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Prevalence and characteristics of cigarette smokers among undergraduates of the University of Ilorin, Nigeria 2011 Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. drdemola@yahoo.com
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nigerian journal of clinical practice
Periodical, Abbrev.
Niger.J.Clin.Pract.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr-Jun
Volume
14
Issue
2
Start Page
201
Other Pages
205
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 101150032; ppublish
Place of Publication
India
ISSN/ISBN
1119-3077
Accession Number
PMID: 21860140
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.4103/1119-3077.84016 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21860140
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Smoking control is urgently needed to prevent the epidemic of tobacco-related diseases and deaths in developing countries. This requires data on smoking, especially among vulnerable groups like students. We have surveyed cigarette smoking among undergraduates of the University of Ilorin, in the North Central region of Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a questionnaire-based survey among undergraduates of the University of Ilorin. A total of 1800 students were selected by multistage random sampling. RESULTS: A total of 1754 students (234 medical and 1520 non-medical students) completed the questionnaires. They were 1148 (65.5%) males and 606 (34.5%) females with a mean age of 21.6 +/- 3.1 years. The prevalence rate of current smoking was 5.7% (males 7.7%, females 2.0%) and of ever smoking was 17.1% (males 22.9%, females 6.2%). Smoking was more common in non-medical students. Eighty-three (83.8%) of the smokers had already started smoking by their eighteenth birthday. Fifty-one (51.5%) of them smoked = 5 sticks of cigarettes daily. Most of them were influenced into smoking by peer pressure and commercial advertisements. Sixty-seven (67.6%) of them believed that smoking could never have a negative impact on their health status and quality of life and just 39 (39.4%) smokers were willing to quit. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the low prevalence rate of smoking in the studied population, a majority of them were not willing to quit because of a low perception of the negative effects of smoking on their health and quality of life. Comprehensive antismoking campaigns were urgently needed to control cigarette smoking among University undergraduates in Nigeria.
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Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Fawibe,A.E., Shittu,A.O.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Assessment and management of white mullet Mugil curema (Valencienne, 1836) (Mugilidae) fisheries of the south coast of Sao Paulo state, Brazil 2011 Secretaria da Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil. jmendonca@pesca.sp.gov.br
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia
Periodical, Abbrev.
Braz J.Biol.
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
71
Issue
3
Start Page
663
Other Pages
672
Notes
JID: 101129542; 2010/09/23 [received]; 2010/12/08 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Brazil
ISSN/ISBN
1678-4375; 1519-6984
Accession Number
PMID: 21881789
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
S1519-69842011000400010 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21881789
Abstract
There is intense fishing activity, mainly artisanal, in the Cananeia, Iguape and Ilha Comprida Estuarine System. White mullet (Mugil curema) is one of the local fishery resources and is usually caught with gillnets and fish traps. This study aimed to characterise the Mugil curema fisheries thereby underpinning the management of the species in the region. The study was developed with data collected from landings in the town of Cananeia, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, from 1995 to 2009. Production data, fishing effort and CPUE were used to assess the evolution of captures. The gillnets were characterised by interviewing fishermen from 16 communities in Cananeia. White mullet fishery has aroused the interest of fishermen in the region since the 80s and today it is one of the main products of artisanal estuarine fishery off the south coast of Sao Paulo. The major landings occur in the warmer months with fish traps and gillnets being the main fishing gear used. The largest catches occur in the spawning months of the species from October to April. The highest landings varied according to different fishing gear, showing differences primarily due to trade preferences and to the structure of the fishing gear. According to the index of abundance used in this study, the resource is overfished due to the progressive increase in fishing effort, so it is suggested that measures should be taken to control fishing effort, such as special fishing permits to catch white mullet, especially with gillnets. The current management measures neither meet the needs of fishermen nor the preservation of the resource, and must be reviewed in a participatory way with management agencies and the fishery sector, ensuring greater legitimacy and success in the sustainability of the activity.
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Database
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Data Source
Authors
Mendonca,J.T., Bonfante,T.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Changing patterns of tobacco use in a middle-aged population: the role of snus, gender, age, and education 2011 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health, Umea University, Sweden. margareta.norberg@epiph.umu.se
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Global health action
Periodical, Abbrev.
Glob.Health.Action
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
4
Issue
Start Page
10.3402/gha.v4i0.5613. Epub 2011 Jun 3
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20150204; JID: 101496665; OID: NLM: PMC3118776; OTO: NOTNLM; 2010/09/10 [received]; 2011/03/21 [revised]; 2011/05/03 [accepted]; 2011/06/03 [epublish]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Sweden
ISSN/ISBN
1654-9880; 1654-9880
Accession Number
PMID: 21695071
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.3402/gha.v4i0.5613 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21695071
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In Sweden, the smoking prevalence has declined. In 2007, it was among the lowest in the industrialized world. A steady increase in the use of Swedish oral moist snuff, snus, has occurred in parallel. This development is neither solicited by authorities nor the medical establishment, but rather has occurred along with increased awareness of the dangers of smoking, and has been promoted by product development and marketing of snus. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate time trends in patterns of tobacco use in northern Sweden during 1990-2007. DESIGN: Cross-sectional (99,381 subjects) and longitudinal (26,867 subjects) data from the Vasterbotten Intervention Programme (VIP) 1990-2007 were analyzed. All adults in Vasterbotten County are invited to a VIP health examination at ages 40, 50, and 60 years, and until 1995 also 30 years. Smoking and use of snus were evaluated by gender, age and educational groups. Intermittent smoking was categorized as smoking. RESULTS: From the period 1990-1995 to the period 2002-2007, smoking prevalence decreased from 26 to 16% among men and from 27 to 18% among women. The differences in prevalence increased between educational groups. The decline in smoking was less and the increase of snus use was greater among those with basic education. The use of snus among basic-educated 40-year-olds reached 35% among men and 14% among women during 2002-2007. Dual smoking and snus use increased among men and women with basic education. Smoking without snus use was more prevalent among women. Gender differences in total smoking prevalence (smoking only plus dual use) were small in all age groups, but increased among those with basic education reaching 7.3% during 2002-2007, with women being more frequent smokers. Smoking prevalences were similar among never, former and current snus users. Among the 30,000 former smokers, 38% of men and 64% of women had never used snus. Longitudinal data showed a decline in total tobacco use from baseline until follow-up and this was mainly due to a smoking cessation rate of
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Norberg,M., Lundqvist,G., Nilsson,M., Gilljam,H., Weinehall,L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110603
PMCID
PMC3118776
Editors
Risk indicators for increased periodontal probing depth in subjects attending a public dental school in Brazil 2011 Department of Dental Clinics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. carinabogho@hotmail.com
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Oral health & preventive dentistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
Oral Health.Prev.Dent.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
9
Issue
3
Start Page
289
Other Pages
299
Notes
JID: 101167768; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1602-1622; 1602-1622
Accession Number
PMID: 22068186
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM
DOI
22338 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22068186
Abstract
PURPOSE: To assess the prevalence, extent and severity of periodontal probing depth (PD) and their association with sociodemographic and behavioural parameters in subjects attending a public dental school in Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five hundred and fifty-nine consenting participants (18 to 77 years of age) were submitted to full-mouth periodontal clinical examination and anamnesis questionnaires. The data were analysed by multivariable models using logistic regression analyses. The dependent variables were moderate (>/= 5 mm in >/= 10% of sites) and deep (>/= 7 mm in at least one site) PD. RESULTS: The prevalence of individuals with at least one site with PD >/= 5 mm or >/= 7 mm was 69% and 54%, respectively. Mean PD ranged from 2.86 to 3.08 mm, and the mean frequency of sites with moderate and deep PD ranged from 10.74% to 14.99%, and from 4.60% to 5.36%, respectively, according to age. Multivariate analyses identified a higher risk for having PD >/= 5 in >/= 10% of sites and 7 mm in at least one site in smokers (odds ratio [OR] = 10.56 and 9.10, respectively), and the presence of >10% of sites with bleeding on probing (BOP) (OR = 6.37 to 20.91, and 6.94 to 26.19, respectively). Age 36 to 50 years (OR = 1.95) and >50 years (OR = 3.15), presence of >30% of sites with supragingival biofilm (SB) (OR = 2.80), and >/= 4 missing teeth (OR = 2.26) were risk indicators for PD >/= 7 mm in at least one site. CONCLUSION: This particular Brazilian population presented high prevalence and extent of increased periodontal probing depth. Age, smoking, BOP, SB, and tooth loss were risk indicators associated with probing depth in these individuals.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Silva-Boghossian,C.M., Luiz,R., Colombo,A.P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Modifying effect of suicidal ideation on the relationship between asthma and cigarette use behaviors among Korean adolescents 2011 Department of Preventive Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Prev.Med.Public.Health.
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
44
Issue
3
Start Page
118
Other Pages
124
Notes
LR: 20150204; JID: 101242972; OID: NLM: PMC3249247; ppublish
Place of Publication
Korea (South)
ISSN/ISBN
2233-4521; 1975-8375
Accession Number
PMID: 21617337
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.3.118 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21617337
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Although cigarette smoking is known to be related to the exacerbation of asthma symptoms, several studies have indicated that the prevalence of cigarette smoking among asthmatic adolescents is similar to or even higher than that among non-asthmatic adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between asthma and cigarette use behaviors and whether or not the presence of suicidal ideation modifies this relationship among Korean adolescents. METHODS: We analyzed data from the 2008 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, which included a nationally representative sample of middle and high school students. Multiple logistic regression models were used to calculate odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals of cigarette use behaviors among current asthmatics, former asthmatics, and non-asthmatics, after adjusting for gender, grade, school records, socioeconomic status, current alcohol use, and suicidal ideation. RESULTS: Of 75 238 study participants, 3.5% were current asthmatics and 4.5% were former asthmatics. Compared with non-asthmatics, asthmatics were more likely to report current cigarette use, frequent and heavy cigarette use, and cigarette use before 13 years of age. There were statistically significant interactions between asthma and suicidal ideation in cigarette use behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that asthmatic adolescents are more likely than non-asthmatic adolescents to engage in cigarette use behaviors and the presence of suicidal ideation is an effect modifier of the relationship between asthma and cigarette use behaviors. Particular attention should be paid to the awareness of health risks of cigarette smoking and mental health problems among asthmatic adolescents.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Bae,J., Park,E.Y., Park,S.W.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC3249247
Editors
Bidi and hookah use among Canadian youth: an examination of data from the 2006 Canadian Youth Smoking Survey 2011 Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Adolesc.Health
Pub Date Free Form
Jul
Volume
49
Issue
1
Start Page
102
Other Pages
104
Notes
LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright (c) 2011; JID: 9102136; 059QF0KO0R (Water); 2010/05/25 [received]; 2010/11/16 [revised]; 2010/11/17 [accepted]; 2011/03/12 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1879-1972; 1054-139X
Accession Number
PMID: 21700168
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.11.250 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21700168
Abstract
PURPOSE: To examine the prevalence and associated factors of bidi and hookah use among Canadian youth. METHODS: Data from 41,886 grade 7 to 12 youth were used to examine factors associated with bidi and hookah use. RESULTS: Youth who are current or former cigarette smokers, have tried marijuana or alcohol, were more likely to use bidi or hookah. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest bidi and hookah use may be an emerging issue in tobacco control among youth. Findings also support an integrated approach where future prevention efforts should address multiple risk behaviors.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Chan,W.C., Leatherdale,S.T., Burkhalter,R., Ahmed,R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110312
PMCID
Editors
Characterization of Candida parapsilosis complex isolates 2011 Service of Microbiology, Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, Spain. mdt19772@hotmail.com
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Periodical, Abbrev.
Clin.Microbiol.Infect.
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
17
Issue
3
Start Page
418
Other Pages
424
Notes
LR: 20141120; CI: (c) 2010 The Authors. Clinical Microbiology and Infection (c) 2010; JID: 9516420; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Triazoles); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 9HLM53094I (anidulafungin); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole
Place of Publication
France
ISSN/ISBN
1469-0691; 1198-743X
Accession Number
PMID: 20636431
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03302.x [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20636431
Abstract
Candida parapsilosis former groups II and III have recently been established as independent species, named Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis, respectively. We investigated the distribution of C. parapsilosis complex species in 122 isolates from blood and other sources in a southern Spain tertiary-care hospital, and we examined the relationship between species, site of isolation and biofilm positivity. We also evaluated the planktonic MICs and sessile MICs (SMICs) of voriconazole, amphotericin B and anidulafungin. One hundred and eleven isolates (91%) were categorized as C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, whereas ten isolates (8.2%) were categorized as C. orthopsilosis and one (0.8%) as C. metapsilosis. Biofilm positivity was observed in 58.5% (65 of 111) of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto isolates vs. 0% (0 of 11) of C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis isolates (p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Data Source
Authors
de Toro,M., Torres,M.J., Maite,R., Aznar,J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
The relationship between nicotine dependence scores and biomarkers of exposure in adult cigarette smokers 2011 Altria Client Services, Research Development and Engineering, 601 E. Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA. raheema.s.muhammadkah@altria.com
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP
Periodical, Abbrev.
Regul.Toxicol.Pharmacol.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
60
Issue
1
Start Page
79
Other Pages
83
Notes
LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2011; JID: 8214983; 0 (Biomarkers); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 9061-29-4 (Carboxyhemoglobin); K5161X06LL (Cotinine); 2010/11/24 [received]; 2011/02/15 [revised]; 2011/02/16 [accepted]; 2011/02/20 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1096-0295; 0273-2300
Accession Number
PMID: 21342662
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.02.008 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21342662
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tobacco dependence is a multidimensional phenomenon. The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) is a widely administered six-item questionnaire used as a measure of nicotine dependence. It has been suggested that this test may not represent the entire spectrum of factors related to dependence. Also the relationship of this test with biomarkers of exposure to cigarette smoke has not been extensively studied. METHODS: Data from a multi-center, cross-sectional, ambulatory study of US adult smokers (the Total Exposure Study, TES) was analyzed. The FTND score and a number of additional questions related to smoking behavior, from an adult smoker questionnaire (ASQ) completed by 3585 adult smokers in the TES were analyzed. The 24-h urine nicotine equivalents, serum cotinine and blood carboxyhemoglobin were measured as biomarkers of exposure (BOE) to nicotine and carbon monoxide. Cigarette butts returned were collected during the 24-h urine collection period. RESULTS: The FTND showed moderate correlations with BOE, while selected questions from ASQ although statistically significant, had weaker correlations. FTND scores showed substantially weaker correlations without the question about cigarettes smoked per day (CPD). CPD and time to first cigarette (TTFC) had the most impact on BOE. CONCLUSION: Additional questions from ASQ did not appear to contribute towards refining the FTND test. The correlation of the FTND scores with nicotine and carbon monoxide seems to be primarily driven by CPD. CPD and TTFC were the most important factors correlating with exposure.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Muhammad-Kah,R.S., Hayden,A.D., Liang,Q., Frost-Pineda,K., Sarkar,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110220
PMCID
Editors
Optimization of a novel method for determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes in hair and waste water samples by carbon nanotubes reinforced sol-gel based hollow fiber solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography using factorial ex 2011 Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. zarrin eshaghi@yahoo.com
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of chromatography.A
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.A
Pub Date Free Form
27-May
Volume
1218
Issue
21
Start Page
3400
Other Pages
3406
Notes
LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2011; JID: 9318488; 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Nanotubes, Carbon); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 451W47IQ8X (Sodium Chloride); 2011/01/02 [received]; 2011/03/16 [revised]; 2011/03/17 [accepted]; 2011/04/12 [aheadofprint]
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-3778; 0021-9673
Accession Number
PMID: 21489540
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.chroma.2011.03.043 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21489540
Abstract
A novel design of solid phase microextraction fiber containing carbon nanotube reinforced sol-gel which was protected by polypropylene hollow fiber (HF-SPME) was developed for pre-concentration and determination of BTEX in environmental waste water and human hair samples. The method validation was included and satisfying results with high pre-concentration factors were obtained. In the present study orthogonal array experimental design (OAD) procedure with OA(16) (4(4)) matrix was applied to study the effect of four factors influencing the HF-SPME method efficiency: stirring speed, volume of adsorption organic solvent, extraction and desorption time of the sample solution, by which the effect of each factor was estimated using individual contributions as response functions in the screening process. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed for estimating the main significant factors and their percentage contributions in extraction. Calibration curves were plotted using ten spiking levels of BTEX in the concentration ranges of 0.02-30,000ng/mL with correlation coefficients (r) 0.989-0.9991 for analytes. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the method showed good linearity (0.3-20,000ng/L), repeatability, low limits of detections (0.49-0.7ng/L) and excellent pre-concentration factors (185-1872). The best conditions which were estimated then applied for the analysis of BTEX compounds in the real samples.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Es'haghi,Z., Ebrahimi,M., Hosseini,M.S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110412
PMCID
Editors
A discrete-event simulation of smoking-cessation strategies based on varenicline pivotal trial data 2011 United BioSource Corporation, Lexington, Massachusetts, USA.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
PharmacoEconomics
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pharmacoeconomics
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
29
Issue
6
Start Page
497
Other Pages
510
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 9212404; 0 (Benzazepines); 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 0 (Quinoxalines); W6HS99O8ZO (Varenicline); ppublish
Place of Publication
New Zealand
ISSN/ISBN
1179-2027; 1170-7690
Accession Number
PMID: 21452908
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; T
DOI
10.2165/11589230-000000000-00000 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21452908
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the US. While one in five individuals smoke, and 70% of these indicate a desire to quit,
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Xenakis,J.G., Kinter,E.T., Ishak,K.J., Ward,A.J., Marton,J.P., Willke,R.J., Davies,S., Caro,J.J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors