WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Quantitative detection of bisphenol A and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether metabolites in human plasma by liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry	2001	Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of chromatography.B, Biomedical sciences and applications Periodical, Abbrev. J.Chromatogr.B Biomed.Sci.Appl. Pub Date Free Form 25-Dec Volume 765 Issue 2 Start Page 121 Other Pages 126 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 9714109; 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Epoxy Compounds); 0 (Phenols); F3XRM1NX4H (2,2-bis(4-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane); MLT3645I99 (bisphenol A); ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1387-2273; 1387-2273 Accession Number PMID: 11767304 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11767304 Abstract Due to the ubiquity of epoxy resin compounds and their potential role in increasing the risk for reproductive dysfunction and cancer, the need for an assessment of human exposure is urgent. Therefore, we developed a method for measuring bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) metabolites in human blood samples using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Human blood samples were processed using enzymatic deconjugation of the glucuronides followed by a novel sample preparation procedure using a solid-phase-cartridge column. This selective analytical method permits rapid detection of the metabolites, free BPA and a hydrolysis product of BADGE (BADGE-40H) with detection limits in the low nanogram per milliliter range (0.1 ng ml(-1) of BPA and 0.5 ng ml(-1) of BADGE-40H). The sample extraction was achieved by Oasis HLB column on gradient elution. The recoveries of BPA and BADGE-40H added to human plasma samples were above 70.0% with a standard deviation of less than 5.0%. This selective, sensitive and accurate method will assist in elucidating potential associations between human exposure to epoxy-based compounds and adverse health effects. Descriptors Benzhydryl Compounds, Chromatography, Liquid/methods, Epoxy Compounds/analysis, Humans, Phenols/blood, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methods Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Inoue,K., Yamaguchi,A., Wada,M., Yoshimura,Y., Makino,T., Nakazaw,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Concentration of heavy metals in drinking water of different localities in district east Karachi.	2001	Jaleel, M.A., Department of Bio-chemistry, Frontier Medical College, Abbottabad.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC Periodical, Abbrev. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad Pub Date Free Form / Volume 13 Issue 4 Start Page 12 Other Pages 15 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1025-9589 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Several heavy metals are present in drinking water that play important roles in the body provided their level remains within the specified range recommended by WHO. But now due to the industrialization and rapid urbanization, the problems of pollution have surfaced. This study was designed to ascertain the contents of some heavy metals and then their variations if any in drinking water in different localities of district East of Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS: Drinking water samples were collected from different sources and localities of district East of Karachi. The concentration of the heavy metals i.e. Lead, Arsenic, Copper, Iron, Mercury, Chromium, Manganese, Nickel, Cadmium and Zinc were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. PH was estimated by pH meter. Total dissolved solids (TDS) were calculated by formula. These concentrations of heavy metals, pH and TDS were compared with the standards set by WHO. RESULTS: Concentrations of lead and nickel were found to be significantly elevated as compared to WHO recommended levels in all the three sources of water (Piped water, Hand pump water and Tanker water supply). Chromium was found to be raised in hand pump water. Arsenic and Mercury were not detected in any source of water. Copper, iron, manganese, cadmium and zinc were found to be within the safe limits in all the three sources of water. pH was found to be within the range of WHO recommended level in all the three sources of water. TDS was found to be elevated in hand pump water and tanker water. CONCLUSION: Concentrations of lead and nickel were found to be significantly elevated as compared to WHO recommended levels in all the three sources of water in district East of Karachi. Descriptors arsenic, heavy metal, article, human, Pakistan, water supply Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Jaleel,M. A., Noreen,R., Baseer,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
An epidemological study of smoking at Abbottabad.	2001	Jaleel, M.A., Department of Bio-Chemistry, Frontier Medical College, Abbottabad.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC Periodical, Abbrev. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad Pub Date Free Form / Volume 13 Issue 1 Start Page 34 Other Pages 36 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1025-9589 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Smoking is a type of environmental pollution and is injurious to health. We conducted an epidemiological study of different forms of smoking like cigarette, Hookah (Hubble-Bubble) and cigar in Abbottabad. METHODS: 600 randomly selected subjects residing in different localities of Abbottabad were included. A specifically designed questionnaire was filled. RESULTS: Out of the study population 200 (33%) were found to be smoking. CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of Abbottabad population smokes. This city is supposed to be a relatively less polluted hill station where a lot of people come for vacations. Descriptors article, human, male, Pakistan, questionnaire, smoking Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Jaleel,M. A., Noreen,R., Hameed,A., Hussain,A., Rauf,S., Ali,L., Tanoli,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
AAPI youth tobacco use: a comparative analysis of current cigarette use data from the Florida, Texas, and National Youth Tobacco Surveys	2001	Division of Health Care Management, School of Allied Health Sciences, 223 Ware Rhaney Bldg., Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA. kershawj@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Asian American and Pacific Islander journal of health Periodical, Abbrev. Asian Am.Pac.Isl.J.Health. Pub Date Free Form Winter-Spring Volume 9 Issue 1 Start Page 25 Other Pages 33 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9417466; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1072-0367; 1072-0367 Accession Number PMID: 11720411 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11720411 Abstract OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to compile data on Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) youth tobacco use in Florida and conduct comparisons with state and national data. This research will contribute to reducing the gap in information regarding current smoking prevalence among AAPI youth in Florida and provide direct comparisons with another state (Texas) and National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) data on AAPI youth. METHODS: Current cigarette use data from the Florida Youth Tobacco Surveys conducted in 1998, 1999, and 2000 were examined for trends in AAPI and state prevalence rates. AAPI data from Florida's baseline 1998 youth tobacco survey were compared to Texas data after applying a common set of data preparation edits. AAPI data from the NYTS were also compared to Florida's AAPI youth population. FINDINGS: Current cigarette use for AAPI students in Florida was generally below the overall prevalence rates among Florida's public middle or high school students. In 1998, current smoking prevalence among Texas AAPI middle and high school students was 18.7% compared to 19.4% among Florida students. Among high school students, the NYTS found that 21.2% of AAPI students were current cigarette smokers nationally in comparison to 21.7% of AAPI high school youth in Florida. In middle school, the current smoking prevalence among AAPI students was 5.5% in the NYTS as compared to 9.4% in Florida. The NYTS data in particular highlight the magnitude of the increasing trend of cigarette smoking among AAPI youth as they progress through the high school grades. CONCLUSIONS: Of all the racial/ethnic groups in Florida, only AAPIs did not have a significant decline in current cigarette use. While the Florida Tobacco Pilot Program has implemented many worthwhile initiatives, the anti-tobacco interventions do not appear to have exerted a noticeable effect on AAPI youth. Descriptors Adolescent, Asian Americans/statistics & numerical data, Child, Female, Florida/epidemiology, Humans, Male, Population Surveillance, Prevalence, Smoking/ethnology/trends, Surveys and Questionnaires, Texas/epidemiology, United States/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kershaw,J. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Patent foramen ovale: a review of associated conditions and the impact of physiological size	2001	Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112-2822, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the American College of Cardiology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Am.Coll.Cardiol. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 38 Issue 3 Start Page 613 Other Pages 623 Notes LR: 20071115; JID: 8301365; RF: 66; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0735-1097; 0735-1097 Accession Number PMID: 11527606 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; AIM; IM; S DOI S0735-1097(01)01427-9 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11527606 Abstract Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is implicated in platypnea-orthodeoxia, stroke and decompression sickness (DCS) in divers and astronauts. However, PFO size in relation to clinical illness is largely unknown since few studies evaluate PFO, either functionally or anatomically. The autopsy incidence of PFO is approximately 27% and 6% for a large defect (0.6 cm to 1.0 cm). A PFO is often associated with atrial septal aneurysm and Chiari network, although these anatomic variations are uncommon. Methodologies for diagnosis and anatomic and functional sizing of a PFO include transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and transcranial Doppler (TCD), with saline contrast. Saline injection via the right femoral vein appears to have a higher diagnostic yield for PFO than via the right antecubital vein. Saline contrast with TTE using native tissue harmonics or transmitral pulsed wave Doppler have quantitated PFO functional size, while TEE is presently the reference standard. The platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome is associated with a large resting PFO shunt. Transthoracic echocardiography, TEE and TCD have been used in an attempt to quantitate PFO in patients with cryptogenic stroke. The larger PFOs (approximately > or =4 mm size) or those with significant resting shunts appear to be clinically significant. Approximately two-thirds of divers with unexplained DCS have a PFO that may be responsible and may be related to PFO size. Limited data are available on the incidence of PFO in high altitude aviators with DCS, but there appears to be a relationship. A large decompression stress is associated with extra vehicular activity (EVA) from spacecraft. After four cases of serious DCS in EVA simulations, a resting PFO was detected by contrast TTE in three cases. Patent foramen ovales vary in both anatomical and functional size, and the clinical impact of a particular PFO in various situations (platypnea-orthodeoxia, thromboembolism, DCS in underwater divers, DCS in high-altitude aviators and astronauts) may be different. Descriptors Aerospace Medicine, Coronary Circulation, Decompression Sickness/complications/ultrasonography, Diving, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, Embolism, Paradoxical/etiology, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/diagnosis/pathology/physiopathology, Heart Septum/embryology, Humans, Stroke/etiology, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kerut,E. K., Norfleet,W. T., Plotnick,G. D., Giles,T. D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Lead levels in bone samples as a marker of environmental exposure to lead	2001	Kuchenbecker, D., Institut fÃ¼r Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin der Univ. Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Arbeitsmedizin Sozialmedizin Umweltmedizin Periodical, Abbrev. Arbeitsmed.Sozialmed.Umweltmed. Pub Date Free Form 2001/ Volume 36 Issue 9 Start Page 435 Other Pages 439 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0944-6052 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The blood lead and bone lead concentrations in the tibia and femur were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) in patients who were undergoing endoprosthesis surgery of the hip joint and knee joint, respectively. 85 persons from Leipzig were included in the study (58 women and 27 men, 45 to 86 years of age), some of whom lived in old houses with lead water pipes. The influence of the cumulative long-term exposure to environmental sources (water pipes containing lead) on the bone lead level was investigated. Blood lead was found to be in the range from 10 to 101 Î¼g/l, with medians of 41 Î¼g/l in men and 31 Î¼g/l in women. The lead concentrations in the femur were in the range from 0.4 to 6.8 Î¼g/g dry weight with a mean of 2.7 Â± 1.3 Î¼g/g dry weight. The concentrations in the tibia were found to be higher, between 1.0 and 29.7 Î¼g/l dry weight with a mean of 8.4 Â± 6.8 Î¼g/g dry weight. The tibia lead levels of the participants in this study closely correlated with the length of time they had lived in old houses with lead water pipes. By determining the level of lead in the tibia, it is possible to estimate both previous occupational exposure to lead and non-occupational exposure. Descriptors lead, adult, aged, article, atomic absorption spectrometry, controlled study, endoprosthesis, environmental exposure, female, femur, hip surgery, human, knee surgery, lead blood level, lead poisoning, major clinical study, male, occupational exposure, tibia Links Book Title Bleigehalt in knochenproben als marker einer umweltbedingten bleibelastung Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Kuchenbecker,D., Schaffernicht,H., KrÃ¤mer,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Shear bond strength of glass ionomer cement for orthodontic bracket bonding	2000	Hu, W., Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100081, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Zhonghua kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Zhonghua kouqiang yixue zazhi = Chinese journal of stomatology Periodical, Abbrev. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi Pub Date Free Form / Volume 35 Issue 3 Start Page 227 Other Pages 229 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1002-0098 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the shear bond strength of resin-modified glass ionomer used for orthodontic bracket bonding. METHODS: 30 extracted premolars were evenly divided into two groups. Edgewise brackets (Orsu) were bonded with resin-modified glass ionomer (Advance) in group one and with composite resin (DM) in group two. The shear bond strengths of two materials were tested by material testing machine after 24 hours. The adhesive remnant index was scored after debonding. RESULTS: The shear bong strengths of resin-modified glass ionomer and composite resin were (6.862 +/- 2.142) MPa and (7.183 +/- 3.205) MPa respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: In vitro bond strength of resin-modified glass ionomer had reached the same level of composite resin. It had the prospect of clinic use. Descriptors glass ionomer, resin, article, chemistry, dental bonding, human, orthodontic device, tensile strength Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Hu,W., Fu,M., Sun,Z. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
A waterborne outbreak of gastroenteritis in the Golan Heights due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli	2000	Huerta, M., Israel Defence Force Army Hlth. Br., Military Post 02149, Israel	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Infection Periodical, Abbrev. Infection Pub Date Free Form 2000/ Volume 28 Issue 5 Start Page 267 Other Pages 271 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0300-8126 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Background: Over a period of 4 days between May 18-21, 1998, a multifocal outbreak of diarrhea, involving 175 Israel Defence Force soldiers and at least 54 civilians, occurred in the Golan Heights. Patients and Methods: Stool samples from 40 affected soldiers were collected for microbiological testing. In addition, a rapid PCR technique was employed for the direct detection of the heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable toxin (ST) genes of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in stool samples. Results: All 40 stool specimens taken from patients with diarrhea was negative by culture. However, ETEC was detected in 16 stool specimens using the rapid PCR method. The epidemiological investigation found no association between the food items consumed prior to the onset of the outbreak and the attack rate of diarrhea. A review of the water distribution system revealed that all affected military posts and civilian communities were supplied by a common water pipeline. Water sampled from various points along the distribution system showed inadequate chlorination and high concentrations of E. coli. Conclusion: This report suggests that the involvement of ETEC in the etiology of waterborne diarrheal outbreaks may be underestimated, probably due to the difficulties involved in the laboratory identification of this enteropathogen. Adoption of our rapid method for the identification of ETEC, which is applicable to routine diagnostic laboratories, facilitates pathogen detection within hours, and allows early intervention in cases of widespread diarrheal epidemics. Descriptors Escherichia coli enterotoxin, article, bacterium detection, diarrhea, disease transmission, epidemic, Escherichia coli, gastroenteritis, human, major clinical study, pathogenesis, polymerase chain reaction, prevalence, water contamination, water sampling Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Huerta,M., Grotto,I., Gdalevich,M., Mimouni,D., Gavrieli,B., Yavzori,M., Cohen,D., Shpilberg,O. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effect of dentin primer on shear bond strength of composite resin to moist and dry enamel	2000	Section of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Southern Illinois University-School of Dental Medicine, Alton, IL 62002, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Operative dentistry Periodical, Abbrev. Oper.Dent. Pub Date Free Form Jan-Feb Volume 25 Issue 1 Start Page 51 Other Pages 58 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 7605679; 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Dentin-Bonding Agents); 0 (Optibond); 0 (Resin Cements); 0 (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose); 0 (Z100 composite resin); 0 (single bond); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 454I75YXY0 (Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate); 7631 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0361-7734; 0361-7734 Accession Number PMID: 11203791 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; D DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11203791 Abstract The etched enamel-composite resin bond is the most reliable bond known to us. Moisture and dentin primers are the two most important variables that can interfere with this bond. This study investigated the effect of dentin primer on bond strengths of composite resin to moist and dry enamel. One hundred freshly extracted molar teeth were used for shear bond strength testing. The teeth were mounted in phenolic rings with an approximal enamel surface exposed. The exposed enamel surface on each tooth was flattened using 320- 400- and 600-grit silicon carbide papers and etched using 34-38% phosphoric acid gel. The teeth were then divided into 10 groups (n = 10). Four groups were assigned to each of the two dentin bonding systems, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose and OptiBond FL. Two groups were assigned to the single-bottle bonding agent (Single Bond). Each bonding system was tested on moist and dry enamel. OptiBond FL and Scotchbond MP were tested with and without the use of primer. All samples were thermocycled and tested in shear. Fracture analysis was performed using a binocular microscope. For scanning electron microscopy, approximal samples of enamel (1 mm thick) were flattened, etched, and bonded with and without primer on moist and dry enamel. A 1 mm-thick layer of Z100 was bonded to the specimens, which were then immersed in 10% HCl for 24 hours to dissolve the enamel. The specimens were viewed under a scanning electron microscope. Results indicated that the use of primer on dry enamel did not significantly affect (P > 0.05) shear bond strengths for the two bonding systems, Scotchbond MP (primed 24.10 +/- 4.83 MPa, unprimed 29.57 +/- 7.49 MPa) and OptiBond FL (primed 26.82 +/- 4.44, unprimed 25.66 +/- 2.95). However, the use of primer was found to be essential on moist enamel to obtain acceptable bond strengths with both Scotchbond MP (primed 25.61 +/- 10.29 MPa, unprimed 3.26 +/- 0.95 MPa) and OptiBond FL (primed 30.28 +/- 3.49 MPa, unprimed 8.37 +/- 3.31 MPa). Moisture on enamel did not significantly affect (P > 0.05) bond strengths for the single-bottle bonding agent, Single Bond (moist enamel 31.34 +/- 9.03 MPa, dry enamel 27.93 +/- 5.41 MPa). Fracture analysis revealed that most fractures were adhesive or mixed, with a greater percentage being cohesive for the groups with dry enamel or with primer on moist enamel. Scanning electron micrographs corroborated the shear bond strength data. The specimens without primer on moist enamel showed very poor penetration of adhesive and composite resin into the etched enamel microporosities. Descriptors Analysis of Variance, Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate, Composite Resins, Dental Bonding, Dental Enamel/chemistry, Dental Enamel Permeability, Dental Stress Analysis, Dentin-Bonding Agents, Desiccation, Humans, Materials Testing, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Molar, Resin Cements, Silicon Dioxide, Statistics, Nonparametric, Tensile Strength, Water, Zirconium Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jain,P., Stewart,G. P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Salinity independent measurement of gas volume fraction in oil/gas/water pipe flows	2000	Johansen, G.A., Department of Physics, University of Bergen, N-5007 Bergen, Norway	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Applied Radiation and Isotopes Periodical, Abbrev. Appl.Radiat.Isot. Pub Date Free Form 2000/11 Volume 53 Issue 5-Apr Start Page 595 Other Pages 601 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0969-8043 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Dual mode densitometry is presented as a novel method of measuring the gas volume fraction in gas/oil/water pipe flows independent of the salinity of the water component. The different response in photoelectric attenuation and Compton scattering to changes in salinity is utilized. The total attenuation coefficient is found through traditional transmission measurements with a detector positioned outside the pipe wall diametrically opposite the source. The scatter response is measured with a second detector positioned somewhere between the source and the transmission detector. The feasibility of the method is demonstrated for homogeneously mixed flows. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. Descriptors oil, petroleum, calibration, compton effect, conference paper, densitometry, flow measurement, gamma radiation, gas flow, petrochemical industry, priority journal, radiation energy, tube Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Johansen,G. A., Jackson,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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