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WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year Sort ascending | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Expectancies for cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and nicotine replacement therapies among e-cigarette users (aka vapers) | 2015 | Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; paul.harrell@moffitt.org.; Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL;; Depar | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Feb
Volume
17
Issue
2
Start Page
193
Other Pages
200
Notes
LR: 20160202; CI: (c) The Author 2014; GR: P30 CA076292/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA134347/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA154596/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01CA134347/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01CA154596/CA/NCI NIH HH
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-994X; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 25168035
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.1093/ntr/ntu149 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25168035
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Use of e-cigarettes has been increasing exponentially, with the primary motivation reported as smoking cessation. To understand why smokers choose e-cigarettes as an alternative to cigarettes, as well as to US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)--approved nicotine replacement therapies (NRT), we compared outcome expectancies (beliefs about the results of drug use) for the three nicotine delivery systems among vapers, i.e., e-cigarette users, who were former smokers. METHODS: Vapers (N = 1,434) completed an online survey assessing 14 expectancy domains as well as perceived cost and convenience. We focused on comparisons between e-cigarettes and cigarettes to determine the attraction of e-cigarettes as a smoking alternative and between e-cigarettes and NRT to determine perceived advantages of e-cigarettes over FDA-approved pharmacotherapy. RESULTS: Participants believed that e-cigarettes, in comparison to conventional cigarettes, had fewer health risks; caused less craving, withdrawal, addiction, and negative physical feelings; tasted better; and were more satisfying. In contrast, conventional cigarettes were perceived as better than e-cigarettes for reducing negative affect, controlling weight, providing stimulation, and reducing stress. E-cigarettes, compared to NRT, were perceived to be less risky, cost less, cause fewer negative physical feelings, taste better, provide more satisfaction, and be better at reducing craving, negative affect, and stress. Moderator analyses indicated history with ad libitum forms of NRT was associated with less positive NRT expectancies. CONCLUSIONS: The degree to which expectancies for e-cigarettes differed from expectancies for either tobacco cigarettes or NRT offers insight into the motivation of e-cigarette users and provides guidance for public health and clinical interventions to encourage smoking-related behavior change.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Data Source
Authors
Harrell,P.T., Marquinez,N.S., Correa,J.B., Meltzer,L.R., Unrod,M., Sutton,S.K., Simmons,V.N., Brandon,T.H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140828
PMCID
PMC4438353
Editors
|
|||
| Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Tobacco Smoke Pollution in Homes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis | 2015 | School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel. rosenl@post.tau.ac.il.; School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel. v | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of environmental research and public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Environ.Res.Public.Health.
Pub Date Free Form
18-Dec
Volume
12
Issue
12
Start Page
16043
Other Pages
16059
Notes
LR: 20160107; JID: 101238455; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OID: NLM: PMC4690974; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/10/18 [received]; 2015/12/03 [revised]; 2015/12/09 [accepted]; epublish
Place of Publication
Switzerland
ISSN/ISBN
1660-4601; 1660-4601
Accession Number
PMID: 26694440
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM
DOI
10.3390/ijerph121215038 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26694440
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Smoke-free homes can help protect children from tobacco smoke exposure (TSE). The objective of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to quantify effects of interventions on changes in tobacco smoke pollution in the home, as measured by air nicotine and particulate matter (PM). METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Embase. We included controlled trials of interventions which aimed to help parents protect children from tobacco smoke exposure. Two reviewers identified relevant studies, and three reviewers extracted data. RESULTS: Seven studies were identified. Interventions improved tobacco smoke air pollution in homes as assessed by nicotine or PM. (6 studies, N = 681, p = 0.02). Analyses of air nicotine and PM separately also showed some benefit (Air nicotine: 4 studies, N = 421, p = 0.08; PM: 3 studies, N = 340, p = 0.02). Despite improvements, tobacco smoke pollution was present in homes in all studies at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions designed to protect children from tobacco smoke are effective in reducing tobacco smoke pollution (as assessed by air nicotine or PM) in homes, but contamination remains. The persistence of significant pollution levels in homes after individual level intervention may signal the need for other population and regulatory measures to help reduce and eliminate childhood tobacco smoke exposure.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Rosen,L.J., Myers,V., Winickoff,J.P., Kott,J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20151218
PMCID
PMC4690974
Editors
|
|||
| Trend of Legionella colonization in hospital water supply | 2015 | Department of Architecture and Planning, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.; Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.; Medical Direction Unit, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy.; Department of Public H | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Annali di Igiene : Medicina Preventiva e di Comunita
Periodical, Abbrev.
Ann.Ig.
Pub Date Free Form
Mar-Apr
Volume
27
Issue
2
Start Page
460
Other Pages
466
Notes
JID: 9002865; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish
Place of Publication
Italy
ISSN/ISBN
1120-9135; 1120-9135
Accession Number
PMID: 26051144
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.7416/ai.2015.2032 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26051144
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In many nosocomial Legionella outbreaks water distribution systems are the most frequent source of infection. OBJECTIVES: Considering the hospital waterline old age, an investigation on colonization by Legionella spp was carried out in order to evaluate the pipeline system weaknesses and to implement environmental preventive measures. METHODS: From 2004 to 2010, overall 97 samples from the water line were collected. The samples were analyzed according to the italian Legionella spp standard methods; water temperature, pH and residual free chlorine were determined at the time of collection. X2 test, exact-test and t-test were used to compare proportions and means. RESULTS: Overall 28 samples (23.7%) were positive for Legionella spp, and five of them (17.9%) exceeded the threshold level >104 cfu/L. The number of positive samples varied along the years, showing a significant increasing trend (X2 for trend = 11.5; p104 cfu/L occurred in the C-building. No cases of nosocomial legionellosis were reported during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: Hospital water system showed a diffuse colonization by Legionella spp, although the degree of contamination reached the threshold level (>104 cfu/L) only in a small percentage of samples, showing a substantial effectiveness of the control measures applied.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
D'Alessandro,D., Fabiani,M., Cerquetani,F., Orsi,G.B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Decompression sickness in breath-hold diving, and its probable connection to the growth and dissolution of small arterial gas emboli | 2015 | Department of Chemistry, the Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry and the Guelph-Waterloo Physics Institute University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada. Electronic address: sgoldman@uoguelph.ca.; Department of Chemistry, the Gue | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Mathematical biosciences
Periodical, Abbrev.
Math.Biosci.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
262
Issue
Start Page
1
Other Pages
9
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 0103146; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/10/28 [received]; 2015/01/05 [accepted]; 2015/01/15 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1879-3134; 0025-5564
Accession Number
PMID: 25598211
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.mbs.2015.01.001 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25598211
Abstract
We solved the Laplace equation for the radius of an arterial gas embolism (AGE), during and after breath-hold diving. We used a simple three-region diffusion model for the AGE, and applied our results to two types of breath-hold dives: single, very deep competitive-level dives and repetitive shallower breath-hold dives similar to those carried out by indigenous commercial pearl divers in the South Pacific. Because of the effect of surface tension, AGEs tend to dissolve in arterial blood when arteries remote from supersaturated tissue. However if, before fully dissolving, they reach the capillary beds that perfuse the brain and the inner ear, they may become inflated with inert gas that is transferred into them from these contiguous temporarily supersaturated tissues. By using simple kinetic models of cerebral and inner ear tissue, the nitrogen tissue partial pressures during and after the dive(s) were determined. These were used to theoretically calculate AGE growth and dissolution curves for AGEs lodged in capillaries of the brain and inner ear. From these curves it was found that both cerebral and inner ear decompression sickness are expected to occur occasionally in single competitive-level dives. It was also determined from these curves that for the commercial repetitive dives considered, the duration of the surface interval (the time interval separating individual repetitive dives from one another) was a key determinant, as to whether inner ear and/or cerebral decompression sickness arose. Our predictions both for single competitive-level and repetitive commercial breath-hold diving were consistent with what is known about the incidence of cerebral and inner ear decompression sickness in these forms of diving.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Goldman,S., Solano-Altamirano,J.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150115
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Electronic cigarette: use and perceptions among French military nurses in 2013 | 2015 | Ecole du personnel paramedical des armees, Toulon, France.; Centre d'epidemiologie et de sante publique des armees, Marseille, France.; Centre d'epidemiologie et de sante publique des armees, Marseille, France, and UMR 912: INSERM-IRD-Universite Aix-Marse | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Swiss medical weekly
Periodical, Abbrev.
Swiss Med.Wkly.
Pub Date Free Form
22-Jun
Volume
145
Issue
Start Page
w14137
Other Pages
Notes
JID: 100970884; 2015/06/22 [epublish]; 2015 [ecollection]; epublish
Place of Publication
Switzerland
ISSN/ISBN
1424-3997; 0036-7672
Accession Number
PMID: 26098765
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.4414/smw.2015.14137 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26098765
Abstract
AIMS: Paramedical personnel are exposed to tobacco smoking. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) may be considered as a lower-risk substitute for cigarettes. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of e-cigarette use, the motives for use and the perceptions among French military nurses. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey, using self-administered questionnaires, was conducted in 2013 among 300 students and instructors of the French school of military paramedical personnel. Prevalences of e-cigarette use among smokers and nonsmokers were compared using logistic regressions adjusted on age and gender. RESULTS: The prevalence of smoking was 40% among the 200 responders. E-cigarette current use prevalence was 25% (6% daily users), without significant difference according to gender and age. Tobacco smokers reported significantly more e-cigarette current use (51% vs7%). Motives for e-cigarette use reported by smokers were curiosity (48%), intention to reduce tobacco consumption (43%) or to quit smoking (8%). Among users of both tobacco and e-cigarettes, 48% reported a significant decrease in tobacco consumption following e-cigarette initiation (average decrease of 5-10 cigarettes smoked per day; p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Guillet,S., Sicard,S., Meynard,J.B., Mayet,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150622
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Characterizing Concurrent Tobacco Product Use Among Homeless Cigarette Smokers | 2015 | Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX;; Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX; lrreitzel@uh.edu.; University of Texas School of Public Health | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
17
Issue
9
Start Page
1156
Other Pages
1160
Notes
CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 9815751; 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); 2014/06/05 [received]; 2014/10/20 [accepted]; 2014/10/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-994X; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 25358660
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1093/ntr/ntu230 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25358660
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Cigarette smoking prevalence rates are high among homeless adults (>70%); however, little is known about concurrent tobacco or other nicotine product use (i.e., concurrent use [CU]) in this population. CU may impact smoking quit rates and confer greater risk of health problems within this vulnerable population. This study characterized CU in a sample of homeless smokers and compared cigarette-only smokers (C-OS) to concurrent users (CUs) on participant characteristics and factors known to be associated with smoking cessation. METHODS: Participants were 178 adult conventional cigarette smokers from a homeless shelter in Dallas, TX. Sociodemographic characteristics, number of homelessness episodes, tobacco dependence, and items characterizing use of several tobacco/nicotine products over the last 30 days including use frequency, reasons for use, and perceived health risks were described. Sociodemographic characteristics, number of homelessness episodes, tobacco dependence, stress, readiness to quit (RTQ) smoking, and number of smoking quit attempts in the last year were compared between the C-OS and CUs groups using t tests and chi-square tests. RESULTS: CU was prevalent (n = 91; 51.1%), and 49.5% of CUs reported the use of >/=2 products in addition to conventional cigarettes. Compared with C-OS, CUs were younger and had more homelessness episodes, higher expired breath carbon monoxide levels, and higher stress (ps
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Data Source
Authors
Kish,D.H., Reitzel,L.R., Kendzor,D.E., Okamoto,H., Businelle,M.S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141030
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Adolescents' response to pictorial warnings on the reverse panel of cigarette packs: a repeat cross-sectional study | 2015 | Centre for Tobacco Control Research, Institute for Social Marketing, University of Stirling, Stirling, Stirlingshire, UK.; Centre for Tobacco Control Research, Institute for Social Marketing, University of Stirling, Stirling, Stirlingshire, UK.; Centre fo | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
24
Issue
e1
Start Page
e93
Other Pages
7
Notes
CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; GR: C312/A8721/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom; JID: 9209612; OTO
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 24005566
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-050999 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24005566
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The UK (UK) became the third country in the European Union to require pictorial warnings on the back of cigarette packs, in October 2008. METHODS: A repeat cross-sectional survey was conducted with 11-16-year-olds in the UK between August and September 2008 (N=1401) and August and September 2011 (N=1373). At both waves the same text warnings appeared on the front and back of packs, with the only difference being the inclusion of images on the back of packs to support the text warnings in 2011. Warning related measures assessed were salience (noticing, looking closely at warnings), depth of processing (thinking about warnings, discussing them with others), comprehension and credibility (warning comprehensibility, believability and truthfulness), unaided recall, persuasiveness (warnings as a deterrent to smoking), avoidance techniques (eg, hiding packs) and a behavioural indicator (forgoing cigarettes due to warnings). RESULTS: For never smokers, warning persuasiveness and thinking about what warnings are telling them when the pack is in sight significantly increased from 2008 to 2011, but warning comprehensibility significantly decreased. For experimental smokers, there was a significant increase from 2008 to 2011 for warning persuasiveness, believing warnings and considering them truthful. For regular smokers, there were no significant changes from 2008 to 2011, except for an increase in hiding packs to avoid warnings and a decrease in warning salience. CONCLUSIONS: Including pictorial images on the back of cigarette packaging improved warning persuasiveness for never and experimental smokers, but had a negligible impact on regular smokers. The findings have implications for warning design.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Moodie,C., Mackintosh,A.M., Hastings,G.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130904
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Social Listening: A Content Analysis of E-Cigarette Discussions on Twitter | 2015 | ICF International, Rockville, MD, United States. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of medical Internet research
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Med.Internet Res.
Pub Date Free Form
27-Oct
Volume
17
Issue
10
Start Page
e243
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20160113; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC4642379; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/07/24 [received]; 2015/09/23 [accepted]; 2015/09/22 [revised]; epublish
Place of Publication
Canada
ISSN/ISBN
1438-8871; 1438-8871
Accession Number
PMID: 26508089
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.2196/jmir.4969 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26508089
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has increased in the United States, leading to active debate in the public health sphere regarding e-cigarette use and regulation. To better understand trends in e-cigarette attitudes and behaviors, public health and communication professionals can turn to the dialogue taking place on popular social media platforms such as Twitter. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to conduct a content analysis to identify key conversation trends and patterns over time using historical Twitter data. METHODS: A 5-category content analysis was conducted on a random sample of tweets chosen from all publicly available tweets sent between May 1, 2013, and April 30, 2014, that matched strategic keywords related to e-cigarettes. Relevant tweets were isolated from the random sample of approximately 10,000 tweets and classified according to sentiment, user description, genre, and theme. Descriptive analyses including univariate and bivariate associations, as well as correlation analyses were performed on all categories in order to identify patterns and trends. RESULTS: The analysis revealed an increase in e-cigarette-related tweets from May 2013 through April 2014, with tweets generally being positive; 71% of the sample tweets were classified as having a positive sentiment. The top two user categories were everyday people (65%) and individuals who are part of the e-cigarette community movement (16%). These two user groups were responsible for a majority of informational (79%) and news tweets (75%), compared to reputable news sources and foundations or organizations, which combined provided 5% of informational tweets and 12% of news tweets. Personal opinion (28%), marketing (21%), and first person e-cigarette use or intent (20%) were the three most common genres of tweets, which tended to have a positive sentiment. Marketing was the most common theme (26%), and policy and government was the second most common theme (20%), with 86% of these tweets coming from everyday people and the e-cigarette community movement combined, compared to 5% of policy and government tweets coming from government, reputable news sources, and foundations or organizations combined. CONCLUSIONS: Everyday people and the e-cigarette community are dominant forces across several genres and themes, warranting continued monitoring to understand trends and their implications regarding public opinion, e-cigarette use, and smoking cessation. Analyzing social media trends is a meaningful way to inform public health practitioners of current sentiments regarding e-cigarettes, and this study contributes a replicable methodology.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cole-Lewis,H., Pugatch,J., Sanders,A., Varghese,A., Posada,S., Yun,C., Schwarz,M., Augustson,E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20151027
PMCID
PMC4642379
Editors
|
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| Initiation of a ring approach to infection prevention and control at non-Ebola health care facilities - Liberia, January-February 2015 | 2015 | Read more... | |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
15-May
Volume
64
Issue
18
Start Page
505
Other Pages
508
Notes
JID: 7802429; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 25974636
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
mm6418a6 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25974636
Abstract
From mid-January to mid-February 2015, all confirmed Ebola virus disease (Ebola) cases that occurred in Liberia were epidemiologically linked to a single index patient from the St. Paul Bridge area of Montserrado County. Of the 22 confirmed patients in this cluster, eight (36%) sought and received care from at least one of 10 non-Ebola health care facilities (HCFs), including clinics and hospitals in Montserrado and Margibi counties, before admission to an Ebola treatment unit. After recognition that three patients in this emerging cluster had received care from a non-Ebola treatment unit, and in response to the risk for Ebola transmission in non-Ebola treatment unit health care settings, a focused infection prevention and control (IPC) rapid response effort for the immediate area was developed to target facilities at increased risk for exposure to a person with Ebola (Ring IPC). The Ring IPC approach, which provided rapid, intensive, and short-term IPC support to HCFs in areas of active Ebola transmission, was an addition to Liberia's proposed longer term national IPC strategy, which focused on providing a comprehensive package of IPC training and support to all HCFs in the country. This report describes possible health care worker exposures to the cluster's eight patients who sought care from an HCF and implementation of the Ring IPC approach. On May 9, 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the end of the Ebola outbreak in Liberia.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Nyenswah,T., Massaquoi,M., Gbanya,M.Z., Fallah,M., Amegashie,F., Kenta,A., Johnson,K.L., Yahya,D., Badini,M., Soro,L., Pessoa-Silva,C.L., Roger,I., Selvey,L., VanderEnde,K., Murphy,M., Cooley,L.A., Olsen,S.J., Christie,A., Vertefeuille,J., Navin,T., McElroy,P., Park,B.J., Esswein,E., Fagan,R., Mahoney,F., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Ebola Virus Disease--Sierra Leone and Guinea, August 2015 | 2015 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
11-Sep
Volume
64
Issue
35
Start Page
981
Other Pages
984
Notes
JID: 7802429; epublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 26355422
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.15585/mmwr.mm6435a6 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26355422
Abstract
The Ebola virus disease (Ebola) outbreak in West Africa began in late 2013 in Guinea (1) and spread unchecked during early 2014. By mid-2014, it had become the first Ebola epidemic ever documented. Transmission was occurring in multiple districts of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, and for the first time, in capital cities (2). On August 8, 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (3). Ministries of Health, with assistance from multinational collaborators, have reduced Ebola transmission, and the number of cases is now declining. While Liberia has not reported a case since July 12, 2015, transmission has continued in Guinea and Sierra Leone, although the numbers of cases reported are at the lowest point in a year. In August 2015, Guinea and Sierra Leone reported 10 and four confirmed cases, respectively, compared with a peak of 526 (Guinea) and 1,997 (Sierra Leone) in November 2014. This report details the current situation in Guinea and Sierra Leone, outlines strategies to interrupt transmission, and highlights the need to maintain public health response capacity and vigilance for new cases at this critical time to end the outbreak.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Hersey,S., Martel,L.D., Jambai,A., Keita,S., Yoti,Z., Meyer,E., Seeman,S., Bennett,S., Ratto,J., Morgan,O., Akyeampong,M.A., Sainvil,S., Worrell,M.C., Fitter,D., Arnold,K.E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150911
PMCID
Editors
|
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