Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Strategic Plan for Health Care Development (2008–2018) aimed to reform the healthcare system by improving efficiency, accessibility, and financial sustainability. The plan emphasized universal health coverage, decentralization, and stronger governance, aligning with European health policy standards. It sought to strengthen primary healthcare, enhance hospital service quality, and modernize health information systems. Key progress areas included expanding primary healthcare services, improving disease prevention programs, and increasing public health awareness. Investments in health infrastructure and digital health records facilitated better service coordination. However, challenges such as fragmented governance, workforce shortages, and financial instability persisted. Differences in health insurance coverage across regions and inefficiencies in funding allocation led to disparities in healthcare access. The plan promoted public-private partnerships, standardized medical education, and capacity-building for healthcare professionals. Efforts to integrate quality assurance mechanisms and cost-effectiveness strategies improved some aspects of service delivery. However, bureaucratic inefficiencies, limited financial resources, and regional disparities remained key barriers to full implementation. Despite its structural advancements, the healthcare system continued to face resource limitations, rising costs, and uneven service distribution. Future reforms must prioritize sustainable financing, better coordination between federal and regional health authorities, and stronger regulatory frameworks to ensure equitable healthcare access across the country​.