WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Effectiveness of a proactive mail-based alcohol Internet intervention for university students: dismantling the assessment and feedback components in a randomized controlled trial	2012	Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. preben.bendtsen@liu.se	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 31-Oct Volume 14 Issue 5 Start Page e142 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150222; ISRCTN/ISRCTN24735383; GR: WT086516MA/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC3510746; 2012/01/20 [received]; 2012/07/11 [accepted]; 2012/05/29 [revised]; epublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 23113955 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.2062 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23113955 Abstract BACKGROUND: University students in Sweden routinely receive proactive mail-based alcohol Internet interventions sent from student health services. This intervention provides personalized normative feedback on alcohol consumption with suggestions on how to decrease drinking. Earlier feasibility trials by our group and others have examined effectiveness in simple parallel-groups designs. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of electronic screening and brief intervention, using a randomized controlled trial design that takes account of baseline assessment reactivity (and other possible effects of the research process) due to the similarity between the intervention and assessment content. The design of the study allowed for exploration of the magnitude of the assessment effects per se. METHODS: This trial used a dismantling design and randomly assigned 5227 students to 3 groups: (1) routine practice assessment and feedback, (2) assessment-only without feedback, and (3) neither assessment nor feedback. At baseline all participants were blinded to study participation, with no contact being made with group 3. We approached students 2 months later to participate in a cross-sectional alcohol survey. All interventions were fully automated and did not have any human involvement. All data used in the analysis were based on self-assessment using questionnaires. The participants were unaware that they were participating in a trial and thus were also blinded to which group they were randomly assigned. RESULTS: Overall, 44.69% (n = 2336) of those targeted for study completed follow-up. Attrition was similar in groups 1 (697/1742, 40.01%) and 2 (737/1742, 42.31% retained) and lower in group 3 (902/1743, 51.75% retained). Intention-to-treat analyses among all participants regardless of their baseline drinking status revealed no differences between groups in all alcohol parameters at the 2-month follow-up. Per-protocol analyses of groups 1 and 2 among those who accepted the email intervention (36.2% of the students who were offered the intervention in group 1 and 37.3% of the students in group2 ) and who were risky drinkers at baseline (60.7% follow-up rate in group 1 and 63.5% in group 2) suggested possible small beneficial effects on weekly consumption attributable to feedback. CONCLUSIONS: This approach to outcome evaluation is highly conservative, and small benefits may follow the actual uptake of feedback intervention in students who are risky drinkers, the precise target group. TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 24735383; http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN24735383 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6Awq7gjXG). Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bendtsen,P., McCambridge,J., Bendtsen,M., Karlsson,N., Nilsen,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20121031 PMCID PMC3510746 Editors
Occupational exposure of petroleum depot workers to BTEX compounds	2012	Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center and School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mrazari@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The international journal of occupational and environmental medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Occup.Environ.Med. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 3 Issue 1 Start Page 39 Other Pages 44 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101535763; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Petroleum); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); 2011/08/06 [received]; 2011/12/07 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Iran ISSN/ISBN 2008-6520; 2008-6520 Accession Number PMID: 23022850 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 110 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23022850 Abstract BACKGROUND: Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) are the most important toxic volatile compounds in the air and could be easily absorbed through the respiratory tract. In recent years, the risk of exposure to BTEX compounds, especially benzene as a carcinogen, has been considered in petroleum depot stations. OBJECTIVE: To assess the occupational exposure of petroleum depot workers in Iran to BTEX compounds. METHODS: After completing a questionnaire and assessing occupational exposure to BTEX compounds, 78 (46 exposed and 32 non-exposed) depot workers were randomly selected to participate in this study. Air sampling and analysis of BTEX was conducted according to the NIOSH method No. 1501. Analysis of urinary hippuric acid, as an indicator of toluene exposure, was carried out according to NIOSH method No. 8300. Personal monitoring of the high exposure group to BTEX compounds was repeated to verify the results obtained in the first phase of the monitoring. RESULTS: Among the 9 operating groups studied, occupational exposure to benzene and toluene was higher in quality control and gasoline loading operators-the median exposure ranged from 0.16 to 1.63 ppm for benzene and 0.2 to 2.72 ppm for toluene. Median exposure of other group members to BTEX compounds was below the detection limit of analytical method (0.07, 0.06, 0.05, and 0.05 ppm, respectively). The level of toluene exposure measured showed correlation with neither post-shift urinary hippuric acid (Spearman's rho = 0.128, p = 0.982) nor with the difference between post- and pre-shift urinary hippuric acid (Spearman's rho = 0.089, p = 0.847) in depot operational workers. CONCLUSION: Gasoline loading operators are exposed to a relatively high level of benzene. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Rezazadeh Azari,M., Naghavi Konjin,Z., Zayeri,F., Salehpour,S., Seyedi,M.D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The importance of exposure rate on odds ratios by cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption for esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium	2012	Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. lubinj@mail.nih.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cancer epidemiology Periodical, Abbrev. Cancer.Epidemiol. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 36 Issue 3 Start Page 306 Other Pages 316 Notes LR: 20150325; CI: Published by Elsevier Ltd.; GR: CA59636/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: K05 CA124911/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30 CA015704/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA57947-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DK063616/DK/NIDD Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1877-783X; 1877-7821 Accession Number PMID: 22504051 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.canep.2012.03.001 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22504051 Abstract BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), esophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma (EGJA) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and alcohol consumption with ESCC. However, no analyses have examined how delivery rate modifies the strength of odds ratio (OR) trends with total exposure, i.e., the impact on the OR for a fixed total exposure of high exposure rate for short duration compared with low exposure rate for long duration. METHODS: The authors pooled data from 12 case-control studies from the Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON), including 1242 (EAC), 1263 (EGJA) and 954 (ESCC) cases and 7053 controls, modeled joint ORs for cumulative exposure and exposure rate for cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, and evaluated effect modification by sex, body mass index (BMI), age and self-reported acid reflux. RESULTS: For smoking, all sites exhibited inverse delivery rate effects, whereby ORs with pack-years increased, but trends weakened with increasing cigarettes/day. None of the examined factors modified associations, except for ESCC where younger ages at diagnosis enhanced smoking effects (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lubin,J.H., Cook,M.B., Pandeya,N., Vaughan,T.L., Abnet,C.C., Giffen,C., Webb,P.M., Murray,L.J., Casson,A.G., Risch,H.A., Ye,W., Kamangar,F., Bernstein,L., Sharp,L., Nyren,O., Gammon,M.D., Corley,D.A., Wu,A.H., Brown,L.M., Chow,W.H., Ward,M.H., Freedman,N.D., Whiteman,D.C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120413 PMCID PMC3489030 Editors
Prevalence and patterns of commonly abused psychoactive prescription drugs in a sample of university students from Lebanon: an opportunity for cross-cultural comparisons	2012	Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, American University of Beirut, 1107-2020 Lebanon. lg01@aub.edu.lb	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Drug and alcohol dependence Periodical, Abbrev. Drug Alcohol Depend. Pub Date Free Form 1-Feb Volume 121 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 110 Other Pages 117 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2011; GR: DA020667/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: DA023434/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: HD060072/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 HD060072/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03 DA023434/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/Un Place of Publication Ireland ISSN/ISBN 1879-0046; 0376-8716 Accession Number PMID: 21924844 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.08.021 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21924844 Abstract BACKGROUND: Concerns about psychoactive prescription drug abuse among youth are growing worldwide, but the majority of published studies remain from the US and Canada impeding cross-cultural comparisons. This study examines the prevalence, sources, motivations and substance-use correlates of commonly abused medications among youth from Lebanon. METHODS: An IRB-approved cross-sectional study was conducted (May 2010) at the American University of Beirut. Proportionate cluster sampling was used to generate a representative sample of AUB students (n=570). A self-filled anonymous questionnaire was administered. RESULTS: Lifetime medical and nonmedical prevalence of medications were (respectively): pain (36.9%, 15.1%), anxiety (8.3%, 4.6%), sleeping (6.5%, 5.8%) and stimulants (2.6%, 3.5%). Gender differences were not observed. Lebanese were least likely to report non-medical use. Nonmedical users mostly used the drugs for their intended purpose (e.g., sleeping to help in sleep, stimulants to increase alertness). Parents and pharmacists (without a doctor's prescription) were the top two sources of all medications, except for stimulants (friends predominated). Diversion was observed in about 20% of the medical users. Lifetime marijuana users and past year alcohol abusers were three times as likely to use any prescription drug nonmedically. CONCLUSIONS: In Lebanon, as in Western cultures, a considerable proportion of youth may be self-medicating. The absence of medical supervision coupled with motivations such as "to get high" renders this issue a high priority on the national youth agenda. Besides larger more comprehensive surveys, the findings signal the immediate need to reinforce relevant policies, and raise awareness among youth, parents, health professionals and other stakeholders. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ireland Ltd Data Source Authors Ghandour,L.A., El Sayed,D.S., Martins,S.S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110915 PMCID PMC3654541 Editors
Isolation and identification of cultivable lactic acid bacteria in traditional yak milk products of Gansu Province in China	2012	Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of general and applied microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Gen.Appl.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 58 Issue 2 Start Page 95 Other Pages 105 Notes LR: 20131121; GENBANK/HM058717; GENBANK/HM058718; GENBANK/HM058719; GENBANK/HM058720; GENBANK/HM058721; GENBANK/HM058722; GENBANK/HM058723; GENBANK/HM058724; GENBANK/HM058725; GENBANK/HM058726; GENBANK/HM058727; GENBANK/HM058728; GENBANK/HM058729; GENBANK Place of Publication Japan ISSN/ISBN 1349-8037; 0022-1260 Accession Number PMID: 22688240 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI DN/JST.JSTAGE/jgam/58.95 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22688240 Abstract Various traditional fermented yak milk and raw milk foods could be considered as an abundant resource for obtaining novel lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with unique properties. Eighty-eight samples of yak milk products were collected from Gansu Province in China. Three hundred and nineteen strains of LAB isolated from these samples were identified by phenotypic methods, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and PCR-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) technology. Among the isolates, one hundred and sixty-four isolates (51.41% of the total) were classified under Lactobacilli, and one hundred and fifty-five (48.59%) belonged to cocci. All the isolates were classified to six genera (Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Weissella) and twenty-one species. Lactobacillus helveticus (87 strains), Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides (49 strains), Streptococcus thermophilus (39 strains), Lactobacillus casei (31 strains) and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (19 strains) were considered as the predominant populations in the yak milk products. The results showed that there were abundant genus and species LAB existing in yak milk products in Gansu Province in China. The obtained LAB pure cultures may be a valuable source for further starter selection. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bao,Q., Liu,W., Yu,J., Wang,W., Qing,M., Chen,X., Wang,F., Zhang,J., Zhang,W., Qiao,J., Sun,T., Zhang,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Microwave-assisted extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for isolation and determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in smoked fish	2012	Department of Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of chromatography.A Periodical, Abbrev. J.Chromatogr.A Pub Date Free Form 11-May Volume 1237 Issue Start Page 30 Other Pages 36 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2012; JID: 9318488; 0 (Polycyclic Compounds); 2012/01/10 [received]; 2012/02/28 [revised]; 2012/02/29 [accepted]; 2012/03/10 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-3778; 0021-9673 Accession Number PMID: 22483095 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.02.078 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22483095 Abstract A simple and efficient method was developed using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the extraction and quantification of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in smoked fish. Benzo[a]pyrene, chrysene and pyrene were employed as model compounds and spiked to smoked fish to assess the extraction procedure. Several parameters, including the nature and volume of hydrolysis, extracting and disperser solvents, microwave time and pH, were optimized. In the optimum condition for MAE, 1g of fish sample was extracted in 12 mL KOH (2M) and ethanol with a 50:50 ratio in a closed-vessel system. For DLLME, 500 muL of acetone (disperser solvent) containing 100 muL of ethylene tetrachloride (extraction solvent) was rapidly injected by syringe into 12 mL of the sample extract solution (previously adjusted to pH 6.5), thereby forming a cloudy solution. Phase separation was performed by centrifugation and a volume of 1.5 muL of the sedimented phase was analyzed by GC-MS in select ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Satisfactory results were achieved when this method was applied to analyze the PAHs in smoked fish samples. The MAE-DLLME method coupled with GC-MS provided excellent enrichment factors (in the range of 244-373 for 16 PAHs) and good repeatability (with a relative standard deviation between 2.8 and 9%) for spiked smoked fish. The calibration graphs were linear in the range of 1-200 ng g(-1), with the square of the correlation coefficient (R(2))>0.981 and detection limits between 0.11 and 0.43 ng g(-1). The recoveries of those compounds in smoked fish were from 82.1% to 105.5%. A comparison of this method with previous methods demonstrated that the proposed method is an accurate, rapid and reliable sample-pretreatment method that gives very good enrichment factors and detection limits for extracting and determining PAHs from smoked fish. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Ghasemzadeh-Mohammadi,V., Mohammadi,A., Hashemi,M., Khaksar,R., Haratian,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120310 PMCID Editors
Determination of volatile organic compounds in water using ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction followed by gas chromatography	2012	Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of separation science Periodical, Abbrev. J.Sep.Sci. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 35 Issue 6-May Start Page 688 Other Pages 694 Notes CI: (c) 2012; JID: 101088554; 0 (Volatile Organic Compounds); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 2011/07/12 [received]; 2011/11/27 [revised]; 2011/12/04 [accepted]; 2012/01/24 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 1615-9314; 1615-9306 Accession Number PMID: 22271628 Language eng SubFile Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1002/jssc.201100610 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22271628 Abstract Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are toxic compounds in the air, water and land. In the proposed method, ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (USAEME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been developed for the extraction and determination of eight VOCs in water samples. The influence of each experimental parameter of this method (the type of extraction solvent, volume of extraction solvent, salt addition, sonication time and extraction temperature) was optimized. The procedure for USAEME was as follows: 15 muL of 1-bromooctane was used as the extraction solvent; 10 mL sample solution in a centrifuge tube with a cover was then placed in an ultrasonic water bath for 3 min. After centrifugation, 2 muL of the settled 1-bromooctane extract was injected into the GC-MS for further analysis. The optimized results indicated that the linear range is 0.1-100.0 mug/L and the limits of detection (LODs) are 0.033-0.092 mug/L for the eight analytes. The relative standard deviations (RSD), enrichment factors (EFs) and relative recoveries (RR) of the method when used on lake water samples were 2.8-9.5, 96-284 and 83-110%. The performance of the proposed method was gauged by analyzing samples of tap water, lake water and river water samples. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim Data Source Authors Leong,M.I., Huang,S.D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120124 PMCID Editors
Phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis of lactic acid bacteria isolated from forage crops and grasses in the Tibetan Plateau	2012	Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-engineering, Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) Periodical, Abbrev. J.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 50 Issue 1 Start Page 63 Other Pages 71 Notes GENBANK/AB602799; GENBANK/AB602800; GENBANK/AB602801; GENBANK/AB602802; GENBANK/AB602803; GENBANK/AB602804; GENBANK/AB602805; GENBANK/AB602806; GENBANK/AB602807; GENBANK/AB602808; GENBANK/AB602809; GENBANK/AB602810; GENBANK/AB602811; GENBANK/AB602812; GEN Place of Publication Korea (South) ISSN/ISBN 1976-3794; 1225-8873 Accession Number PMID: 22367939 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1007/s12275-012-1284-5 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22367939 Abstract A total of 140 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were isolated from corn, alfalfa, clover, sainfoin, and Indian goosegrass in the Tibetan Plateau. According to phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, 16S rDNA sequence, and recA gene PCR amplification, these LAB isolates were identified as belonging to five genera and nine species. Corn contained more LAB species than other forage crops. Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Lactobacillus brevis, and Weissella paramesenteroides were dominant members of the LAB population on alfalfa, clover, sainfoin, and Indian goosegrass, respectively. The comprehensive 16S rDNA and recA-based approach effectively described the LAB community structure of the relatively abundant LAB species distributed on different forage crops. This is the first report describing the diversity and natural populations of LAB associated with Tibetan forage crops, and most isolates grow well at or below 10 degrees C. The results will be valuable for the future design of appropriate inoculants for silage fermentation in this very cold area. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Pang,H., Tan,Z., Qin,G., Wang,Y., Li,Z., Jin,Q., Cai,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120227 PMCID Editors
Current tobacco use among middle and high school students--United States, 2011	2012		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 10-Aug Volume 61 Issue 31 Start Page 581 Other Pages 585 Notes JID: 7802429; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 22874835 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI mm6131a1 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22874835 Abstract Tobacco use continues to be the leading preventable cause of death and disease in the United States, with nearly 443,000 deaths occurring annually because of cigarette smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke. Moreover, nearly 90% of adult smokers begin smoking by age 18 years. To assess current tobacco use among youths, CDC analyzed data from the 2011 National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS). This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that, in 2011, the prevalence of current tobacco use among middle school and high school students was 7.1% and 23.2%, respectively, and the prevalence of current cigarette use was 4.3%, and 15.8%, respectively. During 2000-2011, among middle school students, a linear downward trend was observed in the prevalence of current tobacco use (14.9% to 7.1%), current combustible tobacco use (14.0% to 6.3%), and current cigarette use (10.7% to 4.3%). For high school students, a linear downward trend also was observed in these measures (current tobacco use [34.4% to 23.2%], current combustible tobacco use [33.1% to 21.0%], and current cigarette use [27.9% to 15.8%]). Interventions that are proven to prevent and reduce tobacco use among youths include media campaigns, limiting advertisements and other promotions, increasing the price of tobacco products, and reducing the availability of tobacco products for purchase by youths. These interventions should continue to be implemented as part of national comprehensive tobacco control programs and should be coordinated with Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations restricting the sale, distribution, and marketing of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products to youths. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Personal exposure to volatile organic compounds in the Czech Republic	2012	Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Expo.Sci.Environ.Epidemiol. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 22 Issue 5 Start Page 455 Other Pages 460 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 101262796; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Volatile Organic Compounds); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); 6WAC1O477V (4-xylene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); O9XS864HTE (3-xylene); Z2474E14QP (2-xyle Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1559-064X; 1559-0631 Accession Number PMID: 22669500 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1038/jes.2012.30 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22669500 Abstract Personal exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured in the three industrial cities in the Czech Republic, Ostrava, Karvina and Havirov, while the city of Prague served as a control in a large-scale molecular epidemiological study identifying the impacts of air pollution on human health. Office workers from Ostrava and city policemen from Karvina, Havirov and Prague were monitored in the winter and summer of 2009. Only adult non-smokers participated in the study (N=160). Radiello-diffusive passive samplers were used to measure the exposure to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, meta- plus para-xylene and ortho-xylene (BTEX). All participants completed a personal questionnaire and a time-location-activity diary (TLAD). The average personal BTEX exposure levels in both seasons were 7.2/34.3/4.4/16.1 mug/m(3), respectively. The benzene levels were highest in winter in Karvina, Ostrava and Prague: 8.5, 7.2 and 5.3 mug/m(3), respectively. The personal exposures to BTEX were higher than the corresponding stationary monitoring levels detected in the individual localities (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Svecova,V., Topinka,J., Solansky,I., Sram,R.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120606 PMCID Editors

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