Eritrea

The Health Sector Strategic and Development Plan III (HSSDP III) 2022-2026 of Eritrea aims to strengthen the health system by enhancing universal health coverage (UHC), health security, and governance. It aligns with the National Health Policy 2020, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 3), and the Agenda 2030, focusing on disease burden reduction, risk factor minimization, and emergency preparedness​. Eritrea has made significant progress in maternal and child health, with reductions in neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality rates, as well as improvements in vaccination coverage and HIV/AIDS treatment uptake. However, maternal mortality remains high, and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are emerging as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Health system challenges include gaps in specialist healthcare, infrastructure deficits, and weak health financing mechanisms​. The plan introduces modernization of medical services, with an emphasis on expanding resilient public health services, digital transformation, and enhancing human resources. Health equity remains a priority, with efforts to extend service delivery to remote areas through outreach programs, maternity waiting homes, and improved referral systems​. While Eritrea has made commendable strides in primary healthcare and disease prevention, achieving the targets of HSSDP III will require sustained investment, stronger intersectoral coordination, and enhanced financial sustainability strategies. The plan’s success will depend on robust monitoring frameworks, community engagement, and the integration of digital health solutions to ensure a resilient and efficient healthcare system​.