WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Analysis of tobacco-related knowledge, attitude and related factors among college students in Guangzhou city	2013	Guangzhou Health Education Institute, Guangzhou 510403, China. Email: xxhong315@qq.com.; Guangzhou Health Education Institute, Guangzhou 510403, China.; Guangzhou Health Education Institute, Guangzhou 510403, China.; Guangzhou Health Education Institute,	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine] Periodical, Abbrev. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 47 Issue 12 Start Page 1128 Other Pages 1131 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 7904962; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication China ISSN/ISBN 0253-9624; 0253-9624 Accession Number PMID: 24529273 Language chi SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24529273 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To investigate tobacco-related knowledge, attitudes and analyze related factors among the college students in Guangzhou. METHODS: In May 2012, 11 593 college students from six universities in Guangzhou were selected and investigated by stratified cluster random sampling.Investigation content includes social demographic information, smoking behaviors, tobacco-related knowledge and attitudes. Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference about knowledge of harm of tobacco and awareness of tobacco control related legislation as well as tobacco-related attitudes between smokers and non-smokers. Factors on tobacco-related knowledge were analyzed by using rank sum test. RESULTS: Current smoking rate among undergraduates was 6.1% (706/11 593) , 11.5% (622/5388) for males and 1.4% (84/6205) for females. The awareness rate of that smoking addiction was a chronic disease in non-smokers(82.6%, 8954/10 836) was higher than that in smokers (73.1%, 509/696) (chi(2) = 40.09, P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Xu,X.H., Chen,J.W., Sun,A., He,Z.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Predictors of quit attempts and successful quit attempts in a nationally representative sample of smokers	2013	Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA. raffulc@nyspi.columbia.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 38 Issue 4 Start Page 1920 Other Pages 1923 Notes LR: 20150219; CI: Copyright (c) 2013; GR: CA0133050/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: DA019606/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: DA023200/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: DA023973/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: K02 DA023200/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United S Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 23380497 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.12.019 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23380497 Abstract Although most current smokers report that they would like to quit, most quit attempts fail suggesting that predictors of quitting attempts may differ from those of successful attempts. We examined sociodemographic and clinical predictors of quit attempts and successful quit attempts in a nationally representative sample of US adults. Data was collected in 2001-2002 (Wave 1) and 2004-2005 (Wave 2). Almost 40% of individuals who had not previously attempted to quit, tried to quit over the next three years; only 4.6% of those who tried had succeeded at the time of the evaluation. Hispanics, Asians, individuals with high income, and those with college education were less likely to attempt to quit, whereas those with daily nicotine use, younger age at first use and most symptoms of dependence were more likely to do so. Having an educational level below high school and older age at first nicotine use were predictors of successful quitting. Despite relatively high rates of quit attempts, rates of success are extremely low, indicating a gap between the public health need of decreasing tobacco use, and existing means to achieve it. Although there is a need to encourage people to quit tobacco, there may be an equally large need to develop more effective interventions that increase the rate of successful quit attempts. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Rafful,C., Garcia-Rodriguez,O., Wang,S., Secades-Villa,R., Martinez-Ortega,J.M., Blanco,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130104 PMCID PMC3578080 Editors
The effectiveness of a Web-based personalized feedback and social norms alcohol intervention on United Kingdom university students: randomized controlled trial	2013	Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom. B.M.Bewick@leeds.ac.uk.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 24-Jul Volume 15 Issue 7 Start Page e137 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150423; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC3742391; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/02/19 [received]; 2013/05/23 [accepted]; 2013/05/10 [revised]; epublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 23883616 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.2581 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23883616 Abstract BACKGROUND: Alcohol consumption in the student population continues to be cause for concern. Building on the established evidence base for traditional brief interventions, interventions using the Internet as a mode of delivery are being developed. Published evidence of replication of initial findings and ongoing development and modification of Web-based personalized feedback interventions for student alcohol use is relatively rare. The current paper reports on the replication of the initial Unitcheck feasibility trial. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of Unitcheck, a Web-based intervention that provides instant personalized feedback on alcohol consumption. It was hypothesized that use of Unitcheck would be associated with a reduction in alcohol consumption. METHODS: A randomized control trial with two arms (control=assessment only; intervention=fully automated personalized feedback delivered using a Web-based intervention). The intervention was available week 1 through to week 15. Students at a UK university who were completing a university-wide annual student union electronic survey were invited to participate in the current study. Participants (n=1618) were stratified by sex, age group, year of study, self-reported alcohol consumption, then randomly assigned to one of the two arms, and invited to participate in the current trial. Participants were not blind to allocation. In total, n=1478 (n=723 intervention, n=755 control) participants accepted the invitation. Of these, 70% were female, the age ranged from 17-50 years old, and 88% were white/white British. Data were collected electronically via two websites: one for each treatment arm. Participants completed assessments at weeks 1, 16, and 34. Assessment included CAGE, a 7-day retrospective drinking diary, and drinks consumed per drinking occasion. RESULTS: The regression model predicted a monitoring effect, with participants who completed assessments reducing alcohol consumption over the final week. Further reductions were predicted for those allocated to receive the intervention, and additional reductions were predicted as the number of visits to the intervention website increased. CONCLUSIONS: Unitcheck can reduce the amount of alcohol consumed, and the reduction can be sustained in the medium term (ie, 19 weeks after intervention was withdrawn). The findings suggest self-monitoring is an active ingredient to Web-based personalized feedback. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bewick,B.M., West,R.M., Barkham,M., Mulhern,B., Marlow,R., Traviss,G., Hill,A.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130724 PMCID PMC3742391 Editors
A qualitative exploration of young adult smokers' responses to novel tobacco warnings	2013	University of Otago, P O Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. janet.hoek@otago.ac.nz	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 25-Jun Volume 13 Issue Start Page 609 Other Pages 2458-13-609 Notes LR: 20150423; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC3694466; 2013/02/01 [received]; 2013/06/18 [accepted]; 2013/06/25 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 23800292 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-609 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23800292 Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite reduced smoking among adolescents, smoking prevalence peaks among young adults aged 18-30, many of whom believe themselves exempt from the health risks of smoking shown in warning labels. We explored how young adult smokers perceived warnings featuring proximal risks, and whether these encouraged cessation more effectively than traditional health messages. METHODS: We conducted in-depth interviews with 17 young adult smokers and explored their perceptions of current warnings as well as novel warnings representing short-term health consequences; immediate social risks, and tobacco's toxicity (denormalizing tobacco as an everyday product). We used a thematic analysis approach to explore how participants rationalized existing warnings and interpreted the novel messages. RESULTS: Participants considered the immediate social and physiological benefits they gained from smoking outweighed the distal risks shown in health warnings, which they regarded as improbable and irrelevant. Of the novel warnings, those presenting immediate social risks altered the balance of gains and losses young adults associated with smoking; however, those presenting short-term health risks or depicting tobacco as a toxin were less effective. CONCLUSIONS: Participants regarded warnings featuring proximal social risks as more salient and they were less likely to rationalise these as irrelevant. Social risk messages merit further investigation to examine their potential as a complement to traditional health warnings. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hoek,J., Hoek-Sims,A., Gendall,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130625 PMCID PMC3694466 Editors
Action to stop smoking in suspected tuberculosis (ASSIST) in Pakistan: a cluster randomized, controlled trial	2013	University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom. kamran.siddiqi@york.ac.uk	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Annals of Internal Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Ann.Intern.Med. Pub Date Free Form 7-May Volume 158 Issue 9 Start Page 667 Other Pages 675 Notes LR: 20131121; ISRCTN/ISRCTN08829879; JID: 0372351; 01ZG3TPX31 (Bupropion); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1539-3704; 0003-4819 Accession Number PMID: 23648948 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; AIM; IM DOI 10.7326/0003-4819-158-9-201305070-00006 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23648948 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco use is responsible for a large proportion of the total disease burden from tuberculosis. Pakistan is one of the 10 high-burden countries for both tuberculosis and tobacco use. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of a behavioral support intervention and bupropion in achieving 6-month continuous abstinence in adult smokers with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. DESIGN: Cluster randomized, controlled trial. (Current Controlled Trials: ISRCTN08829879) SETTING: Health centers in the Jhang and Sargodha districts in Pakistan. PATIENTS: 1955 adult smokers with suspected tuberculosis. INTERVENTION: Health centers were randomly assigned to provide 2 brief behavioral support sessions (BSS), BSS plus 7 weeks of bupropion therapy (BSS+), or usual care. MEASUREMENTS: The primary end point was continuous abstinence at 6 months after the quit date and was determined by carbon monoxide levels in patients. Secondary end points were point abstinence at 1 and 6 months. RESULTS: Both treatments led to statistically significant relative risks (RRs) for abstinence compared with usual care (RR for BSS+, 8.2 [95% CI, 3.7 to 18.2]; RR for BSS, 7.4 [CI, 3.4 to 16.4]). Equivalence between the treatments could not be established. In the BSS+ group, 275 of 606 patients (45.4% [CI, 41.4% to 49.4%]) achieved continuous abstinence compared with 254 of 620 (41.0% [CI, 37.1% to 45.0%]) in the BSS group and 52 of 615 (8.5% [CI, 6.4% to 10.9%]) in the usual care group. There was substantial heterogeneity of program effects across clusters. LIMITATIONS: Imbalances in the urban and rural proportions and smoking habits among treatment groups, and inability to confirm adherence to bupropion treatment and validate longer-term abstinence or the effect of smoking cessation on tuberculosis outcomes. CONCLUSION: Behavioral support alone or in combination with bupropion is effective in promoting cessation in smokers with suspected tuberculosis. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: International Development Research Centre. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Siddiqi,K., Khan,A., Ahmad,M., Dogar,O., Kanaan,M., Newell,J.N., Thomson,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Czech adolescent smokers: unhappy to smoke but unable to quit	2013	Centre for Tobacco-Dependent Patients, 3rd Medical Department, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Tuberc.Lung Dis. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 17 Issue 6 Start Page 842 Other Pages 846 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9706389; ppublish Place of Publication France ISSN/ISBN 1815-7920; 1027-3719 Accession Number PMID: 23676173 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.5588/ijtld.12.0753 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23676173 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of tobacco dependence among adolescents in the Czech Republic in 2010, their willingness to quit and knowledge about quitting options. METHODS: Primary, intermediate and secondary school students completed an anonymous questionnaire on tobacco use during a smoking prevention class, with a response rate of 100%. RESULTS: Of 1420 anonymous questionnaires analysed, 66.8% (n = 949) of respondents had ever tried smoking. More were from smoking (50.4%) than non-smoking (49.6%) families; there were no differences in sex. Most student smokers had experimented with cigarettes (94.6%), cigars (8%), marihuana cigarettes (4.6%) and water pipes (1.9%). At the time of the survey, 52.9% (520/949) of those who had ever tried smoking were current smokers, 30.3% smoked daily, 18.3% weekly and 4.2% less frequently. Only 20.5% of smokers had not considered quitting, and 66.9% had tried unsuccessfully to quit. Withdrawal symptoms were experienced by 24.5% (123/502) of the current smokers, indicating a high level of nicotine dependence in this age group. The majority (346/467, 74.1%) of the current smokers said they would stop smoking immediately on their own. Only a few would seek help at a pharmacy (4.9%), 3.4% would ask their doctor and 1.7% their parents. CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco dependence is prevalent among Czech adolescents. The majority of smokers wanted to stop, but knowledge about smoking cessation and quitting assistance offered to smokers was low. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kralikova,E., Kmetova,A., Zvolska,K., Blaha,M., Bortlicek,Z. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effect of environmental factors and fishing effort allocation on catch of the Spotted Eagle Ray Aetobatus narinari (Rajiformes: Myliobatidae) in Southern Gulf of Mexico	2013	Departamento de Aprovechamiento y Manejo de Recursos Acuaticos, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Av. Rancho Poligono 2-A, Ciudad Industrial, Lerma, Campeche, Mexico, C.P. 24500. ocelycz@gmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Revista de biologia tropical Periodical, Abbrev. Rev.Biol.Trop. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 61 Issue 3 Start Page 1341 Other Pages 1349 Notes JID: 0404267; ppublish Place of Publication Costa Rica ISSN/ISBN 0034-7744; 0034-7744 Accession Number PMID: 24027927 Language spa SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24027927 Abstract Aetobatus narinari represents a fisheries target in Southern Gulf of Mexico, and it is currently considered a Near Threatened species by the IUCN red list. The information available of this batoid fish includes some biological and fishery aspects; nevertheless, little is known about the factors influencing on fishing operations and catches. In order to evaluate the effect of environmental factors and the fishing effort allocation by vessels on the target fishery of A. narinari in this area, a daily basis sampling was carried out on four small-scale vessels, from January to July 2009 (the entire fishing season), in two fishing localities (Campeche and Seybaplaya). A total of 896 rays were recorded from 280 fishing trips. A General Linear Model was used to predict the factors effect on the probability that fishing operations occurred, and on the probability for captures of at least one or three or five rays per vessel-trip. The probability that fishing operations occurred off Campeche was predicted by the lunar cycle, with the highest probability in the new moon period (66%) and a probability smaller than 35% for the other periods. The probability that fishing operations occurred off Seybaplaya was predicted by wind velocity, with higher probabilities at low wind velocity than at high wind velocity, and a 50% probability of fishing operations at 12-15 km/h. Catch rates off Seybaplaya were predicted by the vessel's factor (the effect of fishing effort allocation), the North wind season and sea surface temperature. The probability for captures of at least one and three rays per vessel-trip was predicted by the vessel's factor and the North wind season. One vessel had higher catch probability (83% for at least one ray and 43% for at least three rays) than the others (69 and 70% for at least one ray and 26% for at least three rays), and during the North wind season the catch probability was higher (96% for at least one ray and 72% for at least three rays) than out of that season (68% for at least one ray and 21% for at least three rays). The probability for capture at least five rays per vessel-trip was predicted by the sea surface temperature and the North wind season. At 23 degrees C the catch probability was of 49% and the probability gradually diminished to 4% at 28 degrees C, and during the North wind season the catch probability was higher (40%) than out of that season (7%). This study shows that some environmental factors and fishermen perceptions and experience (fishing effort allocation) influence on the catch rate of A. narinari, and that these factors must be considered in future studies on elasmobranch fisheries, mainly when comparisons between catch rates among seasons or regions are analyzed. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Cuevas,E., Perez,J.C., Mendez,I. Original/Translated Title Efecto de factores ambientales y la asignacion del esfuerzo pesquero sobre las capturas de la raya Aetobatus narinari (Rajiformes: Myliobatidae) en el sur del Golfo de Mexico URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
A descriptive study of the perceptions and behaviors of waterpipe use by university students in the Western Cape, South Africa	2013	Department of Social Work, University of the Western Cape, Modderdam Road, Bellville, Cape Town 7435, South Africa. nicoletteroman@gmail.com.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco induced diseases Periodical, Abbrev. Tob Induc Dis. Pub Date Free Form 8-Feb Volume 11 Issue 1 Start Page 4 Other Pages 11/4/9625 Notes LR: 20130416; JID: 101201591; OID: NLM: PMC3600009; 2012/10/15 [received]; 2013/02/04 [accepted]; 2013/02/08 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 2070-7266; 1617-9625 Accession Number PMID: 23394683 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1186/1617-9625-11-4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23394683 Abstract BACKGROUND: Waterpipe smoking started as a cultural phenomenon but has become a social phenomenon. Hookah cafes are an increasingly popular venue for socializing. Studies suggest that waterpipe users perceive smoking the waterpipe as less addictive and harmful than cigarette smoking. The aim of this study was to assess the beliefs, and associated behaviours, regarding the health-risk of smoking the waterpipe. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with a sample of first year students at a historically black university in the Western Cape, South Africa. A self-administered questionnaire was constructed from the College Health Behaviour Survey. The final sample was 389 university students, 64% (250) females and 36% (139) males. The sample had a mean age of 22.2 years (SD = 5.04). RESULTS: Waterpipe users perceived the health risks of smoking the waterpipe to be exaggerated (48%) and less addictive (58%) than non-users (13% and 17%, p<.001 additionally="" the="" findings="" confirm="" that="" waterpipe="" smoking="" is="" conducted="" in="" a="" social="" setting="" this="" included="" on="" campus="" family="" home="" at="" party="" friend="" place="" and="" restaurant="" of="" concern="" was="" majority="" users="" smoked="" daily="" basis="" tobacco="" mix="" easily="" available="" most="" common="" self-reported="" reason="" for="" relaxation.="" conclusion:="" as="" with="" previous="" studies="" results="" study="" false="" perception="" not="" health="" risk="" socially="" acceptable.="" raise="" concerns="" an="" awareness="" implications="" children.="" provide="" important="" information="" control="" substance="" abuse="" policies="" south="" africa.="" these="" highlight="" need="" further="" research="" to="" determine="" extent="" other="" universities=""> Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Daniels,K.E., Roman,N.V. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130208 PMCID PMC3600009 Editors
On the role of abnormal DL(CO) in ex-smokers without airflow limitation: symptoms, exercise capacity and hyperpolarised helium-3 MRI	2013	Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Thorax Periodical, Abbrev. Thorax Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 68 Issue 8 Start Page 752 Other Pages 759 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: CIF#97687/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada; JID: 0417353; 0 (Antimetabolites); 206GF3GB41 (Helium); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/04/19 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3296; 0040-6376 Accession Number PMID: 23604381 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-203108 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23604381 Abstract BACKGROUND: The functional effects of abnormal diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) in ex-smokers without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are not well understood. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate and compare well established clinical, physiological and emerging imaging measurements in ex-smokers with normal spirometry and abnormal DLCO with a group of ex-smokers with normal spirometry and DLCO and ex-smokers with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage I COPD. METHODS: We enrolled 38 ex-smokers and 15 subjects with stage I COPD who underwent spirometry, plethysmography, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), 6 min Walk Test (6MWT), x-ray CT and hyperpolarised helium-3 ((3)He) MRI. The 6MWT distance (6MWD), SGRQ scores, (3)He MRI apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) and CT attenuation values below -950 HU (RA950) were evaluated. RESULTS: Of 38 ex-smokers without COPD, 19 subjects had abnormal DLCO with significantly worse ADC (p=0.01), 6MWD (p=0.008) and SGRQ (p=0.01) but not RA950 (p=0.53) compared with 19 ex-smokers with normal DLCO. Stage I COPD subjects showed significantly worse ADC (p=0.02), RA950 (p=0.0008) and 6MWD (p=0.005), but not SGRQ (p=0.59) compared with subjects with abnormal DLCO. There was a significant correlation for (3)He ADC with SGRQ (r=0.34, p=0.02) and 6MWD (r=-0.51, p=0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: In ex-smokers with normal spirometry and CT but abnormal DLCO, there were significantly worse symptoms, 6MWD and (3)He ADC compared with ex-smokers with normal DLCO, providing evidence of the impact of mild or early stage emphysema and a better understanding of abnormal DLCO and hyperpolarised (3)He MRI in ex-smokers without COPD. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kirby,M., Owrangi,A., Svenningsen,S., Wheatley,A., Coxson,H.O., Paterson,N.A., McCormack,D.G., Parraga,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130419 PMCID Editors
Racial differences in cigarette brand recognition and impact on youth smoking	2013	Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Road, Suite 300, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. Adauph@stanford.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 25-Feb Volume 13 Issue Start Page 170 Other Pages 2458-13-170 Notes LR: 20150424; GR: CA-067850/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA067850/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC3586353; 2012/04/02 [received]; 2013/02/12 [accepted]; 2013/02/25 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 23442215 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-170 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23442215 Abstract BACKGROUND: African Americans are disproportionately exposed to cigarette advertisements, particularly for menthol brands. Tobacco industry documents outline strategic efforts to promote menthol cigarettes to African Americans at the point of sale, and studies have observed more outdoor and retail menthol advertisements in neighborhoods with more African-American residents. Little research has been conducted to examine the effect of this target marketing on adolescents' recognition of cigarette brand advertising and on smoking uptake. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine racial differences in brand recognition and to assess the prospective relationship between brand recognition and smoking uptake. METHODS: School-based surveys assessing tobacco use and environmental and social influences to smoke were administered to 6th through 9th graders (ages 11 to 15) in an urban and racially diverse California school district. The primary outcome for the cross-sectional analysis (n = 2,589) was brand recognition, measured by students' identification of masked tobacco advertisements from the point of sale. The primary outcome for the longitudinal analysis (n = 1,179) was progression from never to ever smoking within 12 months. RESULTS: At baseline, 52% of students recognized the Camel brand, 36% Marlboro, and 32% Newport. African-American students were three times more likely than others to recognize Newport (OR = 3.03, CI = 2.45, 3.74, p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Dauphinee,A.L., Doxey,J.R., Schleicher,N.C., Fortmann,S.P., Henriksen,L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130225 PMCID PMC3586353 Editors

E-mail