WTS database

Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Characterization of Candida parapsilosis complex isolates	2011	Service of Microbiology, Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, Spain. mdt19772@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Periodical, Abbrev. Clin.Microbiol.Infect. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 17 Issue 3 Start Page 418 Other Pages 424 Notes LR: 20141120; CI: (c) 2010 The Authors. Clinical Microbiology and Infection (c) 2010; JID: 9516420; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Triazoles); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 9HLM53094I (anidulafungin); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole Place of Publication France ISSN/ISBN 1469-0691; 1198-743X Accession Number PMID: 20636431 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03302.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20636431 Abstract Candida parapsilosis former groups II and III have recently been established as independent species, named Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis, respectively. We investigated the distribution of C. parapsilosis complex species in 122 isolates from blood and other sources in a southern Spain tertiary-care hospital, and we examined the relationship between species, site of isolation and biofilm positivity. We also evaluated the planktonic MICs and sessile MICs (SMICs) of voriconazole, amphotericin B and anidulafungin. One hundred and eleven isolates (91%) were categorized as C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, whereas ten isolates (8.2%) were categorized as C. orthopsilosis and one (0.8%) as C. metapsilosis. Biofilm positivity was observed in 58.5% (65 of 111) of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto isolates vs. 0% (0 of 11) of C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis isolates (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Data Source Authors de Toro,M., Torres,M.J., Maite,R., Aznar,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Characterization of CTX-M and SHV extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and associated resistance genes in Escherichia coli strains of food samples in Tunisia	2007	Laboratoire MBA, Departement de Biologie, Faculte de Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy Periodical, Abbrev. J.Antimicrob.Chemother. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 60 Issue 5 Start Page 1137 Other Pages 1141 Notes JID: 7513617; 0 (Escherichia coli Proteins); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2007/09/13 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0305-7453; 0305-7453 Accession Number PMID: 17855726 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI dkm316 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 17855726 Abstract OBJECTIVES: To assess the occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in Escherichia coli isolates of faecal samples of animals (n = 40) and food samples (n = 38) obtained in Tunisia in 2006, and to characterize the type of ESBLs, their genetic environments and the associated resistance genes. METHODS: Samples were inoculated in supplemented media (2 mg/L cefotaxime) for isolation of broad-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant E. coli isolates (one isolate/sample). ESBLs and their genetic environments as well as integrons and their gene cassette composition were characterized by PCR and sequencing. RESULTS: ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were detected in 10 of the 38 food samples analysed (26%) and in none of the tested animal faecal samples. Genes found were as follows (number of isolates): bla(CTX-M-1) (5), bla(CTX-M-1) + bla(TEM-1b) (1), bla(CTX-M-14) + bla(TEM-1b) (2), bla(CTX-M-8) (1) and bla(SHV-5) (1). All ESBL-positive isolates showed unrelated PFGE patterns. ISEcp1 and IS903 were detected surrounding bla(CTX-M-14), and ISEcp1/IS26 and orf477 surrounding some of the bla(CTX-M-1) genes. Four of the ESBL-positive strains harboured class 1 integrons including different gene cassette combinations. CONCLUSIONS: ESBLs, mainly of the CTX-M class, are detected in E. coli of food origin in Tunisia, being the first time that this mechanism has been detected in food E. coli strains in Africa. Descriptors Animals, Cattle, Chickens/microbiology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics, Escherichia coli/drug effects/enzymology/genetics, Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics, Feces/microbiology, Fishes/microbiology, Food Microbiology, Horses/microbiology, Humans, Meat/microbiology, Sheep/microbiology, Tunisia, Turkeys/microbiology, beta-Lactamases/genetics Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jouini,A., Vinue,L., Slama,K. B., Saenz,Y., Klibi,N., Hammami,S., Boudabous,A., Torres,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20070913 PMCID Editors
Characterization of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolates in the Republic of Korea during 2008-2011	2014	Division of Enteric Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Osong 363-951, Republic of Korea.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Microbiol.Biotechnol. Pub Date Free Form 28-Mar Volume 24 Issue 3 Start Page 421 Other Pages 426 Notes JID: 9431852; 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (DNA, Bacterial); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); ppublish Place of Publication Korea (South) ISSN/ISBN 1738-8872; 1017-7825 Accession Number PMID: 24509253 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.4014/jmb.1401.01023 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24509253 Abstract To characterize the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in diarrheagenic Escherichia coli from Korea in 2008-2011, we screened seven enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and one enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) that produce ESBLs from a nationwide survey. All eight isolates produced CTX-M-type ESBLs, including CTX-M-12 (n = 4), CTX-M-14 (n = 2), and CTX-M-15 (n = 2). PCR-based replicon typing indicated that the blaCTX-M-12 genes of four ETEC isolates were carried on a conjugative IncF plasmid, whereas the blaCTX-M-14 of one EAEC was located on an IncK plasmid. This is the first report of the occurrence of blaCTX-M genes in clinical isolates of EAEC in Korea. The ESBL-producing isolates were shown to be different based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing, whereas the four isolates with CTX-M-12 were clonally related. These observations raise an alarm for the spread of plasmid-mediated resistance to ESBL among diarrheagenic E. coli. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kim,J.S., Kim,J., Kim,S.J., Jeon,S.E., Oh,K.H., Cho,S.H., Kang,Y.H., Han,S.Y., Chung,G.T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Characterization of Escherichia coli-Producing Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Isolated from Chicken Slaughterhouses in South Korea	2015	1 KU Center for Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University , Seoul, Korea.; 1 KU Center for Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University , Seoul, Korea.; 2 Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Food and Drug Administratio	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Foodborne pathogens and disease Periodical, Abbrev. Foodborne Pathog.Dis. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 12 Issue 9 Start Page 741 Other Pages 748 Notes JID: 101120121; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2015/07/28 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1556-7125; 1535-3141 Accession Number PMID: 26219023 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1089/fpd.2014.1921 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26219023 Abstract In South Korea, few reports have indicated the occurrence and characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in food-producing animals, particularly in poultry slaughterhouses. In this study, we investigated the occurrence and antibiotic resistance of ESBL-producing E. coli from whole chicken carcasses (n=156) and fecal samples (n=39) of chickens obtained from 2 slaughterhouses. Each sample enriched in buffered peptone water was cultured on MacConkey agar with 2 mg/L cefotaxime and ESBL agar. ESBL production and antibiotic susceptibility were determined using the Trek Diagnostics system. The ESBL genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the bla(SHV), bla(TEM), and bla(CTX-M) gene sequences. Subtyping using a repetitive sequence-based PCR system (DiversiLab) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were used to assess the interspecific biodiversity of isolates. Sixty-two ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were obtained from 156 samples (39.7%). No bla(SHV) genes were detected in any of the isolates, whereas all contained the bla(TEM) gene. Twenty-five strains (40.3%) harbored the CTX-M group 1 gene. The most prevalent MLST sequence type (ST) was ST 93 (14.5%), followed by ST 117 (9.7%) and ST 2303 (8.1%). This study reveals a high occurrence and beta-lactams resistance rate of E. coli in fecal samples and whole chickens collected from slaughterhouses in South Korea. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lim,J.S., Choi,D.S., Kim,Y.J., Chon,J.W., Kim,H.S., Park,H.J., Moon,J.S., Wee,S.H., Seo,K.H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150728 PMCID Editors
Characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli obtained from Danish pigs, pig farmers and their families from farms with high or no consumption of third- or fourth-generation cephalosporins	2014	Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark ama@ssi.dk.; Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.; National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Soborg, Denmark.; Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Statens Serum Institut, Copenh	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy Periodical, Abbrev. J.Antimicrob.Chemother. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 69 Issue 10 Start Page 2650 Other Pages 2657 Notes CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 7513617; 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (Cephalosporins); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/06/07 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1460-2091; 0305-7453 Accession Number PMID: 24908045 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/jac/dku180 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24908045 Abstract OBJECTIVES: To compare and characterize extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli from pigsties, pig farmers and their families on farms with previous high or no use of third- or fourth-generation cephalosporins. METHODS: Twenty farms with no third- or fourth-generation cephalosporin use and 19 herds with previous frequent use were included. The ESBL-producing isolates detected in humans and pigs were characterized by ESBL genotype, PFGE, susceptibility to non-beta-lactam antibiotics and phylotype, and selected isolates were characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Furthermore, transferability of bla(CTX-M-)1 from both human and pig isolates was studied and plasmid incompatibility groups were defined. The volunteers answered a questionnaire including epidemiological risk factors for carriage of ESBL-producing E. coli. RESULTS: ESBL-producing E. coli was detected in pigs on 79% of the farms with high consumption of cephalosporins compared with 20% of the pigs on farms with no consumption. ESBL-producing E. coli was detected in 19 of the 195 human participants and all but one had contact with pigs. The genes found in both humans and pigs at the same farms were blaCTX-M-1 (eight farms), bla(CTX-M-14) (one farm) and bla(SHV-12) (one farm). At four farms ESBL-producing E. coli isolates with the same CTX-M enzyme, phylotype, PFGE type and MLST type were detected in both pigs and farmers. The majority of the plasmids with bla(CTX-M-1) were transferable by conjugation and belonged to incompatibility group IncI1, IncF, or IncN. CONCLUSIONS: The present study shows an increased frequency of ESBL-producing E. coli on farms with high consumption of third- or fourth-generation cephalosporins and indicates transfer of either ESBL-producing E. coli or plasmids between pigs and farmers. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Data Source Authors Hammerum,A.M., Larsen,J., Andersen,V.D., Lester,C.H., Skovgaard Skytte,T.S., Hansen,F., Olsen,S.S., Mordhorst,H., Skov,R.L., Aarestrup,F.M., Agerso,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140607 PMCID Editors
Characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes found among Escherichia coli isolates from duck and environmental samples obtained on a duck farm	2012	College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Applied and Environmental Microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Appl.Environ.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 78 Issue 10 Start Page 3668 Other Pages 3673 Notes LR: 20150225; GENBANK/HQ833651; GENBANK/JN232518; JID: 7605801; 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (DNA Transposable Elements); 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (beta-Lactams); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); OID: NLM: PMC3346353; 2012/03/09 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-5336; 0099-2240 Accession Number PMID: 22407683 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1128/AEM.07507-11 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22407683 Abstract In this study, we focused on evaluating the occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in fecal samples of healthy ducks and environmental samples from a duck farm in South China. Duck cloacal swabs and pond water samples were cultivated on MacConkey agar plates supplemented with ceftiofur. Individual colonies were examined for ESBL production. Bacteria identified as E. coli were screened for the presence of ESBL and plasmid-borne AmpC genes. The genetic relatedness, plasmid replicon type, and genetic background were determined. Of 245 samples analyzed, 123 had E. coli isolates with ceftiofur MICs higher than 8 mug/ml (116 [50.4%] from 230 duck samples and 7 [46.7%] from 15 water samples). bla(CTX-M), bla(SHV-12), bla(CMY-2), and bla(DHA-1) were identified in 108, 5, 9, and 1 isolates, respectively. The most common bla(CTX-M) genes were bla(CTX-M-27) (n = 34), bla(CTX-M-55) (n = 27), bla(CTX-M-24e) (n = 22), and bla(CTX-M-105) (n = 20), followed by bla(CTX-M-14a), bla(CTX-M-14b), bla(CTX-M-24a), and bla(CTX-M-24b). Although most of the CTX-M producers had distinct pulsotypes, clonal transmission between duck and water isolates was observed. bla(CTX-M) genes were carried by transferable IncN, IncF, and untypeable plasmids. The novel CTX-M gene bla(CTX-M-105) was flanked by two hypothetical protein sequences, partial ISEcp1 upstream and truncated IS903D, iroN, orf1, and a Tn1721-like element downstream. It is suggested that the horizontal transfer of bla(CTX-M) genes mediated by mobile elements and the clonal spread of CTX-M-producing E. coli isolates contributed to the dissemination of bla(CTX-M) in the duck farm. Our findings highlight the importance of ducks for the dissemination of transferable antibiotic resistance genes into the environment. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ma,J., Liu,J.H., Lv,L., Zong,Z., Sun,Y., Zheng,H., Chen,Z., Zeng,Z.L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120309 PMCID PMC3346353 Editors
Characterization of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Retail Foods in Shaanxi Province, China	2015	College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture-Forest University, Shaanxi 72100, People's Republic of China.; College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture-Forest University, Shaanxi 72100, People's Republic of China.; Col	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of food protection Periodical, Abbrev. J.Food Prot. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 78 Issue 5 Start Page 1018 Other Pages 1023 Notes JID: 7703944; 0 (Anti-Infective Agents); 0 (Bacterial Proteins); 0 (Cephalosporins); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase CTX-2); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase TEM-3); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1944-9097; 0362-028X Accession Number PMID: 25951400 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-490 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25951400 Abstract Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli strains have been reported worldwide; however, the incidence and characterization of foodborne ESBL-producing E. coli strains have been rarely reported in the People's Republic of China. Among a collection of 659 E. coli isolates recovered from retail foods in Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China, 223 cefoxitin-resistant and/or cefoperazone-resistant isolates were screened for ESBL production with the double disk diffusion test. The ESBL-producing isolates were characterized for antimicrobial resistance and the presence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes. Isolates with blaCTX-M were further classified by PCR as having blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-2, blaCTX-M-8, blaCTX-M-9, or blaCTX-M-25. One hundred forty-seven isolates were identified as ESBL positive. PCR detection revealed that 146 isolates (99.3%) contained the blaCTX-M gene. Among these isolates, 42 (28.8%) were positive for the enzyme CTX-M-1, 5 (3.4%) for CTX-M-2, and 99 (67.8%) for CTX-M-9. No CTX-M-8 and CTX-M-25 were found in this study. One hundred fifteen isolates (78.2%) were positive for the blaTEM gene, but blaSHV was not detected. Among the 147 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, 75 (51.0%), 35 (23.8%), and 4 (2.7%) isolates were positive for blaTEM and blaCTX-M-9, blaTEM and blaCTX-M-1, and blaTEM and blaCTX-M-2, respectively. All of the 147 ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to three or more non-beta-lactam antibiotics. This study provides evidence that foodborne E. coli can harbor ESBL-encoding genes. Thus, food could be a vehicle for the dissemination of ESBL-producing E. coli strains, a situation that requires surveillance and appropriate management strategies. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Xi,M., Wu,Q., Wang,X., Yang,B., Xia,X., Li,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from artisanal Travnik young cheeses, sweet creams and sweet kajmaks over four seasons	2014	University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: amarela@imgge.bg.ac.rs.; University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engi	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Food Microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Food Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 39 Issue Start Page 27 Other Pages 38 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 8601127; 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/02/16 [received]; 2013/10/07 [revised]; 2013/10/30 [accepted]; 2013/11/13 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1095-9998; 0740-0020 Accession Number PMID: 24387849 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.fm.2013.10.011 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24387849 Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the composition of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in autochthonous young cheeses, sweet creams and sweet kajmaks produced in the Vlasic mountain region of central Bosnia and Herzegovina near the town of Travnik over a four season period. These three products were made from cow's milk by a traditional method without the addition of a starter culture. Preliminary characterization with phenotype-based assays and identification using rep-PCR with a (GTG)5 primer and 16S rDNA sequence analysis were undertaken for 460 LAB isolates obtained from all the examined samples. Fifteen species were identified as follows: Lactococcus lactis, Lactococcus raffinolactis, Lactococcus garviae, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus helveticus, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus italicus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, Leuconostoc lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus and Streptococcus mitis. A wide genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity of the species was observed, particularly within the Lc. lactis strains. In all of the tested dairy products across four seasons, a significantly positive correlation (r = 0.690) between the presence of lactococci and enterococci and a negative correlation (r = 0.722) between the presence of lactococci and leuconostocs were recorded. Forty-five percent of the lactobacilli and 54.4% of the lactococci exhibited proteolytic activity, whereas 18.7% of the total LAB isolates exhibited antimicrobial activity. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Terzic-Vidojevic,A., Mihajlovic,S., Uzelac,G., Veljovic,K., Tolinacki,M., Nikolic,M., Topisirovic,L., Kojic,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131113 PMCID Editors
Characterization of plasmids encoding extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and their addiction systems circulating among Escherichia coli clinical isolates in the UK	2012	Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring & Reference Laboratory, HPA-Colindale, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK. michel.doumith@hpa.org.uk	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy Periodical, Abbrev. J.Antimicrob.Chemother. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 67 Issue 4 Start Page 878 Other Pages 885 Notes JID: 7513617; 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (DNA, Bacterial); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2011/12/29 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1460-2091; 0305-7453 Accession Number PMID: 22210753 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/jac/dkr553 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22210753 Abstract OBJECTIVES: To characterize plasmids encoding extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) from a recent UK collection of clinical Escherichia coli isolates. METHODS: The isolates comprised 118 ESBL producers referred from 54 laboratories. Plasmids were transferred by electroporation, and their incompatibility groups, associated addiction systems and resistance genes with the flanking genetic environments were identified by PCR or sequencing. RESULTS: Seventy isolates had plasmids encoding CTX-M-15 (n = 53), CTX-M-14 (n =9), CTX-M-27 (n = 1), CTX-M-3 (n = 2) and SHV-12 (n = 5) ESBLs that were transformable; non-transformable ESBLs were mainly CTX-M enzymes (42/48). Most transformable bla(CTX-M-15) genes (43/53) were harboured on single replicon or multireplicon IncF plasmids, with IncFIA4-FIB1-FII31 (n = 11) and IncFIA1-FII2 (n = 15) being most frequent; the latter included eight pEK499 plasmids, typical of UK epidemic strain A. Plasmids harbouring bla(CTX-M-14) belonged variously to IncF, IncI1 and IncHI2 types, and 16 encoding CTX-M or SHV enzymes were non-typeable. Only IncF plasmid types carried the addiction systems sought and those with bla(CTX-M-15) frequently harboured bla(OXA-1) and aac(6')-Ib-cr, and often transferred trimethoprim and tetracycline resistance; those with bla(CTX-M-14) encoded trimethoprim, sulphonamide, streptomycin and tetracycline resistance. Most ESBL genes were associated with the well-known mobile elements ISEcp1 and IS26, but nearly half (23/55) of the ISEcp1 sequences upstream of bla(CTX-M-15) were interrupted by an IS26 at various positions. CONCLUSIONS: Most ESBLs (70/118) were encoded by transformable plasmids, although a sizable minority could not be transformed. The majority of transformable plasmids (51/70; 72.9%) were diverse multiresistant IncF types possessing multiple addiction systems. The spread of bla(CTX-M-15) can be attributed not just to clonal expansion, but also to the horizontal dissemination of related plasmids. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Doumith,M., Dhanji,H., Ellington,M.J., Hawkey,P., Woodford,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20111229 PMCID Editors
Characterization of Sphingomonas isolates from Finnish and Swedish drinking water distribution systems	2000	Koskinen, R., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dept. of Clinical Veterinary Sci., Pharmacology and Toxicology, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of applied microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Appl.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form 2000/ Volume 89 Issue 4 Start Page 687 Other Pages 696 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1364-5072 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Sphingomonas Species were commonly isolated from biofilms in drinking water distribution systems in Finland (three water meters) and Sweden (five water taps in different buildings). The Sphingomonas isolates (n = 38) were characterized by chemotaxonomic, physiological and phylogenetic methods. Fifteen isolates were designated to species Sphingomonas aromaticivorans, seven isolates to S. subterranea, two isolates to S. xenophaga and one isolate to S. stygia. Thirteen isolates represented one or more new species of Sphingomonas. Thirty-three isolates out of 38 grew at 5Â°C on trypticase soy broth agar (TSBA) and may therefore proliferate in the Nordic drinking water pipeline where the temperature typically ranges from 2 to 12 Â°C. Thirty-three isolates out of 38 grew at 37 Â°C on TSBA and 15 isolates also grew on blood agar at 37 Â°C. Considering the potentially pathogenic features of sphingomonas, their presence in drinking water distribution systems may not be desirable. Descriptors drinking water, article, bacterium isolation, biofilm, Finland, nonhuman, Sphingomonas, Sweden, water contamination Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Koskinen,R., TAli-Vehmas,, KÃ¤mpfer,P., Laurikkala,M., Tsitko,I., Kostyal,E., Atroshi,F., Salkinoja-Salonen,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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