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The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year Sort ascending | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Antiviral activity of four types of bioflavonoid against dengue virus type-2 | 2011 | Tropical Infectious Disease Research and Education Center (TIDREC), Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Virology journal
Periodical, Abbrev.
Virol.J.
Pub Date Free Form
28-Dec
Volume
8
Issue
Start Page
560
Other Pages
422X-8-560
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 101231645; 0 (Antiviral Agents); 0 (Flavanones); 0 (Flavonoids); 0 (RNA, Viral); 9IKM0I5T1E (Quercetin); E750O06Y6O (Hesperidin); N7TD9J649B (naringin); OO2ABO9578 (fisetin); Q9Q3D557F1 (hesperetin); OID: NLM: PMC3271998; 2011/09/11 [re
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1743-422X; 1743-422X
Accession Number
PMID: 22201648
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/1743-422X-8-560 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22201648
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Dengue is a major mosquito-borne disease currently with no effective antiviral or vaccine available. Effort to find antivirals for it has focused on bioflavonoids, a plant-derived polyphenolic compounds with many potential health benefits. In the present study, antiviral activity of four types of bioflavonoid against dengue virus type -2 (DENV-2) in Vero cell was evaluated. Anti-dengue activity of these compounds was determined at different stages of DENV-2 infection and replication cycle. DENV replication was measured by Foci Forming Unit Reduction Assay (FFURA) and quantitative RT-PCR. Selectivity Index value (SI) was determined as the ratio of cytotoxic concentration 50 (CC50) to inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) for each compound. RESULTS: The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of quercetin against dengue virus was 35.7 mug mL-1 when it was used after virus adsorption to the cells. The IC50 decreased to 28.9 mug mL-1 when the cells were treated continuously for 5 h before virus infection and up to 4 days post-infection. The SI values for quercetin were 7.07 and 8.74 mug mL-1, respectively, the highest compared to all bioflavonoids studied. Naringin only exhibited anti-adsorption effects against DENV-2 with IC50 = 168.2 mug mL-1 and its related SI was 1.3. Daidzein showed a weak anti-dengue activity with IC50 = 142.6 mug mL-1 when the DENV-2 infected cells were treated after virus adsorption. The SI value for this compound was 1.03. Hesperetin did not exhibit any antiviral activity against DENV-2. The findings obtained from Foci Forming Unit Reduction Assay (FFURA) were corroborated by findings of the qRT-PCR assays. Quercetin and daidzein (50 mug mL-1) reduced DENV-2 RNA levels by 67% and 25%, respectively. There was no significant inhibition of DENV-2 RNA levels with naringin and hesperetin. CONCLUSION: Results from the study suggest that only quercetin demonstrated significant anti-DENV-2 inhibitory activities. Other bioflavonoids, including daidzein, naringin and hesperetin showed minimal to no significant inhibition of DENV-2 virus replication. These findings, together with those previously reported suggest that select group of bioflavonoids including quercetin and fisetin, exhibited significant inhibitory activities against dengue virus. This group of flavonoids, flavonol, could be investigated further to discover the common mechanisms of inhibition of dengue virus replication.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Zandi,K., Teoh,B.T., Sam,S.S., Wong,P.F., Mustafa,M.R., Abubakar,S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20111228
PMCID
PMC3271998
Editors
|
|||
| Effectiveness of a stepped primary care smoking cessation intervention: cluster randomized clinical trial (ISTAPS study) | 2011 | Subdireccio General de Promocio de la Salut, Direccio General de Salut Publica, Departament de Salut, Barcelona, Spain. carmen.cabezas@gencat.cat | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addiction (Abingdon, England)
Periodical, Abbrev.
Addiction
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
106
Issue
9
Start Page
1696
Other Pages
1706
Notes
LR: 20151119; CI: (c) 2011 The Authors, Addiction (c) 2011; ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00125905; JID: 9304118; 0 (Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation); 0 (Chewing Gum); 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 01ZG3TPX31 (Bupropion); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Car
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1360-0443; 0965-2140
Accession Number
PMID: 21561497
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03491.x [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21561497
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness in primary care of a stepped smoking cessation intervention based on the transtheoretical model of change. DESIGN: Cluster randomized trial; unit of randomization: basic care unit (family physician and nurse who care for the same group of patients); and intention-to-treat analysis. SETTING: All interested basic care units (n = 176) that worked in 82 primary care centres belonging to the Spanish Preventive Services and Health Promotion Research Network in 13 regions of Spain. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2,827 smokers (aged 14-85 years) who consulted a primary care centre for any reason, provided written informed consent and had valid interviews. MEASUREMENTS: The outcome variable was the 1-year continuous abstinence rate at the 2-year follow-up. The main variable was the study group (intervention/control). Intervention involved 6-month implementation of recommendations from a Clinical Practice Guideline which included brief motivational interviews for smokers at the precontemplation-contemplation stage, brief intervention for smokers in preparation-action who do not want help, intensive intervention with pharmacotherapy for smokers in preparation-action who want help and reinforcing intervention in the maintenance stage. Control group involved usual care. Among others, characteristics of tobacco use and motivation to quit variables were also collected. FINDINGS: The 1-year continuous abstinence rate at the 2-year follow-up was 8.1% in the intervention group and 5.8% in the control group (P = 0.014). In the multivariate logistic regression, the odds of quitting of the intervention versus control group was 1.50 (95% confidence interval = 1.05-2.14). CONCLUSIONS: A stepped smoking cessation intervention based on the transtheoretical model significantly increased smoking abstinence at a 2-year follow-up among smokers visiting primary care centres.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Society for the Study of Addiction
Data Source
Authors
Cabezas,C., Advani,M., Puente,D., Rodriguez-Blanco,T., Martin,C., ISTAPS Study Group
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110722
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Candida parapsilosis complex water isolates from a haemodialysis unit: biofilm production and in vitro evaluation of the use of clinical antifungals | 2011 | Departamento de Analises Clinicas, Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brasil. rehepi@gmail.com | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Periodical, Abbrev.
Mem.Inst.Oswaldo Cruz
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
106
Issue
6
Start Page
646
Other Pages
654
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 7502619; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Hemodialysis Solutions); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 8VZV102JFY (Fluconazole); 2011/01/09 [received]; 2011/08/16 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Brazil
ISSN/ISBN
1678-8060; 0074-0276
Accession Number
PMID: 22012217
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
S0074-02762011000600002 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22012217
Abstract
Candida parapsilosis, currently divided into three distinct species, proliferates in glucose-rich solutions and has been associated with infections resulting from the use of medical devices made of plastic, an environment common in dialysis centres. The aims of this study were (i) to screen for Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis (100 environmental isolates previously identified as C. parapsilosis), (ii) to test the ability of these isolates to form biofilm and (iii) to investigate the in vitro susceptibility of Candida spp biofilms to the antifungal agents, fluconazole (FLC) and amphotericin B (AMB). Isolates were obtained from a hydraulic circuit collected from a haemodialysis unit. Based on molecular criteria, 47 strains were re-identified as C. orthopsilosis and 53 as C. parapsilosis. Analyses using a formazan salt reduction assay and total viable count, together with microscopy studies, revealed that 72 strains were able to form biofilm that was structurally similar, but with minor differences in morphology. A microtitre-based colorimetric assay used to test the susceptibility of fungal biofilms to AMB and FLC demonstrated that the C. parapsilosis complex displayed an increased resistance to these antifungal agents. The results from these analyses may provide a basis for implementing quality controls and monitoring to ensure the microbiological purity of dialysis water, including the presence of yeast.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Pires,R.H., Santos,J.M., Zaia,J.E., Martins,C.H., Mendes-Giannini,M.J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy and infantile neurodevelopment | 2011 | Department of Preventive Medicine and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 911-1 Mok-6-Dong, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental research
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
111
Issue
4
Start Page
539
Other Pages
544
Notes
LR: 20111214; CI: Copyright (c) 2011; JID: 0147621; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); CIN: Environ Res. 2011 Nov;111(8):1332-3. PMID: 21996059; 2010/02/08 [received]; 2011/01/31 [revised]; 2011/02/22 [accepted]; 2011/03/12 [aheadofprint]; p
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1096-0953; 0013-9351
Accession Number
PMID: 21397902
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.envres.2011.02.014 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21397902
Abstract
During prenatal development, the nervous system may be more susceptible to environmental toxicants, such as secondhand smoke. The authors assessed the effects of prenatal and postnatal secondhand smoke exposure on the neurodevelopment of 6-month infants. The subjects were 414 mother and infant pairs with no medical problems, taken from the Mothers' and Children's Environmental Health study. Prenatal and postnatal exposures to secondhand smoke were determined using maternal self-reports. Examiners, unaware of exposure history, assessed the infants at 6 months of age using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Bayley scores were compared for secondhand smoke exposed and unexposed groups after adjusting for potential confounders. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to estimate the risk of developmental delay posed by SHS exposure. The multivariate model included residential area, maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, education, income, infant sex, parity, birth weight, and type of feeding. After adjusting for covariates, secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy was found to be related to a decrease in mental developmental index score, but not to a decrease in psychomotor developmental index score. In addition, secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy was found to increase the risk of developmental delay (mental developmental index score </=85) at 6 months. This study suggests that the infants of non-smoking women exposed to secondhand smoke are at risk of neurodevelopmental delay.
Descriptors
Adult, Air Pollutants/toxicity, Female, Humans, Infant, Inhalation Exposure/statistics & numerical data, Logistic Models, Male, Maternal Exposure/statistics & numerical data, Nervous System/drug effects/growth & development, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/statistics & numerical data
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Lee,B. E., Hong,Y. C., Park,H., Ha,M., Kim,J. H., Chang,N., Roh,Y. M., Kim,B. N., Kim,Y., Oh,S. Y., Kim,Y. J., Ha,E. H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110312
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Voriconazole-induced inhibition of the fungicidal activity of amphotericin B in Candida strains with reduced susceptibility to voriconazole: an effect not predicted by the MIC value alone | 2011 | Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Infectious Diseases, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. anders.lignell@akademiska.se | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Periodical, Abbrev.
Antimicrob.Agents Chemother.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
55
Issue
4
Start Page
1629
Other Pages
1637
Notes
LR: 20150205; JID: 0315061; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (CDR1 protein, Candida albicans); 0 (Fungal Proteins); 0 (Membrane Transport Proteins); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Triazoles); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole); OID: NLM: PMC3067173; 2011
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1098-6596; 0066-4804
Accession Number
PMID: 21282443
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1128/AAC.00791-10 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21282443
Abstract
An antagonistic effect of voriconazole on the fungicidal activity of sequential doses of amphotericin B has previously been demonstrated in Candida albicans strains susceptible to voriconazole. Because treatment failure and the need to switch to other antifungals are expected to occur more often in infections that are caused by resistant strains, it was of interest to study whether the antagonistic effect was still seen in Candida strains with reduced susceptibility to voriconazole. With the hypothesis that antagonism will not occur in voriconazole-resistant strains, C. albicans strains with characterized mechanisms of resistance against voriconazole, as well as Candida glabrata and Candida krusei strains with differences in their degrees of susceptibility to voriconazole were exposed to voriconazole or amphotericin B alone, to both drugs simultaneously, or to voriconazole followed by amphotericin B in an in vitro kinetic model. Amphotericin B administered alone or simultaneously with voriconazole resulted in fungicidal activity. When amphotericin B was administered after voriconazole, its activity was reduced (median reduction, 61%; range, 9 to 94%). Levels of voriconazole-dependent inhibition of amphotericin B activity differed significantly among the strains but were not correlated with the MIC values (correlation coefficient, -0.19; P = 0.65). Inhibition was found in C. albicans strains with increases in CDR1 and CDR2 expression but not in the strain with an increase in MDR1 expression. In summary, decreased susceptibility to voriconazole does not abolish voriconazole-dependent inhibition of the fungicidal activity of amphotericin B in voriconazole-resistant Candida strains. The degree of interaction could not be predicted by the MIC value alone.
Descriptors
Amphotericin B/pharmacology, Antifungal Agents/pharmacology, Candida/drug effects, Candida albicans/drug effects, Candida glabrata/drug effects, Drug Interactions, Drug Resistance, Fungal/genetics/physiology, Fungal Proteins/genetics/metabolism, Humans, Membrane Transport Proteins, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Pyrimidines/pharmacology, Triazoles/pharmacology, Voriconazole
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lignell,A., Lowdin,E., Cars,O., Sanglard,D., Sjolin,J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110131
PMCID
PMC3067173
Editors
|
|||
| Maternal exposure to ambient levels of benzene and neural tube defects among offspring: Texas, 1999-2004 | 2011 | Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston 77030, USA. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental health perspectives
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Health Perspect.
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
119
Issue
3
Start Page
397
Other Pages
402
Notes
LR: 20141202; GR: T42OH008421/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States; GR: U50/CCU613232/PHS HHS/United States; JID: 0330411; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); CIN: Envi
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1552-9924; 0091-6765
Accession Number
PMID: 20923742
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM
DOI
10.1289/ehp.1002212 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20923742
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported positive associations between maternal exposure to air pollutants and several adverse birth outcomes. However, there have been no studies assessing the association between environmental levels of hazardous air pollutants, such as benzene, and neural tube defects (NTDs), a common and serious group of congenital malformations. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to conduct a case-control study assessing the association between ambient air levels of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) and the prevalence of NTDs among offspring. METHODS: The Texas Birth Defects Registry provided data on NTD cases (spina bifida and anencephaly) delivered between 1999 and 2004. The control group was a random sample of unaffected live births, frequency matched to cases on year of birth. Census tract-level estimates of annual BTEX levels were obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Assessment System for Population Exposure Nationwide. Restricted cubic splines were used in mixed-effects logistic regression models to determine associations between each pollutant and NTD phenotype. RESULTS: Mothers living in census tracts with the highest benzene levels were more likely to have offspring with spina bifida than were women living in census tracts with the lowest levels (odds ratio = 2.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-4.33). No significant associations were observed between anencephaly and benzene or between any of the NTD phenotypes and toluene, ethylbenzene, or xylene. CONCLUSION: In the first study to assess the relationship between environmental levels of BTEX and NTDs, we found an association between benzene and spina bifida. Our results contribute to the growing body of evidence regarding air pollutant exposure and adverse birth outcomes.
Descriptors
Adult, Air Pollutants/analysis/toxicity, Air Pollution/statistics & numerical data, Benzene/analysis/toxicity, Benzene Derivatives/analysis/toxicity, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Maternal Exposure/adverse effects/statistics & numerical data, Neural Tube Defects/epidemiology, Spinal Dysraphism/epidemiology, Texas, Toluene/analysis/toxicity, Xylenes/analysis/toxicity, Young Adult
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lupo,P. J., Symanski,E., Waller,D. K., Chan,W., Langlois,P. H., Canfield,M. A., Mitchell,L. E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20101005
PMCID
PMC3060005
Editors
|
|||
| Epidemiologic risk factors for esophageal cancer development | 2011 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
12
Issue
10
Start Page
2461
Other Pages
6
Notes
ID: 22320939
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
In retrospective studies of esophageal cancer (EC), cigarettes and hookah smoking, nass use (a chewing tobacco product), opium consumption, hot tea drinking, poor oral health, low intake of fresh fruit and vegetables, and low socioeconomic status have been associated with a higher risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Barrett's esophagus is clearly recognized as a risk factor for EC, and dysplasia remains the only factor useful for identifying patients at increased risk, for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma in clinical practice. Here, we review the epidemiologic studies that have investigated the epidemiologic patterns and causes of EC.
Descriptors
Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology, Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics, Age Factors, Alcoholism, Asia/epidemiology, Barrett Esophagus/complications, Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology, Food Habits, Humans, Nitrosamines/adverse effects, Nutrition Disorders, Papillomavirus Infections/complications, Papillomavirus Infections/pathology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Social Class, Tobacco Use Disorder
Links
http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-22320939
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Mao,Wei-Min, Zheng,Wei-Hui, Ling,Zhi-Qiang
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Design, baseline results of Irbid longitudinal, school-based smoking study | 2011 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Am J Health Behav
Periodical, Abbrev.
Am.J.Health Behav.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
35
Issue
6
Start Page
746
Other Pages
55
Notes
ID: 22251765
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare patterns of water pipe and cigarette smoking in an eastern Mediterranean country. METHODS: In 2008, 1781 out of 1877 seventh graders enrolled in 19 randomly selected schools in Irbid, Jordan, were surveyed. RESULTS: Experimentation with and current water pipe smoking were more prevalent than cigarette smoking (boys: 38.7% vs 26.8%; 20.2% vs 9.0%, girls: 21.2% vs 9.5%; and 7.5% vs 2.3%, P<0.05 for all). Parent- and peer-smoking correlated more strongly with water pipe than with cigarette smoking. CONCLUSION: Water-pipe smoking is more prevalent than cigarette smoking at this early age.
Descriptors
Smoking/epidemiology, Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Jordan/epidemiology, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Peer Group, Prevalence, Research Design, Schools, Sex Factors, Questionnaires
Links
http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-22251765
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Mzayek,Fawaz, Khader,Yousef, Eissenberg,Thomas, Ward,Kenneth D., Maziak,Wasim
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Emerging Trend of Waterpipe use in Saudi Arabia | 2011 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Int J Health Sci (Qassim)
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
5
Issue
2
Start Page
V
Other Pages
VI
Notes
ID: 23267298
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3521837/?tool=pubmed
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Naeem,Zahid
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| A pilot clinical trial of varenicline for smoking cessation in black smokers | 2011 | Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA. nnollen@kumc.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
13
Issue
9
Start Page
868
Other Pages
873
Notes
LR: 20151119; GR: P60MD003422/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 0 (Benzazepines); 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 0 (Quinoxalines); W6HS99O8ZO (Varenicline); OID: NLM: PMC3203399; 2011/04/15 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-994X; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 21498427
Language
eng
SubFile
Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1093/ntr/ntr063 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21498427
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Varenicline, a first-line non-nicotine medication, has not been evaluated in Black smokers, and limited attention has been paid to pharmacotherapy adherence in smoking cessation trials. This pilot study estimated quit rates for Black smokers treated with varenicline and tested a behavioral intervention to aid varenicline adherence. METHODS: Seventy-two Black smokers (>10 cigarettes per day; cpd) were randomly assigned to adherence support (AS; n = 36) or standard care (n = 36). All participants received 3 months of varenicline and a single counseling session focused on making a quit plan. AS participants received 5 additional counseling sessions to encourage medication use. Outcome measures included salivary cotinine, and carbon monoxide confirmed smoking abstinence, reductions in self-reported cpd, and pill counts of varenicline adherence at Months 1, 2, and 3. RESULTS: Sixty-one participants (84.7%) completed follow-up at Month 3. Participants were female (62.5%), 46.8 years of age, and smoked 16.3 cpd. No treatment group differences were found on the smoking or adherence outcome measures (p > .05). Collapsing across treatment, varenicline adherence was adequate (86.1%), yet despite a reduction of 12.2 (6.5) cpd from baseline to Month 3 (p < 0.001), only 23.6% were confirmed quit at Month 3. Participants who were quit at Month 3 had higher varenicline adherence rates (95.8%) than those who continued to smoke (80.8%, p </= .05). CONCLUSIONS: Studies are needed to examine the efficacy of varenicline among Black smokers. Interventions to facilitate adherence to pharmacotherapy warrant further attention as adherence is linked to improved tobacco abstinence.
Descriptors
Adult, African Americans, Behavior Therapy, Benzazepines/administration & dosage, Combined Modality Therapy, Counseling/methods, Female, Humans, Male, Medication Adherence, Middle Aged, Nicotinic Agonists/administration & dosage, Pilot Projects, Quinoxalines/administration & dosage, Smoking Cessation/ethnology/methods, Tobacco Use Disorder/drug therapy/ethnology, United States, Varenicline
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Nollen,N. L., Cox,L. S., Nazir,N., Ellerbeck,E. F., Owen,A., Pankey,S., Thompson,N., Ahluwalia,J. S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110415
PMCID
PMC3203399
Editors
|
|||