WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Rapid intervention to reduce Ebola transmission in a remote village - Gbarpolu County, Liberia, 2014	2015		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 27-Feb Volume 64 Issue 7 Start Page 175 Other Pages 178 Notes JID: 7802429; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 25719678 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI mm6407a3 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25719678 Abstract As late as September 14, 2014, Liberia's Gbarpolu County had reported zero cases of Ebola virus disease (Ebola). On October 25, the Bong County Health Team, a local health department in the Liberian Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MOHSW), received confirmation of Ebola in a man who had recently left Geleyansiesu, a remote village of approximately 800 residents, after his wife and daughter had died of illnesses consistent with Ebola. MOHSW requested assistance from CDC, the World Health Organization, and other international partners to investigate and confirm the outbreak in Geleyansiesu and begin interventions to interrupt transmission. A total of 22 cases were identified, of which 18 (82%) were laboratory confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. There were 16 deaths (case-fatality rate = 73%). Without road access to or direct telecommunications with the village, interventions had to be tailored to the local context. Public health interventions included 1) education of the community about Ebola, transmission of the virus, signs and symptoms, the importance of isolating ill patients from family members, and the potential benefits of early diagnosis and treatment; 2) establishment of mechanisms to alert health authorities of possibly infected persons leaving the village to facilitate safe transport to the closest Ebola treatment unit (ETU); 3) case investigation, contact tracing, and monitoring of contacts; 4) training in hygienic burial of dead bodies; 5) active case finding and diagnosis; and 6) isolation and limited no-touch treatment in the village of patients unwilling or unable to seek care at an ETU. The findings of this investigation could inform interventions aimed at controlling focal outbreaks in difficult-to-reach communities, which has been identified as an important component of the effort to eliminate Ebola from Liberia. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Blackley,D.J., Lindblade,K.A., Kateh,F., Broyles,L.N., Westercamp,M., Neatherlin,J.C., Pillai,S.K., Tucker,A., Mott,J.A., Walke,H., Nyenswah,T., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
"Time for dabs": Analyzing Twitter data on marijuana concentrates across the U.S	2015	Center for Interventions, Treatment, and Addictions Research (CITAR), Department of Community Health, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, 3171 Research Blvd., Suite 124, Dayton, OH 45420-4006, United States. Electronic address: raminta.d	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Drug and alcohol dependence Periodical, Abbrev. Drug Alcohol Depend. Pub Date Free Form 1-Oct Volume 155 Issue Start Page 307 Other Pages 311 Notes LR: 20160506; CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: K24 DA037109/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA039454/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA039454-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7513587; NIHMS718056; OID: NLM: NIHMS718056 [Available on 10/01/1 Place of Publication Ireland ISSN/ISBN 1879-0046; 0376-8716 Accession Number PMID: 26338481 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.1199 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26338481 Abstract AIMS: Media reports suggest increasing popularity of marijuana concentrates ("dabs"; "earwax"; "budder"; "shatter; "butane hash oil") that are typically vaporized and inhaled via a bong, vaporizer or electronic cigarette. However, data on the epidemiology of marijuana concentrate use remain limited. This study aims to explore Twitter data on marijuana concentrate use in the U.S. and identify differences across regions of the country with varying cannabis legalization policies. METHODS: Tweets were collected between October 20 and December 20, 2014, using Twitter's streaming API. Twitter data filtering framework was available through the eDrugTrends platform. Raw and adjusted percentages of dabs-related tweets per state were calculated. A permutation test was used to examine differences in the adjusted percentages of dabs-related tweets among U.S. states with different cannabis legalization policies. RESULTS: eDrugTrends collected a total of 125,255 tweets. Almost 22% (n=27,018) of these tweets contained identifiable state-level geolocation information. Dabs-related tweet volume for each state was adjusted using a general sample of tweets to account for different levels of overall tweeting activity for each state. Adjusted percentages of dabs-related tweets were highest in states that allowed recreational and/or medicinal cannabis use and lowest in states that have not passed medical cannabis use laws. The differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Twitter data suggest greater popularity of dabs in the states that legalized recreational and/or medical use of cannabis. The study provides new information on the epidemiology of marijuana concentrate use and contributes to the emerging field of social media analysis for drug abuse research. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ireland Ltd Data Source Authors Daniulaityte,R., Nahhas,R.W., Wijeratne,S., Carlson,R.G., Lamy,F.R., Martins,S.S., Boyer,E.W., Smith,G.A., Sheth,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150822 PMCID PMC4581982 Editors
Narghile Smoking is Associated With the Development of Oral Cancer at Early Age	2015	Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir 190006, India. Electronic address: nazirramzan@uok.edu.in.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The journal of evidence-based dental practice Periodical, Abbrev. J.Evid Based.Dent.Pract. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 15 Issue 3 Start Page 126 Other Pages 127 Notes JID: 101083101; CON: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2014 Nov;118(5):560-5. PMID: 25442492; 2015/07/08 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1532-3390; 1532-3382 Accession Number PMID: 26337585 Language eng SubFile Comment; Journal Article; D; IM DOI 10.1016/j.jebdp.2015.07.001 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26337585 Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Dar,N.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150708 PMCID Editors
Waterpipe tobacco smoking impact on public health: implications for policy	2015	Public Health Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, University of Tampa, Kennedy Boulevard, Tampa, FL, USA.; College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Texas A&M University: Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA.; Department of Health - Palm	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Risk management and healthcare policy Periodical, Abbrev. Risk Manag.Healthc.Policy. Pub Date Free Form 27-Aug Volume 8 Issue Start Page 121 Other Pages 129 Notes LR: 20150910; JID: 101566264; OID: NLM: PMC4556249; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015 [ecollection]; 2015/08/27 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1179-1594; 1179-1594 Accession Number PMID: 26346473 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review DOI 10.2147/RMHP.S68267 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26346473 Abstract BACKGROUND: Given the increasing evidence of its negative health effects, including contributions to both infectious and chronic diseases, waterpipe tobacco smoking raises public health concerns beyond even those presented by traditional smoking. METHODS: Identification of Clean Indoor Air Acts (CIAAs) from each of the 50 United States and District of Columbia were retrieved and examined for inclusion of regulatory measures where waterpipe tobacco smoking is concerned. Several instances of exemption to current CIAAs policies were identified. The cumulative policy lens is presented in this study. RESULTS: States vary in their inclusion of explicit wording regarding CIAAs to the point where waterpipe tobacco smoking, unlike traditional smoking products, is excluded from some legislation, thereby limiting authorities' ability to carry out enforcement. CONCLUSION: Consistent, comprehensive, and unambiguous legislative language is necessary to prevent establishments where waterpipe tobacco smoking occurs from skirting legislation and other forms of regulatory control. Stricter laws are needed due to the increasing negative health impact on both the smoker and the bystander. Actions at both the federal and state levels may be needed to control health risks, particularly among youth and young adult populations. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Martinasek,M.P., Gibson-Young,L.M., Davis,J.N., McDermott,R.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150827 PMCID PMC4556249 Editors
Which nicotine products are gateways to regular use? First-tried tobacco and current use in college students	2015	Oklahoma State University, Department of Psychology, Stillwater; Oklahoma Tobacco Research Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Electronic address: ellen.meier@okstate.edu.; Oklahoma State University, Department of Psychology, Stillwater; Oklahoma Tobacco Res	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Preventive Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 48 Issue 1 Suppl 1 Start Page S86 Other Pages 93 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 8704773; 2014/05/08 [received]; 2014/09/17 [revised]; 2014/09/24 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-2607; 0749-3797 Accession Number PMID: 25528714 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.09.018 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25528714 Abstract BACKGROUND: The potential for emerging tobacco products (ETPs) to be gateway products for further tobacco use among youth is of significant concern. PURPOSE: To examine use of various nicotine-containing products on a tobacco-free college campus and whether the first product tried predicts subsequent tobacco use. METHODS: Undergraduate students (N=1,304) at a large university completed an online survey of past/current use of cigarettes; smokeless tobacco (SLT); hookah; ETPs (dissolvables, snus, and electronic cigarettes); and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Data were collected from September 2012 to May 2013 and analyses were conducted from June to September 2013. Students were classified as single, dual, or poly tobacco users. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 79.5% non-users, 13.8% single, 4.4% dual, and 1.5% poly users. Overall, 49.4% of participants reported trying a tobacco product. Hookah was the most tried product (38%), but cigarettes were most often the first product ever tried (51%). First product tried did not predict current tobacco use and non-use, but individuals who first tried SLT or cigarettes (rather than hookah or ETPs) were more likely to be poly tobacco users. Current tobacco users who first tried ETPs or hookah were largely non-daily users of hookah; current tobacco users who first tried cigarettes or SLT were largely non-daily or daily users of cigarettes/SLT. CONCLUSIONS: Hookah and ETPs are increasingly becoming the first tobacco product ever tried by youth; however, uptake of ETPs is poor, unlike cigarettes and SLT, and does not appear to lead to significant daily/non-daily use of cigarettes and SLT. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Meier,E.M., Tackett,A.P., Miller,M.B., Grant,D.M., Wagener,T.L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Social Vulnerability and Ebola Virus Disease in Rural Liberia	2015	Center for Forest Disturbance Science, U.S. Forest Service, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.; Center for Forest Disturbance Science, U.S. Forest Service, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.; Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research, U.S.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PloS one Periodical, Abbrev. PLoS One Pub Date Free Form 1-Sep Volume 10 Issue 9 Start Page e0137208 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150911; JID: 101285081; OID: NLM: PMC4556488; 2015 [ecollection]; 2015/02/06 [received]; 2015/08/14 [accepted]; 2015/09/01 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1932-6203; 1932-6203 Accession Number PMID: 26325519 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0137208 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26325519 Abstract The Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic that has stricken thousands of people in the three West African countries of Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea highlights the lack of adaptive capacity in post-conflict countries. The scarcity of health services in particular renders these populations vulnerable to multiple interacting stressors including food insecurity, climate change, and the cascading effects of disease epidemics such as EVD. However, the spatial distribution of vulnerable rural populations and the individual stressors contributing to their vulnerability are unknown. We developed a Social Vulnerability Classification using census indicators and mapped it at the district scale for Liberia. According to the Classification, we estimate that districts having the highest social vulnerability lie in the north and west of Liberia in Lofa, Bong, Grand Cape Mount, and Bomi Counties. Three of these counties together with the capital Monrovia and surrounding Montserrado and Margibi counties experienced the highest levels of EVD infections in Liberia. Vulnerability has multiple dimensions and a classification developed from multiple variables provides a more holistic view of vulnerability than single indicators such as food insecurity or scarcity of health care facilities. Few rural Liberians are food secure and many cannot reach a medical clinic in Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Stanturf,J.A., Goodrick,S.L., Warren,M.L.,Jr, Charnley,S., Stegall,C.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150901 PMCID PMC4556488 Editors
Eliciting preferences for waterpipe tobacco smoking using a discrete choice experiment: implications for product regulation	2015	Department of Health Outcomes and Policy, Institute for Child Health Policy, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.; Department of Epidemiology, Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International Univers	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMJ open Periodical, Abbrev. BMJ Open Pub Date Free Form 9-Sep Volume 5 Issue 9 Start Page e009497 Other Pages 2015-009497 Notes LR: 20160413; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; GR: R01 DA035160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 2044-6055; 2044-6055 Accession Number PMID: 26353876 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009497 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26353876 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Waterpipe smoking is highly prevalent among university students, and has been increasing in popularity despite mounting evidence showing it is harmful to health. The aim of this study was to measure preferences for waterpipe smoking and determine which product characteristics are most important to smokers. SETTING: A large university in the Southeastern USA. PARTICIPANTS: Adult waterpipe smokers attending the university (N=367). DESIGN: Participants completed an Internet-based discrete choice experiment to reveal their preferences for, and trade-offs between, the attributes of hypothetical waterpipe smoking sessions. Participants were presented with waterpipe lounge menus, each with three fruit-flavoured options and one tobacco flavoured option, in addition to an opt out option. Nicotine content and price were provided for each choice. Participants were randomised to either receive menus with a text-only health-warning message or no message. OUTCOME MEASURES: Multinomial and nested logit models were used to estimate the impact on consumer choice of attributes and between-subject assignment of health warnings respectively. RESULTS: On average, participants preferred fruit-flavoured varieties to tobacco flavour. They were averse to options labelled with higher nicotine content. Females and non-smokers of cigarettes were more likely than their counterparts to prefer flavoured and nicotine-free varieties. Participants exposed to a health warning were more likely to opt out. CONCLUSIONS: Fruit-flavoured tobacco and lower nicotine content labels, two strategies widely used by the industry, increase the demand for waterpipe smoking among young adults. Waterpipe-specific regulation should limit the availability of flavoured waterpipe tobacco and require accurate labelling of constituents. Waterpipe-specific tobacco control regulation, along with research to inform policy, is required to curb this emerging public health threat. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Salloum,R.G., Maziak,W., Hammond,D., Nakkash,R., Islam,F., Cheng,X., Thrasher,J.F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150909 PMCID PMC4567671 Editors
In vitro susceptibility of amphotericin-B, voriconazole and caspofungin against Candida guilliermondii biofilms, isolated from dentals units water pipes, under different growth phases	2015	Laboratory of Antibiotics Antifungals: physico-chemistry, synthesis and biological activity, Department of Biology, Tlemcen University, BP119 Imama, Tlemcen, Algeria. Electronic address: wissame85@yahoo.fr.; Laboratory of Antibiotics Antifungals: physico-	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal de mycologie medicale Periodical, Abbrev. J.Mycol.Med. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 25 Issue 1 Start Page 57 Other Pages 62 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 9425651; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/08/22 [received]; 2014/10/01 [revised]; 2014/10/30 [accepted]; 2014/11/08 [ Place of Publication France ISSN/ISBN 1773-0449; 1156-5233 Accession Number PMID: 25533329 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.mycmed.2014.10.027 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25533329 Abstract OBJECTIVE: The dental units water pipes are a favorable medium for biofilms formation because of the small diameter of the pipe and the duration of water stagnation, but the question which arises is the nature of the biofilms which are formed inside? This article gives a progress report on the nature of this microbial contamination and precisely the fungal biofilms formation by examining their susceptibility to antifungal agents under different growth phases. METHODS: Sixteen samples of dental units water pipes were taken from public dental clinic and from stomatology unit at the university hospital of Tlemcen (Algeria). The isolated strains were identified by the conventional mycological methods and were analyzed to determine their minimal concentrations inhibiting their growth (planktonic and sessile forms) using three antifungal agents. RESULTS: Five strains type Candida guilliermondii were identified and analyzed for their resistance to antifungal agents. Antifungal susceptibility testing demonstrated the sensitivity of all planktonic Candida guilliermondii cells against amphotericin-B, voriconzole and caspofungin but the sessile cells of these strains revealed a less susceptibility to antifungal agents and even a resistance when the biofilm made mature. CONCLUSION: Several types of yeast contaminated the dental units water pipes and especially Candida guilliermondii that was the most founded. This specie was susceptible to antifungal agents under planctonic forms and resistance where the biofilm made mature. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Masson SAS Data Source Authors Mazari,W., Boucherit-Otmani,Z., Boucherit,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141108 PMCID Editors
A qualitative assessment of the perceived risks of electronic cigarette and hookah use in pregnancy	2015	Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. maike.sachs@bcm.edu.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor C	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 21-Dec Volume 15 Issue Start Page 1273 Other Pages 015-2586-4 Notes LR: 20151224; GR: P30ES023512/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC4687310; 2015/06/04 [received]; 2015/12/08 [accepted]; 2015/12/21 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 26692352 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/s12889-015-2586-4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26692352 Abstract BACKGROUND: Studies reveal that electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) and hookah use are increasing among adolescents and young adults. However, the long-term health effects are unknown, especially with regards to pregnancy. Because of the increased use in women of reproductive age, and the unknown long-term health risks, our primary objectives were to determine the perceived risks of e-cigarette and hookah use in pregnancy, and learn common colloquial terms associated with e-cigarettes. Furthermore, we sought to determine if there is a stigma associated with e-cigarette use in pregnancy. METHODS: Eleven focus groups including 87 participants were conducted immediately following regularly scheduled CenteringPregnancy(R) prenatal care with women at three different clinics in the greater Houston area. A minimum of two facilitators led the groups, using ten lead-in prompts, with Spanish translation as necessary. Facilitators took notes which were compared immediately following each group discussion and each group was audio recorded and transcribed. Three facilitators utilized NVivo 9.0 software to organize the transcribed data into nodes to identify major themes. To increase rigor, transcripts were further analyzed by two obstetricians who were instructed to find the major themes. RESULTS: Analyses revealed contradicting themes concerning e-cigarette use. In general, e-cigarettes were perceived as safer alternatives to regular tobacco cigarettes, especially if used as smoking cessation devices. A major theme is that use in pregnancy is harmful to the fetus. However, it was perceived that use for smoking cessation in pregnancy may have fewer side effects. We found that a common term for e-cigarettes is "Blu." In our discussion of hookah use, participants perceived use as popular among teenagers and that use in pregnancy is dangerous for the fetus. CONCLUSIONS: Although a strong theme emerged against hookah use, we found contradicting themes in our discussions on e-cigarette use in pregnancy. It is possible that e-cigarette use will not carry the same stigma as regular cigarette smoking in pregnancy. In addition, the impression of e-cigarettes as a healthier alternative to smoking may influence use in pregnancy. Clinicians need to be prepared for questions of e-cigarette safety and efficacy as smoking cessation devices from their pregnant patients who smoke, and women who smoke and are planning to become pregnant. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kahr,M.K., Padgett,S., Shope,C.D., Griffin,E.N., Xie,S.S., Gonzalez,P.J., Levison,J., Mastrobattista,J., Abramovici,A.R., Northrup,T.F., Stotts,A.L., Aagaard,K.M., Suter,M.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151221 PMCID PMC4687310 Editors
Role of iron and aluminum coagulant metal residuals and lead release from drinking water pipe materials	2015	a Department of Civil & Resource Engineering , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of environmental science and health.Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Sci.Health.A.Tox.Hazard.Subst.Environ.Eng. Pub Date Free Form Volume 50 Issue 4 Start Page 414 Other Pages 423 Notes LR: 20160526; JID: 9812551; 0 (Chlorides); 0 (Drinking Water); 0 (Sulfates); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 2P299V784P (Lead); CPD4NFA903 (Aluminum); E1UOL152H7 (Iron); OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1532-4117; 1093-4529 Accession Number PMID: 25723068 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1080/10934529.2015.987550 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25723068 Abstract Bench-scale experiments investigated the role of iron and aluminum residuals in lead release in a low alkalinity and high (> 0.5) chloride-to-sulfate mass ratio (CSMR) in water. Lead leaching was examined for two lead-bearing plumbing materials, including harvested lead pipe and new lead: tin solder, after exposure to water with simulated aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride and ferric sulfate coagulation treatments with 1-25-muM levels of iron or aluminum residuals in the water. The release of lead from systems with harvested lead pipe was highly correlated with levels of residual aluminum or iron present in samples (R(2) = 0.66-0.88), consistent with sorption of lead onto the aluminum and iron hydroxides during stagnation. The results indicate that aluminum and iron coagulant residuals, at levels complying with recommended guidelines, can sometimes play a significant role in lead mobilization from premise plumbing. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Knowles,A.D., Nguyen,C.K., Edwards,M.A., Stoddart,A., McIlwain,B., Gagnon,G.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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