Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year Sort ascending | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans biofilms to antifungal agents in vitro | 2006 | Department of Medicine and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York 10461, USA. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Periodical, Abbrev.
Antimicrob.Agents Chemother.
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
50
Issue
3
Start Page
1021
Other Pages
1033
Notes
LR: 20141120; GR: AI033142-11/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States; GR: AI033774-11/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States; GR: HL059842-08/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 0315061; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Formazans); 0 (Melanins); 0 (Peptides,
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
0066-4804; 0066-4804
Accession Number
PMID: 16495265
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
50/3/1021 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
16495265
Abstract
Microbial biofilms contribute to virulence and resistance to antibiotics by shielding microbial cells from host defenses and antimicrobial drugs, respectively. Cryptococcus neoformans was demonstrated to form biofilms in polystyrene microtiter plates. The numbers of CFU of disaggregated biofilms, 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide reduction, and light and confocal microscopy were used to measure the fungal mass, the metabolic activity, and the appearance of C. neoformans biofilms, respectively. Biofilm development by C. neoformans followed a standard sequence of events: fungal surface attachment, microcolony formation, and matrix production. The susceptibilities of C. neoformans cells of the biofilm and planktonic phenotypes to four antifungal agents were examined. The exposure of C. neoformans cells or preformed cryptococcal biofilms to fluconazole or voriconazole did not result in yeast growth inhibition and did not affect the metabolic activities of the biofilms, respectively. In contrast, both C. neoformans cells and preformed biofilms were susceptible to amphotericin B and caspofungin. However, C. neoformans biofilms were significantly more resistant to amphotericin B and caspofungin than planktonic cells, and their susceptibilities to these drugs were further reduced if cryptococcal cells contained melanin. A spot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and light and confocal microscopy were used to investigate how antifungal drugs affected C. neoformans biofilm formation. The mechanism by which amphotericin B and caspofungin interfered with C. neoformans biofilm formation involved capsular polysaccharide release and adherence. Our results suggest that biofilm formation may diminish the efficacies of some antifungal drugs during cryptococcal infection.
Descriptors
Amphotericin B/metabolism/pharmacology, Antifungal Agents/metabolism/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Biomass, Cryptococcus neoformans/cytology/drug effects/metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Echinocandins, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Fluconazole/metabolism/pharmacology, Formazans/analysis, Melanins/metabolism, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microscopy, Confocal, Peptides, Cyclic/metabolism/pharmacology, Plankton/cytology/drug effects/metabolism, Pyrimidines/metabolism/pharmacology, Triazoles/metabolism/pharmacology, Voriconazole
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Martinez,L. R., Casadevall,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC1426450
Editors
|
|||
| Changes in cerebral glucose metabolism after an expedition to high altitudes | 2006 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
High Alt Med Biol
Periodical, Abbrev.
High Alt.Med.Biol.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
7
Issue
1
Start Page
28
Other Pages
38
Notes
ID: 16544964
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
The possibility of persistent cerebral impairment due to exposure to extreme altitude and resulting hypoxic conditions is of great concern to both high altitude mountaineers and researchers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of prolonged exposure to hypoxia on cerebral glucose metabolism, which probably precedes structural and functional impairment. Positron emission tomography (PET) employing 18F]-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) was performed, and the normobaric hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) was assessed in 11 mountaineers before (pre) and after (post) climbing Mount Shisha Pangma (8048 m). During the climb, acute mountain sickness (AMS) symptoms were recorded and heart rate and oxygen saturation (SaO2) were measured daily. Neuropsychological evaluations were conducted at different heights. The difference FDGpost- FDGpre was analyzed voxel by voxel using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) and volumes of interest (VOI). SPM revealed two areas of increased cerebral FDG uptake after the expedition, one localized in the left cerebellum (+9.4%) and one in the white matter lateral of the left thalamus (+8.3%). The VOI analysis revealed increased postexpeditional metabolism in an area of the right cerebellum (+11%) and of the thalamus bilaterally (+3.7% on the left, +4.6% on the right). FDG-PET alterations did not correlate with changes in SaO2, HVR, or AMS scores. All neuropsychological test results during the climb were unremarkable. We conclude that a prolonged stay at an extreme altitude leads to regional specific changes in the cerebral glucose metabolism without any signs of neuropsychological impairment during the climb.
Descriptors
Altitude Sickness/metabolism, Brain/metabolism, Glucose/metabolism, Mountaineering/physiology, Acute Disease, Adult, Cerebellum/metabolism, Expeditions, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Humans, Male, Positron-Emission Tomography, Statistics, Nonparametric, Temporal Lobe/metabolism
Links
http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-16544964
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Merz,Tobias M., Treyer,Valerie, Hefti,Urs, Spengler,Christina M., Schwarz,Urs, Buck,Alfred, Maggiorini,Marco
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| First description of CTX-M beta-lactamase-producing clinical Escherichia coli isolates from Egypt | 2006 | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of antimicrobial agents
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Antimicrob.Agents
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
27
Issue
6
Start Page
545
Other Pages
548
Notes
JID: 9111860; 0 (Escherichia coli Proteins); EC 3.5.2.- (CTX-M-27, E coli); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase CTX-M-14); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase CTX-M-15); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2005/11/02 [received]; 2006/01/08 [accepted]; 2006/05/18 [aheadofprint];
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
0924-8579; 0924-8579
Accession Number
PMID: 16713187
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
S0924-8579(06)00092-6 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
16713187
Abstract
We studied the presence of beta-lactamases with an extended spectrum of activity in clinical Escherichia coli isolates from Cairo, Egypt. Forty-six E. coli isolates were collected from patients with urinary tract infections at a university hospital in 2001. Phenotypic characterisation identified a very high extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) rate of 60.9%. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and plasmid profiles revealed eight different clonal groups. All ESBL producers were polymerase chain reaction-positive for blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes. Within the CTX-M family, three different enzymes, CTX-M-14, CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-27, were found. The ESBL producers carried multiple plasmids and further plasmid-encoded resistances. In several strains, genes for up to six aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes were detected. A linkage to fluoroquinolone resistance was not observed. This study confirms the high rate of ESBLs in Egypt and further demonstrates the worldwide spread of genes coding for CTX-M enzymes in clinical isolates.
Descriptors
Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Escherichia coli/drug effects/enzymology, Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics, Humans, Plasmids, Polymerase Chain Reaction, beta-Lactamases/genetics
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Mohamed Al-Agamy,M. H., El-Din Ashour,M. S., Wiegand,I.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20060518
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Sheesha Smoking among a sample of future teachers in Kuwait | 2006 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
KMJ - Kuwait Medical Journal
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
38
Issue
2
Start Page
107
Other Pages
113
Notes
ID: 88051
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
english
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
To assess the prevalence of sheesha smoking and the personal, social and environmental factors associated with it. Subjects and A convenience sample of 761 students 261 male, 500 female] in the teacher training program of the Public Authority for Applied Education and Training in Kuwait City answered a 70-question survey regarding sheesha use. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 10. 24.6% of males and 5.5% of the females smoked sheesha. 49.2% of the male sheesha smokers smoked at least one bowl a day, as did 26.9% of the female sheesha smokers. The majority of sheesha smokers first started smoking sheesha at age 18 or older. Almost half were encouraged to smoke sheesha the first time by their friends. The majority of sheesha non-smokers had sheesha non-smokers as friends. Among the sheesha smokers, 59.2% of females and 61.3% of males said all or most of their friends smoked sheesha. Sheesha smokers were more likely than sheesha non-smokers to live in a home where there are other sheesha smokers. Half of the males and one-third of the females who smoked sheesha wanted to quit. The majority of sheesha smokers also smoked cigarettes. Teachers, including female teachers, were frequently seen smoking in their schools. As expected, sheesha smokers had more positive attitudes towards sheesha smoking and were less likely to believe in its harmful effects. This is the first known study of sheesha use among college students in Kuwait. Results suggest efforts to reduce sheesha smoking in this young population should: 1] help young people address pressures from peers, 2] reduce sheesha smoking at home and school environment, 3] counteract personal beliefs and attitudes that contribute to sheesha smoking, and 4] reinforce beliefs about the health risks of sheesha smoking
Descriptors
Humans, Male, Female, 13 - 19 YEARS, ABO Blood-Group System - 45 YEARS, Smoking/epidemiology, Attitude, Prevalence, Behavior, Faculty, Students, Culture, Teaching
Links
http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-88051
Book Title
Database
GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Mohammed,Heyam R. A., Newman,Ian M., Tayeh,Raja
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Pilot study on the presence of Legionella spp in 6 Italian cities' dental units | 2006 | Dip. di Scienze Biomediche ed Oncologia Umana, Sezione di Igiene, Universita degli Studi di Bari. montagna@igiene.uniba.it | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Annali di Igiene : Medicina Preventiva e di Comunita
Periodical, Abbrev.
Ann.Ig.
Pub Date Free Form
Jul-Aug
Volume
18
Issue
4
Start Page
297
Other Pages
303
Notes
LR: 20061115; JID: 9002865; ppublish
Place of Publication
Italy
ISSN/ISBN
1120-9135; 1120-9135
Accession Number
PMID: 17063628
Language
ita
SubFile
Comparative Study; English Abstract; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
17063628
Abstract
Among the microorganism involved in environmental contamination, Legionella spp is actually considered an important infectious hazard. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of Legionella spp in water samples collected from 138 dental unit selected from public outpatient clinics of 6 Italian cities. The samples were taken from oral rinsing cup, air-water syringe, ultrasonic scaler and the turbine to investigate Legionella spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the total heterotrophic count at 36 degrees and 22 degrees. Legionella spp was present in 33,3% dental unit water; but a significant difference was shown among the enrolled cities. In 43,5% of water sample Legionella concentration was 1.000-10.000 CFU/L and in 30,4% was >10.000 CFU/L. L. pneumophila 1 was found in 23,9% of water samples. The results demonstrate that the concentration of Legionella spp in dental unit water lines could be high and this suggests that the exposure to these micoorganism during the dental practise could be a potential health risk both for dental personnel and for the patients too, especially when immunocompromised.
Descriptors
Colony Count, Microbial, Dental Clinics, Dental Equipment/microbiology, Environmental Pollution, Humans, Italy, Legionella/isolation & purification, Pilot Projects, Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification, Water Microbiology
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Montagna,M. T., Tato,D., Napoli,C., Castiglia,P., Guidetti,L., Liguori,G., Petti,S., Tanzi,M. L., Gruppo di Lavoro SItI L'Igiene in Odontoiatria
Original/Translated Title
Studio pilota sulla presenza di Legionella spp nei riuniti odontoiatrici di 6 citta italiane
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Distribution of ether in two postmortem cases | 2006 | Phipps, R.A.J., Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of analytical toxicology
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Anal.Toxicol.
Pub Date Free Form
2006/
Volume
30
Issue
8
Start Page
635
Other Pages
637
Notes
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
0146-4760; 0146-4760
Accession Number
Language
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Diethyl ether (ether) is a volatile liquid that was used in the 1800s as an anesthetic agent; however, it is no longer used for this purpose, partly because of its odor and flammability. Two postmortem cases in which ether was detected are presented. The first case was an 18-year-old male found hanging from a basement ceiling brace in a semi-sitting position with a gas mask covering his face. A container of PrestoneCurrency Sign starting fluid and a bong were found on the floor close to the body. The second case was a 20-year-old male found unresponsive in his dormitory room with two black plastic trash bags secured over his head. Two saturated rags and a resealable bag containing a clear liquid were contained within these trash bags. An almost empty can of TradcoCurrency Sign starting fluid was also found at the scene. Ether concentrations were determined by headspace gas chromatography - mass spectrometry in the selective ion monitoring mode. In case #1, the medical examiner ruled that the cause of death was asphyxia due to hanging; the manner of death was undetermined. In case #2, the medical examiner ruled that the cause of death was asphyxia and the manner of death was suicide.
Descriptors
ether, adult, article, asphyxia, autopsy, case report, cause of death, forensic medicine, gas chromatography, hanging, human, male, mass spectrometry, suicide
Links
Book Title
Database
Embase; MEDLINE
Publisher
Data Source
Embase
Authors
Cox,D., DeRienz,R., Phipps,R. A. J., Levine,B., Jacobs,A., Fowler,D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
http://docstore.ingenta.com/cgi-bin/ds_deliver/1/u/d/ISIS/32506016.1/pres/jat/2006/00000030/00000008/art00025/11D82806B958D6A41161142772AA1D167F500B0473.pdf?link=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/error/delivery&format=pdf
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Tobacco and its trendy alternatives: implications for pediatric nurses | 2006 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am
Periodical, Abbrev.
Crit.Care Nurs.Clin.North Am.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
18
Issue
1
Start Page
95
Other Pages
104, xiii
Notes
ID: 16546012
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Although acute and critical care pediatric nurses may not rank tobacco prevention and cessation among their top patient-care priorities, the importance of providing health education, especially during vulnerable moments, cannot be overlooked. This article provides an overview of trendy tobacco alternatives, such as bidis, clove cigarettes, hookah pipes, and smokeless tobacco, that entice youth. The significant health consequences of these tobacco products and the implications for pediatric acute and critical care nursing practice are also discussed.
Descriptors
Critical Care/methods, Pediatric Nursing/methods, Tobacco Use Cessation/methods, Tobacco Use Disorder/prevention & control, Acute Disease/nursing, Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior/psychology, Advertising as Topic, Attitude to Health, Child, Child Behavior/psychology, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Policy, Humans, Nurse&apos, s Role, Patient Education as Topic, Peer Group, Primary Prevention, Psychology, Adolescent, Psychology, Child, Eugenia, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Tobacco Use Disorder/psychology
Links
http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-16546012
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Deckers,Susan K., Farley,Jean, Heath,Janie
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Short segment Barrett's esophagus and distal gastric intestinal metaplasia | 2006 | Department of Endoscopy and Pathology, "Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceicao" and "Hospital de Clinicas", Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Arquivos de Gastroenterologia
Periodical, Abbrev.
Arq.Gastroenterol.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr-Jun
Volume
43
Issue
2
Start Page
117
Other Pages
120
Notes
JID: 15310600R; 2005/08/31 [received]; 2006/01/04 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Brazil
ISSN/ISBN
0004-2803; 0004-2803
Accession Number
PMID: 17119666
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
S0004-28032006000200011 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
17119666
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Short segment Barrett's esophagus is defined by the presence of <3 cm of columnar-appearing mucosa in the distal esophagus with intestinal metaplasia on histophatological examination. Barrett's esophagus is a risk factor to develop adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. While Barrett's esophagus develops as a result of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease, intestinal metaplasia in the gastric cardia is a consequence of chronic Helicobacter pylori infection and is associated with distal gastric intestinal metaplasia. It can be difficult to determine whether short-segment columnar epithelium with intestinal metaplasia are lining the esophagus (a condition called short segment Barrett's esophagus) or the proximal stomach (a condition called intestinal metaplasia of the gastric cardia). AIMS: To study the association of short segment Barrett's esophagus (length <3 cm) with gastric intestinal metaplasia (antrum or body) and infection by H. pylori. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eight-nine patients with short segment columnar-appearing mucosa in the esophagus, length <3 cm, were studied. Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease were recorded. Biopsies were obtained immediately below the squamous-columnar lining, from gastric antrum and gastric corpus for investigation of intestinal metaplasia and H. pylori. RESULTS: Forty-two from 89 (47.2%) patients were diagnosed with esophageal intestinal metaplasia by histopathology. The mean-age was significantly higher in the group with esophageal intestinal metaplasia. The two groups were similar in terms of gender (male: female), gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms and H. pylori infection. Gastric intestinal metaplasia (antrum or body) was diagnosed in 21 from 42 (50.0%) patients in the group with esophageal intestinal metaplasia and 7 from 47 (14.9%) patients in the group with esophageal columnar appearing mucosa but without intestinal metaplasia. CONCLUSION: Intestinal metaplasia is a frequent finding in patients with <3 cm of columnar-appearing mucosa in the distal esophagus. In the present study, short segment intestinal metaplasia in the esophagus is associated with distal gastric intestinal metaplasia. Gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms and H. pylori infection did not differ among the two groups studied.
Descriptors
Barrett Esophagus/complications/pathology, Biopsy, Cardia/pathology, Esophagoscopy, Female, Gastritis/microbiology/pathology, Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications/pathology, Helicobacter Infections/complications/pathology, Humans, Intestines/pathology, Male, Metaplasia/pathology, Middle Aged, Stomach/pathology
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Dietz,J., Chaves-E-Silva,S., Meurer,L., Sekine,S., de Souza,A. R., Meine,G. C.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Venous bubble count declines during strenuous exercise after an open sea dive to 30 m | 2006 | Department of Physiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Croatia. zdujic@bsb.mefst.hr | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Aviat.Space Environ.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
77
Issue
6
Start Page
592
Other Pages
596
Notes
LR: 20061115; JID: 7501714; 0 (Gases); ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
0095-6562; 0095-6562
Accession Number
PMID: 16780236
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM; S
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
16780236
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The effect of post-dive exercise on bubble formation remains controversial, although the current practice of divers and aviators is to avoid strenuous exercise after diving. Previously, we have shown that exercising 24 h before a dive, or during a decompression stop, significantly reduces bubble formation in man. The objective of this study was to determine whether a short period of strenuous post-dive exercise promotes venous bubble formation. METHODS: Seven male military divers performed an open-sea field dive to a maximum depth of 30 m for 30 min. At maximum depth, subjects performed mild underwater fin swimming, followed by standard decompression. Diving was followed by a post-dive exercise session consisting of short, strenuous incremental upright cycle ergometry, up to 85% of maximal oxygen uptake, for about 10 min. Subjects were monitored for venous gas bubbles in the right heart with an echo-imaging system starting 20 min post-dive while in the supine position, during cycle ergometry in the seated upright position, and immediately after exercise in a supine position. RESULTS: The average number of bubbles was 1.5 +/- 1.4 bubbles x cm(-2) 20 min after diving. Changes in posture from supine to seated upright resulted in significant reduction of bubbles to 0.6 +/- 1.3 bubbles x cm(-2) (p = 0.043), with further reduction to 0.2 +/- 0.3 bubbles x cm(-2) at the end of exercise (p = 0.02). No cases of DCS or intra-pulmonary shunt were observed during or following post-dive exercise. DISCUSSION: These results suggest that post-dive strenuous exercise after a single field dive reduces post-dive gas bubble formation in well-trained military divers. Additional findings are needed for normal sports divers.
Descriptors
Adult, Decompression Sickness/prevention & control, Diving/physiology, Exercise/physiology, Gases/blood, Humans, Male, Military Medicine, Statistics, Nonparametric, Veins
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Dujic,Z., Obad,A., Palada,I., Ivancev,V., Valic,Z.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Exogenous nitric oxide and bubble formation in divers | 2006 | Departments of Physiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia. zdujic@bsb.mefst.hr | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Medicine and science in sports and exercise
Periodical, Abbrev.
Med.Sci.Sports Exerc.
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
38
Issue
8
Start Page
1432
Other Pages
1435
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 8005433; 0 (Gases); 0 (Nitric Oxide Donors); G59M7S0WS3 (Nitroglycerin); ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
0195-9131; 0195-9131
Accession Number
PMID: 16888456
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM; S
DOI
10.1249/01.mss.0000228936.78916.23 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
16888456
Abstract
PURPOSE: Prevention of bubble formation is a central goal in standard decompression procedures. Previously we have shown that exercise 20-24 h prior to a dive reduces bubble formation and increases survival in rats exposed to a simulated dive. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) may be involved in this protection; blocking the production of NO increases bubble formation while giving rats a long-lasting NO donor 20 h and immediately prior to a dive reduces bubble formation. This study determined whether a short-lasting NO donor, nitroglycerine, reduced bubble formation after standard dives and decompression in man. METHODS: A total of 16 experienced divers were randomly assigned into two groups. One group performed two dives to 30 m of seawater (msw) for 30 min breathing air, and performed exercise at an intensity corresponding to 30% of maximal oxygen uptake during the bottom time. The second group performed two simulated dives to 18 msw for 80 min breathing air in a hyperbaric chamber, and remained sedentary during the bottom period. The first dive for each diver served as the control dive, whereas the divers received 0.4 mg of nitroglycerine by oral spray 30 min before the second dive. Following the dive, gas bubbles in the pulmonary artery were recorded using ultrasound. RESULTS: The open-water dive resulted in significantly more gas bubbles than the dry dive (0.87 +/- 1.3 vs 0.12 +/- 0.23 bubbles per square centimeter). Nitroglycerine reduced bubble formation significantly in both dives from 0.87 +/- 1.3 to 0.32 +/- 0.7 in the in-water dive and from 0.12 +/- 0.23 to 0.03 +/- 0.03 bubbles per square centimeter in the chamber dive. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that intake of a short-lasting NO donor reduces bubble formation following decompression after different dives.
Descriptors
Adult, Decompression Sickness/physiopathology/prevention & control/ultrasonography, Diving/physiology, Gases/blood, Heart Rate/physiology, Humans, Hyperbaric Oxygenation, Male, Nitric Oxide Donors/administration & dosage, Nitroglycerin/administration & dosage, Oxygen Consumption/physiology, Pulmonary Artery/ultrasonography
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Dujic,Z., Palada,I., Valic,Z., Duplancic,D., Obad,A., Wisloff,U., Brubakk,A. O.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||