Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year Sort ascending | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Effects of blending of desalinated and conventionally treated surface water on iron corrosion and its release from corroding surfaces and pre-existing scales | 2013 | Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. haizhou@engr.ucr.edu | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Water research
Periodical, Abbrev.
Water Res.
Pub Date Free Form
1-Jul
Volume
47
Issue
11
Start Page
3817
Other Pages
3826
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 0105072; 0 (Chlorides); 0 (Ferric Compounds); 0 (Iron Compounds); 0 (Minerals); 0 (Phosphates); 0 (Sulfates); 1310-14-1 (goethite); 39473-89-7 (ferrihydrite); E1UOL152H7 (Iron); SY7Q814VUP (Calcium); 2012/10/19 [received]; 201
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1879-2448; 0043-1354
Accession Number
PMID: 23651514
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.052 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23651514
Abstract
This study examined effects of blending desalinated water with conventionally treated surface water on iron corrosion and release from corroding metal surfaces and pre-existing scales exposed to waters having varying fractions of desalinated water, alkalinities, pH values and orthophosphate levels. The presence of desalinated water resulted in markedly decreased 0.45 mum-filtered soluble iron concentrations. However, higher fractions of desalinated water in the blends were also associated with more fragile corroding surfaces, lower retention of iron oxidation products and release of larger iron particles in the bulk water. SEM, XRD and XANES data showed that in surface water, a dense layer of amorphous ferrihydrite phase predominated in the corrosion products. More crystalline surface phases developed in the presence of desalinated water. These solid phases transformed from goethite to lepidocrocite with increased fraction of desalinated water. These effects are likely to result from a combination of chemical parameters, notably variations of the concentrations of natural organic matter, calcium, chloride and sulfate when desalinated and conventionally treated waters are blended.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Liu,H., Schonberger,K.D., Peng,C.Y., Ferguson,J.F., Desormeaux,E., Meyerhofer,P., Luckenbach,H., Korshin,G.V.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130416
PMCID
Editors
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| Waterpipe smoking among middle and high school Jordanian students: patterns and predictors | 2013 | Department of Community and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Hashemite University, Zarqa, P.O. Box 150459, 13115, Jordan. sukaina-alzyoud@hu.edu.jo. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of environmental research and public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Environ.Res.Public.Health.
Pub Date Free Form
12-Dec
Volume
10
Issue
12
Start Page
7068
Other Pages
7082
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 101238455; OID: NLM: PMC3881154; 2013/10/21 [received]; 2013/11/27 [revised]; 2013/11/28 [accepted]; epublish
Place of Publication
Switzerland
ISSN/ISBN
1660-4601; 1660-4601
Accession Number
PMID: 24351734
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.3390/ijerph10127068 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24351734
Abstract
Despite the increase in attention to waterpipe tobacco smoking, the patterns and predictors of this method of tobacco use among Jordanian youth are not well known. The current study was conducted to assess the patterns and the predictors of waterpipe tobacco smoking among school aged students in one of Jordan's Central Governorates. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the patterns and predictors of waterpipe tobacco smoking among youth (grades 6, 8, 10 and 12). Using a multistage random sampling more than 1,000 students was selected. Data were collected using the Arabic Youth Tobacco Use Composite Measure (YTUCM). Waterpipe smoking was assessed for "past 12 months", "past month" and "past week". Students' ages ranged from 11 to 18 years, (mean age +/- 14.7; SD +/- 1.9 years). The percentage of girls who smoked waterpipe was greater for all frequencies of use than it was for boys. Age, gender, and belief that smoking makes more friends were predictors of smoking among study participants. This is the first known study to examine waterpipe smoking among youth aged 11 and 12. Our findings illustrate the need for public health campaigns to reach and educate youth, their families, teachers and school systems regarding the growing recognized health risks of waterpipe smoking.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Alzyoud,S., Weglicki,L.S., Kheirallah,K.A., Haddad,L., Alhawamdeh,K.A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20131212
PMCID
PMC3881154
Editors
|
|||
| Chloroquine sensitizes biofilms of Candida albicans to antifungal azoles | 2013 | School of Life Sciences, SRTM University, Nanded, MS 431606, India. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
Periodical, Abbrev.
Braz.J.Infect.Dis.
Pub Date Free Form
Jul-Aug
Volume
17
Issue
4
Start Page
395
Other Pages
400
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 9812937; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Azoles); 0 (Echinocandins); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 886U3H6UFF (Chloroquine); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); OTO: NOTNLM; 2012/07/26 [received]; 2012/10/31 [revised]; 2012/11/01 [accepted]; 2
Place of Publication
Brazil
ISSN/ISBN
1678-4391; 1413-8670
Accession Number
PMID: 23602464
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.bjid.2012.11.002 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23602464
Abstract
Biofilms formed by Candida albicans, a human pathogen, are known to be resistant to different antifungal agents. Novel strategies to combat the biofilm associated Candida infections like multiple drug therapy are being explored. In this study, potential of chloroquine to be a partner drug in combination with four antifungal agents, namely fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin, was explored against biofilms of C. albicans. Activity of various concentrations of chloroquine in combination with a particular antifungal drug was analyzed in a checkerboard format. Growth of biofilm in presence of drugs was analyzed by XTT-assay, in terms of relative metabolic activity compared to that of drug free control. Results obtained by XTT-metabolic assay were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The interactions between chloroquine and four antifungal drugs were determined by calculating fractional inhibitory concentration indices. Azole resistance in biofilms was reverted significantly (p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Editora Ltda
Data Source
Authors
Shinde,R.B., Raut,J.S., Chauhan,N.M., Karuppayil,S.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130418
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Water with low concentration of surfactant in dispersed solvent-assisted emulsion dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of organochlorine pesticides in aqueous samples | 2013 | Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of chromatography.A
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.A
Pub Date Free Form
26-Jul
Volume
1300
Issue
Start Page
51
Other Pages
57
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 9318488; 0 (Acetates); 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated); 0 (Pesticides); 0 (Polysorbates); 0 (Solvents); 0 (Surface-Active Agents); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 178A96NLP2 (Dodecanol); 76J36KE44B (lauryl acetate); OTO: NOTNLM;
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-3778; 0021-9673
Accession Number
PMID: 23566919
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.chroma.2013.02.073 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23566919
Abstract
A novel sample preparation method, "water with low concentration of surfactant in dispersed solvent-assisted emulsion dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (WLSEME)", coupled with gas chromatography using an electron capture detector (GC-ECD) was developed for the analysis of the organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), heptachlor, alpha-endosulfan, 4,4-DDE, 2,4-DDD and endrin, in aqueous samples. A microsyringe is used to withdrew and discharge 10-12muL of the extraction solvent and 60-120muL of water as the dispersed solvent (containing 1mgL(-1), Tween 80) 4 times within 10s to form a cloudy emulsified solution in the syringe. This is then injected into an 8mL aqueous sample spiked with all above OCPs. Dodecyl acetate and 2-dodecanol were both selected as extraction solvents to optimize their conditions separately. The total extraction time was about 0.5min. Under optimum conditions, using dodecyl acetate (12muL) as extraction solvent, the linear range of the method was 10-1000ngL(-1) for all OCPs, and the the limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 1 to 5ngL(-1). The absolute recoveries and relative recoveries were from 20.8 to 43.5% and 83.2 to 109.8% for lake water, and 19.9-49.2% and 85.4-115.9% for seawater respectively. In the second method, 2-dodecanol as extraction solvent, the linear range was from 5 to 5000ngL(-1) for the target compounds, and the LODs were between 0.5 and 2ngL(-1). The absolute recoveries and relative recoveries ranged from 25.7 to 42.2% and 96.3-111.2% for sea water, and 22.4-41.9% and 90.7-107.9% for stream water. This could solve several problems, which commonly occur in ultrasound-assisted emulsification micro-extraction (USAEME), dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (DLLME) and other assisted emulsification methods. These problems include analyte degradation, increased solubility of the extraction solvent and analyte, and high toxicity and large volume of the organic solvent used.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Li,Y., Chen,P.S., Huang,S.D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130228
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction via flotation assistance for rapid and efficient determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples | 2013 | Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School, Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute, Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Majid2_haji@yahoo.com | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Analytica Chimica Acta
Periodical, Abbrev.
Anal.Chim.Acta
Pub Date Free Form
31-Jan
Volume
762
Issue
Start Page
54
Other Pages
60
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2012; JID: 0370534; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Solvents); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 2012/08/25 [received]; 2012/10/15 [revised]; 2012/10/17 [accepted]; 2012/10/24 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-4324; 0003-2670
Accession Number
PMID: 23327945
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.aca.2012.10.030 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23327945
Abstract
In this work, a rapid, simple and efficient homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction via flotation assistance (HLLME-FA) method was developed based on applying low density organic solvents without no centrifugation. For the first time, a special extraction cell was designed to facilitate collection of the low-density solvent extraction in the determination of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water samples followed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The effect of different variables on the extraction efficiency was studied simultaneously using experimental design. The variables of interest in the HLLME-FA were selected as extraction and homogeneous solvent volumes, ionic strength and extraction time. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to investigate the optimum conditions of all the variables. Using optimized variables in the extraction process, for all target PAHs, the detection limits, the precisions and the linearity of the method were found in the range of 14-41 mug L(-1), 3.7-10.3% (RSD, n=3) and 50-1000 mug L(-1), respectively. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the analysis of four target PAHs in the water samples, and satisfactory results were obtained.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Hosseini,M.H., Rezaee,M., Akbarian,S., Mizani,F., Pourjavid,M.R., Arabieh,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20121024
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| The 6-minute walk test in chronic respiratory failure: does observed or predicted walk distance better reflect patient functional status? | 2013 | Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. drgokaygungor@hotmail.com | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Respiratory care
Periodical, Abbrev.
Respir.Care
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
58
Issue
5
Start Page
850
Other Pages
857
Notes
JID: 7510357; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1943-3654; 0020-1324
Accession Number
PMID: 23107072
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Observational Study; IM
DOI
10.4187/respcare.02009 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23107072
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Acquiring 6-min walk test (6MWT) data from patients undergoing noninvasive mechanical ventilation due to chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure is limited. We aimed to assess whether the actual 6-min walk distance (6MWD) or the percent predicted 6MWD is a better reflection of the respiratory function of patients using home noninvasive ventilation (NIV) due to chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional observational study. The 6MWT was performed in subjects using home NIV. Diagnoses were grouped as COPD, obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), kyphoscoliosis, and parenchymal lung disease. Sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) were used to calculate ideal 6MWD. Male: 1,140 m - (5.61 x BMI) - (6.94 x age), and subtract 153 m for the lower limit of normal. Female: 1,017 m - (6.24 x BMI) - (5.83 x age), and subtract 139 m for the lower limit of normal. The 6MWD and percent-of-predicted 6MWD were compared relative to arterial blood gas, spirometry values, and diagnosis. RESULTS: The 6MWT was performed in 144 subjects, median (IQR) age 62 y (55-71 y). The male/female ratio, median (IQR) 6MWD, and percent-of-predicted 6MWD values were: COPD 32/6, 316 m (226-390 m), and 59.4% (42.5-68.9%); OHS 24/28, 303 m (240-362 m), and 73.0% (63.0-82.0%); kyphoscoliosis 16/7, 420 m (318-462 m), and 70.5% (56.0-75.2%); and parenchymal lung disease 19/12, 333 m (273-372 m), and 67.1% (46.7-74.7%). The correlation of percent-of-predicted 6MWD with spirometry and arterial blood gas values were better than with the actual 6MWD. CONCLUSIONS: The percent-of-predicted 6MWD was better correlated with respiratory function than actual 6MWD for subjects using home NIV due to chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure with COPD, OHS, kyphoscoliosis, and parenchymal lung disease.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Gungor,G., Karakurt,Z., Adiguzel,N., Aydin,R.E., Balci,M.K., Salturk,C., Sancar,R., Solmaz,S., Mocin,O.Y.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Is exposure to secondhand smoke associated with cognitive parameters of children and adolescents?--a systematic literature review | 2013 | Division of Health and Social Care Research, King's College London, London, UK. Electronic address: ruoling.chen@kcl.ac.uk. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Annals of Epidemiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Ann.Epidemiol.
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
23
Issue
10
Start Page
652
Other Pages
661
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 9100013; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OTO: NOTNLM; 2012/11/05 [received]; 2013/06/17 [revised]; 2013/07/01 [accepted]; 2013/08/19 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1873-2585; 1047-2797
Accession Number
PMID: 23969303
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.annepidem.2013.07.001 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23969303
Abstract
PURPOSE: Despite the known association of second hand smoke (SHS) with increased risk of ill health and mortality, the effects of SHS exposure on cognitive functioning in children and adolescents are unclear. Through a critical review of the literature we sought to determine whether a relationship exists between these variables. METHODS: The authors systematically reviewed articles (dated 1989-2012) that investigated the association between SHS exposure (including in utero due to SHS exposure by pregnant women) and performance on neurocognitive and academic tests. Eligible studies were identified from searches of Web of Knowledge, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Google Scholar, CINAHL, EMBASE, Zetoc, and Clinicaltrials.gov. RESULTS: Fifteen articles were identified, of which 12 showed inverse relationships between SHS and cognitive parameters. Prenatal SHS exposure was inversely associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes in young children, whereas postnatal SHS exposure was associated with poor academic achievement and neurocognitive performance in older children and adolescents. Furthermore, SHS exposure was associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental delay. CONCLUSIONS: Recommendations should be made to the public to avoid sources of SHS and future research should investigate interactions between SHS exposure and other risk factors for delayed neurodevelopment and poor cognitive performance.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Chen,R., Clifford,A., Lang,L., Anstey,K.J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130819
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Two men with multiple disabilities carry out an assembly work activity with the support of a technology system | 2013 | Department of Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari , 70100 Bari , Italy. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Developmental neurorehabilitation
Periodical, Abbrev.
Dev.Neurorehabil
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
16
Issue
5
Start Page
332
Other Pages
339
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 101304394; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1751-8431; 1751-8423
Accession Number
PMID: 24020878
Language
eng
SubFile
Case Reports; Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.3310/phr04020 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24020878
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether two persons with multiple disabilities could learn a work activity (i.e., assembling trolley wheels) with the support of a technology system. METHOD: After an initial baseline, the study compared the effects of intervention sessions relying on the technology system (which called the participants to the different workstations and provided feedback and final stimulation) with the effects of intervention sessions carried out without technology. The two types of intervention sessions were conducted according to an alternating treatments design. Eventually, only intervention sessions relying on the technology system were used. RESULTS: Both participants managed to assemble wheels independently during intervention sessions relying on the technology system while they failed during sessions without the system. Their performance was strengthened during the final part of the study, in which only sessions with the system occurred. CONCLUSION: Technology may be critical in helping persons with multiple disabilities manage multi-step work activities.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lancioni,G.E., Singh,N.N., O'Reilly,M.F., Green,V.A., Oliva,D., Campodonico,F.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Shear bond strength and SEM morphology evaluation of different dental adhesives to enamel prepared with ER:YAG laser | 2013 | Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Contemporary clinical dentistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
Contemp.Clin.Dent.
Pub Date Free Form
Jan
Volume
4
Issue
1
Start Page
20
Other Pages
26
Notes
LR: 20130717; JID: 101552967; OID: NLM: PMC3703689; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish
Place of Publication
India
ISSN/ISBN
0976-237X; 0976-2361
Accession Number
PMID: 23853447
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.4103/0976-237X.111588 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23853447
Abstract
CONTEXT: Early observations of enamel surfaces prepared by erbium lasers motivated clinicians to use laser as an alternative to chemical etching. AIMS: Evaluate shear bond strength (SBS) values of different dental adhesives on Erbium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) laser prepared enamel and to evaluate possible etching patterns correlations between dental adhesives and SBS values. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred bovine incisors were randomly assigned to SBS tests on enamel (n = 15) and to enamel morphology analysis (n = 5) after Er:YAG laser preparation as follows: Group I - 37% phosphoric acid (PA)+ ExciTE((R)); Group II - ExciTE((R)); Group III - AdheSE((R)) self-etching; Group IV - FuturaBond((R)) no-rinse. NR; Group V - Xeno((R)) V. Teeth were treated with the adhesive systems and subjected to thermal cycling. SBS were performed in a universal testing machine at 5 mm/min. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: One-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests (P
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Pires,P.T., Ferreira,J.C., Oliveira,S.A., Azevedo,A.F., Dias,W.R., Melo,P.R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC3703689
Editors
|
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| Change of secondhand smoke levels in a public hospital in Budapest after implementation of anti-smoking policy in 2011 | 2013 | Semmelweis Egyetem, Altalanos Orvostudomanyi Kar, Radiologiai es Onkoterapias Klinika, Budapest, Ulloi ut 78/A 1082. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Orvosi hetilap
Periodical, Abbrev.
Orv.Hetil.
Pub Date Free Form
28-Apr
Volume
154
Issue
17
Start Page
658
Other Pages
664
Notes
JID: 0376412; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish
Place of Publication
Hungary
ISSN/ISBN
0030-6002; 0030-6002
Accession Number
PMID: 23608313
Language
hun
SubFile
English Abstract; Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1556/OH.2013.29594 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23608313
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Our previous 2009 study demonstrated high secondhand smoke levels throughout a public hospital in Budapest. AIM: To compare changes in indoor air pollution level between 2009 and 2012, before and after the Hungarian anti-smoking policy legislation adopted in 2011. METHODS: TSI SidePak AM510 Personal Aerosol Monitor was used. RESULTS: In-patient care department PM2.5 levels declined by 92% from 87.7 mug/m3 to 6.9 mug/m3. Non-patient care area PM2.5 level increased by 67% from 64.8 mug/m3 to 108.0 mug/m3. The increase was driven entirely by a large increase in the level in public toilets. Excluding these, there was a 83% drop in PM2.5 in non-patient care areas from 64.8 mug/m3 to 11.1 mug/m3. CONCLUSIONS: PM2.5 decreased significantly due to the 2011 law. However, smoking still occurred in the hospital, albeit in less frequently visited areas. A stricter enforcement of this beneficial law is needed to reach a comprehensive smoke-free hospital environment.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Tarnoki,D.L., Tarnoki,A.D., Csathy,L., Travers,M.J.
Original/Translated Title
Dohanyfust-koncentracio valtozasa egy budapesti kozkorhazban a nemdohanyzok vedelmet celzo 2011-es torvenyt kovetoen
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
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