WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Nicotine dependence and readiness to quit smoking in the Spanish population	2011	Unidad de Control del Tabaquismo, Programa de Prevencion y Control del Cancer, Institut Catala d'Oncologia - ICO. Av. Gran Via de L'Hospitalet, 199-203. 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona). mfu@iconcologia.net	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Adicciones Periodical, Abbrev. Adicciones Pub Date Free Form Volume 23 Issue 2 Start Page 103 Other Pages 109 Notes JID: 9605506; ppublish Place of Publication Spain ISSN/ISBN 0214-4840; 0214-4840 Accession Number PMID: 21647541 Language spa SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 153 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21647541 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To describe the nicotine dependence and readiness to quit smoking in the smoker population. METHODS: Cross-sectional study on a representative sample of the Spanish population of >=18 years old. We gathered information by means of telephone interviews conducted between June and July of 2006. We studied the nicotine dependence with the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the readiness to quit according to the stages of change from the Transtheoretical Model in a sample of cigarette smokers. RESULTS: 22.5% of participants (95% CI: 20.9-24.2%) smokers cigarettes. They smoked an average of 14.4 cigarettes per day (standard deviation 9.15) and the mean FTND score was 2.8, with no differences by the stages of change. 64.3% (95% CI: 60.3-68.2%) of smokers were in the precontemplation stage, 25.4% (95% CI: 21.8-28.9%) in contemplation, and 10.4% (95% CI: 7.9-12.9%) in preparation, with no differences by sex. The most nicotine dependent smokers (FTND>=6) had mainly primary studies, started to smoke at earlier ages, and smoked more cigarettes per day. CONCLUSIONS: Most Spanish smokers have low nicotine dependence and are in precontemplation stage. Smoking cessation programmes should be addressed to reduce dependence, help smokers to progress through the stages of change, and, consequently, reduce the prevalence of smokers in the population. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Smoking Cessation/psychology, Spain, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology/psychology/therapy, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Fu,M., Martinez-Sanchez,J. M., Lopez,M. J., Nebot,M., Raich,A., Fernandez,E., ETS Eurosurvey Working Group Original/Translated Title Dependencia a la nicotina y preparacion para dejar de fumar en la poblacion espanola URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
2-(5-Bromo-pyridin-3-yl)-5-[3-(4,5,6,7-tetra-hydro-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-5-ylsulf on-yl)thio-phen-2-yl]-1,3,4-oxa-diazole	2011		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online Pub Date Free Form 1-Oct Volume 67 Issue Pt 10 Start Page o2743 Other Pages 4 Notes LR: 20111209; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC3201536; 2011/09/20 [received]; 2011/09/20 [accepted]; 2011/09/30 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1600-5368; 1600-5368 Accession Number PMID: 22058804 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1107/S1600536811038529 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22058804 Abstract In the title compound, C(18)H(13)BrN(4)O(3)S(3), the tetra-hydro-pyridine ring adopts a half-chair conformation with the central methyl-ene-C atom of the NCH(2)CH(2) unit at the flap. The dihedral angles between the tetra-hydro-pyridine ring and the pyridine and two thio-phene rings are 69.34 (13) 5.66 (13) and 68.63 (13) degrees , respectively, while the dihedral angle between the 1,3,4-oxadiazole and tetra-hydro-pyridine rings is 54.76 (13) degrees . The mol-ecule is stabilized by an intra-molecular C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN inter-action. In the crystal, adjacent mol-ecules are connected via bifurcated C-Hcdots, three dots, centered(N,O) hydrogen bonds, forming a chain along the b axis. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Fun,H. K., Hemamalini,M., Rai,S., Isloor,A. M., Shetty,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110930 PMCID PMC3201536 Editors
Waterpipe smoking among health sciences university students in Iran: perceptions, practices and patterns of use	2011		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC Res Notes Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 4 Issue Start Page 496 Other Pages 496 Notes ID: 22087840 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: In recent years waterpipe smoking has become a popular practice amongst young adults in eastern Mediterranean countries, including Iran. The aim of this study was to assess waterpipe smoking perceptions and practices among first-year health sciences university students in Iran and to identify factors associated with the initiation and maintenance of waterpipe use in this population. RESULTS: Out of 371 first-year health sciences students surveyed, 358 eight students completed a self-administered questionnaire in the classrooms describing their use and perceptions towards waterpipe smoking. Two hundred and ninety six responders met study inclusion criteria. Waterpipe smoking was common among first-year health sciences university students, with 51% of students indicating they were current waterpipe smokers. Women were smoking waterpipes almost as frequently as men (48% versus 52%, respectively). The majority of waterpipe smokers (75.5%) indicated that the fun and social aspect of waterpipe use was the main motivating factor for them to continue smoking. Of waterpipe smokers, 55.3% were occasional smokers, using waterpipes once a month or less, while 44.7% were frequent smokers, using waterpipes more than once a month. A large number of frequent waterpipe smokers perceived that waterpipe smoking was a healthier way to use tobacco (40.6%) while only 20.6% thought it was addictive. Compared to occasional smokers, significantly more frequent smokers reported waterpipe smoking was relaxing (62.5% vs. 26.2%, p = 0.002), energizing (48.5% vs. 11.4%, p = 0.001), a part of their culture (58.8% vs. 34.1%, p = 0.04), and the healthiest way to use tobacco (40.6% vs. 11.1%, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Social and recreational use of waterpipes is widespread among first-year health sciences university students in Iran. Women and men were almost equally likely to be current waterpipe users. Public health initiatives to combat the increasing use of waterpipes among university students in Iran must consider the equal gender distribution and its perception by many waterpipe smokers as being a healthier and non-addictive way to use tobacco. Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3279519/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-4-496 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Ghafouri,Nasim, Hirsch,Jan D., Heydari,Gholamreza, Morello,Candis M., Kuo,Grace M., Singh,Renu F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Comparison of the bacterial species diversity of spontaneous cocoa bean fermentations carried out at selected farms in Ivory Coast and Brazil	2011	Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Food Microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Food Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 28 Issue 5 Start Page 964 Other Pages 973 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2011; JID: 8601127; 2010/08/16 [received]; 2011/11/19 [revised]; 2011/11/25 [accepted]; 2011/02/01 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1095-9998; 0740-0020 Accession Number PMID: 21569940 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.fm.2011.01.010 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21569940 Abstract To compare the spontaneous cocoa bean fermentation process carried out in different cocoa-producing regions, heap and box (one Ivorian farm) and box (two Brazilian farms) fermentations were carried out. All fermentations were studied through a multiphasic approach. In general, the temperature inside the fermenting mass increased throughout all fermentations and reached end-values of 42-48 degrees C. The main end-products of pulp carbohydrate catabolism were ethanol, lactic acid, acetic acid, and/or mannitol. In the case of the fermentations on the selected Ivorian farm, the species diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and acetic acid bacteria (AAB) was restricted. Lactobacillus fermentum and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides were the predominant LAB species, due to their ethanol and acid tolerance and citrate consumption. The levels of mannitol, ascribed to growth of L. fermentum, were fermentation-dependent. Also, enterobacterial species, such as Erwinia soli and Pantoea sp., were among the predominating microbiota during the early stages of both heap and box fermentations in Ivory Coast, which could be responsible for gluconic acid production. Consumption of gluconic acid at the initial phases of the Ivorian fermentations could be due to yeast growth. A wider microbial species diversity throughout the fermentation process was seen in the case of the box fermentations on the selected Brazilian farms, which differed, amongst other factors, regarding pod/bean selection on these farms as compared to fermentations on the selected Ivorian farm. This microbiota included Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus durianis, L. fermentum, Lactobacillus mali, Lactobacillus nagelii, L. pseudomesenteroides, and Pediococcus acidilactici, as well as Bacillus subtilis that was present at late fermentation, when the temperature inside the fermenting mass reached values higher than 50 degrees C. Moreover, AAB seemed to dominate the Brazilian box fermentations studied, explaining higher acetic acid concentrations in the pulp and the beans. To conclude, it turned out that the species diversity and community dynamics, influenced by local operational practices, in particular pod/bean selection, impact the quality of fermented cocoa beans. Descriptors Bacteria/classification/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism, Biodiversity, Brazil, Cacao/microbiology, Cote d'Ivoire, Fermentation, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Papalexandratou,Z., Camu,N., Falony,G., De Vuyst,L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110201 PMCID Editors
An online survey of tobacco use, intentions to quit, and cessation strategies among people living with bipolar disorder	2011	Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0984, USA. jprochaska@ucsf.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Bipolar disorders Periodical, Abbrev. Bipolar Disord. Pub Date Free Form Aug-Sep Volume 13 Issue 6-May Start Page 466 Other Pages 473 Notes LR: 20150129; CI: (c) 2011; GR: K23 DA018691/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: K23 DA018691/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: K23 DA018691-05/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 DA009253/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 DA009253-10/DA/NIDA NIH Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 1399-5618; 1398-5647 Accession Number PMID: 22017216 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2011.00944.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22017216 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Tobacco use is prevalent among people living with bipolar disorder. We examined tobacco use, attempts to quit, and tobacco-related attitudes and intentions among 685 individuals with bipolar disorder who smoked >/= 100 cigarettes in their lifetime. METHODS: Data were collected online through the website of the Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance, a mood disorder peer-support network. RESULTS: The sample was 67% female, 67% aged 26 to 50, and 89% Caucasian; 87% were current smokers; 92% of current smokers smoked daily, averaging 19 cigarettes/day (SD=11). The sample began smoking at a mean age of 17 years (SD=6) and smoked a median of 7 years prior to bipolar disorder diagnosis. Among current smokers, 74% expressed a desire to quit; intent to quit smoking was unrelated to current mental health symptoms [chi(2) (3)=5.50, p=0.139]. Only 33% were advised to quit smoking by a mental health provider, 48% reported smoking to treat their mental illness, and 96% believed being mentally healthy was important for quitting. Ex-smokers (13% of sample) had not smoked for a median of 2.7 years; 48% quit 'cold turkey.' Most ex-smokers (64%) were in poor or fair mental health when they quit smoking. At the time of the survey, however, more ex-smokers described their mental health as in recovery than current smokers [57% versus 40%; chi(2) (3)=11.12, p=0.011]. CONCLUSIONS: Most smokers living with bipolar disorder are interested in quitting. The Internet may be a useful cessation tool for recruiting and potentially treating smokers with bipolar disorder who face special challenges when trying to quit and rarely receive cessation treatment from their mental health providers. Descriptors Adult, Attitude, Bipolar Disorder/epidemiology/psychology, Chi-Square Distribution, Female, Health Behavior, Health Surveys, Humans, Intention, Male, Middle Aged, Online Systems, Smoking Cessation/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology/psychology Links Book Title Database Publisher John Wiley and Sons A/S Data Source Authors Prochaska,J. J., Reyes,R. S., Schroeder,S. A., Daniels,A. S., Doederlein,A., Bergeson,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC3341941 Editors
Effects of water-pipe smoking on lung function: a systematic review and meta-analysis	2011		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Chest Periodical, Abbrev. Chest Pub Date Free Form Volume 139 Issue 4 Start Page 764 Other Pages 74 Notes ID: 20671057 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Although common in many Middle Eastern countries, water-pipe tobacco smoking, commonly known as water-pipe smoking (WPS), is increasingly popular in Western cultures. The primary objective of this study was to systematically review the effects of WPS on lung function. The secondary objective was to compare the effects of WPS and cigarette smoking on lung function. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review using the approach of the Cochrane Collaboration to search for, select, and abstract studies. We conducted two separate meta-analyses comparing water-pipe smokers with nonsmokers, and water-pipe smokers with cigarette smokers for each of three spirometric measurements (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/ FVC). We used the standardized mean difference (SMD) to pool the results. RESULTS: Six cross-sectional studies were eligible for this review. Compared with no smoking, WPS was associated with a statistically significant reduction in FEV1 (SMD = -0.43; 95% CI, -0.58 to -0.29; equivalent to a 4.04% lower FEV1%), a trend toward lower FVC (SMD = -0.15; 95% CI, -0.34 to 0.04; equivalent to a 1.38% reduction in FVC%), and lower FEV1/ FVC (SMD = -0.46; 95% CI, -0.93 to 0.01; equivalent to a 3.08% lower FEV1/ FVC). Comparing WPS with cigarette smoking, there was no statistically significant difference in FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/ FVC. The six studies suffered from methodologic limitations. CONCLUSIONS: WPS negatively affects lung function and may be as harmful as cigarette smoking. WPS, therefore, is likely to be a cause of COPD. Descriptors Lung Diseases/physiopathology, Smoking/adverse effects, Tars/adverse effects, Humans, Respiratory Function Tests, Tobacco, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.10-0991 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Raad,Dany, Gaddam,Swarna, Schunemann,Holger J., Irani,Jihad, Abou Jaoude,Philippe, Honeine,Roland, Akl,Elie A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Hookah smoking: a popular alternative to cigarettes	2011		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tex Dent J Periodical, Abbrev. Tex.Dent.J. Pub Date Free Form Volume 128 Issue 5 Start Page 441 Other Pages 5 Notes ID: 21834366 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Hookah smoking has recently emerged as a popular alternative to cigarette smoking, particularly among young adults. The perception that hookah smoking is cleaner and less harmful than cigarette smoking appears to be key to its increased use, although this is not the case. Hookah tobacco smoking delivers the powerful addictive drug nicotine, higher levels of carbon monoxide than a cigarette as well as many of the carcinogens in cigarette smoke. There is also significantly increased risk associated with secondhand smoke from hookah smoke. Communal hookah use increases the risk of transmission of infectious diseases. Transition from social to individual hookah use is a critical step toward nicotine dependence as well as progression to cigarette use. Prevention and intervention in patients' tobacco use should include discussion of cigarette alternatives including hookah smoking. Descriptors Smoking/adverse effects, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Carcinogens/analysis, Humans, Nicotine/analysis, Risk Factors, Smoke/analysis, Tobacco/chemistry, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects, Young Adult Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-21834366 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Rankin,K. V. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Perceived factors related to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) initiation and maintenance in university students of Iran	2011		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Int J Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 56 Issue 2 Start Page 175 Other Pages 80 Notes ID: 20020176 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVES: To investigate the perceived factors leading to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) smoking initiation and maintenance in Iranian university students. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 233 students aged 20-25 enrolled in Isfahan University and Kashan University in 2007. Demographic factors as well as cigarette and ghelyan status, and perceived factors related to cigarette or ghelyan smoking initiation and maintenance were recorded. Principal component analysis was carried out to cluster perceived smoking initiation and maintenance factors. RESULT: In a multiple logistic regression model, perceived psychological factors were more significant to cigarette smoking initiation and maintenance than ghelyan smoking among girls (odds ratio, OR = 1.90; P < 0.04) although perceived psychological factors (OR = 2.20; P < 0.001) and social factors (OR = 2.42; P < 0.001) were more significant in cigarette smoking initiation than ghelyan smoking initiation among boys (OR = 2.42; P < 0.001). Moreover, study appears that in boys, perceived entertainment factors could play more significant role in ghelyan smoking initiation compared with cigarette smoking initiation (OR = 0.42; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Whereas the factors related to smoking initiation and maintenance are different in both genders and in both tobacco products, identification of cigarette and ghelyan smoking may guide policy makers to develop comprehensive interventions. Descriptors Health Behavior, Smoking/epidemiology, Students/psychology, Universities, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Iran, Male, Psychology, Sex Factors, Young Adult Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00038-009-0107-x Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Roohafza,Hamidreza, Sadeghi,Masoumeh, Shahnam,Maryam, Bahonar,Ahmad, Sarafzadegan,Nizal Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Attitude of University Students towards Waterpipe Smoking: Study in Iran	2011		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addict Health Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 3 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 9 Other Pages 14 Notes ID: 24494111 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco is consumed in various forms, and there has been an increasing trend worldwide in the use of waterpipe. This study aimed to assess the university students' attitudes towards waterpipe. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study; 1130 students randomly were selected from universities of Kerman, Iran. They were provided with a researcher-made questionnaire after obtaining the informed consent. The anonymous questionnaires were completed with ensuring about information confidentiality. In addition to the underlying questions, the questionnaires consisted of 10 attitude survey questions. Higher scores indicated more positive attitudes. FINDINGS: The obtained results indicated a significant difference of attitude of the students who were current or occasional smokers of waterpipe in comparison with the students who never smoked it towards addictiveness, social acceptance or rejection and its harmfulness; so that their attitudes were more positive (P < 0.05). Mean Â± SD of attitude score of the students who never consumed waterpipe before, those who had the history of consuming it at least once and those who were current smokers were 1.40 Â± 0.40, 1.50 Â± 0.41 and 1.70 Â± 0.43, respectively (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Waterpipe smoking was associated with false beliefs and positive attitudes among the students; therefore, the necessity of education and attitude changing is required in this regard. Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3905517/?tool=pubmed Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Sabahy,Abdol-Reza, Divsalar,Kouros, Nakhaee,Nouzar Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Analysis of primary aromatic amines in the mainstream waterpipe smoke using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry	2011		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Chromatogr A Periodical, Abbrev. J.Chromatogr.A Pub Date Free Form Volume 1218 Issue 33 Start Page 5628 Other Pages 37 Notes ID: 21752381 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract In recent years waterpipe smoking has spread worldwide and emerged as global health issue. Yet only little is known on the composition of waterpipe smoke. Here, we present a study on the identification and quantification of primary aromatic amines (PAAs) in this complex environmental matrix. Smoking of the waterpipe was conducted with a smoking machine and particulate matter was collected on glass fiber pads. We developed a fast, simple and specific liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach to simultaneously detect 31 different PAAs in this matrix. The detection limits comprised a range of 0.45-4.50 ng per smoking session, represented by 2-aminobiphenyl and 3,4,5-trichloroaniline, respectively. Intra- and inter-day precision were determined and proved excellent. We detected 31.3 Â± 2.2 ng aniline and 28.0 Â± 1.6 ng 4,4'-oxydianiline in the smoke of one waterpipe session. The water in the bowl exerted a small but considerable filter effect on PAAs. The method worked-out showed excellent sensitivity and specificity and is thus highly suited for the determination of PAAs in mainstream waterpipe smoke. Descriptors Amines/analysis, Chromatography, Liquid/methods, Smoke/analysis, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization/methods, Tobacco/chemistry, Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2011.06.072 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Schubert,Jens, Kappenstein,Oliver, Luch,Andreas, Schulz,Thomas G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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