.pub3 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18253970 Abstract BACKGROUND: The aim of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is temporarily to replace much of the nicotine from cigarettes to reduce motivation to smoke and nicotine withdrawal symptoms, thus easing the transition from cigarette smoking to complete abstinence. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this review were:To determine the effect of NRT compared to placebo in aiding smoking cessation, and to consider whether there is a difference in effect for the different forms of NRT (chewing gum, transdermal patches, nasal spray, inhalers and tablets/lozenges) in achieving abstinence from cigarettes. To determine whether the effect is influenced by the dosage, form and timing of use of NRT; the intensity of additional advice and support offered to the smoker; or the clinical setting in which the smoker is recruited and treated. To determine whether combinations of NRT are more likely to lead to successful quitting than one type alone. To determine whether NRT is more or less likely to lead to successful quitting compared to other pharmacotherapies. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register for papers with 'nicotine' or 'NRT' in the title, abstract or keywords. Date of most recent search July 2007. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized trials in which NRT was compared to placebo or to no treatment, or where different doses of NRT were compared. We excluded trials which did not report cessation rates, and those with follow up of less than six months. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data in duplicate on the type of participants, the dose, duration and form of nicotine therapy, the outcome measures, method of randomization, and completeness of follow up. The main outcome measure was abstinence from smoking after at least six months of follow up. We used the most rigorous definition of abstinence for each trial, and biochemically validated rates if available. We calculated the risk ratio (RR) for each study. Where appropriate, we performed meta-analysis using a Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effect model. MAIN RESULTS: We identified 132 trials; 111 with over 40,000 participants contributed to the primary comparison between any type of NRT and a placebo or non-NRT control group. The RR of abstinence for any form of NRT relative to control was 1.58 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50 to 1.66). The pooled RR for each type were 1.43 (95% CI: 1.33 to 1.53, 53 trials) for nicotine gum; 1.66 (95% CI: 1.53 to 1.81, 41 trials) for nicotine patch; 1.90 (95% CI: 1.36 to 2.67, 4 trials) for nicotine inhaler; 2.00 (95% CI: 1.63 to 2.45, 6 trials) for oral tablets/lozenges; and 2.02 (95% CI: 1.49 to 3.73, 4 trials) for nicotine nasal spray. The effects were largely independent of the duration of therapy, the intensity of additional support provided or the setting in which the NRT was offered. The effect was similar in a small group of studies that aimed to assess use of NRT obtained without a prescription. In highly dependent smokers there was a significant benefit of 4 mg gum compared with 2 mg gum, but weaker evidence of a benefit from higher doses of patch. There was evidence that combining a nicotine patch with a rapid delivery form of NRT was more effective than a single type of NRT. Only one study directly compared NRT to another pharmacotherapy. In this study quit rates with nicotine patch were lower than with the antidepressant bupropion. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: All of the commercially available forms of NRT (gum, transdermal patch, nasal spray, inhaler and sublingual tablets/lozenges) can help people who make a quit attempt to increase their chances of successfully stopping smoking. NRTs increase the rate of quitting by 50-70%, regardless of setting. The effectiveness of NRT appears to be largely independent of the intensity of additional support provided to the individual. Provision of more intense levels of support, although beneficial in facilitating the likelihood of quitting, is not essential to the Descriptors Administration, Cutaneous, Administration, Inhalation, Chewing Gum, Humans, Nicotine/administration & dosage, Nicotinic Agonists/administration & dosage, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Smoking/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation/methods, Tablets Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Stead,L. F., Perera,R., Bullen,C., Mant,D., Lancaster,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080123 PMCID Editors
Gram-negative bacteria in water distribution systems of hospitals	2008	Department of Occupational Biohazards, Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland. nina@galen.imw.lublin.pl	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine : AAEM Periodical, Abbrev. Ann.Agric.Environ.Med. Pub Date Free Form Volume 15 Issue 1 Start Page 135 Other Pages 142 Notes LR: 20160325; JID: 9500166; ppublish Place of Publication Poland ISSN/ISBN 1232-1966; 1232-1966 Accession Number PMID: 18581992 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 15135 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18581992 Abstract A total of 67 samples of tap water were collected from faucets and showerheads in 6 hospitals located in the Lublin province (eastern Poland). The samples were examined for the presence and species composition of Legionella, Gram-negative bacteria belonging to family Enterobacteriaceae (GNB-E) and Gram-negative bacteria not belonging to family Enterobacteriaceae (GNB-NE), by filtering through cellulose filters and culture on respectively GVPC, EMB and tryptic soya agar media. On average, Legionella was isolated from 65.7% of the water samples taken in hospitals. Strains of the Legionella pneumophila types 2-14 predominated, forming 74.6% of total Legionella isolates. Legionella pneumophila type 1 strains constituted 13.5% of the total count, while other species of Legionella (referred to as Legionella spp.) formed 11.9% of the total. The concentrations of Legionella in positive water samples ranged from 3-350 cfu/100 ml. GNB-E were not found in the examined water samples. GNB-NE were isolated from 79.1% of the water samples taken in hospitals in the concentrations 11-300 cfu/100 ml. Species of the family Pseudomonadaceae predominated among GNB-NE strains isolated from the examined water samples, forming on average 71.5% of the total count. Altogether, 20 GNB-NE species were identified in the examined samples, out of which 12 were potentially pathogenic. In conclusion, Gram-negative flora of water samples taken in the examined hospitals complies with potable water sanitary standards by the lack of Enterobacteriaceae species, but creates a moderate health risk because of mediocre concentrations of Legionella and the presence of potentially pathogenic non-enterobacterial species. Descriptors Colony Count, Microbial, Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification, Filtration/methods/standards, Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification, Hospitals/standards, Humans, Legionella/isolation & purification, Poland, Risk Assessment, Water Microbiology, Water Supply/analysis/standards Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Stojek,N. M., Szymanska,J., Dutkiewicz,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Phenotypic and genotypic identification of lactic acid bacteria isolated from ethnic fermented bamboo tender shoots of North East India	2008	Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Sikkim Government College, Gangtok 737102, Sikkim, India.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of food microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Food Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form 15-Jan Volume 121 Issue 1 Start Page 35 Other Pages 40 Notes JID: 8412849; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 2007/04/05 [received]; 2007/08/29 [revised]; 2007/10/24 [accepted]; 2007/11/01 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 0168-1605; 0168-1605 Accession Number PMID: 18036695 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI S0168-1605(07)00563-6 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18036695 Abstract Mesu, soidon, soibum and soijim are ethnic fermented bamboo tender shoot products prepared by the people in North East India. Microbiological analysis of mesu, soidon, soibum and soijim showed the population dominated by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) ranging up to 10(8) cfu g(-1). The phenotypic characterisation of predominant LAB isolated from the fermented bamboo shoot products was based on general morphology, physiological tests, API and Biolog systems. The genotypic characterisation of LAB was based on RAPD-PCR, rep PCR, species-specific PCR techniques, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA hybridisation. Predominant functional LAB strains associated with the fermented bamboo shoot products were identified as Lactobacillus brevis, Lb. plantarum, Lb. curvatus, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides, Leuc. fallax, Leuc. lactis, Leuc. citreum and Enterococcus durans. Descriptors Bambusa/microbiology, Colony Count, Microbial, DNA, Bacterial/analysis, Enterococcus/classification/isolation & purification, Fermentation, Food Microbiology, Genotype, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, India, Lactobacillus/classification/isolation & purification, Leuconostoc/classification/isolation & purification, Pediococcus/classification/isolation & purification, Phenotype, Phylogeny, Poaceae/microbiology, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique, Species Specificity Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Tamang,B., Tamang,J. P., Schillinger,U., Franz,C. M., Gores,M., Holzapfel,W. H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20071101 PMCID Editors
Maternal smoking and environmental tobacco smoke exposure and the risk of allergic diseases in Japanese infants: the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study	2008	Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan. k-tanaka@fukuoka-u.ac.jp	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma Periodical, Abbrev. J.Asthma Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 45 Issue 9 Start Page 833 Other Pages 838 Notes JID: 8106454; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1532-4303; 0277-0903 Accession Number PMID: 18972305 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1080/02770900802339742 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18972305 Abstract PURPOSE: It remains controversial whether environmental tobacco smoke increases the risk of allergic diseases. The present prospective cohort study examined whether in utero exposure to maternal smoking and postnatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke were associated with the development of wheeze, asthma, and atopic eczema in Japanese infants. METHODS: Study subjects included 763 infants. Data were obtained through the use of questionnaires completed by the mother during pregnancy and at 2 to 9 and 16 to 24 months postdelivery. Information regarding maternal smoking during pregnancy and postnatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was collected at 2 to 9 months postdelivery, and information on allergic symptoms was collected when the infant was between 16 to 24 months of age. Cases were defined according to criteria of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood for wheeze and atopic eczema. Additionally, doctor-diagnosed asthma and atopic eczema were identified. Adjustment was made for maternal age, family income, maternal and paternal education, parental history of asthma, atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, indoor domestic pets, baby's older siblings, baby's sex, birth weight, and time of surveys. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of wheeze, atopic eczema, doctor-diagnosed asthma, and doctor-diagnosed atopic eczema was 22.1%, 18.6%, 4.3%, and 9.0%, respectively. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was not related to the risk of wheeze, whereas postnatal maternal smoking in the same room as the child increased the risk of wheeze. No significant association was observed between perinatal tobacco smoke exposure and the development of asthma and atopic eczema. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that postnatal maternal smoking might be associated with an increased risk of wheeze in Japanese infants. Descriptors Asthma/epidemiology/etiology, Child, Preschool, Dermatitis, Atopic/epidemiology/etiology, Female, Humans, Hypersensitivity/epidemiology/etiology, Incidence, Infant, Japan/epidemiology, Male, Maternal Exposure/adverse effects, Prospective Studies, Respiratory Sounds/etiology, Smoking/adverse effects, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Tanaka,K., Miyake,Y., Sasaki,S., Ohya,Y., Hirota,Y., Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study Group Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Extreme solutions for those who do not succeed to quit smoking. About smokeless tobacco and harm reduction	2008	Clinica Pneumologica Iasi. atrofor@yahoo.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pneumologia (Bucharest, Romania) Periodical, Abbrev. Pneumologia Pub Date Free Form Apr-Jun Volume 57 Issue 2 Start Page 105 Other Pages 108 Notes LR: 20101103; JID: 100941067; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); RF: 4; ppublish Place of Publication Romania ISSN/ISBN 2067-2993; 2067-2993 Accession Number PMID: 18822878 Language rum SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; Review; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18822878 Abstract Although in the last two decades, intensified tobacco control measures have increased access to smoking cessation services worldwide and pharmacological therapy in the field had enlarged spectrum and has higher efficiency, yet, long term abstinence rate is no more than 20-25%. Only 70% of smokers are willing to quit and only 10% succeed for good. The rest of 60% plus 30% not even willing to quit will balance between new attempts to quit, new failures to quit and continuing smoking, mainly cigarettes. Among them, many heavy smokers, highly nicotine addicted, unable to quit, even if strongly motivated to. Harm reduction concept is proposing alternatives to classic cigarettes smoking, which is the most dangerous modality of tobacco products consumption. Such alternatives try to minimize as much as possible harm induced by tobacco smoking,by reducing carcinogenic and toxic compounds in tobacco products. Overview of smokeless tobacco types is given, with health risks and consumption particularities in each case. Scientific community in the field's opinions are presented from the perspective of finding ways to save as many lives as possible of smokers unable to quit and to change actual status quo. As part of experts predict continuous increasing smoking prevalence in the future unless competitive alternatives to cigarettes smoking are arising, such alternatives can be temporarily helpful, in order to assist all categories of smokers to avoid tobacco smoke (most dangerous form of smoking) exposure. Descriptors Harm Reduction, Humans, Motivation, Smoking/psychology/therapy, Smoking Cessation/methods, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control, Tobacco, Smokeless Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Trofor,A., Esanu,V., Frasila,E. I. Original/Translated Title Solutii extreme pentru cei ce nu reusesc sa renunte la fumat. Despre smokeless tobacco si harm reduction (partea I) URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The safety and efficacy of OP-1 (rhBMP-7) as a replacement for iliac crest autograft for posterolateral lumbar arthrodesis: minimum 4-year follow-up of a pilot study	2008	Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University and The Rothman Institute, 925 Chestnut Street, 5(th) Floor, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA 19107, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society Periodical, Abbrev. Spine J. Pub Date Free Form May-Jun Volume 8 Issue 3 Start Page 457 Other Pages 465 Notes JID: 101130732; 0 (Bone Morphogenetic Proteins); 0 (osteogenic protein 1 putty, recombinant human); 2007/01/16 [received]; 2007/03/12 [revised]; 2007/03/19 [accepted]; 2007/05/25 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1529-9430; 1529-9430 Accession Number PMID: 17588821 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI S1529-9430(07)00128-3 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 17588821 Abstract BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Although autogenous bone is still considered to be the gold standard graft material for promoting spinal fusion, other bone graft substitutes have been developed in an attempt to improve arthrodesis rates and avoid the complications associated with the procurement of autograft. The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) represent a family of osteoinductive growth factors that are known to stimulate the osteoblastic differentiation of stem cells. Osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) Putty is a commercially available BMP preparation that is already approved for use in humans. Previous clinical studies involving patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis have reported that the efficacy and safety of OP-1 Putty is comparable to that of autograft at both 1- and 2-year follow-up. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intermediate-term efficacy and safety of OP-1 Putty as an alternative to autogenous bone by comparing the 4-year radiographic, clinical, and safety data of these same patients who underwent decompression and uninstrumented fusion with either OP-1 Putty or iliac crest autograft. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: A prospective, randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical pilot study. PATIENT SAMPLE: Thirty-six patients undergoing decompressive laminectomy and single-level uninstrumented fusion for degenerative spondylolisthesis and symptomatic spinal stenosis were randomized in a 2:1 fashion to receive either OP-1 Putty (24 patients) or autogenous iliac crest bone graft (12 patients). OUTCOME MEASURES: Patient-reported outcome measures consisting of Oswestry Disability Index and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores were used to evaluate clinical efficacy. Perioperative data including operative time, estimated blood loss, and duration of hospital stay were also recorded for each surgery. Postoperatively, a neurological examination and an assessment of donor-site pain (if applicable) were performed at every follow-up visit. Radiographic fusion success was defined as the presence of continuous bridging bone formation between the transverse processes at the level of the spondylolisthesis with minimal motion evident on dynamic lateral x-ray films. The primary efficacy endpoint was the overall success rate, a composite measure derived from both radiographic and clinical parameters. The safety of OP-1 Putty was confirmed by comparing the nature and frequency of all adverse events and complications that were prospectively observed in either of the groups. METHODS: Thirty-six patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis and symptoms of neurogenic claudication underwent decompressive laminectomy and single-level uninstrumented fusion with either OP-1 Putty or autograft. All patients were evaluated at 6 weeks and 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months, after which time they were instructed to return on a yearly basis. Multiple neuroradiologists blinded to the assigned treatment reviewed static and dynamic X-ray films with digital calipers to assess fusion status according to the presence of continuous bridging bone across the transverse processes as well as the amount of residual motion evident at the level of interest. Oswestry Disability Index surveys and SF-36 questionnaires were used to assess clinical outcomes. RESULTS: At the 48-month time point, complete radiographic and clinical data were available for 22 of 36 patients (16 OP-1 Putty and 6 autograft) and 25 of 36 patients (18 OP-1 Putty and 7 autograft), respectively. Radiographic evidence of a solid arthrodesis was present in 11 of 16 OP-1 Putty patients (68.8%) and 3 of 6 autograft patients (50%). Clinically successful outcomes defined as at least a 20% improvement in preoperative Oswestry scores were experienced by 14 of 19 OP-1 Putty patients (73.7%) and 4 of 7 autograft patients (57.1%); these clinical findings were corroborated by similar increases in SF-36 scores. The respective overall success rates of the OP-1 Putty and autograf Descriptors Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/therapeutic use, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Ilium/transplantation, Lumbosacral Region, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Postoperative Complications, Spinal Fusion/methods, Spinal Stenosis/surgery, Spondylolisthesis/surgery, Transplantation, Autologous, Treatment Outcome Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Vaccaro,A. R., Whang,P. G., Patel,T., Phillips,F. M., Anderson,D. G., Albert,T. J., Hilibrand,A. S., Brower,R. S., Kurd,M. F., Appannagari,A., Patel,M., Fischgrund,J. S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20070525 PMCID Editors
Measurement of 16 volatile organic compounds in restaurant air contaminated with environmental tobacco smoke	2008	Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, Helsinki, Finland. sinikka.vainiotalo@ttl.fi	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental research Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Res. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 108 Issue 3 Start Page 280 Other Pages 288 Notes JID: 0147621; 0 (Organic Chemicals); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2008/01/11 [received]; 2008/05/27 [revised]; 2008/07/24 [accepted]; 2008/09/17 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1096-0953; 0013-9351 Accession Number PMID: 18801480 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2008.07.020 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18801480 Abstract Tobacco smoke-related air pollutant levels were studied in ten Finnish restaurants. Markers of tobacco smoke were measured together with other compounds typical of tobacco smoke and indoor air. The measurements were carried out at stationary sampling points in smoking and non-smoking areas of the restaurants in 2005-2006, when at least half of the service area had to be non-smoking according to the Finnish Tobacco Act. The average concentrations (geometric mean, microg/m3) of the 16 airborne contaminants measured in the smoking area were: nicotine 18.1; toluene 10.6; isoprene 10.2; m,p-xylene 5.0; limonene 4.8; benzene 3.3; furfuryl aldehyde 3.2; 1,3-butadiene 2.7; 3-ethenylpyridine (3-EP) 2.5; phenol 2.1; ethyl benzene 1.7; pyridine 1.6; o-xylene 1.5; 3-picoline 1.4; styrene 1.2; and naphthalene 0.45. A good correlation (r=0.90-0.99, p<0.001) was obtained between tobacco-specific markers (3-EP and nicotine) and 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, pyridine, furfuryl aldehyde, 3-picoline, phenol, and styrene. A poor or no correlation (r=0.19-0.60) was obtained between 3-EP or nicotine and the rest of the compounds. The average concentrations of all compounds were significantly lower in the non-smoking area than in the smoking area (p<0.05). In the non-smoking area, the average concentration of 3-EP was 0.35 microg/m3 and that of nicotine 1.6 microg/m3. In three restaurants, the area design and ventilation were effective: the average level of 3-EP in the non-smoking section was <3% from that in the smoking section. In the other restaurants, tobacco smoke was spreading more freely and the corresponding value was 14-76%. A sensitive method was applied for the measurement of airborne 1,3-butadiene. The air samples were collected into Carbopack X adsorption tubes and analysed by thermal desorption/gas chromatography/mass selective detection. The precision of the method was 4.2% (at 100 ng/sample) and the limit of quantification 0.02 microg/m3. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Environmental Monitoring/statistics & numerical data, Finland, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Organic Chemicals/analysis, Restaurants, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis, Volatilization Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Vainiotalo,S., Vaananen,V., Vaaranrinta,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080917 PMCID Editors

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