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WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year Sort ascending | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1,2-Bis(1H-tetra-zol-5-yl)benzene dihydrate | 2009 | Ordered Matter Science Research Center, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online
Periodical, Abbrev.
Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online
Pub Date Free Form
20-May
Volume
65
Issue
Pt 6
Start Page
o1331
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20111209; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC2969647; 2009/05/11 [received]; 2009/05/14 [accepted]; 2009/05/20 [epublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1600-5368; 1600-5368
Accession Number
PMID: 21583185
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.1107/S1600536809018224 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21583185
Abstract
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(8)H(6)N(8).2H(2)O, contains one half-mol-ecule, with the benzene ring on a centre of symmetry, and two uncoordinated water mol-ecules. The benzene ring is oriented at a dihedral angle of 34.43 (12) degrees with respect to the tetra-zole ring. Strong O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bonds link the water mol-ecules to the N atoms of the tetra-zole ring. In the crystal structure, strong inter-molecular O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO and O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into a network. One of the water H atoms is disordered over two positions and was refined with occupancies of 0.50.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Xu,H. J., Pan,Y. J., Cui,L. J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20090520
PMCID
PMC2969647
Editors
|
|||
| Lactic acid bacteria diversity in fermented cabbage estimated by culture-dependent and-independent methods | 2009 | Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal College, Taiyuan 030001, China. yanpingmei@sohu.com | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Wei sheng wu xue bao = Acta microbiologica Sinica
Periodical, Abbrev.
Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
49
Issue
3
Start Page
383
Other Pages
388
Notes
LR: 20120409; JID: 21610860R; 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); ppublish
Place of Publication
China
ISSN/ISBN
0001-6209; 0001-6209
Accession Number
PMID: 19623964
Language
chi
SubFile
English Abstract; Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19623964
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study the diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and dominant LAB in fermented cabbage. METHODS: Culture-dependent and -independent (16S rRNA gene clone libraries were constructed) methods were used to determine the composition of LAB in fermented cabbage. RESULTS: Ninety LAB isolated from fermented cabbage were identified as species of Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc, whereas 115 clones of the 16S rRNA gene sequence from fermented cabbage DNA were identified as Lactobacillus, Weissella, Pediococcus and Leuconostoc. CONCLUSION: The significant difference of the LAB compositions by the two methods implies that some specialized nutrients may lead to a distinctive selection of the dominant organisms. Lactobacillus plantarum appeared as the dominant species in fermented cabbage by both methods.
Descriptors
Brassica/microbiology, Fermentation, Food Microbiology, Lactobacillus/classification/genetics, Leuconostoc/classification/genetics, Pediococcus/classification/genetics, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Yan,P., Chai,Z., Xue,W., Chang,X., Kong,D., Zhang,H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Inflammation and intestinal metaplasia of the distal esophagus are associated with alterations in the microbiome | 2009 | Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Gastroenterology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Gastroenterology
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
137
Issue
2
Start Page
588
Other Pages
597
Notes
LR: 20150201; GR: R01 AI063477/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 AI063477-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA097946/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA097946-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01AI063477/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United Sta
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1528-0012; 0016-5085
Accession Number
PMID: 19394334
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; AIM; IM
DOI
10.1053/j.gastro.2009.04.046 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19394334
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Gastroesophageal reflux causes inflammation and intestinal metaplasia and its downstream sequelum adenocarcinoma in the distal esophagus. The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has increased approximately 6-fold in the United States since the 1970s, accompanied with a significant increase in the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Despite extensive epidemiologic study, the cause for GERD and the unexpected increases remain unexplainable. Microbes are among the environmental factors that may contribute to the etiology of GERD, but very little research has been done on the esophageal microbiome, particularly in its relation to GERD. This is the first comprehensive reported correlation between a change in the esophageal microbiome and esophageal diseases. METHODS: Biopsy samples of the distal esophagus were collected from 34 patients. Host phenotypes were histologically defined as normal, esophagitis, or Barrett's esophagus (intestinal metaplasia). Microbiomes from the biopsy samples were analyzed by bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene survey and classified into types using unsupervised cluster analysis and phenotype-guided analyses. Independence between host phenotypes and microbiome types were analyzed by Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Esophageal microbiomes can be classified into 2 types. The type I microbiome was dominated by the genus Streptococcus and concentrated in the phenotypically normal esophagus. Conversely, the type II microbiome contained a greater proportion of gram-negative anaerobes/microaerophiles and primarily correlated with esophagitis (odds ratio, 15.4) and Barrett's esophagus (odds ratio, 16.5). CONCLUSIONS: In the human distal esophagus, inflammation and intestinal metaplasia are associated with global alteration of the microbiome. These findings raise the issue of a possible role for dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of reflux-related disorders.
Descriptors
Adult, Analysis of Variance, Barrett Esophagus/genetics/microbiology/pathology, Biopsy, Needle, Case-Control Studies, Confidence Intervals, Esophagitis/genetics/microbiology/pathology, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux/microbiology/pathology/physiopathology, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology/pathology, Intestinal Neoplasms/microbiology/pathology, Male, Metagenome/genetics/physiology, Metaplasia/pathology, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Precancerous Conditions/pathology, Streptococcus/genetics/pathogenicity, Tissue Culture Techniques
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Yang,L., Lu,X., Nossa,C. W., Francois,F., Peek,R. M., Pei,Z.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20090423
PMCID
PMC2963147
Editors
|
|||
| 2-(1H-Benzoimidazol-2-yl)-6-ethoxy-phenol | 2009 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online
Periodical, Abbrev.
Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online
Pub Date Free Form
14-Mar
Volume
65
Issue
Pt 4
Start Page
o745
Other Pages
6
Notes
LR: 20111209; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC2969036; 2009/03/02 [received]; 2009/03/05 [accepted]; 2009/03/14 [epublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1600-5368; 1600-5368
Accession Number
PMID: 21582478
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.1107/S1600536809008071 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21582478
Abstract
The title Schiff base compound, C(15)H(14)N(2)O(2), consists of two crystallographically independent mol-ecules, A and B. Mol-ecule A is almost planar, whereas mol-ecule B is slightly twisted, the dihedral angles between the benzimidazole group and the benzene rings being 2.65 (12) and 13.17 (15) degrees , respectively. The methyl group of mol-ecule B is disordered over two positions, with a refined site-occupancy ratio of 0.581 (7):0.419 (7). In each mol-ecule, intra-molecular O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bonds generate S(6) ring motifs. In the crystal structure, both types of mol-ecules are linked via inter-molecular bifurcated N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds into one-dimensional extended chains along [010] and form R(1) (2)(5) ring motifs. The crystal structure is further stabilized by inter-molecular C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredpi and pi-pi inter-actions [centroid-centroid distances = 3.4758 (16)-3.596 (2) A].
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Yeap,C. S., Kargar,H., Kia,R., Jamshidvand,A., Fun,H. K.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20090314
PMCID
PMC2969036
Editors
|
|||
| Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from chickens in Henan Province, China | 2009 | Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of medical microbiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Med.Microbiol.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
58
Issue
Pt 11
Start Page
1449
Other Pages
1453
Notes
GENBANK/FJ405211; JID: 0224131; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase TEM-3); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase TEM-1); 2009/07/02 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1473-5644; 0022-2615
Accession Number
PMID: 19574412
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1099/jmm.0.012229-0 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19574412
Abstract
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli has spread rapidly worldwide and poses a serious threat to human and animal health. This study collected 51 non-replicate E. coli isolates from 14 different chicken farms in Henan Province in China from December 2007 to August 2008. The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli, molecular characterization of the ESBL-related bla genes, including bla(TEM), bla(SHV) and bla(CTX-M), and the susceptibilities of these bacteria to various antimicrobial agents were determined. Thirty-one of the 51 isolates were positive for an ESBL phenotype and 29 of these isolates carried one or more bla genes. Twenty-two isolates harboured bla(TEM) genes and 15 isolates carried bla(CTX-M) genes (one CTX-M-14, three CTX-M-24 and 11 CTX-M-65). One isolate carried bla(TEM)(-57); the remaining bla(TEM) isolates carried bla(TEM-1) with one silent nucleotide base variation (T18C). We believe that this is the first study to report TEM-57 in E. coli isolates. All isolates harbouring bla(CTX-M-24) and bla(CTX-M-14) and five of the bla(CTX-M-65) isolates also harboured the bla(TEM-1) gene. To our knowledge, this study is the first to describe detection of CTX-M-65-producing E. coli isolated from chickens. None of the isolates contained the bla(SHV) gene. Conjugation experiments demonstrated that bla(CTX-M) and bla(TEM) genes could be transferred to E. coli DH5 alpha. The results indicate that ESBL frequency has reached an alarming level in chicken isolates in China, with TEM-1 and CTX-M-65 enzymes being the two predominant beta-lactamases detected.
Descriptors
Animals, Chickens/microbiology, China, DNA, Bacterial/analysis, Escherichia coli/enzymology/isolation & purification, Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology/microbiology/veterinary, Molecular Sequence Data, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Poultry Diseases/epidemiology/microbiology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, beta-Lactamases/biosynthesis/classification/genetics
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Yuan,L., Liu,J. H., Hu,G. Z., Pan,Y. S., Liu,Z. M., Mo,J., Wei,Y. J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20090702
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Root proliferation of Norway spruce and Scots pine in response to local magnesium supply in soil | 2009 | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, P.R. China. junlingz@cau.edu.cn | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tree physiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tree Physiol.
Pub Date Free Form
Feb
Volume
29
Issue
2
Start Page
199
Other Pages
206
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 100955338; 0 (Soil); 27YLU75U4W (Phosphorus); I38ZP9992A (Magnesium); N762921K75 (Nitrogen); RWP5GA015D (Potassium); 2008/12/05 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Canada
ISSN/ISBN
0829-318X; 0829-318X
Accession Number
PMID: 19203945
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1093/treephys/tpn016 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19203945
Abstract
Nutrient sources in soils are often heterogeneously distributed. Although many studies have examined the root responses to local N and P enrichments in the soil, less research was conducted on root responses to Mg patches. New roots of pre-grown Mg-insufficient and Mg-sufficient plants of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings were allowed to grow into four other pots of equal size, which were placed under the tree-bearing pot. Soils in the lower pots were either unfertilised, or supplied with Mg, or NPK or a mixture of NPKMg sources. Plants were harvested after 9 months of growth. Compared to the corresponding controls (Mg versus unfertilised and NPKMg versus NPK), Mg additions did not have a significant effect on either root dry matter, total root length (TRL) or specific root length (SRL), irrespective of tree species and plant Mg nutritional status. In contrast, NPK and NPKMg additions significantly increased the root dry matter and TRL in the nutrient-rich soil patch, and decreased SRL in Norway spruce. However, the observed root morphological changes did not occur in Scots pine. Root Mg concentrations were increased in Mg-rich soil patches, but those accumulations varied with tree species. Mg accumulation in a marked patch was measured only in newly grown roots of Mg-sufficient Norway spruce, whereas a more homogenous distribution of Mg concentration was observed for all newly grown roots in Mg-insufficient trees in the four soil treatments. In Scots pine, Mg accumulations occurred in both Mg-insufficient and Mg-sufficient plants. These results suggest that Mg patches in the soil may not lead to a local increase in root growth, but to Mg uptake and root Mg accumulation. Tree roots react differently to Mg patches in comparison to their response to N or P patches in the soil.
Descriptors
Biological Transport, Magnesium/metabolism, Nitrogen/metabolism, Phosphorus/metabolism, Picea/growth & development/metabolism, Pinus sylvestris/growth & development/metabolism, Plant Leaves/physiology, Plant Roots/growth & development/metabolism, Plant Shoots/physiology, Potassium/metabolism, Soil, Trees/growth & development
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Zhang,J., George,E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20081205
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| 4-[(2-Hydr-oxy-1-naphth-yl)(piperidin-1-yl)meth-yl]benzonitrile | 2009 | Ordered Matter Science Research Center, College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Southeast UniVersity, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online
Periodical, Abbrev.
Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online
Pub Date Free Form
29-Aug
Volume
65
Issue
Pt 9
Start Page
o2257
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20111209; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC2970085; 2009/06/10 [received]; 2009/08/24 [accepted]; 2009/08/29 [epublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1600-5368; 1600-5368
Accession Number
PMID: 21577653
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.1107/S1600536809033728 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21577653
Abstract
In the title compound, C(23)H(22)N(2)O, obtained from the condensation reaction of 4-formyl-benzonitrile, 2-naphthol and piperidine, the dihedral angle between the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring is 75.31 (4) degrees . The piperidine ring adopts a chair conformation. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter-molecular C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bonds, which link the mol-ecules into centrosymmetric dimers. An intra-molecular O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bond is also present.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Zhang,Y., Li,Y. H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20090829
PMCID
PMC2970085
Editors
|
|||
| Comparison of two extraction methods for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface soils using headspace SPME with GC-FID | 2009 | Departamento de Quimica Aplicada, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad del Pais Vasco, Apdo. 1072, 20080, San Sebastian, Spain. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of chromatographic science
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.Sci.
Pub Date Free Form
Feb
Volume
47
Issue
2
Start Page
97
Other Pages
102
Notes
JID: 0173225; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Soil); 0 (Soil Pollutants); ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
0021-9665; 0021-9665
Accession Number
PMID: 19222916
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Validation Studies; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19222916
Abstract
Two simple methods using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to a gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector were compared for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in soils. These compounds were included in the US Environmental Protection Agency's Priority Pollutants list. Direct hot water HS-SPME extraction and sonication organic extraction followed by HS-SPME were optimized using experimental designs. The first method was chosen for PAH determination. The validation of the proposed method was carried out by analyzing PAHs in the certified soil reference material RTC-CRM 123. The accuracy obtained for the PAHs was shown to be inside the prediction interval with the certified material. The optimized method was applied to the analysis of several superficial soils from Gipuzkoa (Basque Country, North Spain).
Descriptors
Chromatography, Gas/methods, Flame Ionization, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis, Reproducibility of Results, Soil/analysis, Soil Pollutants/analysis, Solid Phase Microextraction/methods, Spain
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Zuazagoitia,D., Millan,E., Garcia-Arrona,R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Associations of advertisement-promotion-sponsorship-related factors with current cigarette smoking among in-school adolescents in Zambia | 2009 | Department of Community Medicine, University of Zambia, Medical School, Lusaka, Zambia. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Annals of African medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Ann.Afr.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Oct-Dec
Volume
8
Issue
4
Start Page
229
Other Pages
235
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 101231417; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish
Place of Publication
Nigeria
ISSN/ISBN
0975-5764; 0975-5764
Accession Number
PMID: 20139545
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.4103/1596-3519.59577 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20139545
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tobacco use is the leading cause of noncommunicable disease morbidity and mortality. Most smokers initiate the smoking habit as adolescents or young adults. METHODS: Survey data from the 2007 Lusaka (Zambia) Global Youth Tobacco Survey were used to estimate the prevalence of current cigarette smoking and assess whether exposure to pro-tobacco media and perception of the potential harm of secondhand smoke are associated with adolescents' smoking. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the associations. RESULTS: Altogether, 2378 students, of whom 56.8% were females, participated in the study. Overall, 10.5% of the students (9.3% among males and 12.1% among females) smoked cigarettes in the 30 days prior to the survey. Students who favored banning smoking in public places were 33% (OR = 0.67; 95% CI [0.47, 0.96]) less likely to smoke cigarettes compared to those who were not in favor of the ban. Seeing actors smoking in TV shows, videos or movies was positively associated with smoking (OR = 1.90; 95% CI [1.26, 2.88]). However, possessing an item with a cigarette brand logo on it, seeing advertisements of cigarettes on billboards and being ever offered a free cigarette by a cigarette sales representative were negatively associated with smoking (OR=0.39, 95% CI [0.26, 0.58]; OR=0.63, 95% CI [0.43, 0.92]; and OR=0.43, 95% CI [0.29, 0.65], respectively). CONCLUSION: Findings from this study indicate that TV advertisement-promotion-sponsorship was positively associated with smoking, while it was the opposite with other forms of advertisement; there is a need for further studies.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Advertising as Topic, Cluster Analysis, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Mass Media, Prevalence, Smoking/economics/epidemiology, Social Environment, Students, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects, Zambia/epidemiology
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Zulu,R., Siziya,S., Muula,A. S., Rudatsikira,E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Enhancement of bonding to enamel and dentin prepared by Er,Cr:YSGG laser | 2009 | Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials, The University of Texas, Dental Branch at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ali.obeidi@uth.tmc.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Lasers in surgery and medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Lasers Surg.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
41
Issue
6
Start Page
454
Other Pages
462
Notes
CI: Copyright 2009; JID: 8007168; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1096-9101; 0196-8092
Accession Number
PMID: 19588530
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1002/lsm.20790 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19588530
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Erbium lasers are potential tools to remove caries and dental hard tissue but bond strengths of composites to those preparations are reported to be lower than conventional methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mechanical excavation and/or chemical alteration on bond strength of composites to laser irradiated enamel and dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-two premolars were ground to obtain flat enamel (E, n = 36) or dentin (D, n = 36) surfaces in both buccal and lingual cusps, divided into: LaserExcavation (LEx), LaserNo-excavation (LNex), and Bur (B) groups. The laser groups were irradiated for 10 seconds by Er,Cr:YSGG laser [4.5 W, 60% air, 80% water (enamel) 3 W, 60% air, 70% water (dentin)]. Irradiated surfaces in the excavation groups (Ex) were then mechanically smoothed with a dental excavator, prepared surfaces were then etched (37% H(3)PO(4)) for 20 or 40 seconds (enamel) and 15 or 30 seconds (dentin), washed (20 seconds), adhesive was applied(Single Bond Plus), and light cured (20 seconds). A composite cylinder (Filtek Supreme Plus) formed, placed and light cured (40 seconds). The specimens were stored (37 degrees C,48 hours), shear bond tested (1 mm/minute), and statistically analyzed (P < 0.05). RESULTS: Mixed-model ANOVA showed significant differences between enamel (P = 0.0091) and between dentin groups (P = 0.0035). Tukey/Kramer showed mean shear bond strength (SBS+/-SE) of EB40 (27.01+/-2.38 MPa) was significantly higher than ELNoExc20 (14.39+/-2.5 MPa) and ELExc40 (14.90+/-2.28 MPa). Also DB30 (17.57+/- 1.67 MPa) and DLExc30 (18.6+/-1.74 MPa) were significantly higher than DLNoExc15 (9.56+/-1.86 MPa). CONCLUSION: Increasing the etching time up to 40 seconds or excavation of the laser prepared surface (but not the combination) may increase the bond strength to the level of conventional methods in enamel but excavation has a greater influence in dentin. Also the combination of both methods [excavation+longer etching time (30 seconds)] exhibit significantly better results in dentin.Mode of failure study showed mechanical excavation in both enamel and dentin can significantly reduce the cohesive failure in tooth structure.
Descriptors
Adhesiveness/radiation effects, Dental Bonding, Dental Cavity Preparation/methods, Dental Enamel/pathology/radiation effects, Dental Etching, Dentin/pathology/radiation effects, Humans, Lasers, Solid-State, Shear Strength, Tissue Culture Techniques
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Wiley-Liss, Inc
Data Source
Authors
Obeidi,A., McCracken,M. S., Liu,P. R., Litaker,M. S., Beck,P., Rahemtulla,F.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
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