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WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year Sort ascending | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| In vitro genoprotective and genotoxic effect of nicotine on human leukocytes evaluated by the comet assay | 2014 | Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznan , Poland. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Drug and chemical toxicology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Drug Chem.Toxicol.
Pub Date Free Form
Jul
Volume
37
Issue
3
Start Page
322
Other Pages
328
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 7801723; 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/11/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1525-6014; 0148-0545
Accession Number
PMID: 24245828
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.3109/01480545.2013.851693 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24245828
Abstract
The comet assay was used to measure the DNA damage induced in vitro by nicotine in human leukocytes as the extent of DNA migration in the comet head area, tail length, percent DNA in the tail, and Olive tail moment. Samples of whole blood were collected and blood cells were challenged with acute doses of 0.1, 1 and 10 microM of (-)-nicotine for 60 minutes. We found that nicotine treatment had dose-dependent effects on the level of DNA damage. At 1 and 10 microM of nicotine, both Olive tail moment and percent DNA in the tail significantly increased (p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Sobkowiak,R., Musidlak,J., Lesicki,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20131118
PMCID
Editors
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| The availability of electronic cigarettes in U.S. retail outlets, 2012: results of two national studies | 2014 | Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.; Barker Bi-Coast | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Jul
Volume
23 Suppl 3
Issue
Start Page
iii10
Other Pages
6
Notes
LR: 20151119; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; GR: R25 CA57726/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: U01
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 24935892
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051461 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24935892
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Since their introduction in 2007, electronic cigarette ('e-cigarette') awareness and use has grown rapidly. Little is known about variation in e-cigarette availability across areas with different levels of tobacco taxes and smoke-free air policies. This paper looks at US retail availability of e-cigarettes and factors at the store, neighbourhood and policy levels associated with it. METHODS: In-person store audit data collected in 2012 came from two national samples of tobacco retailers in the contiguous US. Study 1 collected data from a nationally representative sample of tobacco retailers (n=2165). Study 2 collected data from tobacco retailers located in school enrolment zones for nationally representative samples of 8th, 10th and 12th grade public school students (n=2526). RESULTS: In 2012, e-cigarette retail availability was 34% in study 1 and 31% in study 2. Tobacco, pharmacy and gas/convenience stores were more likely to sell e-cigarettes than beer/wine/liquor stores. Retail availability of e-cigarettes was more likely in neighbourhoods with higher median household income (study 1), and lower percent of African-American (studies 1 and 2) and Hispanic residents (study 2). Price of traditional cigarettes was inversely related to e-cigarette availability. Stores in states with an American Lung Association Smoke-Free Air grade of F (study 1) or D (study 2) compared with A had increased likelihood of having e-cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: Currently, e-cigarette availability appears more likely in areas with weak tax and smoke-free air policies. Given the substantial availability of e-cigarettes at tobacco retailers nationwide, states and localities should monitor the sales and marketing of e-cigarettes at point of sale (POS).
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Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Rose,S.W., Barker,D.C., D'Angelo,H., Khan,T., Huang,J., Chaloupka,F.J., Ribisl,K.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC4078712
Editors
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| Body mass index, smoking, and alcohol and risks of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma: a UK prospective cohort study | 2014 | Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7UY, UK, max.yates@nnuh.nhs.uk. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Digestive diseases and sciences
Periodical, Abbrev.
Dig.Dis.Sci.
Pub Date Free Form
Jul
Volume
59
Issue
7
Start Page
1552
Other Pages
1559
Notes
LR: 20151119; GR: 14136/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom; GR: C864/A14136/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom; GR: G1000143/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom; JID: 7902782; Adenocarcinoma Of Esophagus; OID: NLM: PMC4067535; 2013/08/20 [received]; 201
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1573-2568; 0163-2116
Accession Number
PMID: 24500448
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; AIM; IM
DOI
10.1007/s10620-013-3024-z [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24500448
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The timing of the risk factors cigarette smoking, alcohol and obesity in the development of Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is unclear. AIMS: To investigate these exposures in the aetiology of BE and EAC in the same population. METHODS: The cohort included 24,068 men and women, aged 39-79 years, recruited between 1993 and 1997 into the prospective EPIC-Norfolk Study who provided information on anthropometry, smoking and alcohol intake. The cohort was monitored until December 2008 and incident cases identified. RESULTS: One hundred and four participants were diagnosed with BE and 66 with EAC. A body mass index (BMI) above 23 kg/m(2) was associated with a greater risk of BE [BMI >/=23 vs. 18.5 to 23 kg/m(2)). Neither smoking nor alcohol intake were associated with risk for BE. For EAC, all BMI categories were associated with risk, although statistically significant for only the highest (BMI >35 vs. BMI 18.5 to 23 kg/m(2)). There was an inverse association with >/=7 units alcohol/week (HR 0.51, 95 % CI 0.29-0.88) and with wine (HR 0.49, 95 % CI 0.23-1.04, p = 0.06, drinkers vs. non-drinkers). CONCLUSIONS: Obesity may be involved early in carcinogenesis and the association with EAC and wine should be explored. The data have implications for aetiological investigations and prevention strategies.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Yates,M., Cheong,E., Luben,R., Igali,L., Fitzgerald,R., Khaw,K.T., Hart,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140206
PMCID
PMC4067535
Editors
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| Crystal structure of 3-({[(thio-phen-2-yl)methyl-idene]hydrazin-yl}carbon-yl)pyridinium chloride dihydrate | 2014 | PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli-20, India.; PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli-20, India.; Department of Physics, Idhaya College for Women, | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online
Periodical, Abbrev.
Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online
Pub Date Free Form
6-Aug
Volume
70
Issue
Pt 9
Start Page
o976
Other Pages
7
Notes
LR: 20141015; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC4186149; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/09/01 [ecollection]; 2014/07/24 [received]; 2014/07/30 [accepted]; 2014/08/06 [epublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1600-5368; 1600-5368
Accession Number
PMID: 25309289
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.1107/S1600536814017565 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25309289
Abstract
In the title compound, C11H10N3OS(+).Cl(-).2H2O, the organic cation exhibits a dihedral angle of 21.26 (8) degrees between the mean planes of the pyridine and thio-phene rings, and dihedral angles of 15.11 (9) and 6.49 (9) degrees between the mean planes of the hydrazide moiety and the pyridine and thio-phene rings, respectively. In the crystal, the organic cation, the chloride counter-anion and the two water mol-ecules of crystallization are linked through an intricate hydrogen-bonding network consisting of O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO, O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN, N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredCl, C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredCl, C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO, N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO, O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredCl and C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredS inter-actions that consolidate a three-dimensional network.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Chandrasekaran,T., Suresh,M., Josephine Novina,J., Syed Ali Padusha,M.K., Vasuki,G., Kasthuri,B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140806
PMCID
PMC4186149
Editors
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| Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and AmpC-producing Escherichia coli in a Libyan community | 2014 | United States Naval Medical Research Unit No,3, Cairo, Egypt. salwa.fouad.eg@med.navy.mil. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials
Periodical, Abbrev.
Ann.Clin.Microbiol.Antimicrob.
Pub Date Free Form
16-Jun
Volume
13
Issue
Start Page
22
Other Pages
0711-13-22
Notes
LR: 20150805; JID: 101152152; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); OID: NLM: PMC4107601; 2014/01/18 [received]; 2014/04/30 [accepted]; 2014/06/16 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1476-0711; 1476-0711
Accession Number
PMID: 24934873
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1186/1476-0711-13-22 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24934873
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), including the AmpC type, are important mechanisms of resistance among Enterobacteriaeceae. CTX-M type extended-spectrum beta- lactamases, of which there are now over 90 variants, are distributed globally, yet appear to vary in regional distribution. AmpC beta-lactamases hydrolyze third generation cephalosporins, but are resistant to inhibition by clavulanate or other beta-lactamase inhibitors in vitro. Fecal carriage and rates of colonization by bacteria harboring these resistance mechanisms have been reported in patients with community-acquired infections and in healthy members of their households. Expression of these ESBLs compromises the efficacy of current antibacterial therapies, potentially increasing the seriousness of hospital- and community-acquired Escherichia coli (E. coli) infections.To investigate the occurrence of ESBL-producing E. coli in human fecal flora isolated from two pediatric populations residing in the Libyan cities Zleiten and Abou El Khoms. Isolates were further studied to characterize genes encoding beta-lactam resistance, and establish genetic relationships. METHODS: Antibiotic resistance profiles of phenotypically characterized E. coli isolates recovered from the stools of 243 Libyan children during two surveillance periods in 2001 and 2007 were determined by the disk diffusion method. ESBL-screening was performed using the cephalosporin/clavulanate double synergy disc method, and the AmpC-phenotype was confirmed by the aminophenyl-boronic acid test. ESBL genes were molecularly characterized. Phylogenetic group and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were determined for ESBL-producing isolates and PFGE was performed to compare banding profiles of some dominant strains. RESULTS: ESBLs were identified in 13.4% (18/134) of E. coli isolates, and nine isolates (6.7%) demonstrated AmpC activity; all 18 isolates contained a CTX-M gene. Three CTX-M gene families (CTX-M-1, n=9; CTX-M-15, n=8 and CTX-M-3, n=1) were distributed in diverse E. coli backgrounds (phylogenetic group D, 39%; B2, 28%; B1, 22% and A, 11%). MLST analysis revealed 14 sequence type (ST) with six new sequence types. The gene encoding the CMY-2 enzyme was detected in five AmpC-positive E. coli. CONCLUSIONS: These results identified heterogeneous clones of CTX-M-producing E. coli in the fecal isolates, indicating that the intestinal tract acts as a reservoir for ESBL-producing organisms, and a trafficker of antibiotic resistance genes.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ahmed,S.F., Ali,M.M., Mohamed,Z.K., Moussa,T.A., Klena,J.D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140616
PMCID
PMC4107601
Editors
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| Endoscopic follow-up and management of Barrett's esophagus in relation to its preneoplastic potential | 2014 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Hepato-gastroenterology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Hepatogastroenterology
Pub Date Free Form
Jul-Aug
Volume
61
Issue
133
Start Page
1241
Other Pages
1245
Notes
JID: 8007849; ppublish
Place of Publication
Greece
ISSN/ISBN
0172-6390; 0172-6390
Accession Number
PMID: 25513075
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25513075
Abstract
Barrett's esophagus is an acquired clinical condition in which the squamous epithelium of the distal esophagus is replaced by a columnar epithelium. The diagnosis requires histological confirmation of specialized intestinal metaplasia, in which goblet cells must be present. Barrett's esophagus is a risk factor for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma, a tumor with an incidence and mortality have increased alarmingly in recent years in the western world. It has been estimated that the annual incidence of cancer in patients with Barrett's esophagus has increased from 0.2-2%. Once diagnosed, Barrett's esophagus is estimated to have an annual neoplastic transformation rate of 0.5% per patient. The highlights of the endoscopic diagnosis and treatment are reviewed here, as well as the screening and monitoring of this process.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Navarro-Dourdil,M., Charro-Calvillo,M., Uribarrena-Amezaga,R., Sebastian-Domingo,J.J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Substance use and sexual behaviour among female students in Nigerian universities | 2014 | University of Lagos, Nigeria.; University of Lagos, Nigeria.; Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Nigeria.; University of Lagos, Nigeria. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International quarterly of community health education
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.Q.Community Health.Educ.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
35
Issue
1
Start Page
73
Other Pages
83
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 8010942; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
0272-684X; 0272-684X
Accession Number
PMID: 25416433
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.2190/IQ.35.1.f [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25416433
Abstract
Substance use continues to constitute social and health problems, more so among adolescents and young adults. One consequence is risky sexual behavior, a major problem in sub-Saharan Africa already facing the synergistic problems of poverty and HIV/AIDS. This study of female students aged >/= 18 years in two universities in Nigeria uses a multi-stage stratified random sampling method, and each subject that gave consent to the study was administered with a structured questionnaire by trained interviewers; 2,408 female students were studied (1,854 from the University of Ibadan and 554 from the Bayero University, Kano). The mean age of the respondents was 21.6 (SD = 2.9), and about two-thirds (65.7%) were aged between 20-24, with 2,204 (91.5%) being single and 4.3% married. In all, 23.4% of the subjects used one form of substance. Alcoholic drinks of palm wine, alcoholic wine, and beer were the most common of substances used (22.7%), followed by tobacco (2%) and cannabis (1%). Substance use was significantly associated with religious affiliation of the students (p
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Oye-Adeniran,B.A., Aina,O.F., Gbadegesin,A., Ekanem,E.E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
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| Simultaneous analysis of phthalates, adipate and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in edible oils using isotope dilution-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry | 2014 | a Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul , Republic of Korea. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Food additives & contaminants.Part B, Surveillance
Periodical, Abbrev.
Food Addit Contam.Part B.Surveill.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
7
Issue
3
Start Page
168
Other Pages
175
Notes
LR: 20160518; JID: 101317183; 0 (Adipates); 0 (Isotopes); 0 (Phthalic Acids); 0 (Plant Oils); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 6O7F7IX66E (phthalic acid); 76A0JE0FKJ (adipic acid); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/02/05 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1939-3229; 1939-3210
Accession Number
PMID: 25029399
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1080/19393210.2013.869770 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25029399
Abstract
A method for simultaneous determination of 12 priority phthalates, adipate and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in edible oils by isotope dilution-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ID-GC-MS) was developed for fast, accurate and trace analysis. The extraction and clean-up procedures were optimised, and using stable isotope-labelled internal standards for each analyte, relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.92-10.6% and spiked sample recoveries of 80.6-97.8% were obtained. Limits of detection for PAHs were in the range of 0.15-0.77 microg/kg and those for phthalates were in the range of 4.6-10.0 microg/kg. The calibration curves exhibited good linearities with regression coefficients of R(2) >/= 0.99. Twelve edible oils were examined to evaluate the efficiency of this method. Among the 12 analytes, dibutyl phthalates (DBP), diethylhexyl phthalates (DEHP), diethylhexyl adipate (DEHA), benzo[a]anthracene (B[a]A), chrysene (Chry) and benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F) were detected in the range of 1.17-806 microg/kg.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Oh,M.S., Lee,S.H., Moon,M.H., Lee,D.S., Park,H.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140205
PMCID
Editors
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| Multiple species of Trichosporon produce biofilms highly resistant to triazoles and amphotericin B | 2014 | Laboratorio Especial de Micologia, Disciplina de Infectologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Laboratorio Especial de Micologia, Disciplina de Infectologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departamento | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
PloS one
Periodical, Abbrev.
PLoS One
Pub Date Free Form
31-Oct
Volume
9
Issue
10
Start Page
e109553
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20151029; JID: 101285081; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (DNA, Ribosomal); 0 (Triazoles); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); OID: NLM: PMC4215839; 2014 [ecollection]; 2014/05/09 [received]; 2014/07/30 [accepted]; 2014/10/31 [epublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1932-6203; 1932-6203
Accession Number
PMID: 25360765
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0109553 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25360765
Abstract
Invasive infections caused by Trichosporon spp. have increased considerably in recent years, especially in neutropenic and critically ill patients using catheters and antibiotics. The genus presents limited sensitivity to different antifungal agents, but triazoles are the first choice for treatment. Here, we investigated the biofilm production and antifungal susceptibility to triazoles and amphotericin B of 54 Trichosporon spp. isolates obtained from blood samples (19), urine (20) and superficial mycosis (15). All isolates and 7 reference strains were identified by sequence analysis and phylogenetic inferences of the IGS1 region of the rDNA. Biofilms were grown on 96-well plates and quantitation was performed using crystal violet staining, complemented with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Susceptibility tests for fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B were processed using the microdilution broth method (CLSI) for planktonic cells and XTT reduction assay for biofilm-forming cells. Our results showed that T. asahii was the most frequent species identified (66.7%), followed by T. faecale (11.1%), T. asteroides (9.3%), T. inkin (7.4%), T. dermatis (3.7%) and one T. coremiiforme (1.8%). We identified 4 genotypes within T. asahii isolates (G1, G3, G4 and G5) and 2 genotypes within T. faecale (G1 and G3). All species exhibited high adhesion and biofilm formation capabilities, mainly T. inkin, T. asteroides and T. faecale. Microscopy images of high biofilm-producing isolates showed that T. asahii presented mainly hyphae and arthroconidia, whereas T. asteroides exhibited mainly short arthroconidia and few filaments. Voriconazole exhibited the best in vitro activity against all species tested. Biofilm-forming cells of isolates and reference strains were highly resistant to all antifungals tested. We concluded that levels of biofilm formation by Trichosporon spp. were similar or even greater than those described for the Candida genus. Biofilm-forming cells were at least 1,000 times more resistant to antifungals than planktonic cells, especially to voriconazole.
Descriptors
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Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Iturrieta-Gonzalez,I.A., Padovan,A.C., Bizerra,F.C., Hahn,R.C., Colombo,A.L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141031
PMCID
PMC4215839
Editors
|
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| Characterizing the followers and tweets of a marijuana-focused Twitter handle | 2014 | Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. rehgp@psychiatry.wustl.edu. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of medical Internet research
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Med.Internet Res.
Pub Date Free Form
27-Jun
Volume
16
Issue
6
Start Page
e157
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20150805; GR: K01DA025733/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: K02 DA021237/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: KL2 RR024994/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States; GR: KL2 RR024994/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States; GR: KL2 TR000450/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; G
Place of Publication
Canada
ISSN/ISBN
1438-8871; 1438-8871
Accession Number
PMID: 24974893
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.2196/jmir.3247 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24974893
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Twitter is a popular social media forum for sharing personal experiences, interests, and opinions. An improved understanding of the discourse on Twitter that encourages marijuana use can be helpful for tailoring and targeting online and offline prevention messages. OBJECTIVES: The intent of the study was to assess the content of "tweets" and the demographics of followers of a popular pro-marijuana Twitter handle (@stillblazingtho). METHODS: We assessed the sentiment and content of tweets (sent from May 1 to December 31, 2013), as well as the demographics of consumers that follow a popular pro-marijuana Twitter handle (approximately 1,000,000 followers) using Twitter analytics from Demographics Pro. This analytics company estimates demographic characteristics based on Twitter behavior/usage, relying on multiple data signals from networks, consumption, and language and requires confidence of 95% or above to make an estimate of a single demographic characteristic. RESULTS: A total of 2590 tweets were sent from @stillblazingtho during the 8-month period and 305 (11.78%) replies to another Twitter user were excluded for qualitative analysis. Of the remaining 2285 tweets, 1875 (82.06%) were positive about marijuana, 403 (17.64%) were neutral, and 7 (0.31%) appeared negative about marijuana. Approximately 1101 (58.72%) of the positive marijuana tweets were perceived as jokes or humorous, 340 (18.13%) implied that marijuana helps you to feel good or relax, 294 (15.68%) mentioned routine, frequent, or heavy use, 193 (10.29%) mentioned blunts, marijuana edibles, or paraphernalia (eg, bongs, vaporizers), and 186 (9.92%) mentioned other risky health behaviors (eg, tobacco, alcohol, other drugs, sex). The majority (699,103/959,143; 72.89%) of @stillblazingtho followers were 19 years old or younger. Among people ages 17 to 19 years, @stillblazingtho was in the top 10% of all Twitter handles followed. More followers of @stillblazingtho in the United States were African American (323,107/759,407; 42.55%) or Hispanic (90,732/759,407; 11.95%) than the Twitter median average (African American 22.4%, inter-quartile ratio [IQR] 5.1-62.5%; Hispanic 5.4%, IQR 3.0-10.8%) and among Hispanics, @stillblazingtho was in the top 30% of all Twitter handles followed. CONCLUSIONS: Young people are especially responsive to social media influences and often establish substance use patterns during this phase of development. Our findings underscore the need for surveillance efforts to monitor the pro-marijuana content reaching young people on Twitter.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cavazos-Rehg,P., Krauss,M., Grucza,R., Bierut,L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140627
PMCID
PMC4090385
Editors
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