WTS database

Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
RepÃ©rer les comportements addictifs chez les adolescentsÂ : enquÃªte en milieu lycÃ©en	2011		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Arch Pediatr Periodical, Abbrev. Arch.Pediatr. Pub Date Free Form Volume 18 Issue 7 Start Page 737 Other Pages 44 Notes ID: 21652184 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language fr SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract French epidemiological data show that adolescents today experiment with tobacco at an earlier age than in the 1990s. Half of them combine tobacco consumption with other psychoactive products such as alcohol or cannabis. Tobacco consumption usually begins in adolescence and early smoking initiation is related to stronger nicotine dependence and problems quitting in adulthood. Occasional tobacco consumption rapidly leads to nicotine dependence. The national smoking cessation questionnaire is a tool to assess addictive behaviors among adolescents. It includes validated scales such as the loss of autonomy over tobacco and psychological evaluation. The aim of this school-based study was to assess addictive behaviors among adolescents (specifically loss of autonomy over tobacco) and psychological profile. Data were collected from a cross-sectional study conducted in a high school in the Paris metropolitan area (Nogent-sur-Marne) in 2007 by the smoking cessation team of the Albert-Chenevier Hospital. Three hundred adolescents filled in a questionnaire concerning tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis consumption as well as their psychological profile. Loss of autonomy over tobacco use was evaluated with the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC). Anxiety and depressive disorders were identified using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD). Self-administered questionnaires were anonymously completed in the classroom by 151 girls and 149 boys aged 15-16 years (mean, 15.4 years): 34% of the adolescents smoked and most of them smoked at least one cigarette a day; 38% had used cannabis at least once in their life and one-third of them smoked more than 10 cannabis joints per month. Adolescents who frequently smoked cannabis had started smoking tobacco earlier than the other smokers (mean, 11.7 years versus 13.2 years). Adolescents often used different tobacco products. Manufactured cigarettes were the most frequently used, followed by shisha (waterpipe) and hand-rolled cigarettes. Among those who only smoked shisha, 76% had declared being non-smokers. Alcohol was the first psychoactive drug experimented by these adolescents; 73% had used alcohol at least once in their life and 10% used alcohol several times a week. According to the HONC, 94% of the smokers had lost control of their tobacco consumption. Concerning anxiety and depressive disorders, anxiety and depression scores were higher among smokers than non-smokers. Less than 6% of never-smokers had a depression score greater than 8 compared to 26% of adolescents smoking cannabis more than 10 times a month. The rapidity of the loss of autonomy among young smokers emphasizes the need for early interventions for tobacco prevention and cessation among adolescents. Tobacco use was often associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms, suggesting a need for professional support. The national smoking cessation questionnaire may be helpful in pediatric wards and consultations. Descriptors Alcoholism/diagnosis, Alcoholism/epidemiology, Behavior, Addictive/diagnosis, Behavior, Addictive/epidemiology, Marijuana Abuse/diagnosis, Marijuana Abuse/epidemiology, Smoking/epidemiology, Tobacco Use Disorder/diagnosis, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis, Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology, Comorbidity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder/diagnosis, Depressive Disorder/epidemiology, Female, France, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Smoking Cessation, Questionnaires Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2011.04.019 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors ChÃ©ron-Launay,M., Baha,M., Mautrait,C., Lagrue,G., Le Faou,A-L Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Replicon typing of plasmids in Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases	2009	Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6, Faculte de Medecine, Site Saint-Antoine, Laboratoire de Bacteriologie, EA 2392 Paris, France.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy Periodical, Abbrev. J.Antimicrob.Chemother. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 63 Issue 1 Start Page 67 Other Pages 71 Notes JID: 7513617; 0 (DNA Transposable Elements); 0 (DNA, Bacterial); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2008/10/18 [aheadofprint]; 2008/10/21 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1460-2091; 0305-7453 Accession Number PMID: 18931389 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/jac/dkn428 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18931389 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Escherichia coli producing CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-14 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are spreading worldwide. The aim of this work was to investigate the replicons involved in the emergence and spread of ESBLs in relation to ESBL type. METHODS: A collection of 125 TEM, SHV and CTX-M ESBL-producing E. coli strains was analysed. The replicons carrying the ESBLs and the total plasmid content of the strains have been characterized by PCR replicon typing in relation to the type of ESBL. The ESBL replicons were then compared with the replicon content of E. coli strains carrying TEM-1 or inhibitor-resistant TEM (IRT) beta-lactamases. RESULTS: IncF plasmids were the most frequently carried replicons in our collection, but none carried TEM ESBL. Of TEM ESBLs, 67% were carried on IncA/C replicons except for TEM-52 genes, which were carried preferentially on IncI1 replicons. Although CTX-M enzymes can be carried by various replicons, the great majority of genes encoding CTX-M-14 and CTX-M-15 ESBLs were carried by IncF replicons, as were TEM-1 and IRT beta-lactamases. CONCLUSIONS: Resistance genes borne by the narrow host-range IncF replicon spread readily as this replicon is well adapted to E. coli. This is observed for blaTEM-1 and blaCTX-M-15 and, to a lesser extent, for blaCTX-M-14. Transposition immunity seems to play an important role in the diffusion process. Descriptors DNA Transposable Elements, DNA, Bacterial/genetics, Escherichia coli/enzymology/genetics, Humans, Plasmids/classification, Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods, Replicon, beta-Lactamases/biosynthesis/genetics Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Marcade,G., Deschamps,C., Boyd,A., Gautier,V., Picard,B., Branger,C., Denamur,E., Arlet,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20081018 PMCID Editors
Reply: false positive result in study on hookah smoking and cancer in Kashmir: measuring risk of poor hygiene is not the same as measuring risk of inhaling water-filtered tobacco smoke all over the world	2013		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Br J Cancer Periodical, Abbrev. Br.J.Cancer Pub Date Free Form Volume 108 Issue 6 Start Page 1391 Other Pages 2 Notes ID: 23470467 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Dar,N A., Islami,F., Boffetta,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Reproductive toxicity to male mice of nose only exposure to water- pipe smoke	2015	Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khod, Oman.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology Periodical, Abbrev. Cell.Physiol.Biochem. Pub Date Free Form Volume 35 Issue 1 Start Page 29 Other Pages 37 Notes JID: 9113221; 0 (Antioxidants); 0 (Estrogens); 0 (Leptin); 0 (VEGFR2 protein, mouse); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 3XMK78S47O (Testosterone); 9002-67-9 (Luteinizing Hormone); EC 2.7.10.1 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2); EC 3.1.3.1 (Alkaline Phospha Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1421-9778; 1015-8987 Accession Number PMID: 25547785 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1159/000369672 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25547785 Abstract BACKGROUND/AIMS: Water-pipe smoking (WPS) is popular in the Middle East and is starting to gain popularity in several Western countries as well. It is widely and erroneously perceived to be less harmful than other forms of tobacco use. The reproductive adverse effects of cigarette smoking have been studied before with conflicting results, but data on the possible adverse reproductive effects of WPS are lacking. Here, we assessed the effects of nose-only exposure to mainstream WPS generated by commercially available honey-flavored "moasel" tobacco in mice. METHODS: The duration of the session was 30 min/day for one month. Control mice were exposed to air. Twenty-four h after the last exposure, mice were killed and the testes and plasma removed for analysis. In testicular homogenates total protein, alkaline phosphatase activity, several indices of oxidative damage and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 (VEGFR2) were quantified. The plasma concentrations of leptin, testosterone, estrogen and luteinizing hormone (LH) were also measured. Histological analysis of testes and lungs was also conducted. RESULTS: WPS caused statistically significant decreases in the plasma concentrations of leptin, testosterone, and LH, and in the concentrations of total protein and the antioxidant indices measured. A statistically non-significant decrease in VEGFR2 protein in the WPS--exposed mice compared to the control mice was also found. The body and testicular weights of mice exposed to WPS, as well as their testicular alkaline phosphatase activity and light microscopic histology, and plasma estrogen concentration were all not significantly affected by WPS. CONCLUSION: Further studies on the functional implications of these findings in mice exposed to WPS for longer durations are warranted. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ali,B.H., Adham,S.A., Al Balushi,K.A., Shalaby,A., Waly,M.I., Manoj,P., Beegam,S., Yuvaraju,P., Nemmar,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150102 PMCID Editors
Republished: Nicotine and health	2014		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMJ Periodical, Abbrev. BMJ Pub Date Free Form Volume 349 Issue Start Page 2014.7.0264rep Other Pages 2014.7.0264rep Notes ID: 25428425 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Nicotine, an alkaloid derived from the leaves of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana rustica) is the primary addictive agent in tobacco products.(1,2) There are different ways of administering the various products including smoking cigarettes, chewing tobacco, holding moist snuff in the mouth, inhaling dry snuff through the nose, inhaling smoke from a waterpipe and inhaling vapour from an electronic cigarette.(3-6) It can be difficult differentiating the effects of nicotine from the many other toxic substances these products also contain. Here we review the pharmacological effects of nicotine but we will not review the well-known harmful effects of cigarettes, where it is primarily the toxins and carcinogens in tobacco smoke rather than the nicotine that cause illness and death.(7) A future article will consider the use of electronic cigarettes. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2014.7.0264rep Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Republished: Nicotine and health	2014		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMJ (Clinical research ed.) Periodical, Abbrev. BMJ Pub Date Free Form 26-Nov Volume 349 Issue Start Page 2014.7.0264rep Other Pages Notes CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; JID: 8900488; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1756-1833; 0959-535X Accession Number PMID: 25428425 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1136/bmj.2014.7.0264rep [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25428425 Abstract Nicotine, an alkaloid derived from the leaves of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana rustica) is the primary addictive agent in tobacco products.(1,2) There are different ways of administering the various products including smoking cigarettes, chewing tobacco, holding moist snuff in the mouth, inhaling dry snuff through the nose, inhaling smoke from a waterpipe and inhaling vapour from an electronic cigarette.(3-6) It can be difficult differentiating the effects of nicotine from the many other toxic substances these products also contain. Here we review the pharmacological effects of nicotine but we will not review the well-known harmful effects of cigarettes, where it is primarily the toxins and carcinogens in tobacco smoke rather than the nicotine that cause illness and death.(7) A future article will consider the use of electronic cigarettes. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141126 PMCID Editors
Repurposing as a means to increase the activity of amphotericin B and caspofungin against Candida albicans biofilms	2014	Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, CMPG, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2460, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy Periodical, Abbrev. J.Antimicrob.Chemother. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 69 Issue 4 Start Page 1035 Other Pages 1044 Notes JID: 7513617; 0 (Androstenes); 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 7NFE54O27T (Toremifene); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); K7V8Y90G0H (perhexiline maleate); KU65374X44 (Perhexiline); N295J34A25 (drospirenone); OTO: NOTNLM; 20 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1460-2091; 0305-7453 Accession Number PMID: 24284780 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/jac/dkt449 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24284780 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Biofilms of Candida species, often formed on medical devices, are generally resistant to currently available antifungal drugs. The aim of this study was to identify compounds that increase the activity of amphotericin B and caspofungin, commonly used antifungal agents, against Candida biofilms. METHODS: A library containing off-patent drugs was screened for compounds, termed enhancers, that increase the in vitro activity of amphotericin B against Candida albicans biofilms. Biofilms were grown in 96-well plates and growth was determined by the cell titre blue assay. Synergy between identified enhancers and antifungal agents was further characterized in vitro using fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) values and in vivo using a worm biofilm infection model. In light of the application of these enhancers onto implants, their possible effect on the growth potential of MG63 osteoblast-like cells was assessed. RESULTS: Pre-incubation of C. albicans biofilms with subinhibitory concentrations of the enhancers drospirenone, perhexiline maleate or toremifene citrate significantly increased the activity of amphotericin B or caspofungin (FICI Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Delattin,N., De Brucker,K., Vandamme,K., Meert,E., Marchand,A., Chaltin,P., Cammue,B.P., Thevissen,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131127 PMCID Editors
Research report: Charcoal type used for hookah smoking influences CO production	2015		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc Periodical, Abbrev. Undersea Hyperb.Med. Pub Date Free Form Jul-Aug Volume 42 Issue 4 Start Page 375 Other Pages 380 Notes JID: 9312954; 16291-96-6 (Charcoal); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1066-2936; 1066-2936 Accession Number PMID: 26403022 Language eng SubFile Case Reports; Journal Article; Review; IM; S DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26403022 Abstract A hookah smoker who was treated for severe carbon monoxide poisoning with hyperbaric oxygen reported using a different type of charcoal prior to hospital admission, i.e., quick-light charcoal. This finding led to a study aimed at determining whether CO production differs between charcoals commonly used for hookah smoking, natural and quick-light. Our hypothesis was that quick-light charcoal produces significantly more CO than natural charcoal. A medium-sized hookah, activated charcoal filter, calibrated syringe, CO gas analyzer and infrared thermometer were assembled in series. A single 9-10 g briquette of either natural or quick-light charcoal was placed atop the hookah bowl and ignited. CO output (ppm) and temperature (degrees C) were measured in three-minute intervals over 90 minutes. The mean CO levels produced by quick-light charcoal over 90 minutes was significantly higher (3728 +/- 2028) compared to natural charcoal (1730 +/- 501 ppm, p = 0.016). However, the temperature was significantly greater when burning natural charcoal (292 +/- 87) compared to quick-light charcoal (247 +/- 92 degrees C, p = 0.013). The high levels of CO produced when using quick-light charcoals may be contributing to the increase in reported hospital admissions for severe CO poisoning. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Medford,M.A., Gasier,H.G., Hexdall,E., Moffat,A.D., Freiberger,J.J., Moon,R.E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Research strategies for magnetic fields and cancer	2005	FlÃ¨che Inc.,	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Risk Analysis Periodical, Abbrev. Risk Anal. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 25 Issue 1 Start Page 179 Other Pages 188 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0272-4332 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Widespread concerns about whether electric and magnetic fields (EMF) could adversely affect human health have been raised in epidemiologic studies reported since the 1980s. Possible EMF health effects have been widely publicized in the popular press since that time. We consider here three possible mechanisms of action of EMF on childhood leukemia. We identify the first as "magnetic fields": this hypothesis relates the average level of magnetic field to the incidence of childhood leukemia. We identify a second, recently proposed, mechanism as "contact current": this hypothesis relates the low voltage and consequent current that occurs on the domestic water pipe, due to U.S. grounding practices, as a source for exposure of children. The third hypothesis is that the relationship observed is spurious. Using a modified example taken from the work of Von Winterfeldt and Keeney, we use Decision Analysis to estimate the value of information for distinguishing between the three hypotheses. We believe that this improves on the usual process for deciding on research budgets. Depending on which hypothesis we favor a priori, the value of being informed ranges from $101 to $233 per "problem household." Since there could be as many as 2 million such households, the value of information for resolving this issue could approach half a billion dollars! We find that there is no value of information for finding the odds ratio given the contact current hypothesis. In writing this article, we have consciously kept the computations as simple as possible so as to engage the reader's attention and interest. In a penultimate section, we suggest numerous possible extensions for a group interested in discussing and deciding on the value of research on the relationship between magnetic fields and cancer. Â© 2005 Society for Risk Analysis. Descriptors adolescent, adult, cancer risk, child, childhood cancer, childhood leukemia, decision theory, electromagnetic field, environmental exposure, female, high risk population, household, human, leukemia, magnetic field, major clinical study, male, model, probability, research, review Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Peck,S. C., Kavet,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Residential smoking therapy	2003	Received from Ambulatory Care Service, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of general internal medicine Periodical, Abbrev. J.Gen.Intern.Med. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 18 Issue 4 Start Page 275 Other Pages 280 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 8605834; OID: NLM: PMC1494850; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0884-8734; 0884-8734 Accession Number PMID: 12709094 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Journal Article; IM DOI jgi11114 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 12709094 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a pilot 4-day residential smoking treatment program for smokers who had relapsed after participation in an outpatient smoking program. DESIGN: A single-arm clinical trial. Participants stayed in a supportive, smoke-free environment for 4 days during which they attended educational sessions on nutrition, exercise, and psychology. Nicotine withdrawal was treated with nicotine inhalers and patches. After discharge, participants attended monthly outpatient group sessions for 6 months. SETTING: The Durham, NC Veterans Affairs Medical Center residential unit. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-three medical outpatient smokers. MEASUREMENTS: Seven-day point prevalence smoking abstinence was determined by self-report of zero cigarettes smoked and verified by exhaled carbon monoxide <8 parts per million. MAIN RESULTS: Participants' mean age was 57.4 years; 100% were male; 61% were Caucasian; and 39% were African American. The mean score on the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence was 7.1 (SD 2.3). Daily nicotine doses ranged from the nicotine inhaler alone to 56 mg of transdermal nicotine plus nicotine inhaler. Verified smoking abstinence on discharge (after 4 days) was 21/23 or 91.3% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 73 to 100). At 6 months, the 7-day point abstinence rate was 6/23 or 26.1% (95% CI, 15 to 36). CONCLUSIONS: This pilot residential smoking treatment program was designed to assist smokers who relapsed after outpatient treatment. Four days of residential smoking therapy successfully relieved smoking withdrawal. At 6 months after discharge, participants maintained an abstinence rate comparable to other medical therapies for smoking. Descriptors Aged, Attitude to Health, Behavior Therapy/methods, Confidence Intervals, Diet Therapy/methods, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, North Carolina, Patient Education as Topic/methods/statistics & numerical data, Pilot Projects, Psychotherapy, Group, Recurrence, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation/methods/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Veterans Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Green,A., Yancy,W. S., Braxton,L., Westman,E. C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC1494850 Editors

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