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Central adiposity is associated with increased risk of esophageal inflammation, metaplasia, and adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis 2013 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association
Periodical, Abbrev.
Clin.Gastroenterol.Hepatol.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
11
Issue
11
Start Page
1399
Other Pages
14120000000
Notes
LR: 20150426; CI: Copyright (c) 2013; GR: RC4 DK090413/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: RC4DK090413/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; JID: 101160775; NIHMS526701; OID: NLM: NIHMS526701; OID: NLM: PMC3873801; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/03/20 [received]; 2013/05/07
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1542-7714; 1542-3565
Accession Number
PMID: 23707461
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.cgh.2013.05.009 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23707461
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Central adiposity has been implicated as a risk factor for Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), possibly promoting the progression from inflammation to metaplasia and neoplasia. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies to evaluate the association between central adiposity and erosive esophagitis (EE), BE, and EAC, specifically exploring body mass index (BMI)-independent and gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)-independent effects of central adiposity on the risk of these outcomes. METHODS: We performed a systematic search of multiple databases through March 2013. Studies were included if they reported effect of central adiposity (visceral adipose tissue area, waist-hip ratio, and/or waist circumference) on the risk of EE, BE, and EAC. Summary adjusted odds ratio (aOR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), comparing highest category of adiposity with the lowest category of adiposity, were calculated by using random-effects model. RESULTS: Forty relevant articles were identified. Compared with patients with normal body habitus, patients with central adiposity had a higher risk of EE (19 studies; aOR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.51-2.31) and BE (17 studies; aOR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.52-2.57). The association between central adiposity and BE persisted after adjusting for BMI (5 studies; aOR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.20-2.95). Reflux-independent association of central adiposity and BE was observed in studies that used GERD patients as controls or adjusted for GERD symptoms (11 studies; aOR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.44-2.90). In 6 studies, central adiposity was associated with higher risk of EAC (aOR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.54-4.06), compared with normal body habitus. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of a meta-analysis, central adiposity, independent of BMI, is associated with esophageal inflammation (EE), metaplasia (BE), and neoplasia (EAC). Its effects are mediated by reflux-dependent and reflux-independent mechanisms.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Singh,S., Sharma,A.N., Murad,M.H., Buttar,N.S., El-Serag,H.B., Katzka,D.A., Iyer,P.G.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130522
PMCID
PMC3873801
Editors
Central and peripheral cardiovascular changes immediately after waterpipe smoking 2014 Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences .
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Inhalation toxicology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Inhal.Toxicol.
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
26
Issue
10
Start Page
579
Other Pages
587
Notes
JID: 8910739; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1091-7691; 0895-8378
Accession Number
PMID: 25144473
Language
eng
SubFile
Clinical Trial; Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.3109/08958378.2014.936572 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25144473
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tobacco cigarette smoking is a global health problem that kills millions each year. Recently, tobacco smoking using a waterpipe (WP) has become popular worldwide. However, unlike cigarettes, the cardiovascular (CV) risks associated with WP smoking are uncertain. In this study, the immediate effects of WP smoking on central and peripheral CV indices were evaluated in 53 young healthy smokers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Strain-gauge plethysmography was used to measure forearm blood flow (Bf), vascular resistance (Vr), and venous capacitance (Vc) and outflow (Vf) at rest (R) and after occlusion (Oc), whereas heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured using standard automated auscultatory methods immediately before and after a 30-min WP smoking session. RESULTS: Smoking resulted in HR, diastolic BP, mean arterial BP, rate pressure product and OcVr increases (p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Alomari,M.A., Khabour,O.F., Alzoubi,K.H., Shqair,D.M., Eissenberg,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Central nervous system involvement in patients with decompression illness 2003 Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Hyperbaric Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Sangyo eiseigaku zasshi = Journal of occupational health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Sangyo Eiseigaku Zasshi
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
45
Issue
3
Start Page
97
Other Pages
104
Notes
LR: 20061115; JID: 9507473; RF: 54; ppublish
Place of Publication
Japan
ISSN/ISBN
1341-0725; 1341-0725
Accession Number
PMID: 12833851
Language
jpn
SubFile
English Abstract; Journal Article; Review; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
12833851
Abstract
Dysbarism or decompression illness (DCI), a general term applied to all pathological changes secondary to altered environmental pressure, has two forms decompression sickness (DCS) and arterial gas embolism (AGE) after pulmonary barotrauma. Cerebral and spinal disorders have been symptomatically categorized as AGE and DCS, respectively. Magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of divers with DCI showed multiple cerebral infarction in the terminal and border zones of the brain arteries. In addition, there were no differences between MRI findings for compressed air and breath-hold divers. Although the pathogenesis of the brain is not well understood, we propose that arterialized bubbles passing through the lungs and heart involved the brain. From the mechanisms of bubble formation, however, this disorder has been classified as DCS. We propose that there is a difference between clinical and mechanical diagnoses in the criteria of brain DCI. In contrast to brain injury, the spinal cord is involved only in compressed air divers, and is caused by disturbed venous circulation due to bubbles in the epidural space. The best approach to prevent diving accidents is to make known the problems for professional and amateur divers.
Descriptors
Central Nervous System/pathology, Decompression Sickness/diagnosis/etiology/pathology/therapy, Diving/adverse effects, Embolism, Air/diagnosis/etiology/pathology/therapy, Humans, Hyperbaric Oxygenation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Occupational Exposure/adverse effects
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Kohshi,K., Katoh,T., Abe,H., Wong,R. M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Cerebellar infarction presenting as inner ear decompression sickness following scuba diving: a case report 2014 Service de medecine hyperbare et expertise plongee, hopital d'instruction des Armees Sainte-Anne, BP 600, 83800 Toulon cedex 9, France. Electronic address: gempp@voila.fr.; Service de medecine hyperbare et expertise plongee, hopital d'instruction des Arme
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases
Periodical, Abbrev.
Eur.Ann.Otorhinolaryngol.Head.Neck.Dis.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
131
Issue
5
Start Page
313
Other Pages
315
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 101531465; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/03/05 [received]; 2013/04/10 [revised]; 2013/06/09 [accepted]; 2014/06/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
France
ISSN/ISBN
1879-730X; 1879-7296
Accession Number
PMID: 24954030
Language
eng
SubFile
Case Reports; Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.anorl.2013.06.005 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24954030
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Inner ear decompression sickness following scuba diving is not uncommon and the characteristic features of this disorder are acute peripheral vestibular syndrome, sometimes associated with cochlear signs, requiring urgent hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Cerebellar infarction can also mimic isolated peripheral vestibulopathy. CASE REPORT: The authors report the case of a 47-year-old man in good general health admitted with acute left vestibular dysfunction suggestive of inner ear decompression sickness 6 hours after scuba diving. Normal videonystagmography and delayed onset of occipital headache finally led to brain MRI that confirmed the presence of recent ischaemic infarction in the territory of the medial branch of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Complementary investigations revealed the presence of a patent foramen ovale with atrial septal aneurysm. No underlying atherosclerotic disease or clotting abnormalities were observed. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Cerebellar infarction can present clinically with features of inner ear decompression sickness following scuba diving. An underlying air embolism mechanism cannot be excluded, particularly in patients with a large right-to-left circulatory shunt and no other cardiovascular risk factors.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Masson SAS
Data Source
Authors
Gempp,E., Louge,P., Soulier,B., Alla,P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140618
PMCID
Editors
Cerebral arterial gas embolism in a professional diver with a persistent foramen ovale 2015 Lorn Medical Centre Soroba Road, Oban Argyll PA34 4HE, Scotland, E-mail: colinwilson@tiscali.co.uk.; West Scotland Centre for Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunbeg, Oban, Argyll, Scotland.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Diving and hyperbaric medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Diving.Hyperb.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
45
Issue
2
Start Page
124
Other Pages
126
Notes
JID: 101282742; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/03/20 [received]; 2015/04/26 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Australia
ISSN/ISBN
1833-3516; 1833-3516
Accession Number
PMID: 26165536
Language
eng
SubFile
Case Reports; Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26165536
Abstract
A 33-year-old, male professional scallop diver diving on the Outer Hebrides in Scotland rapidly developed symptoms of cerebral arterial gas embolism following a provocative dive with possibly a fast ascent. During transfer by helicopter to the mainland for treatment, his symptoms improved on surface oxygen. He was recompressed on a Royal Navy Treatment Table 62 (RN TT62) with complete resolution. Just over six weeks later, again diving on the Outer Hebrides and after adopting more conservative diving practices, he developed symptoms and signs of vestibular decompression sickness after a problem-free dive, with dizziness, poor co-ordination and gait, nausea and vomiting, and rotational vertigo. He was again transported to the mainland for recompression treatment. He received an extended RN TT62 and required fi ve further Comex 12 (223 kPa) hyperbaric oxygen treatments over the following three days before he was symptom free. A 4 mm persistent foramen ovale (PFO) was subsequently diagnosed and he underwent successful closure of the defect with Amplatzer device and returned to commercial diving a year later.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Wilson,C.M., Sayer,M.Dj
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Cessation among smokers of "light" cigarettes: results from the 2000 national health interview survey 2006 University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. tindleha@upmc.edu
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
American Journal of Public Health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Am.J.Public Health
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
96
Issue
8
Start Page
1498
Other Pages
1504
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 1254074; 0 (Tars); 0 (tobacco tar); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OID: NLM: PMC1522106; 2006/06/29 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1541-0048; 0090-0036
Accession Number
PMID: 16809583
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; AIM; IM
DOI
AJPH.2005.072785 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
16809583
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: A large proportion of smokers erroneously believe that low-nicotine/low-tar cigarettes, also called "light cigarettes" or "lights," reduce health risks and are a rational alternative to smoking cessation. However, the availability of light cigarettes may deter smoking cessation. METHODS: We analyzed the 32374 responses to the US 2000 National Health Interview Survey. Current and former smokers ("ever-smokers") were asked if they had ever used a lower tar and nicotine cigarette to reduce health risks. Multivariable logistic regression identified determinants of lights use and smoking cessation. Results were weighted to reflect the national population. RESULTS: Of 12285 ever-smokers, 37% (N=4414) reported having used light cigarettes to reduce health risks. Current abstinence was less often reported by ever-smokers who had previously used light cigarettes than by ever-smokers who had never used lights (37% vs 53%, P<.01). Adjusted odds of cessation among ever-smokers who had used light cigarettes relative to those who had never used lights were reduced by 54% (adjusted odds ratio=0.46, 95% confidence interval=0.41, 0.51). CONCLUSIONS: Use of light cigarettes was common and was associated with lower odds of current smoking cessation, validating the concern that smokers may use lights as an alternative to cessation.
Descriptors
Adult, Aged, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nicotine/analysis, Risk Factors, Risk Reduction Behavior, Smoking Cessation/ethnology/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tars/analysis, Tobacco/chemistry, Tobacco Industry, Tobacco Use Cessation/ethnology/psychology/statistics & numerical data, United States/epidemiology
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Tindle,H. A., Rigotti,N. A., Davis,R. B., Barbeau,E. M., Kawachi,I., Shiffman,S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20060629
PMCID
PMC1522106
Editors
Cessation related perceptions and behavior of former and current smokeless tobacco users 1997 Department of Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of American college health : J of ACH
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Am.Coll.Health
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
46
Issue
3
Start Page
133
Other Pages
138
Notes
LR: 20061115; JID: 8214119; ppublish
Place of Publication
UNITED STATES
ISSN/ISBN
0744-8481; 0744-8481
Accession Number
PMID: 9394091
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1080/07448489709595599 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
9394091
Abstract
Four hundred fourteen former and 73 current users of smokeless tobacco were questioned about their experiences in giving up smokeless tobacco. Their responses were compared with those of 463 ex-smokers to determine whether former smokeless tobacco users differed from former smokers in using specific cessation techniques. Of the smokeless tobacco users, 77% were interested in quitting, but only 7% wanted to quit "now." Seven percent of the daily users reported that a college-based health or fitness professional had advised them to quit. Former smokeless tobacco users were significantly more likely than former smokers to report that smoking cigarettes was related to their efforts to give up smokeless tobacco than former smokers were to report using smokeless tobacco as a strategy to stop smoking, Former smokeless tobacco users were also significantly more likely than former smokers to report current tobacco use. Smokeless tobacco cessation programs based on the transtheoretical approach to behavior change are recommended.
Descriptors
Adult, Data Collection, Health Behavior, Humans, Male, Plants, Toxic, Smoking/psychology, Smoking Cessation/methods, Students/psychology, Tobacco, Smokeless
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Chakravorty,B., Chakravorty,S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Challenges in global improvement of oral cancer outcomes: findings from rural Northern India 2012
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tob Induc Dis
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
10
Issue
Start Page
5
Other Pages
5
Notes
ID: 22494988
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In India, 72% of the population resides in rural areas and 30-40% of cancers are found in the oral cavity. The majority of Haryana residents live in villages where inadequate medical facilities, no proper primary care infrastructure or cancer screening tools and high levels of illiteracy all contribute to poor oral cancer (OC) outcomes. In this challenging environment, the objective of this study was to assess the association between various risk factors for OC among referrals for suscipious lesions and to design and pilot test a collaborative community-based effort to identify suspicious lesions for OC. SETTING: Community-based cross sectional OC screening. PARTICIPANTS: With help from the Department of Health (DOH), Haryana and the local communities, we visited three villages and recruited 761 participants of ages 45-95 years. PARTICIPANTS received a visual oral cancer examination and were interviewed about their dental/medical history and personal habits. Pregnant women, children and males/females below 45 years old with history of OC were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME: Presence of a suspicious oral lesion. RESULTS: Out of 761 participants, 42 (5.5%) were referred to a local dentist for follow-up of suspicious lesions. Males were referred more than females. The referral group had more bidi and hookah smokers than non smokers as compared to non referral group. The logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking bidi and hookah (OR = 3.06 and 4.42) were statistically significant predictors for suspicious lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco use of various forms in rural, northern India was found to be quite high and a main risk factor for suspicious lesions. The influence of both the DOH and community participation was crucial in motivating people to seek care for OC.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Dangi,Jyoti, Kinnunen,Taru H., Zavras,Athanasios I.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Challenges in responding to the ebola epidemic - four rural counties, Liberia, August-November 2014 2014
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
19-Dec
Volume
63
Issue
50
Start Page
1202
Other Pages
1204
Notes
JID: 7802429; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 25522089
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
mm6350a5 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25522089
Abstract
The first cases of Ebola virus disease (Ebola) in West Africa were identified in Guinea on March 22, 2014. On March 30, the first Liberian case was identified in Foya Town, Lofa County, near the Guinean border. Because the majority of early cases occurred in Lofa and Montserrado counties, resources were concentrated in these counties during the first several months of the response, and these counties have seen signs of successful disease control. By October 2014, the epidemic had reached all 15 counties of Liberia. During August 27-September 10, 2014, CDC in collaboration with the Liberian Ministry of Health and Social Welfare assessed county Ebola response plans in four rural counties (Grand Cape Mount, Grand Bassa, Rivercess, and Sinoe, to identify county-specific challenges in executing their Ebola response plans, and to provide recommendations and training to enhance control efforts. Assessments were conducted through interviews with county health teams and health care providers and visits to health care facilities. At the time of assessment, county health teams reported lacking adequate training in core Ebola response strategies and reported facing many challenges because of poor transportation and communication networks. Development of communication and transportation network strategies for communities with limited access to roads and limited means of communication in addition to adequate training in Ebola response strategies is critical for successful management of Ebola in remote areas.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Summers,A., Nyenswah,T.G., Montgomery,J.M., Neatherlin,J., Tappero,J.W., T,N., M,F., M,M., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Challenges to obtaining parental permission for child participation in a school-based waterpipe tobacco smoking prevention intervention in Qatar 2014 Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0237 Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon. ra15@aub.edu.lb.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC medical ethics
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Med.Ethics
Pub Date Free Form
30-Sep
Volume
15
Issue
Start Page
70
Other Pages
6939-15-70
Notes
LR: 20141204; JID: 101088680; OID: NLM: PMC4254406; 2014/04/16 [received]; 2014/09/24 [accepted]; 2014/09/30 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1472-6939; 1472-6939
Accession Number
PMID: 25267351
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; E; IM
DOI
10.1186/1472-6939-15-70 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25267351
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Involving children in research studies requires obtaining parental permission. A school-based intervention to delay/prevent waterpipe use for 7th and 8th graders in Qatar was developed, and parental permission requested. Fifty three percent (2308/4314) of the parents returned permission forms; of those 19.5% of the total (840/4314) granted permission. This paper describes the challenges to obtaining parental permission. No research to date has described such challenges in the Arab world. METHODS: A random sample of 40 schools in Doha, Qatar was selected for inclusion in the original intervention. Permission forms were distributed to parents for approval of their child's participation. The permission forms requested that parents indicate their reasons for non-permission if they declined. These were categorized into themes. In order to understand reasons for non-permission, interviews with parents were conducted. Phone numbers of parents were requested from the school administration; 12 of the 40 schools (30%) agreed to provide the contact information. A random sample of 28 parents from 12 schools was interviewed to reach data saturation. Thematic analysis was used to analyze their responses. RESULTS: Reasons for non-permission documented in both the forms and interviews included: poor timing; lack of interest; the child not wanting to participate; and the child living in a smoke-free environment. Interviews provided information on important topics to include in the consent forms, parents' decision-making processes regarding their child's participation, and considerations for communicating with parents. Many parents also indicated that this was the first time they had been asked to give an informed consent for their child's participation in a study. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that more attention needs to be given to the informed parental consent process. Researchers should consider enhancing both the methods of communicating information as well the specific information provided. Before embarking on recruitment of children for studies, formative research on the parental consent process is suggested.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Nakkash,R.T., Al Mulla,A., Torossian,L., Karhily,R., Shuayb,L., Mahfoud,Z.R., Janahi,I., Al Ansari,A.A., Afifi,R.A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140930
PMCID
PMC4254406
Editors