WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Reactions to FDA-Proposed Graphic Warning Labels Affixed to U.S. Smokers' Cigarette Packs	2015	Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; amcqueen@dom.wustl.edu.; Health Communication Research Laboratory, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO;; Health Communication Research Laboratory, W	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 17 Issue 7 Start Page 784 Other Pages 795 Notes LR: 20160701; CI: (c) The Author 2015; GR: P50CA95815-09S1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; OID: NLM: PMC4542680; 2014/01/31 [received]; 2014/12/15 [accepted]; 2015/01/14 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25589676 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu339 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25589676 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Graphic warning labels have been shown to be more effective than text-only labels in increasing attention and perceived health risks, but most U.S. studies have involved single exposures in laboratory or Internet settings. METHODS: We recruited a convenience sample (N = 202) of U.S. adult smokers from population subgroups with higher rates of smoking and smoking-related deaths who had participated in a larger survey about graphic warning labels. Participants were randomized to get 1 of 9 graphic + text labels or a text-only label. Research staff affixed a warning label sticker to participants' cigarette pack(s) at enrollment. Color graphic labels covered slightly more than the lower half of packs. Black and white labels of current U.S. text-only warnings covered the existing side warning to prompt attention to the label (i.e., attention control). Participants received extra stickers of the same label for subsequent packs, and completed 3 telephone interviews in 1 week. RESULTS: Participants reported low avoidance ( Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors McQueen,A., Kreuter,M.W., Boyum,S., Thompson,V.S., Caburnay,C.A., Waters,E.A., Kaphingst,K.A., Rath,S., Fu,Q. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150114 PMCID PMC4542680 Editors
Effectiveness of text versus pictorial health warning labels and predictors of support for plain packaging of tobacco products within the European Union	2015	Center for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass., USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full European addiction research Periodical, Abbrev. Eur.Addict.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 21 Issue 1 Start Page 47 Other Pages 52 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9502920; 2014/04/07 [received]; 2014/07/17 [accepted]; 2014/11/11 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1421-9891; 1022-6877 Accession Number PMID: 25402440 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1159/000366019 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25402440 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco product warning labels are a key health communication medium with plain packaging noted as the next step in the evolution of tobacco packaging. We assessed the self-reported impact of text versus pictorial health warnings and the determinants of support for plain packaging of tobacco products in the European Union (EU). METHODS: The Special Eurobarometer 385 survey was analyzed for 26,566 adults from 27 EU countries in 2012. The self-reported impact of warning labels (text or pictorial) and determinants of EU-wide support for plain packaging were assessed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Current smokers in countries where cigarette pictorial warnings were implemented had higher odds of reporting that health warning labels had any effect on their smoking behavior (making a quit attempt or reducing number of cigarettes smoked per day) compared to respondents in countries with text-only warning labels (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 1.10-1.56). Population support for plain packaging of tobacco packs was higher in countries where cigarette pictorial warnings already existed (aOR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07-1.28). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the implementation of pictorial warnings at an EU level may have a positive behavioral impact among smokers and pave the way for population support for plain packaging in the EU. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Agaku,I.T., Filippidis,F.T., Vardavas,C.I. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141111 PMCID Editors
Deficiencies in public understanding about tobacco harm reduction: results from a United States national survey	2015	Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, School of Public Health and Health Professions, 3425 Main Street, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA. mtk8@buffalo.edu.; Department of Community Health and Healt	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Harm reduction journal Periodical, Abbrev. Harm Reduct J. Pub Date Free Form 2-Jul Volume 12 Issue Start Page 21 Other Pages 015-0055-0 Notes LR: 20150707; JID: 101153624; OID: NLM: PMC4487951; 2015/03/13 [received]; 2015/06/25 [accepted]; 2015/07/02 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1477-7517; 1477-7517 Accession Number PMID: 26135116 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1186/s12954-015-0055-0 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26135116 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco products differ in their relative health harms. The need for educating consumers about such harms is growing as different tobacco products enter the marketplace and as the FDA moves to regulate and educate the public about different products. However, little is known about the patterns of the public's knowledge of relative harms. METHODS: Data were analyzed from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 4 Cycle 2, a population-representative survey of US adults conducted between October 2012 and January 2013 (N = 3630). Participants reported their perceptions of the relative risks of e-cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and different types of cigarettes compared to "traditional" cigarettes. Relative risk perceptions for each product type, as well as the consistency and accuracy of harm reduction beliefs, were analyzed. RESULTS: About 65% of the respondents accurately reported that no cigarettes were less harmful than any others. Slightly more than half of U.S. adults perceived e-cigarettes to be safer than regular cigarettes, a belief in line with current scientific evidence. By contrast, only 9% of respondents perceived some smokeless tobacco products to be safer, a belief strongly supported by the evidence. Only 3.5% of respondents had patterns of relative risk perceptions in line with current scientific evidence for all three modalities. CONCLUSIONS: The discrepancy between current evidence and public perceptions of relative risk of various tobacco/nicotine products was marked; for most tobacco types, a large proportion of the population held inaccurate harm reduction beliefs. Although there was substantial awareness that no cigarettes were safer than any other cigarettes, there could be benefits from increasing the percentage of the public that appreciates this fact, especially among current smokers. Given the potential benefits of tobacco risk reduction strategies, public health education efforts to increase understanding of basic harm reduction principles are needed to address these misperceptions. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kiviniemi,M.T., Kozlowski,L.T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150702 PMCID PMC4487951 Editors
Determinants and prevalence of e-cigarette use throughout the European Union: a secondary analysis of 26 566 youth and adults from 27 Countries	2015	Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Global Tobacco Control, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; Department of S	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 24 Issue 5 Start Page 442 Other Pages 448 Notes CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; JID: 9209612; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/10/16 [received]; 2014/04/02 [accep Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 24935441 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051394 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24935441 Abstract OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the prevalence and determinants of e-cigarette use among persons aged >/=15 years in 27 European Union (EU) member countries during 2012. METHODS: The 2012 Eurobarometer 385 (77.1) survey was analysed for n=26 566 respondents. Knowledge, perception of harm, and determinants of e-cigarettes use were assessed, while separate regression analyses among current (n=7352) and former cigarette smokers (n=5782) were performed. National estimates of the number of e-cigarette users were also extrapolated. RESULTS: 20.3% of current smokers, 4.7% of ex-smokers, and 1.2% of never cigarette smokers in the EU reported having ever used an e-cigarette (overall approximately 29.3 million adults). Among smokers, ever e-cigarette use was more likely among 15-24-year-olds (aOR 3.13, 95% CI 2.22 to 4.54) and 25-39-year-olds (aOR 2.00, 95% CI 1.47 to 2.78) in comparison to older smokers, and among those who smoked 6-10 cigarettes/day (aOR 1.53, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.13) or 11-20 cigarettes/day (aOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.52 to 2.81) in comparison to very light smokers (=5 cigarettes/day). Moreover, e-cigarette use was more likely among smokers who had made a past year quit attempt (aOR 2.08, 95% CI 1.67 to 2.58). E-cigarette use among ex-smokers was associated only with the respondents' age, with younger ex-smokers being more likely to have ever used an e-cigarette. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial number of EU adults have ever used e-cigarettes. Ever users were more likely to be younger, current smokers, or past-year quit attempters. These findings underscore the need to evaluate the potential long term impact of e-cigarette use on consumer health, cessation and nicotine addiction and formulate a European framework for e-cigarette regulation within the revised EU Tobacco Product Directive. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Vardavas,C.I., Filippidis,F.T., Agaku,I.T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140616 PMCID Editors
E-cigarette Use Among High School and Middle School Adolescents in Connecticut	2015	Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Suchitra.krishnan-sarin@yale.edu.; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT;; Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.; Department of Psychi	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 17 Issue 7 Start Page 810 Other Pages 818 Notes LR: 20160701; CI: (c) The Author 2014; GR: P50DA009241/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 0 (Flavoring Agents); OID: NLM: PMC4674435; 2014/07/08 [received]; 2014/11/03 [accepted]; 2014/11/09 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25385873 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu243 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25385873 Abstract INTRODUCTION: There is limited evidence on electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among U.S. adolescents. METHODS: Cross-sectional, anonymous surveys conducted in 4 high schools (HS; n = 3,614) and 2 middle schools (MS; n = 1,166) in Connecticut in November 2013 examined e-cigarette awareness, use patterns, susceptibility to future use, preferences, product components used (battery type, nicotine content, flavors), and sources of marketing and access. RESULTS: High rates of awareness (MS: 84.3%; HS: 92.0%) and of lifetime (3.5% MS, 25.2 % HS) and current (1.5% MS, 12% HS) use of e-cigarettes was observed. Among those who had not tried e-cigarettes, 26.4% of MS and 31.7% of HS students reported being susceptible to future use. Males (OR = 1.70, p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Krishnan-Sarin,S., Morean,M.E., Camenga,D.R., Cavallo,D.A., Kong,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141109 PMCID PMC4674435 Editors
Prevalence and reasons for use of electronic cigarettes among smokers: Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Netherlands Survey	2015	Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University (CAPHRI), P. Debyeplein 1, 6229 HA Maastricht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Karin.Hummel@maastrichtuniversity.nl.; Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University (CAPHRI), P. Debyeplein	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The International journal on drug policy Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Drug Policy Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 26 Issue 6 Start Page 601 Other Pages 608 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 9014759; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/08/04 [received]; 2014/11/28 [revised]; 2014/12/09 [accepted]; 2014/12/17 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-4758; 0955-3959 Accession Number PMID: 25582280 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.12.009 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25582280 Abstract BACKGROUND: Not much is known about how people in the Netherlands respond to electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes); how many know about them, which people try them, keep using them and why, and what are changes over time regarding awareness and use? METHODS: We used samples of smokers aged 15 years and older from 2008 (n=1820), 2010 (n=1702), 2013 (n=1530), and 2014 (n=1550) as part of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Netherlands Survey. Reasons for use and characteristics of smokers were examined using the sample from 2014. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations between smoking-related variables with ever trying e-cigarettes and current e-cigarette use. RESULTS: In 2014, 91.4% of Dutch smokers reported being aware of e-cigarettes (97.1% in 2008, 89.2% in 2010, and 85.5% in 2013), 40.0% reported having ever tried them (13.4% in 2008, 14.5% in 2010, and 19.6% in 2013), and 15.9% were currently using them (4.0% in 2008, 1% in 2010, and 3.9% in 2013). The main reason given for using e-cigarettes was to reduce the number of regular cigarettes smoked per day (79%). Ever trying e-cigarettes among those aware of e-cigarettes was associated with being young, smoking more regular cigarettes per day, having made a quit attempt in the last year, having used smoking cessation pharmacotherapy in the last year, and reporting high awareness of the price of regular cigarettes. Smokers who kept using e-cigarettes had a higher educational background, had higher harm awareness for the health of others, and were less likely to have a total smoking ban at home. CONCLUSION: E-cigarettes are increasingly used by Dutch smokers. Commonly endorsed motivations for current e-cigarette use were to reduce tobacco smoking and because e-cigarettes are considered to be less harmful than tobacco cigarettes. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Hummel,K., Hoving,C., Nagelhout,G.E., de Vries,H., van den Putte,B., Candel,M.J., Borland,R., Willemsen,M.C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141217 PMCID Editors
Adolescents' and Young Adults' Perceptions of Electronic Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation: A Focus Group Study	2015	Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT;; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT;; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT;; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 17 Issue 10 Start Page 1235 Other Pages 1241 Notes LR: 20160205; CI: (c) The Author 2015; GR: 1K12DA033012-01A1/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50DA009241/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32 DA019426/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32DA019426/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 6M3C89Z Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25646346 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntv020 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25646346 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Research has shown that adults perceive that electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are effective for smoking cessation, yet little is known about adolescents and young adults' perceptions of e-cigarettes for quitting cigarette smoking. This study describes middle, high school, and college students' beliefs about, and experiences with, e-cigarettes for cigarette smoking cessation. METHODS: We conducted 18 focus groups (n = 127) with male and female cigarette smokers and nonsmokers in 2 public colleges, 2 high schools, and 1 middle school in Connecticut between November 2012 and April 2013. Participants discussed cigarette smoking cessation in relation to e-cigarettes. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: All participants, regardless of age and smoking status, were aware that e-cigarettes could be used for smoking cessation. College and high school participants described different methods of how e-cigarettes could be used for smoking cessation: (a) nicotine reduction followed by cessation; (b) cigarette reduction/dual use; and (c) long-term exclusive e-cigarette use. However, overall, participants did not perceive that e-cigarette use led to successful quitting experiences. Participants described positive attributes (maintenance of smoking actions, "healthier" alternative to cigarettes, and parental approval) and negative attributes (persistence of craving, maintenance of addiction) of e-cigarettes for cessation. Some college students expressed distrust of marketing of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent and young adult smokers and nonsmokers perceive that there are several methods of using e-cigarettes for quitting and are aware of both positive and negative aspects of the product. Future research is needed to determine the role of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation in this population. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Camenga,D.R., Cavallo,D.A., Kong,G., Morean,M.E., Connell,C.M., Simon,P., Bulmer,S.M., Krishnan-Sarin,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150202 PMCID PMC4607731 Editors
Biodiversity and gamma-aminobutyric acid production by lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional alpine raw cow's milk cheeses	2015	Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.; Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach (F	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BioMed research international Periodical, Abbrev. Biomed.Res.Int. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2015 Issue Start Page 625740 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150327; JID: 101600173; 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid); 56-12-2 (gamma-Aminobutyric Acid); OID: NLM: PMC4352725; 2014/06/17 [received]; 2014/09/04 [revised]; 2014/10/02 [accepted]; 2015/02/23 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2314-6141 Accession Number PMID: 25802859 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1155/2015/625740 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25802859 Abstract "Nostrano-cheeses" are traditional alpine cheeses made from raw cow's milk in Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy. This study identified lactic acid bacteria (LAB) developing during maturation of "Nostrano-cheeses" and evaluated their potential to produce gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an immunologically active compound and neurotransmitter. Cheese samples were collected on six cheese-making days, in three dairy factories located in different areas of Trentino and at different stages of cheese ripening (24 h, 15 days, and 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8 months). A total of 1,059 LAB isolates were screened using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD-PCR) and differentiated into 583 clusters. LAB strains from dominant clusters (n = 97) were genetically identified to species level by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. LAB species most frequently isolated were Lactobacillus paracasei, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. The 97 dominant clusters were also characterized for their ability in producing GABA by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). About 71% of the dominant bacteria clusters evolving during cheeses ripening were able to produce GABA. Most GABA producers were Lactobacillus paracasei but other GABA producing species included Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Streptococcus thermophilus. No Enterococcus faecalis or Sc. macedonicus isolates produced GABA. The isolate producing the highest amount of GABA (80.0+/-2.7 mg/kg) was a Sc. thermophilus. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Franciosi,E., Carafa,I., Nardin,T., Schiavon,S., Poznanski,E., Cavazza,A., Larcher,R., Tuohy,K.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150223 PMCID PMC4352725 Editors
Epidemiology of Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma	2015	Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Center for Esophageal Diseases and Swallowing, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#7080, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7080, USA.; Division of Digestive and	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Gastroenterology clinics of North America Periodical, Abbrev. Gastroenterol.Clin.North Am. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 44 Issue 2 Start Page 203 Other Pages 231 Notes LR: 20160601; CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: K24 DK100548/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: K24DK100548/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32 DK007634/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32 DK07634/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8706257; 0 (Biomar Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1558-1942; 0889-8553 Accession Number PMID: 26021191 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review; IM DOI 10.1016/j.gtc.2015.02.001 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26021191 Abstract Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), a disease with increasing burden in the Western world, especially in white men. Risk factors for BE include obesity, tobacco smoking, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). EAC is the most common form of esophageal cancer in the United States. Risk factors include GERD, tobacco smoking, and obesity, whereas nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and statins may be protective. Factors predicting progression from nondysplastic BE to EAC include dysplastic changes on esophageal histology and length of the involved BE segment. Biomarkers have shown promise, but none are approved for clinical use. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Runge,T.M., Abrams,J.A., Shaheen,N.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150409 PMCID PMC4449458 Editors
Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biochar-based fertilizer by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry	2015	Department of Environment and Resource, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry Periodical, Abbrev. Anal.Bioanal Chem. Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 407 Issue 20 Start Page 6149 Other Pages 6157 Notes LR: 20160512; JID: 101134327; 0 (Fertilizers); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Solvents); 0 (biochar); 16291-96-6 (Charcoal); 2015/02/06 [received]; 2015/05/19 [accepted]; 2015/04/11 [revised]; 2015/06/06 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 1618-2650; 1618-2642 Accession Number PMID: 26048058 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Validation Studies; IM DOI 10.1007/s00216-015-8790-3 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26048058 Abstract Application of biochar-based fertilizers is increasingly being considered for its potential agronomic and environmental benefits. However, biochar may contain residues of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a result of its production by pyrolysis. The strong adsorption of PAHs to biochar makes extraction and analysis of biochar-based fertilizers difficult. This study optimizes the extraction of PAHs in biochar-based fertilizer samples by using an ultrasonic bath for quantification by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Among 12 solvents, acetone-cyclohexane (1:1) mixture was selected as the optimum solvent for extraction. Three variables affecting the extraction were studied by Box-Behnken design. The optimum conditions were 57 degrees C extraction temperature, 81 min extraction time, and two extraction cycles, which were validated by assessing the linearity of analysis, LOD, LOQ, recovery, and levels of PAHs in real biochar-based fertilizer samples. Results revealed that the 16 U.S. EPA PAHs had good linearity, with squared correlation coefficients greater than 0.99. LODs were low, ranging from 2.2 ng g(-1) (acenaphthene) to 23.55 ng g(-1) (indeno[1,2,3-cd]perylene), and LOQs varied from 7.51 ng g(-1) to 78.49 ng g(-1). The recoveries of 16 individual PAHs from the three biochar-based fertilizer samples were 81.8-109.4 %. Graphical Abstract Use of RSM to optimize UAE for extraction of the PAHs in biochar-based fertilizer. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Chen,P., Sun,M., Zhu,Z., Zhang,J., Shen,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150606 PMCID Editors

E-mail