WTS database

Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Main microorganisms involved in the fermentation of Ugandan ghee	2009	Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. marongol@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of food microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Food Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form 15-Aug Volume 133 Issue 3 Start Page 286 Other Pages 291 Notes JID: 8412849; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (DNA, Fungal); 0 (Dietary Fats); 8029-34-3 (Butter); 2009/02/09 [received]; 2009/06/06 [revised]; 2009/06/08 [accepted]; 2009/06/17 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1879-3460; 0168-1605 Accession Number PMID: 19577815 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.06.003 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19577815 Abstract Ghee is widely produced from a traditional fermented butter-like product named mashita in western Uganda. However, no detailed studies have been done to identify the microorganisms involved in mashita fermentation. The aim of this study was to identify the microorganisms present at the end of mashita ripening using culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques. The most commonly identified species of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in mashita using culture-dependent techniques were Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus perolens constituting 37.3%, 10.1%, 8.1% and 7.7% of total bacterial colonies isolated respectively. L. paracasei was the only bacterial species identified in all mashita samples by culture-dependent technique. Two of the four most commonly isolated LAB species (L. helveticus and L. plantarum) were also identified in mashita by a culture-independent method (PCR-DGGE). Other main LAB species identified in mashita by PCR-DGGE were Bifidobacterium sp., Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus acetotolerans, Lactobacillus sp., Lactococcus raffinolactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and Streptococcus salivarius. The main species of acetic acid bacteria (AAB) identified in the mashita using PCR-DGGE method were Acetobacter aceti, Acetobacter lovaniensis, Acetobacter orientalis and Acetobacter pasteurianus. PCR-DGGE identification of yeasts showed that Brettanomyces custersianus, Candida silvae, Geotrichum sp., Issatchenkia occidentalis, Issatchenkia orientalis, Kluyveromyces marxianus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Trichosporon asahii were main yeast species in mashita. A. lovaniensis, A. aceti, and I. orientalis were identified in all the six mashita samples analyzed using PCR-DGGE method. Other microbial species were only found in some samples. These results indicate that LAB and yeasts, as in similar fermentation products, but also AAB are main microbial groups involved in mashita fermentation. Descriptors Bacteria/genetics/isolation & purification, Bacteriological Techniques/methods, Butter/microbiology, DNA, Bacterial, DNA, Fungal, Dietary Fats, Fermentation, Food Microbiology, Lactobacillus/genetics/isolation & purification, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Uganda, Yeasts/genetics/isolation & purification Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ongol,M. P., Asano,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090617 PMCID Editors
Mainstream smoke of the waterpipe: does this environmental matrix reveal as significant source of toxic compounds?	2011	German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Product Safety, Thielallee 88-92, 14195 Berlin, Germany. Jens.Schubert@bfr.bund.de	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Toxicology letters Periodical, Abbrev. Toxicol.Lett. Pub Date Free Form 10-Sep Volume 205 Issue 3 Start Page 279 Other Pages 284 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2011; JID: 7709027; 0 (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butan-1-ol); 0 (Carcinogens); 0 (Hygroscopic Agents); 0 (Nitrosamines); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Pyridines); 0 (Smoke); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 3417W Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1879-3169; 0378-4274 Accession Number PMID: 21712083 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.06.017 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21712083 Abstract In recent years the number of waterpipe smokers has increased substantially worldwide. Here we report on the concentrations of tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in waterpipe smoke and the analysis of selected biomarkers indicative for the body burden in waterpipe users. We further identify high amounts of unburned humectants (glycerol and propylene glycol) in the waterpipe smoke as main part of the so-called "tar" fraction. These results give cause for serious concern. For standardization we applied a machine smoking protocol. Smoke was collected on glass fiber filters and analyzed for nicotine, water, humectants, TSNAs, and PAHs. In addition, we determined carbon monoxide and found high amounts in the smoke being causative for high levels of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in the blood of smokers. In comparison to the reference cigarette 3R4F, the nicotine contents were 10-times higher, but TSNA levels were found lower in waterpipe smoke. This finding explained the low levels of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol detected in the urine of waterpipe smokers. Finally, the levels of benzo[a]pyrene were three times higher in waterpipe smoke compared to the reference cigarette. Altogether, the data presented in this study point to the health hazards associated with the consumption of waterpipes. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ireland Ltd Data Source Authors Schubert,J., Hahn,J., Dettbarn,G., Seidel,A., Luch,A., Schulz,T.G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110625 PMCID Editors
Make your own cigarettes: toxicant exposure, smoking topography, and subjective effects	2014	Battelle Memorial Institute, Human Exposure Assessment Laboratory (HEAL), Baltimore, Maryland. koszowskib@battelle.org.; Battelle Memorial Institute, Human Exposure Assessment Laboratory (HEAL), Baltimore, Maryland.; Battelle Memorial Institute, Human Exp	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology Periodical, Abbrev. Cancer Epidemiol.Biomarkers Prev. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 23 Issue 9 Start Page 1793 Other Pages 1803 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: (c)2014; GR: R01 CA138973/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01CA138973-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9200608; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); NIHMS605518; OID: NLM: NIHMS605518; OID: NLM: PMC4154992; 2014/06/12 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1538-7755; 1055-9965 Accession Number PMID: 24925675 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0280 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24925675 Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite considerable use of make your own (MYO) cigarettes worldwide and increasing use in the United States, relatively little is known about how these cigarettes are smoked and the resultant toxicant exposure. METHODS: In a laboratory study, we compared two types of MYO cigarettes-roll your own (RYO) and personal machine made (PMM)-with factory-made (FM) cigarettes in three groups of smokers who exclusively used RYO (n = 34), PMM (n = 23), or FM (n = 20). Within each group, cigarettes were smoked in three conditions: (i) after confirmed overnight tobacco abstinence; (ii) in an intense smoking paradigm; and (iii) without restrictions. All cigarettes were smoked ad lib through a smoking topography unit. RESULTS: Plasma nicotine significantly increased after cigarettes in all conditions except PMM in the intense smoking paradigm. Puff volume, puff duration, total puff volume, and puff velocity did not differ between cigarette types but the puffs per cigarette and time to smoke were significantly smaller for RYO compared with PMM and FM. Regardless of the cigarette, participants consumed the first three puffs more vigorously than the last three puffs. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the belief of many of their consumers, smoking MYO cigarettes is not a safe alternative to FM cigarettes. Like FM, MYO cigarettes expose their users to harmful constituents of tobacco smoke. Despite differences in size and design their puffing profiles are remarkably similar. IMPACT: These data are relevant to health and regulatory considerations on the MYO cigarettes. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American Association for Cancer Research Data Source Authors Koszowski,B., Rosenberry,Z.R., Viray,L.C., Potts,J.L., Pickworth,W.B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140612 PMCID PMC4154992 Editors
Management strategy of emergencies and events in the monitoring of water distribution in Paris	2003	Montiel, F., Soc. Anon. de Gestion l'Eau Paris, 75014 Paris, France	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water Science and Technology: Water Supply Periodical, Abbrev. Water Sc.Technol.Water Supply Pub Date Free Form 2003/ Volume 3 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 483 Other Pages 487 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1606-9749 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract For water distributors, management of emergencies and the follow-up of events in real time represent an essential aspect of their work. Proper management of this information makes for optimization of its use and enables one to avoid a large number of problems regarding water supply thanks to improved reactivity and more precisely-focused action. Since 1992, Sagep (SociÃ©tÃ© Anonyme de Gestion de l'Eau de Paris) to whom the City of Paris has entrusted responsibility for its water supply, has equipped itself with a computerized real-time monitoring system. Initially, this system processed 5,000 pieces of real-time information, which permitted monitoring of the 1,600 km of drinking water pipes and made possible distribution of the 650,000 m3 of drinking water consumed daily by Parisians. In 1996, given the enormous progress achieved with regard to information systems and measuring devices installed in the pipe networks, the Scada at Sagep was modernized. This made possible the integration of the fresh information necessitated by developments in the supply system of the City of Paris, plant renovation, new sensors, the traceability of events and water quality follow-up. These developments led to the integration and management of 17,500 pieces of real-time information, over three-quarters of which are made up of emergencies or events. It seems clear that it is impossible to manage such a mass of real-time information in the absence of a rigorous processing strategy. To exploit this set of data in optimal fashion, Sagep has developed a system of management of emergencies based on three thrusts: identification, qualification and processing. Descriptors drinking water, automation, conference paper, emergency, France, information system, life event, process monitoring, technology, water management, water supply Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Montiel,F., Coutelan,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Managing electromagnetic fields from residential electrode grounding systems: a predecision analysis.	1996	von Winterfeldt, D., University of Southern California, Institute of Safety and Systems Management, University Park, Los Angeles, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Bioelectromagnetics Periodical, Abbrev. Bioelectromagnetics Pub Date Free Form / Volume 17 Issue 2 Start Page 71 Other Pages 84 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0197-8462 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Several epidemiological studies have linked exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) with health effects, including leukemia and brain cancer, but the research is still inconclusive. In particular, no clear causal mechanism has been identified by which EMFs may promote cancers. Nevertheless, the concerns raised by the positive epidemiological studies have led to increasing efforts to reduce EMFs from a number of sources. One source of EMFs are home grounding systems that are connected through water pipes in homes to water mains. This paper analyzes whether home owners who are concerned about electromagnetic fields exposure from home grounding systems should take any action to reduce fields. Assuming that the grounding system produces elevated magnetic fields (e.g., 2-3 mG or higher), this study investigates several readily available alternatives and evaluates them with respect to five criteria: risk reduction, cost, fire risk increase, worker risk, and electrical shock risk. Because of the lack of conclusive evidence about an EMF-cancer relationship, this study uses a parameterized approach that makes conditional estimates of health risk depending on future research outcomes and on the nature of the EMF/health effects relationship. This type of analysis, which is called predecision analysis because of its preliminary nature, is therefore highly dependent on a set of assumptions. Nevertheless, this predecision analysis had some fairly clear results. First, waiting for more research or taking a fairly inexpensive corrective action (insulating the water pipe to reduce ground current flow) seem to be the main contenders for the best decision for many different assumptions and parameters. Second, the choice between these two actions is very sensitive to variations in assumptions and parameters. Homeowners who accept the base-case assumptions and parameters of this study should prefer to wait. If any of the base-case parameters are changed to more pessimistic estimates or if psychological concerns (like worry and regret) are considered, then the best action is to insulate the pipe to reduce the current flow through the water pipes. Descriptors article, building material, decision support system, electric injury, electricity, electrode, electromagnetic field, fire, housing, human, leukemia, probability, risk factor, sanitation, sensitivity and specificity Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors von Winterfeldt,D., Trauger,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Marijuana Legalization and Parents' Attitudes, Use, and Parenting in Washington State	2016	Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Electronic address: rickk@uw.edu.; Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.; Social Development Resear	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. J.Adolesc.Health Pub Date Free Form 11-Aug Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160819; CI: Copyright (c) 2016; GR: R01 DA033956/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9102136; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/05/16 [received]; 2016/07/02 [revised]; 2016/07/02 [accepted]; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1879-1972; 1054-139X Accession Number PMID: 27523977 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI S1054-139X(16)30175-6 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27523977 Abstract PURPOSE: The recent legalization of nonmedical marijuana use in several U.S. states has unknown implications for those who are actively parenting. This study examined parents' reactions to marijuana legalization and changes in attitudes and behaviors over time. METHODS: Data were from a gender-balanced, ethnically diverse sample of 395 parents in Washington State who were participating in the longitudinal Seattle Social Development Project. Participants were interviewed 15 times between 1985 (age 10) and 2014 (age 39). Adult nonmedical marijuana use was legalized in Washington in 2012 and retail outlets opened in 2014. RESULTS: Results showed (1) one third of parents incorrectly believed the legal age of nonmedical marijuana use to be 18; (2) significant increase in approval of adult marijuana use and decrease in perceived harm of regular use; (3) wide opposition to teen use and use around one's children; and (4) substantial increases in frequency of use and marijuana use disorder among parents who used. CONCLUSIONS: Despite increased acceptance and frequency of adult use, parents remain widely opposed to teen use but need facts and strategies for talking with their children about marijuana. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Kosterman,R., Bailey,J.A., Guttmannova,K., Jones,T.M., Eisenberg,N., Hill,K.G., Hawkins,J.D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160811 PMCID Editors
Marine fisheries in Tanzania	2002	Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar. jiddawi@ims.udsm.ac.tz	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Ambio Periodical, Abbrev. Ambio Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 31 Issue 8-Jul Start Page 518 Other Pages 527 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 0364220; ppublish Place of Publication Sweden ISSN/ISBN 0044-7447; 0044-7447 Accession Number PMID: 12572817 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 12572817 Abstract Fishery resources are a vital source of food and make valuable economic contributions to the local communities involved in fishery activities along the 850 km stretch of the Tanzania coastline and numerous islands. Small-scale artisanal fishery accounts for the majority of fish catch produced by more than 43 000 fishermen in the country, mainly operating in shallow waters within the continental shelf, using traditional fishing vessels including small boats, dhows, canoes, outrigger canoes and dinghys. Various fishing techniques are applied using uncomplicated passive fishing gears such as basket traps, fence traps, nets as well as different hook and line techniques. Species composition and size of the fish varies with gear type and location. More than 500 species of fish are utilized for food with reef fishes being the most important category including emperors, snappers, sweetlips, parrotfish, surgeonfish, rabbitfish, groupers and goatfish. Most of the fish products are used for subsistence purposes. However, some are exported. Destructive fishing methods such as drag nets and dynamite fishing pose a serious problem as they destroy important habitats for fish and other organisms, and there is a long-term trend of overharvested fishery resources. However, fishing pressure varies within the country as fishery resources are utilized in a sustainable manner in some areas. For this report more than 340 references about Tanzanian fishery and fish ecology were covered. There are many gaps in terms of information needed for successful fishery management regarding both basic and applied research. Most research results have been presented as grey literature (57%) with limited distribution; only one-fifth were scientific publications in international journals. Descriptors Animals, Anthozoa, Commerce, Conservation of Natural Resources, Data Collection, Environmental Monitoring, Fisheries, Fishes, Humans, Population Dynamics, Ships, Tanzania Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jiddawi,N. S., Ohman,M. C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Maternal exposure to ambient levels of benzene and neural tube defects among offspring: Texas, 1999-2004	2011	Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston 77030, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental health perspectives Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Health Perspect. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 119 Issue 3 Start Page 397 Other Pages 402 Notes LR: 20141202; GR: T42OH008421/OH/NIOSH CDC HHS/United States; GR: U50/CCU613232/PHS HHS/United States; JID: 0330411; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); CIN: Envi Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1552-9924; 0091-6765 Accession Number PMID: 20923742 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1289/ehp.1002212 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20923742 Abstract BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported positive associations between maternal exposure to air pollutants and several adverse birth outcomes. However, there have been no studies assessing the association between environmental levels of hazardous air pollutants, such as benzene, and neural tube defects (NTDs), a common and serious group of congenital malformations. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to conduct a case-control study assessing the association between ambient air levels of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) and the prevalence of NTDs among offspring. METHODS: The Texas Birth Defects Registry provided data on NTD cases (spina bifida and anencephaly) delivered between 1999 and 2004. The control group was a random sample of unaffected live births, frequency matched to cases on year of birth. Census tract-level estimates of annual BTEX levels were obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Assessment System for Population Exposure Nationwide. Restricted cubic splines were used in mixed-effects logistic regression models to determine associations between each pollutant and NTD phenotype. RESULTS: Mothers living in census tracts with the highest benzene levels were more likely to have offspring with spina bifida than were women living in census tracts with the lowest levels (odds ratio = 2.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-4.33). No significant associations were observed between anencephaly and benzene or between any of the NTD phenotypes and toluene, ethylbenzene, or xylene. CONCLUSION: In the first study to assess the relationship between environmental levels of BTEX and NTDs, we found an association between benzene and spina bifida. Our results contribute to the growing body of evidence regarding air pollutant exposure and adverse birth outcomes. Descriptors Adult, Air Pollutants/analysis/toxicity, Air Pollution/statistics & numerical data, Benzene/analysis/toxicity, Benzene Derivatives/analysis/toxicity, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Maternal Exposure/adverse effects/statistics & numerical data, Neural Tube Defects/epidemiology, Spinal Dysraphism/epidemiology, Texas, Toluene/analysis/toxicity, Xylenes/analysis/toxicity, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lupo,P. J., Symanski,E., Waller,D. K., Chan,W., Langlois,P. H., Canfield,M. A., Mitchell,L. E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20101005 PMCID PMC3060005 Editors
Maternal smoking affects lung function and airway inflammation in young children with multiple-trigger wheeze	2013	Department of Allergy, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. satu.kalliola@hus.fi	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Allergy Clin.Immunol. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 131 Issue 3 Start Page 730 Other Pages 735 Notes LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 1275002; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide); K5161X06LL (Cotinine); 2012/11/27 [received]; 2013/01/11 [revised]; 2013/01/11 [accepted]; 2013/02/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1097-6825; 0091-6749 Accession Number PMID: 23380219 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; AIM; IM DOI 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.01.005 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23380219 Abstract BACKGROUND: Exposure to tobacco smoke is a well-known risk factor for childhood asthma and reduced lung function, but the effect on airway inflammation in preschool-aged children is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of parental smoking on lung function and fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) in relation to both parental reports and children's urine cotinine concentrations in preschool-aged children with multiple-trigger wheeze. METHODS: A total of 105 3- to 7-year-old children with multiple-trigger wheeze and lung function abnormalities were recruited. Lung function was assessed by impulse oscillometry, and Feno measurements were performed. Exposure to tobacco smoke was determined by parental reports and measurement of children's urinary cotinine concentrations. RESULTS: Forty-three percent of the children were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke according to parental reports. The Feno level was significantly higher in children with a smoking mother (n = 27) than in children with a nonsmoking mother (23.4 vs 12.5 ppb, P = .006). The Feno level expressed as z score and the cotinine level correlated significantly (P = .03). Respiratory resistance at 5 Hz was higher in children exposed to maternal smoking than in others (0.99 vs 0.88 kPas/L, P = .005). Urinary cotinine concentrations reflected well parental reports on their daily smoking and increased relative to the number of cigarettes smoked in the family (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc Data Source Authors Kalliola,S., Pelkonen,A.S., Malmberg,L.P., Sarna,S., Hamalainen,M., Mononen,I., Makela,M.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130204 PMCID Editors
Maternal smoking and environmental tobacco smoke exposure and the risk of allergic diseases in Japanese infants: the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study	2008	Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan. k-tanaka@fukuoka-u.ac.jp	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma Periodical, Abbrev. J.Asthma Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 45 Issue 9 Start Page 833 Other Pages 838 Notes JID: 8106454; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1532-4303; 0277-0903 Accession Number PMID: 18972305 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1080/02770900802339742 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18972305 Abstract PURPOSE: It remains controversial whether environmental tobacco smoke increases the risk of allergic diseases. The present prospective cohort study examined whether in utero exposure to maternal smoking and postnatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke were associated with the development of wheeze, asthma, and atopic eczema in Japanese infants. METHODS: Study subjects included 763 infants. Data were obtained through the use of questionnaires completed by the mother during pregnancy and at 2 to 9 and 16 to 24 months postdelivery. Information regarding maternal smoking during pregnancy and postnatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was collected at 2 to 9 months postdelivery, and information on allergic symptoms was collected when the infant was between 16 to 24 months of age. Cases were defined according to criteria of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood for wheeze and atopic eczema. Additionally, doctor-diagnosed asthma and atopic eczema were identified. Adjustment was made for maternal age, family income, maternal and paternal education, parental history of asthma, atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, indoor domestic pets, baby's older siblings, baby's sex, birth weight, and time of surveys. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of wheeze, atopic eczema, doctor-diagnosed asthma, and doctor-diagnosed atopic eczema was 22.1%, 18.6%, 4.3%, and 9.0%, respectively. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was not related to the risk of wheeze, whereas postnatal maternal smoking in the same room as the child increased the risk of wheeze. No significant association was observed between perinatal tobacco smoke exposure and the development of asthma and atopic eczema. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that postnatal maternal smoking might be associated with an increased risk of wheeze in Japanese infants. Descriptors Asthma/epidemiology/etiology, Child, Preschool, Dermatitis, Atopic/epidemiology/etiology, Female, Humans, Hypersensitivity/epidemiology/etiology, Incidence, Infant, Japan/epidemiology, Male, Maternal Exposure/adverse effects, Prospective Studies, Respiratory Sounds/etiology, Smoking/adverse effects, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Tanaka,K., Miyake,Y., Sasaki,S., Ohya,Y., Hirota,Y., Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study Group Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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