Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year Sort ascending | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Avoidance of cigarette pack health warnings among regular cigarette smokers | 2014 | MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, United Kingdom; UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, United Kingdom; School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, United Kingdom. Electronic address: olivia.maynard@bristol.ac.uk | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Drug and alcohol dependence
Periodical, Abbrev.
Drug Alcohol Depend.
Pub Date Free Form
1-Mar
Volume
136
Issue
Start Page
170
Other Pages
174
Notes
LR: 20160805; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; GR: MC_UU_12013/6/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom; GR: British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom; GR: Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom; JID: 7513587; EMS69285; OID: NLM: EMS69285; OID: NLM: PMC4959561; OTO: NOT
Place of Publication
Ireland
ISSN/ISBN
1879-0046; 0376-8716
Accession Number
PMID: 24485554
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.01.001 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24485554
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previous research with adults and adolescents indicates that plain cigarette packs increase visual attention to health warnings among non-smokers and non-regular smokers, but not among regular smokers. This may be because regular smokers: (1) are familiar with the health warnings, (2) preferentially attend to branding, or (3) actively avoid health warnings. We sought to distinguish between these explanations using eye-tracking technology. METHOD: A convenience sample of 30 adult dependent smokers participated in an eye-tracking study. Participants viewed branded, plain and blank packs of cigarettes with familiar and unfamiliar health warnings. The number of fixations to health warnings and branding on the different pack types were recorded. RESULTS: Analysis of variance indicated that regular smokers were biased towards fixating the branding rather than the health warning on all three pack types. This bias was smaller, but still evident, for blank packs, where smokers preferentially attended the blank region over the health warnings. Time-course analysis showed that for branded and plain packs, attention was preferentially directed to the branding location for the entire 10s of the stimulus presentation, while for blank packs this occurred for the last 8s of the stimulus presentation. Familiarity with health warnings had no effect on eye gaze location. CONCLUSION: Smokers actively avoid cigarette pack health warnings, and this remains the case even in the absence of salient branding information. Smokers may have learned to divert their attention away from cigarette pack health warnings. These findings have implications for cigarette packaging and health warning policy.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.. All rights reserved
Data Source
Authors
Maynard,O.M., Attwood,A., O'Brien,L., Brooks,S., Hedge,C., Leonards,U., Munafo,M.R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140115
PMCID
PMC4959561
Editors
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| Determination of cyclic and linear siloxanes in wastewater samples by ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry | 2014 | Labaqua S.A., C/Dracma 16-18, Pol. Ind. Las Atalayas, 03114 Alicante, Spain.; Labaqua S.A., C/Dracma 16-18, Pol. Ind. Las Atalayas, 03114 Alicante, Spain.; Departamento de Quimica Analitica, Nutricion y Bromatologia e Instituto de Materiales, Universidad | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Talanta
Periodical, Abbrev.
Talanta
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
120
Issue
Start Page
191
Other Pages
197
Notes
CI: (c) 2013; JID: 2984816R; 0 (Siloxanes); 0 (Solvents); 0 (Waste Water); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/07/23 [received]; 2013/11/08 [revised]; 2013/11/14 [accepted]; 2013/12/02 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-3573; 0039-9140
Accession Number
PMID: 24468359
Language
eng
SubFile
Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.talanta.2013.11.042 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24468359
Abstract
A fast, simple and environmentally friendly ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (USA-DLLME) procedure has been developed to preconcentrate eight cyclic and linear siloxanes from wastewater samples prior to quantification by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A two-stage multivariate optimization approach has been developed employing a Plackett-Burman design for screening and selecting the significant factors involved in the USA-DLLME procedure, which was later optimized by means of a circumscribed central composite design. The optimum conditions were: extractant solvent volume, 13 microL; solvent type, chlorobenzene; sample volume, 13 mL; centrifugation speed, 2300 rpm; centrifugation time, 5 min; and sonication time, 2 min. Under the optimized experimental conditions the method gave levels of repeatability with coefficients of variation between 10 and 24% (n=7). Limits of detection were between 0.002 and 1.4 microg L(-1). Calculated calibration curves gave high levels of linearity with correlation coefficient values between 0.991 and 0.9997. Finally, the proposed method was applied for the analysis of wastewater samples. Relative recovery values ranged between 71 and 116% showing that the matrix had a negligible effect upon extraction. To our knowledge, this is the first time that combines LLME and GC-MS for the analysis of methylsiloxanes in wastewater samples.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Cortada,C., dos Reis,L.C., Vidal,L., Llorca,J., Canals,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20131202
PMCID
Editors
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| The clinical significance of typical reflux symptoms in diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease | 2014 | Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.; Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China. Email: zhoumed@126.com.; Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University T | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Zhonghua nei ke za zhi
Periodical, Abbrev.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi
Pub Date Free Form
Jul
Volume
53
Issue
7
Start Page
517
Other Pages
520
Notes
JID: 16210490R; ppublish
Place of Publication
China
ISSN/ISBN
0578-1426; 0578-1426
Accession Number
PMID: 25264004
Language
chi
SubFile
English Abstract; Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25264004
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical significance of typical reflux symptoms in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). METHODS: Consecutive patients older than 16 years, who initially visited department of gastroenterology at clinic of Peking University Third Hospital from May 9, 2012 to Dec 31, 2012, were required to complete a self-reported GERD questionnaire. Upper endoscopy was performed in some selected patients. RESULTS: A total of 18 987 patients were enrolled with a response rate of 91.5%. The prevalence of symptom-defined GERD was 13.6% (2 579/18 987). A total of 4 357 (22.9%) patients underwent the upper endoscopy, and the diagnostic rates of reflux esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, peptic ulcer disease, and upper gastrointestinal malignancy were 13.1% (572/4 357), 1.8% (78/4 357), 10.5% (456/4 357), and 1.7% (75/4 357), respectively. The incidence of reflux esophagitis was 22.7% (216/951) in patients with reflux symptoms and 10.5% (356/3 406) (P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lin,L., Zhou,L., Wang,Y., Lu,S., Zhang,Y., Ding,S., Lin,S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Crystal structure of (E)-4-hy-droxy-N'-(3-hy-droxy-benzyl-idene)benzohydrazide monohydrate | 2014 | Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland.; Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland.; Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online
Periodical, Abbrev.
Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online
Pub Date Free Form
1-Aug
Volume
70
Issue
Pt 9
Start Page
o891
Other Pages
2
Notes
LR: 20141015; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC4186143; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/09/01 [ecollection]; 2014/05/21 [received]; 2014/05/22 [accepted]; 2014/08/01 [epublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1600-5368; 1600-5368
Accession Number
PMID: 25309238
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.1107/S1600536814011908 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25309238
Abstract
In the title benzohydrazide hydrate, C14H12N2O3.H2O, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 58.11 (6) degrees and the C=O and N-H groups adopt an anti orientation. The main twist in the mol-ecule occurs about the C(=O)-Car (ar = aromatic) bond, with an N-C(=O)-Car-Car torsion angle of -43.5 (2) degrees . In the crystal, the components are linked by N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO, O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN and O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds. These inter-actions generate [10-1] chains, with adjacent organic mol-ecules linked by inversion symmetry generating either pairs of N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO links [R 2 (2)(16) loops] or pairs of O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO links [R 2 (2)(20) loops]. Pairs of water mol-ecules are located in the R 2 (2)(20) loops and form their own O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO and O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bonds to adjacent organic mol-ecules in the chain. Finally, an inter-chain O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen-bond link from the 4-hy-droxy group generates (010) sheets.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Harrison,W.T., Low,J.N., Wardell,J.L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140801
PMCID
PMC4186143
Editors
|
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| Quinacrine inhibits Candida albicans growth and filamentation at neutral pH | 2014 | Section of Infectious Diseases, New Mexico Veterans Health Care System, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.; Section of Infectious Diseases, New Mexico Veterans Health Care System, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA Division of Infectious Diseases, University of New | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Periodical, Abbrev.
Antimicrob.Agents Chemother.
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
58
Issue
12
Start Page
7501
Other Pages
7509
Notes
LR: 20151029; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; GR: K12 GM088021/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 0315061; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Antiprotozoal Agents); 0 (Drug Combinations); 0 (Echinocandins); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 8VZV102JFY (Fluconazole); F0XDI6ZL
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1098-6596; 0066-4804
Accession Number
PMID: 25288082
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM
DOI
10.1128/AAC.03083-14 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25288082
Abstract
Candida albicans is a common cause of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CR-BSI), in part due to its strong propensity to form biofilms. Drug repurposing is an approach that might identify agents that are able to overcome antifungal drug resistance within biofilms. Quinacrine (QNC) is clinically active against the eukaryotic protozoan parasites Plasmodium and Giardia. We sought to investigate the antifungal activity of QNC against C. albicans biofilms. C. albicans biofilms were incubated with QNC at serially increasing concentrations (4 to 2,048 mug/ml) and assessed using a 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay in a static microplate model. Combinations of QNC and standard antifungals were assayed using biofilm checkerboard analyses. To define a mechanism of action, QNC was assessed for the inhibition of filamentation, effects on endocytosis, and pH-dependent activity. High-dose QNC was effective for the prevention and treatment of C. albicans biofilms in vitro. QNC with fluconazole had no interaction, while the combination of QNC and either caspofungin or amphotericin B demonstrated synergy. QNC was most active against planktonic growth at alkaline pH. QNC dramatically inhibited filamentation. QNC accumulated within vacuoles as expected and caused defects in endocytosis. A tetracycline-regulated VMA3 mutant lacking vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) function demonstrated increased susceptibility to QNC. These experiments indicate that QNC is active against C. albicans growth in a pH-dependent manner. Although QNC activity is not biofilm specific, QNC is effective in the prevention and treatment of biofilms. QNC antibiofilm activity likely occurs via several independent mechanisms: vacuolar alkalinization, inhibition of endocytosis, and impaired filamentation. Further investigation of QNC for the treatment and prevention of biofilm-related Candida CR-BSI is warranted.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved
Data Source
Authors
Kulkarny,V.V., Chavez-Dozal,A., Rane,H.S., Jahng,M., Bernardo,S.M., Parra,K.J., Lee,S.A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141006
PMCID
PMC4249548
Editors
|
|||
| Prediction equations for pulmonary function values in healthy children in Mashhad city, North East Iran | 2014 | Department of Physiology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; Department of Physiology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran ; Neurogenic inflammation Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Res.Med.Sci.
Pub Date Free Form
Feb
Volume
19
Issue
2
Start Page
128
Other Pages
133
Notes
LR: 20140507; JID: 101235599; OID: NLM: PMC3999598; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/06/10 [received]; 2013/08/24 [revised]; 2013/10/23 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Iran
ISSN/ISBN
1735-1995; 1735-1995
Accession Number
PMID: 24778666
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24778666
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are used in assessing physiological to clinical status of the respiratory system, which is expressed as a percentage of predicted values. Predicted PFTs values are varies in different ethnics. Predicted PFTs values were studied in a sample of Iranian children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prediction equations for PFTs were derived from urban children in the city of Mashhad (northeast Iran). Regression analysis using height and age as independent variables was applied to provide predicted values for both sexes. PFT values were measured in 414 healthy children (192 boy and 222 female, aged 4-10 years). Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF), peak expiratory flow (PEF), MEF at 75%, 50% and 25% of the FVC (MEF75, MEF50 and MEF25 respectively) were measured. RESULTS: There were positive correlations between each pulmonary function variable with height and age. The largest positive correlations were found for FVC (r = 0.712, P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Tabatabaie,S.S., Boskabady,M.H., Mohammadi,S.S., Mohammadi,O., Saremi,P., Amery,S., Esmaili,H., Ghafari,Z., Boskabady,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC3999598
Editors
|
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| Psychopathological problems and psychosocial impairment in children and adolescents aged 3-17 years in the German population: prevalence and time trends at two measurement points (2003-2006 and 2009-2012): results of the KiGGS study: first follow-up (KiGG | 2014 | Abteilung fur Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Robert Koch-Institut, General-Pape-Strasse 62-66, 12101, Berlin, Deutschland, HoellingH@rki.de. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz
Periodical, Abbrev.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz
Pub Date Free Form
Jul
Volume
57
Issue
7
Start Page
807
Other Pages
819
Notes
LR: 20160707; JID: 101181368; ppublish
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1437-1588; 1436-9990
Accession Number
PMID: 24950830
Language
ger
SubFile
English Abstract; Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1007/s00103-014-1979-3 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24950830
Abstract
Child and adolescent mental health problems burden not only the individual, but also their families and their social environment and may, therefore, be regarded as a highly relevant public health issue. The data on mental health problems of children and adolescents from the KiGGS Wave 1 study (sample period 2009-2012) make it possible to report on both current prevalence rates and time trends over the 6-year period beginning with the KiGGS baseline survey (2003-2006). The assessment of emotional and behavioral problems in KiGGS Wave 1 was carried out with the symptoms questionnaire of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in a telephone interview with 10,353 guardians of children and adolescents aged 3-17 years. Moreover, using the SDQ impact supplement, the KIGGS Wave 1 data provide information on psychosocial impairment following child and adolescent mental health problems. Subjects with a borderline or abnormal SDQ score, according to German normative data, were considered at risk. A total of 20.2% (95% CI: 18.9-21.6%) of the study subjects were identified as being at risk for a mental health disorder, compared with 20.0% (19.1-20.9%) during the KiGGS baseline study (age-standardized based on population from 12 December 2010). Thus, no significant changes over time in the prevalence of mental health problems were detected. Also, there were no statistically significant differences in prevalence by sex, age group, or socioeconomic status between the KiGGS baseline survey and KiGGS Wave 1. The statistical comparison of the subscale mean values for both girls and boys showed higher values with respect to the subscales for emotional problems, behavioral problems, and prosocial behavior and lower mean values for the peer problems subscale in KiGGS Wave 1. These partly small temporal trends, however, may be due to possible mode effects (written questionnaire in the KiGGS baseline study versus telephone interview in KiGGS Wave 1). The hyperactivity subscale remained stable across the two sample periods. Regarding impairments following mental health problems at the second sample period, boys were more affected in the areas of chronicity, family burden, and impact score. The high and stable prevalence rates and magnitude of emotional and behavioral problems should prompt increased preventive efforts.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Holling,H., Schlack,R., Petermann,F., Ravens-Sieberer,U., Mauz,E., KiGGS Study Group
Original/Translated Title
Psychische Auffalligkeiten und psychosoziale Beeintrachtigungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen im Alter von 3 bis 17 Jahren in Deutschland - Pravalenz und zeitliche Trends zu 2 Erhebungszeitpunkten (2003-2006 und 2009-2012) : Ergebnisse der KiGGS-Studie - E
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Field validation of Tasmania's aquaculture industry bounce-diving schedules using Doppler analysis of decompression stress | 2014 | Faculty of Heath Sciences, University of Tasmania, Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Royal Hobart Hospital Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia, Phone: +61-(03)-6222-8193, Fax: +61-(03)-6222-7268, E-mail: david.smart@dhhs.tas.gov.au.; Department of | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Diving and hyperbaric medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Diving.Hyperb.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
44
Issue
3
Start Page
124
Other Pages
136
Notes
LR: 20160128; JID: 101282742; EIN: Diving Hyperb Med. 2015 Dec;45(4):270. PMID: 26687317; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/02/09 [received]; 2014/07/01 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Australia
ISSN/ISBN
1833-3516; 1833-3516
Accession Number
PMID: 25311318
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Observational Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Validation Studies; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25311318
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Tasmania's aquaculture industry produces over 40,000 tonnes of fish annually, valued at over AUD500M. Aquaculture divers perform repetitive, short-duration bounce dives in fish pens to depths up to 21 metres' sea water (msw). Past high levels of decompression illness (DCI) may have resulted from these 'yo-yo' dives. This study aimed to assess working divers, using Doppler ultrasonic bubble detection, to determine if yo-yo diving was a risk factor for DCI, determine dive profiles with acceptable risk and investigate productivity improvement. METHODS: Field data were collected from working divers during bounce diving at marine farms near Hobart, Australia. Ascent rates were less than 18 m.min(-)(1), with routine safety stops (3 min at 3 msw) during the final ascent. The Kisman-Masurel method was used to grade bubbling post dive as a means of assessing decompression stress. In accordance with Defence Research and Development Canada Toronto practice, dives were rejected as excessive risk if more than 50% of scores were over Grade 2. RESULTS: From 2002 to 2008, Doppler data were collected from 150 bounce-dive series (55 divers, 1,110 bounces). Three series of bounce profiles, characterized by in-water times, were validated: 13-15 msw, 10 bounces inside 75 min; 16-18 msw, six bounces inside 50 min; and 19-21 msw, four bounces inside 35 min. All had median bubble grades of 0. Further evaluation validated two successive series of bounces. Bubble grades were consistent with low-stress dive profiles. Bubble grades did not correlate with the number of bounces, but did correlate with ascent rate and in-water time. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest bounce diving was not a major factor causing DCI in Tasmanian aquaculture divers. Analysis of field data has improved industry productivity by increasing the permissible number of bounces, compared to earlier empirically-derived tables, without compromising safety. The recommended Tasmanian Bounce Diving Tables provide guidance for bounce diving to a depth of 21 msw, and two successive bounce dive series in a day's diving.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Smart,D.R., Van den Broek,C., Nishi,R., Cooper,P.D., Eastman,D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
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| Time trends of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in New York City from 2001 to 2012: assessed by repeat air and urine samples | 2014 | Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630W. 168 Street, New York, NY 10032, United States.; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental research
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
131
Issue
Start Page
95
Other Pages
103
Notes
LR: 20150806; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; GR: P01 ES009600/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States; GR: P01ES09600/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30 ES009089/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30ES09089/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 ES015905/ES/NIEHS
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1096-0953; 0013-9351
Accession Number
PMID: 24709094
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.envres.2014.02.017 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24709094
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Exposure to air pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and specifically pyrene from combustion of fuel oil, coal, traffic and indoor sources, has been associated with adverse respiratory health outcomes. However, time trends of airborne PAH and metabolite levels detected via repeat measures over time have not yet been characterized. We hypothesized that PAH levels, measured repeatedly from residential indoor and outdoor monitors, and childrens urinary concentrations of PAH metabolites, would decrease following policy interventions to reduce traffic-related air pollution. METHODS: Indoor PAH (particle- and gas-phase) were collected for two weeks prenatally (n=98), at age 5/6 years (n=397) and age 9/10 years (n=198) since 2001 and at all three age-points (n=27). Other traffic-related air pollutants (black carbon and PM2.5) were monitored indoors simultaneous with PAH monitoring at ages 5/6 (n=403) and 9/10 (n=257) between 2005 and 2012. One third of the homes were selected across seasons for outdoor PAH, BC and PM2.5 sampling. Using the same sampling method, ambient PAH, BC and PM2.5 also were monitored every two weeks at a central site between 2007 and 2012. PAH were analyzed as semivolatile PAH (e.g., pyrene; MW 178-206) ( summation operator8PAH(semivolatile): Including pyrene (PYR), phenanthrene (PHEN), 1-methylphenanthrene (1-MEPH), 2-methylphenanthrene (2-MEPH), 3-methylphenanthrene (3-MEPH), 9-methylphenanthrene (9-MEPH), 1,7-dimethylphenanthrene (1,7-DMEPH), and 3,6-dimethylphenanthrene (3,6-DMEPH)) and the sum of eight nonvolatile PAH ( summation operator8PAH(nonvolatile): Including benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), chrysene/iso-chrysene (Chry), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbFA), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkFA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene (IP), dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (DahA), and benzo[g,h,i]perylene (BghiP); MW 228-278). A spot urine sample was collected from children at child ages 3, 5, 7 and 9 between 2001 and 2012 and analyzed for 10 PAH metabolites. RESULTS: Modest declines were detected in indoor BC and PM2.5 levels between 2005 and 2012 (Annual percent change [APC]=-2.08% [p=0.010] and -2.18% [p=0.059] for BC and PM2.5, respectively), while a trend of increasing pyrene levels was observed in indoor and outdoor samples, and at the central site during the comparable time periods (APC=4.81%, 3.77% and 7.90%, respectively; p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Jung,K.H., Liu,B., Lovinsky-Desir,S., Yan,B., Camann,D., Sjodin,A., Li,Z., Perera,F., Kinney,P., Chillrud,S., Miller,R.L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140405
PMCID
PMC4031101
Editors
|
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| Polymeric ionic liquid bucky gels as sorbent coatings for solid-phase microextraction | 2014 | Department of Chemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.; Department of Chemistry, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA. Electronic add | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of chromatography.A
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.A
Pub Date Free Form
30-May
Volume
1344
Issue
Start Page
15
Other Pages
22
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 9318488; 0 (Gels); 0 (Ionic Liquids); 0 (Ions); 0 (Nanotubes, Carbon); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Polymers); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/02/24 [received]; 2014/04/03 [revised]; 2014/04/04 [accepted]; 2014/04/13 [aheadofpr
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-3778; 0021-9673
Accession Number
PMID: 24768123
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.013 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24768123
Abstract
Novel cross-linked polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) bucky gels were formed by free-radical polymerization of polymerizable ionic liquids gelled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and used as sorbent coatings for solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The combination of PIL with MWCNTs significantly enhanced the pi-pi interaction between the sorbent coatings and the aromatic analytes. Compared to the neat PIL-based sorbent coating, the PIL bucky gel sorbent coatings demonstrated higher extraction efficiency for the extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A partitioning extraction mechanism was observed for the PIL/MWCNT-based sorbent coatings indicating that the addition of MWCNTs did not seem to affect the extraction mechanism of the sorbent coating. The analyte-to-coating partition coefficients (logKfs) were estimated and the limits of detection (LOD) for selected PIL bucky gel sorbent coating were determined to be in the range of 1-2.5 ng L(-1). Recovery studies were also performed for PAHs in river and tap water to validate the applicability of the developed method.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Zhang,C., Anderson,J.L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140413
PMCID
Editors
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