WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
The activity of echinocandins, amphotericin B and voriconazole against fluconazole-susceptible and fluconazole-resistant Brazilian Candida glabrata isolates	2012	Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. debora_alves6@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Periodical, Abbrev. Mem.Inst.Oswaldo Cruz Pub Date Free Form May Volume 107 Issue 3 Start Page 433 Other Pages 436 Notes LR: 20141120; JID: 7502619; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Lipopeptides); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Triazoles); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 8VZV102JFY (Fluconazole); 9HLM53094I (anidulafungin); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole); Place of Publication Brazil ISSN/ISBN 1678-8060; 0074-0276 Accession Number PMID: 22510843 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI S0074-02762012000300022 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22510843 Abstract The extensive use of azole antifungal agents has promoted the resistance of Candida spp to these drugs. Candida glabrata is a problematic yeast because it presents a high degree of primary or secondary resistance to fluconazole. In Brazil, C. glabrata has been less studied than other species. In this paper, we compared the activity of three major classes of antifungal agents (azoles, echinocandins and polyenes) against fluconazole-susceptible (FS) and fluconazole-resistant (FR) C. glabrata strains. Cross-resistance between fluconazole and voriconazole was remarkable. Among the antifungal agents, the echinocandins were the most effective against FS and FR C. glabrata and micafungin showed the lowest minimal inhibitory concentrations. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Mario,D.A., Denardi,L.B., Bandeira,L.A., Antunes,M.S., Santurio,J.M., Severo,L.C., Alves,S.H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Increasing prevalence of smoke-free homes and decreasing rates of sudden infant death syndrome in the United States: an ecological association study	2012	Center for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ibehm@hsph.harvard.edu.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 21 Issue 1 Start Page 6 Other Pages 11 Notes JID: 9209612; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2011/04/07 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 21474502 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/tc.2010.041376 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21474502 Abstract PURPOSE: This study utilises an ecological design to analyse the relation between concurrent temporal trends in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) rates and prevalence of smoke-free households with infants in the USA, controlling for an important risk factor, infant supine sleep position. METHODS: Annual state-specific SIDS cases were computed using period linked birth/infant death files; the prevalence of 100% smoke-free homes with infants using Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey data, and percentage of infants in supine sleep position from National Infant Sleep Position data, for years 1995-2006. Incidence rate ratios relating trends in SIDS cases and risk factors were determined using time-series negative binomial regression. Population-level health effects were assessed with secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure population attributable fractions and excess attributable SIDS deaths. RESULTS: For every 1% absolute increase in the prevalence of smoke-free homes with infants, SIDS rates decreased 0.4% from 1995 to 2006, controlling for supine sleep position. Nationally, it is possible that 20% of the 1326 total SIDS cases were attributable to childhood SHS exposure at home in 2006 with potentially 534 fewer infant deaths attributable to SHS exposure in 2006 than in 1995, owing to an increasing prevalence of 100% smoke-free homes with infants. Cumulatively, 4402 (lower 95% CI) to 6406 (upper 95% CI) excess SIDS cases may have been attributable to SHS exposure in the home over the 12-year study period. CONCLUSIONS: The uptake of voluntary restrictions on smoking inside the home may present a public health benefit for infants in their first year of life. In light of inherent ecological study design limitations, these results warrant further individual level research linking postnatal SHS exposure and SIDS. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Behm,I., Kabir,Z., Connolly,G.N., Alpert,H.R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110407 PMCID Editors
Use of smoking reduction strategies among U.S. tobacco quitlines	2012	Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Mail Stop 735, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 37 Issue 4 Start Page 583 Other Pages 586 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2012; JID: 7603486; 2011/08/16 [received]; 2011/10/20 [revised]; 2012/01/17 [accepted]; 2012/01/25 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 22301531 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.01.018 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22301531 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Tobacco quitlines (QLs) are efficacious and have assisted many smokers in achieving tobacco abstinence. However, most smokers are not able to achieve tobacco abstinence with QL services. QL counseling interventions for smokers who do not quit on their target quit date (TQD) and decline to set a new TQD after missing their TQD have not been systematically evaluated. METHODS: A telephone survey of tobacco QLs in the United States (US) was conducted to examine systematic approaches used with smokers who do not quit on their TQD and decline to set a new TQD. Tobacco QLs service providers were identified through the North American Quitline Consortium (NAQC). RESULTS: Fourteen service providers managing QLs of all 50 US states were identified and completed the voluntary survey. All providers recommended setting a new quit TQD if smokers did not achieve smoking cessation by their initial TQD. Six percent of US state QLs used brief motivational interviewing utilizing the "5R's" (relevance, risk, rewards, roadblocks, repetition). However, 90% of QLs had intervention protocols emphasizing smoking rate reduction. CONCLUSION: Although some US QLs utilized the "5Rs," the majority provided smoking reduction interventions for smokers not achieving tobacco cessation by their initial TQD and declining to set a new TQD. Research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of smoking rate reduction methods implemented through QLs for increasing smoking abstinence rates. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Asfar,T., Ebbert,J.O., Klesges,R.C., Klosky,J.L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120125 PMCID Editors
Differences in health and religious beliefs about tobacco use among waterpipe users in the rural male population of Egypt	2012	Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA. psingh@llu.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of religion and health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Relig.Health. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 51 Issue 4 Start Page 1216 Other Pages 1225 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: R01 TW005944/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 TW005964-05/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 TW05964-01/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01TW05944/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03 TW007345/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; GR: Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1573-6571; 0022-4197 Accession Number PMID: 21125424 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1007/s10943-010-9431-y [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21125424 Abstract Waterpipe use is a highly prevalent form of tobacco use in the Eastern Mediterranean Region that is rooted in long-held cultural traditions that predate the use of cigarettes and present a particular challenge for tobacco control efforts. We did a stratified sampling of 4,994 Egyptian men from rural households of Egypt in order to conduct an interviewer-administered prevalence survey to identify differences in attitudes and beliefs toward smoking and smoking cessation between waterpipe users, cigarette smokers, mixed users (cigarette + waterpipe), and non-smokers. We found that cigarette smokers, mixed users, and/or non-smokers were (1) two- to ninefold more likely to believe that smoking decreased adult life expectancy and harmed a fetus than waterpipe users, (2) significantly more likely to believe that smoking is a sin ("haram") than were waterpipe users. Among tobacco users, we found that cigarette smokers and/or mixed users were significantly more likely to indicate pre-contemplation, contemplation, or intention to quit tobacco than waterpipe users. Our findings from rural Egyptian men indicate that waterpipe users are distinct from cigarette smokers in their perception that their form of tobacco use is less harmful and/or less subject to religious proscription. These beliefs may explain why waterpipe users seem less inclined to quit their tobacco habit and need to be considered in the design of tobacco cessation and prevention methods in Egypt and the region. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Singh,P.N., Neergaard,J., Job,J.S., El Setouhy,M., Israel,E., Mohammed,M.K., Loffredo,C.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC3589589 Editors
Susceptibility of the inner ear structure to shunt-related decompression sickness	2012	London Hyperbaric and Wound Healing Centre, Whipps Cross University Hospital, London, UK. mihaela.ignatescu@ddrc.org	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Aviat.Space Environ.Med. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 83 Issue 12 Start Page 1145 Other Pages 1151 Notes JID: 7501714; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0095-6562; 0095-6562 Accession Number PMID: 23316542 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM; S DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23316542 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Decompression sickness (DCS) is caused by formation and growth of bubbles from excess dissolved gas in body tissues following reduction in ambient pressure. Inner ear decompression sickness (IEDCS) is a complex disorder involving the vestibulo-cochlear apparatus whose pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. METHODS: The records of 662 consecutive DCS cases treated over a 7-yr period at 2 UK hyperbaric units were examined for symptoms suggesting IEDCS (nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and hearing loss arising within 2 h of surfacing). For IEDCS cases, demographics, dive, treatment, and outcome data were extracted with particular attention to the outcome of testing for a right-to-left shunt. RESULTS: Included were 31 men and 2 women with a mean age of 46 yr (range 31-61 yr). Of these, 16 patients had isolated IEDCS and 17 patients had associated symptoms ranging from joint pain to tingling and numbness. The depth of the dive leading to the incident ranged from 49-256 ft (15-78 m). As primary treatment, 21 patients received a U.S. Navy Treatment Table 6 (USN TT6) and 11 patients received a Comex 30. No difference in the speed of recovery or number of treatments needed was seen between the two tables. All patients were advised to have a right to left shunt (RLS) check, but only 30 complied with that, with 24 (80%) testing RLS positive. CONCLUSION: Our retrospective study confirms the correlation between IEDCS and the presence of a significant patent foramen ovale (PFO). In our series 48% of patients had an isolated IEDCS. IEDCS responds slowly to treatment irrespective of the initial table used. Recovery is thought to be mainly a central compensation process. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ignatescu,M., Bryson,P., Klingmann,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Doppler bubble grades after diving and relevance of body fat	2012	Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. n.a.schellart@amc.uva.nl	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Aviat.Space Environ.Med. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 83 Issue 10 Start Page 951 Other Pages 957 Notes LR: 20140131; JID: 7501714; CIN: Aviat Space Environ Med. 2014 Jan;85(1):84-5. PMID: 24479268; CIN: Aviat Space Environ Med. 2014 Jan;85(1):84. PMID: 24479267; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0095-6562; 0095-6562 Accession Number PMID: 23066616 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM; S DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23066616 Abstract BACKGROUND: From the literature on venous gas embolism (VGE) and decompression sickness (DCS), it remains unclear whether body fat is a predisposing factor for VGE and DCS. Therefore, this study analyses body fat (range 16-44%) in relation to precordial VGE measured by Doppler bubble grades. Also examined is the effect of age (range 34-68 yr), body mass index (BMI; range 17-34 kg x m(-2)), and a model estimate of VO2(max) (maximal oxygen uptake; range 24-54 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)). METHODS: Bubble grades were determined in 43 recreational divers after an open sea air dive of 40 min to 20 m. Doppler bubble grade scores were transformed to the logarithm of the number of bubbles/cm2, logB, and the logarithm of the Kissman Integrated Severity Score (KISS) to allow numerical analysis. Statistical analyses were performed with Pearson's regular and partial correlations, and uni- and multivariate linear regressions. RESULTS: For divers in their midlife (and older), the analyses indicate that neither body fat nor BMI stimulate bubble formation, since correlations were nonsignificant. In contrast, age and especially VO2(max) appeared to determine VGE. For these types of dives it was found that logB = -1.1 + 0.02 age - 0.04Vo2(max). CONCLUSION: Based on these data we conclude that body fat and BMI seem less relevant for diving. We recommend that medical examinations pay more attention to VO2(max) and age, and that international dive institutions come to a consensus regarding VO2(max) criteria. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Schellart,N.A., Vellinga,T.P., van Dijk,F.J., Sterk,W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The effects of soil and air temperature on CO2 exchange and net biomass accumulation in Norway spruce, Scots pine and silver birch seedlings	2012	Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. jukka.pumpanen@helsinki.fi	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tree physiology Periodical, Abbrev. Tree Physiol. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 32 Issue 6 Start Page 724 Other Pages 736 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100955338; 0 (Soil); 142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide); 2012/02/15 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1758-4469; 0829-318X Accession Number PMID: 22345325 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/treephys/tps007 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22345325 Abstract Soil temperature is proposed to affect the photosynthetic rate and carbon allocation in boreal trees through sink limitation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature on CO(2) exchange, biomass partitioning and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi of boreal tree species. We measured carbon allocation, above- and below-ground CO(2) exchange and the species composition of associated ECM fungi in the rhizosphere of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies K.) and silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) seedlings grown in soil maintained at 7-12, 12-15 and 16-22 degrees C. We found increased root biomass and photosynthetic rate at higher soil temperatures, but simultaneously with photosynthesis rate, higher temperature generally increased soil respiration as well as shoot, and root and rhizosphere respiration. The net CO(2) exchange and seedling biomass did not increase significantly with increasing temperature due to a concomitant increase in carbon assimilation and respiration rates. The 2-month-long growth period in different soil temperatures did not alter the ECM fungi species composition and the below-ground carbon sink strength did not seem to be directly related to ECM biomass and species composition in any of the tree species. Ectomycorrhizal species composition and number of mycorrhiza did not explain the CO(2) exchange results at different temperatures. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Pumpanen,J., Heinonsalo,J., Rasilo,T., Villemot,J., Ilvesniemi,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120215 PMCID Editors
The association between tobacco and the risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in children and adolescents: analyses from Phase Three of the ISAAC programme	2012	Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. e.mitchell@auckland.ac.nz	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Thorax Periodical, Abbrev. Thorax Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 67 Issue 11 Start Page 941 Other Pages 949 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0417353; 2012/06/12 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3296; 0040-6376 Accession Number PMID: 22693180 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-200901 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22693180 Abstract BACKGROUND: Exposure to parental smoking is associated with wheeze in early childhood, but in 2006 the US Surgeon General stated that the evidence is insufficient to infer a causal relationship between exposure and asthma in childhood and adolescents. AIMS: To examine the association between maternal and paternal smoking and symptoms of asthma, eczema and rhinoconjunctivitis. METHODS: Parents or guardians of children aged 6-7 years completed written questionnaires about symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema, and several risk factors, including maternal smoking in the child's first year of life, current maternal smoking (and amount) and paternal smoking. Adolescents aged 13-14 years self completed the questionnaires on these symptoms and whether their parents currently smoked. RESULTS: In the 6-7-year age group there were 220 407 children from 75 centres in 32 countries. In the 13-14-year age group there were 350 654 adolescents from 118 centres in 53 countries. Maternal and paternal smoking was associated with an increased risk of symptoms of asthma, eczema and rhinoconjunctivitis in both age groups, although the magnitude of the OR is higher for symptoms of asthma than the other outcomes. Maternal smoking is associated with higher ORs than paternal smoking. For asthma symptoms there is a clear dose relationship (1-9 cigarettes/day, OR 1.27; 10-19 cigarettes/day, OR 1.35; and 20+ cigarettes/day, OR 1.56). When maternal smoking in the child's first year of life and current maternal smoking are considered, the main effect is due to maternal smoking in the child's first year of life. There was no interaction between maternal and paternal smoking. CONCLUSIONS: This study has confirmed the importance of maternal smoking, and the separate and additional effect of paternal smoking. The presence of a dose-response effect relationship with asthma symptoms suggests that the relationship is causal, however for eczema and rhinoconjunctivitis causality is less certain. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Mitchell,E.A., Beasley,R., Keil,U., Montefort,S., Odhiambo,J., ISAAC Phase Three Study Group Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120612 PMCID Editors
Graphic warning labels on plain cigarette packs: will they make a difference to adolescents?	2012	University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand. j.mccool@auckland.ac.nz	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Social science & medicine (1982) Periodical, Abbrev. Soc.Sci.Med. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 74 Issue 8 Start Page 1269 Other Pages 1273 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2012; JID: 8303205; 2010/09/09 [received]; 2011/12/15 [revised]; 2011/12/22 [accepted]; 2012/02/17 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-5347; 0277-9536 Accession Number PMID: 22385817 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.12.043 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22385817 Abstract Graphic warning labels and plain cigarette packaging are two initiatives developed to increase quit behaviour among smokers. Although a little is known about how adolescents interpret graphic warning labels, very few studies have examined how plain cigarette packaging would affect adolescents' perceptions of cigarette smoking and smoking behaviour. We explored how teens interpret and respond to graphic warning labels and the plain packaging of cigarettes, to assess the potential these strategies may offer in deterring smoking initiation. Twelve focus group interviews with a sample of 80 14-16 year old students from a diverse range of schools in Auckland, New Zealand were undertaken between June and August 2009. Textual analysis revealed that graphic warning labels may influence adolescents by reiterating a negative image of smokers. Graphic warning on a plain cigarette pack increased the attention paid to graphic warning labels and the overall perceptions of harm caused by cigarette smoking, and reduced the social appeal of cigarette smoking. This research offers evidence on how adolescents are appraising and interpreting graphic warning labels, and explores how dominant appraisals may affect the role graphic warning labels play in preventing smoking. Not only would plain cigarette packaging enhance the salience and impact of graphic warning labels, but it would potentially bolster the overall message that cigarette smoking is harmful. In the context of a comprehensive tobacco control programme, graphic warning labels on plain cigarette packaging present an explicit message about the risks (to health and image) associated with cigarette smoking. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors McCool,J., Webb,L., Cameron,L.D., Hoek,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120217 PMCID Editors
Effect of teenage smoking on the prevalence of periodontal bacteria	2012	Network of Academic Health Centers, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Helsinki, PL 41, Helsinki 00014, Finland. amkheikk@mappi.helsinki.fi	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Clinical oral investigations Periodical, Abbrev. Clin.Oral Investig. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 16 Issue 2 Start Page 571 Other Pages 580 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 9707115; 2010/06/28 [received]; 2011/02/02 [accepted]; 2011/02/22 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 1436-3771; 1432-6981 Accession Number PMID: 21340603 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D DOI 10.1007/s00784-011-0521-3 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21340603 Abstract The aim of our study was to investigate how teenage smoking affects the prevalence of periodontal bacteria and periodontal health with the hypothesis that smoking increases the prevalence of the bacteria. Oral health of 264 adolescents (15- to 16-year-olds) was clinically examined, and their smoking history was recorded. The participants also filled in a structured questionnaire recording their general health and health habits. Pooled subgingival plaque samples were taken for polymerase chain reaction analysis of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, and Treponema denticola. The prevalence of P. intermedia (21% vs. 4%, p = 0.01) and T. forsythia and T. denticola (23% vs. 8%, p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Heikkinen,A.M., Pitkaniemi,J., Kari,K., Pajukanta,R., Elonheimo,O., Koskenvuo,M., Meurman,J.H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110222 PMCID Editors

E-mail