WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort ascending	Author	SearchLink
Occupational secondhand smoke is the main determinant of hair nicotine concentrations in bar and restaurant workers	2014	School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile. Electronic address: viglesia@med.uchile.cl.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile.; Laboratory of Occupational Health, Institute of Public Health, Chile. Electronic addre	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental research Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 132 Issue Start Page 206 Other Pages 211 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; GR: D43 TW005746/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; GR: D43TW005746-02/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; JID: 0147621; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); NIHMS666789; OID: NLM: NIHMS666789; OID: NLM: PMC435199 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1096-0953; 0013-9351 Accession Number PMID: 24813578 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2014.03.044 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24813578 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relative contribution of occupational vs. non-occupational secondhand tobacco smoke exposure to overall hair nicotine concentrations in non-smoking bar and restaurant employees. METHOD: We recruited 76 non-smoking employees from venues that allowed smoking (n=9), had mixed policies (smoking and non-smoking areas, n=13) or were smoke-free (n=2) between April and August 2008 in Santiago, Chile. Employees used personal air nicotine samplers during working and non-working hours for a 24-h period to assess occupational vs. non-occupational secondhand tobacco smoke exposure and hair nicotine concentrations to assess overall secondhand tobacco smoke exposure. RESULTS: Median hair nicotine concentrations were 1.5 ng/mg, interquartile range (IQR) 0.7 to 5.2 ng/mg. Time weighted average personal air nicotine concentrations were higher during working hours (median 9.7, IQR 3.3-25.4 microg/m(3)) compared to non-working hours (1.7, 1.0-3.1 microg/m(3)). Hair nicotine concentration was best predicted by personal air nicotine concentration at working hours. After adjustment, a 2-fold increase in personal air nicotine concentration in working hours was associated with a 42% increase in hair nicotine concentration (95% confidence interval 14-70%). Hair nicotine concentration was not associated with personal air nicotine concentration during non-working hours (non-occupational exposure). CONCLUSIONS: Personal air nicotine concentration at working hours was the major determinant of hair nicotine concentrations in non-smoking employees from Santiago, Chile. Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure during working hours is a health hazard for hospitality employees working in venues where smoking is allowed. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Iglesias,V., Erazo,M., Droppelmann,A., Steenland,K., Aceituno,P., Orellana,C., Acuna,M., Peruga,A., Breysse,P.N., Navas-Acien,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140508 PMCID PMC4351991 Editors
A longitudinal study of electronic cigarette users	2014	Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: Jean-Francois.Etter@unige.ch.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 39 Issue 2 Start Page 491 Other Pages 494 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: (c) 2013; JID: 7603486; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/05/31 [received]; 2013/10/04 [revised]; 2013/10/22 [accepted]; 2013/10/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 24229843 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.10.028 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24229843 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess behavior change over 12 months in users of e-cigarettes ("vapers"). METHODS: Longitudinal Internet survey, 2011 to 2013. Participants were enrolled on websites dedicated to e-cigarettes and smoking cessation. We assessed use of e-cigarettes and tobacco among the same cohort at baseline, after one month (n=477) and one year (n=367). RESULTS: Most participants (72%) were former smokers, and 76% were using e-cigarettes daily. At baseline, current users had been using e-cigarettes for 3 months, took 150 puffs/day on their e-cigarette and used refill liquids containing 16 mg/ml of nicotine, on average. Almost all the daily vapers at baseline were still vaping daily after one month (98%) and one year (89%). Of those who had been vaping daily for less than one month at baseline, 93% were still vaping daily after one month, and 81% after one year. In daily vapers, the number of puffs/day on e-cigarettes remained unchanged between baseline and one year. Among former smokers who were vaping daily at baseline, 6% had relapsed to smoking after one month and also 6% after one year. Among dual users (smokers who were vaping daily at baseline), 22% had stopped smoking after one month and 46% after one year. In dual users who were still smoking at follow-up, cigarette consumption decreased by 5.3 cig/day after one month (from 11.3 to 6.0 cig./day, p=0.006), but remained unchanged between baseline and 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: E-cigarettes may contribute to relapse prevention in former smokers and smoking cessation in current smokers. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Etter,J.F., Bullen,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131030 PMCID Editors
Air quality at outdoor community events: findings from fine particulate (PM2.5) sampling at festivals in Edmonton, Alberta	2014	a Earth & Atmospheric Sciences , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada .	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of environmental health research Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Environ.Health Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 24 Issue 3 Start Page 215 Other Pages 225 Notes JID: 9106628; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2013/07/01 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1369-1619; 0960-3123 Accession Number PMID: 23815801 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1080/09603123.2013.807328 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23815801 Abstract Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with a broad range of health risks. This study assessed the impacts of cooking smoke and environmental tobacco smoke on air quality at outdoor community events in Edmonton, Alberta (Canada). Data were collected at three festivals in July-August 2011 using a portable real-time airborne particle monitor. The pooled mean PM2.5 level was 12.41 mug/m(3). Peak readings varied from 52 to 1877 mug/m(3). Mean PM2.5 near food stalls was 35.42 mug/m(3), which exceeds the WHO limit for 24 h exposure. Mean PM2.5 levels with smokers present were 16.39 mug/m(3) (all points) and 9.64 mug/m(3) (excluding points near food stalls). Although some smokers withdrew from common spaces, on average 20 smokers/hour were observed within 3 m. Extending smoking bans would improve air quality and address related concerns. However, food preparation is a more pressing area for policy action to reduce PM2.5 exposure at these community events. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Collins,D., Parsons,M., Zinyemba,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130701 PMCID Editors
Development of an innovative and "green" stir bar sorptive extraction-thermal desorption-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine biota	2014	LEMAR - UMR 6539 - Technopole de Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzane, France. Electronic address: camlacroix@hotmail.fr.; CEDRE - 715, Rue Alain Colas/CS 41836, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France.; CEDRE - 715, Rue Alain Colas/CS 41836, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France.; LE	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of chromatography.A Periodical, Abbrev. J.Chromatogr.A Pub Date Free Form 4-Jul Volume 1349 Issue Start Page 1 Other Pages 10 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 9318488; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/02/13 [received]; 2014/04/28 [revised]; 2014/04/29 [accepted]; 2014/05/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-3778; 0021-9673 Accession Number PMID: 24857036 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.094 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24857036 Abstract There is a growing awareness of the need to reduce the negative impact of chemical analyses on the environment and to develop new eco-friendly and sustainable analytical methods without compromising performance. In this study, we developed a "green" analytical method enabling the accurate and simultaneous routine analysis of 21 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in reduced quantities (100mg and 1g wet weight (WW)) of marine biota samples (fish muscle, mussel and oyster tissues) using alkaline digestion combined with stir bar sorptive extraction-thermal desorption-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SBSE-GC-MS/MS). The innovative method provides good selectivity and specificity for most compounds. In 1gWW samples, limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged from 1 to 10mug/kgWW in fish muscle and from 0.5 to 10mug/kgWW in mussel tissue. The method enables most analytes to be quantified below the restrictive limits established by the European Commission (2 and 10mug/kgWW in fish muscle and bivalve mollusc, respectively). Higher LOQs were obtained in 100mgWW samples ranging from 1 to 50mug/kgWW. Recovery and linearity were assessed for all analytes. The results were satisfactory for most compounds with recoveries ranging from 94% to 117% in 1gWW mussel samples at spike concentration of 10ng/gWW with standard deviation not exceeding 12%. However, results confirmed that the SBSE efficiency is affected by the complexity of biological matrices, especially for high molecular weight compounds in lipid-rich mussel tissue. Because of the matrix effects, matrix-matched calibrations were carried out. Validation was performed using the standard reference material 1974c with recovery ranging from 71% to 119% except for naphthalene, anthracene and benzo(e)pyrene that were therefore not validated. Overall, the developed method meets analytical validation criteria for most compounds. Thanks to the combination of alkaline digestion and SBSE, which greatly simplifies sample treatment and limits solvent use to ethanol, the developed method followed most green analytical chemistry principles. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Lacroix,C., Le Cuff,N., Receveur,J., Moraga,D., Auffret,M., Guyomarch,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140504 PMCID Editors
The calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A exhibits synergism with antifungals against Candida parapsilosis species complex	2014	Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, School of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology and Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 63 Issue Pt 7 Start Page 936 Other Pages 944 Notes LR: 20141120; CI: (c) 2014; JID: 0224131; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Triazoles); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 83HN0GTJ6D (Cyclosporine); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole); 2014/04/10 [aheadofprint]; ppu Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1473-5644; 0022-2615 Accession Number PMID: 24722799 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1099/jmm.0.073478-0 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24722799 Abstract Candida parapsilosis complex comprises three closely related species, C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, Candida metapsilosis and Candida orthopsilosis. In the last decade, antifungal resistance to azoles and caspofungin among C. parapsilosis sensu lato strains has been considered a matter of concern worldwide. In the present study, we evaluated the synergistic potential of antifungals and the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A (Cys) against planktonic and biofilms of C. parapsilosis complex from clinical sources. Susceptibility assays with amphotericin, fluconazole, voriconazole, caspofungin and Cys were performed by microdilution in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Synergy testing against planktonic cells of C. parapsilosis sensu lato strains was assessed by the chequerboard method. Combinations formed by antifungals with Cys were evaluated against mature biofilms in microtitre plates. No differences in the antifungal susceptibility pattern among species were observed, but C. parapsilosis sensu stricto strains were more susceptible to Cys than C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis. Synergism between antifungals and Cys was observed in C. parapsilosis sensu lato strains. Combinations formed by antifungals and Cys were able to prevent biofilm formation and showed an inhibitory effect against mature biofilms of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, C. metapsilosis and C. orthopsilosis. These results strengthen the potential of calcineurin inhibition as a promising approach to enhance the efficiency of antifungal drugs. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher The Authors Data Source Authors Cordeiro Rde,A., Macedo Rde,B., Teixeira,C.E., Marques,F.J., Bandeira Tde,J., Moreira,J.L., Brilhante,R.S., Rocha,M.F., Sidrim,J.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140410 PMCID Editors
Molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and Escherichia coli isolated from retail foods including chicken meat in Japan	2014	1 Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya, Japan .	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Foodborne pathogens and disease Periodical, Abbrev. Foodborne Pathog.Dis. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 11 Issue 2 Start Page 104 Other Pages 110 Notes JID: 101120121; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (Fluoroquinolones); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase CTX-2); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase TEM-3); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2013/10/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1556-7125; 1535-3141 Accession Number PMID: 24093132 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1089/fpd.2013.1608 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24093132 Abstract Contamination of retail meat with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli has been reported, but only limited data have been documented in Japan. One hundred fifty-three retail foods including chicken meat, beef, pork, and vegetables were purchased from 29 supermarkets between January and October in 2010. ESBL producers were recovered from each food sample using McConkey agar plate supplemented with 1 mg/L of cefotaxime. ESBL type was identified by DNA sequencing analysis after polymerase chain reaction amplification. Antibiogram, O serotype, plasmid replicon type, pulsotype, and multilocus sequence type were also determined. Fifty-two epidemiologically unrelated Escherichia coli isolates producing ESBL were recovered from 35 (22.9%) of 153 samples, all of which were chicken meat. ESBL types were mainly CTX-M-2 group followed by CTX-M-1 group and CTX-M-8 group. The numbers of bacterial isolates (8 of 21, 38.1%) harboring bla(CTX-M-8) recovered from imported meat samples were significantly larger than those of domestic ones (one of 31, 3.2%) (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kawamura,K., Goto,K., Nakane,K., Arakawa,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131004 PMCID Editors
Gastro-esophageal reflux disease symptoms and demographic factors as a pre-screening tool for Barrett's esophagus	2014	MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.; MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.; MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.; MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cam	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PloS one Periodical, Abbrev. PLoS One Pub Date Free Form 15-Apr Volume 9 Issue 4 Start Page e94163 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150806; GR: 12088/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom; GR: MC_U105365007/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom; GR: MC_UU_12022/2/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom; JID: 101285081; OID: NLM: PMC3988048; 2014 [ecollection]; 2013/10/21 [received Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1932-6203; 1932-6203 Accession Number PMID: 24736597 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0094163 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24736597 Abstract BACKGROUND: Barrett's esophagus (BE) occurs as consequence of reflux and is a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma. The current "gold-standard" for diagnosing BE is endoscopy which remains prohibitively expensive and impractical as a population screening tool. We aimed to develop a pre-screening tool to aid decision making for diagnostic referrals. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A prospective (training) cohort of 1603 patients attending for endoscopy was used for identification of risk factors to develop a risk prediction model. Factors associated with BE in the univariate analysis were selected to develop prediction models that were validated in an independent, external cohort of 477 non-BE patients referred for endoscopy with symptoms of reflux or dyspepsia. Two prediction models were developed separately for columnar lined epithelium (CLE) of any length and using a stricter definition of intestinal metaplasia (IM) with segments >/= 2 cm with areas under the ROC curves (AUC) of 0.72 (95%CI: 0.67-0.77) and 0.81 (95%CI: 0.76-0.86), respectively. The two prediction models included demographics (age, sex), symptoms (heartburn, acid reflux, chest pain, abdominal pain) and medication for "stomach" symptoms. These two models were validated in the independent cohort with AUCs of 0.61 (95%CI: 0.54-0.68) and 0.64 (95%CI: 0.52-0.77) for CLE and IM >/= 2 cm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We have identified and validated two prediction models for CLE and IM >/= 2 cm. Both models have fair prediction accuracies and can select out around 20% of individuals unlikely to benefit from investigation for Barrett's esophagus. Such prediction models have the potential to generate useful cost-savings for BE screening among the symptomatic population. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Liu,X., Wong,A., Kadri,S.R., Corovic,A., O'Donovan,M., Lao-Sirieix,P., Lovat,L.B., Burnham,R.W., Fitzgerald,R.C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140415 PMCID PMC3988048 Editors
Regional differences in patterns of alcohol consumption: findings from the China Kadoorie Biobank study on half a million people from 10 regions	2014	Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public He	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi Periodical, Abbrev. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 35 Issue 8 Start Page 875 Other Pages 881 Notes LR: 20160322; GR: MC_U137686851/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom; JID: 8208604; ppublish Place of Publication China ISSN/ISBN 0254-6450; 0254-6450 Accession Number PMID: 25376674 Language chi SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25376674 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To describe the regional differences on patterns of alcohol consumption across 10 study in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) areas involving half a million adults. METHODS: The baseline survey of CKB took place in 5 urban and 5 rural areas across China during 2004-2008. Detailed information on alcohol consumption of 512 891 participants aged 30-79 years was gathered and analyzed. RESULTS: were directly standardized on age (in 10-age groups) and education (5 groups) structure of the study population for different sex. RESULTS: The overall prevalence rates of regular drinking (i.e., at least weekly) were 33.1% among men and 2.2% among women. Among men, the prevalence rate was seen highest in Harbin (52.0%) and Sichuan (50.2%), but lowest in Gansu (8.1%) and Haikou (18.8%). Most regular drinkers in Sichuan, Hunan, and Gansu habitually drank strong spirits (>/= 40% alcohol content), whereas beer was most commonly consumed in Harbin and Qingdao, with rice wine most commonly used in the southern regions (Haikou, Suzhou,Zhejiang and Liuzhou). Mean alcohol consumption was highest in Sichuan (414.6 g/week). Although the mean alcohol consumptions appeared lower on regular occasion in Gansu (195.2 g/week) and Henan (239.6 g/week) than in other regions, the amount consumed on special occasions in these two regions were the highest (Henan:202.3 g/day; Gansu:171.2 g/day). Similar patterns were also seen in women. Of all the regular drinkers, 82.6% of men and 56.6% of women reported heavy drinking episodes (men: >60 g, women: >40 g) on special occasions. CONCLUSION: The patterns of alcohol consumption including prevalence, frequency, amount, binge drinking pattern, and type of alcohol beverage varied greatly among the ten areas of CKB under study. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lyu,J., Guo,Y., Bian,Z., Yu,C., Wang,Z., Zhou,H., Tan,Y., Chen,J., Chen,Z., Li,L., China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) Collaborative Group, China Kadoorie Biobank CKB Collaborative Group Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Tobacco use among Norwegian adolescents: from cigarettes to snus	2014	Department of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addiction (Abingdon, England) Periodical, Abbrev. Addiction Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 109 Issue 7 Start Page 1154 Other Pages 1162 Notes LR: 20150210; CI: (c) 2014; JID: 9304118; CIN: Addiction. 2014 Jul;109(7):1163-4. PMID: 24903293; OID: NLM: PMC4309515; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/07/24 [received]; 2013/10/08 [revised]; 2014/02/04 [accepted]; 2014/03/17 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1360-0443; 0965-2140 Accession Number PMID: 24521070 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1111/add.12509 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24521070 Abstract AIMS: To: (i) investigate the development of smoking and snus use among Norwegian adolescents, and (ii) describe the users in each group. DESIGN: Two population-based surveys with identical procedures in 2002 (response rate 91.0%) and 2010 (response rate 84.3%). SETTING: Norway. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 6217 respondents, aged 16-17 years. MEASUREMENTS: Data were collected on smoking and snus use, socio-demographic factors, school adjustment, social network, sport activities, alcohol and cannabis use and depression symptoms. FINDINGS: Prevalence of daily smoking fell from 23.6% in 2002 to 6.8% in 2010 (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society for the Study of Addiction Data Source Authors Pedersen,W., von Soest,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140317 PMCID PMC4309515 Editors
Waterpipe dependence in university students and effect of normative beliefs: a cross-sectional study	2014	Clinical & Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMJ open Periodical, Abbrev. BMJ Open Pub Date Free Form 14-Feb Volume 4 Issue 2 Start Page e004378 Other Pages 2013-004378 Notes LR: 20160603; JID: 101552874; OID: NLM: PMC3927928; OTO: NOTNLM; GN: NLM: Original DateCompleted: 20140217; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 2044-6055; 2044-6055 Accession Number PMID: 24531452 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Validation Studies; IM DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004378 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24531452 Abstract OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to measure the correlates, including normative beliefs, associated with waterpipe (WP) and cigarette smoking prevalence and dependence. SETTING: A cross-sectional study was carried out using a proportionate cluster sample of Lebanese students in 17 public and private universities. PARTICIPANTS: Of the 4900 distributed questionnaires, 3384 (69.1%) were returned to the field worker. All available students during break times were approached, with no exclusion criteria. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: sociodemographic variables, detailed active and passive smoking, in addition to items of the tobacco dependence scales were all evaluated. RESULTS: Correlates to WP smoking were studying in a private university (adjusted OR, aOR=1.50 (1.26 to 1.79); p1; p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Salameh,P., Salame,J., Waked,M., Barbour,B., Zeidan,N., Baldi,I. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140214 PMCID PMC3927928 Editors

E-mail