WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Ozone flux to Picea sitchensis (Bong) carr and Picea abies (L) karst during short episodes and the effects of these on transpiration and photosynthesis	1989	Forestry Commision, Forest Research Station, Farnham, GU10 4LH	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental Pollution Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Pollut. Pub Date Free Form 1989/ Volume 59 Issue 2 Start Page 161 Other Pages 176 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0269-7491 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Sitka spruce and Norway spruce were grown in controlled environments and then exposed to ozone (O3) for short periods as in mid-afternoon episodes experienced in the forest. For concentrations of between 20 and 300 nl litre-1 there were linear relationships between exposure concentration and O3 uptake rates. Increasing photon flux densities increased rates of photosynthesis and transpiration, the increases being larger in actively growing than dormant seedlings. Physiological condition (dormancy or active growth), species and photo flux density were found in influence O3 flux via their effects on stomatal conductance. Exposure to 80 nl litre-1 O3 resulted in consistent increases of stomatal conductance and there were also indications that water-use efficiency was decreased. Descriptors ozone, nonhuman, photosynthesis, plant, sweating Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Freer-Smith,P. H., Dobson,M. C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The prevalence of onchocerciasis and blindness in the population of the Bong Range, Liberia	1973	Bernhard Nocht Inst. Schiffs- Tropenkrankh., Hamburg	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Periodical, Abbrev. Z.TROPENMED.PARASIT. Pub Date Free Form 1973/ Volume 24 Issue 3 Start Page 339 Other Pages 357 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Among a sample of 1,252 persons from a total population of about 15,000 people of the Kpelleh tribe in the Bong Range area, 783 (63.2%) were carriers of microfilariae of O. volvulus. The infection was determined by a standardized skin biopsy technique (Walser punch). At the age of 16 to 18 yr more than 50% of the population had detectable larvae in the gluteal skin. Among the adult population the male sex showed a significant preponderance of positivity for microfilariae. The number of noninfected 'susceptibles' decreased annually by a factor of 0.92 to 0.925. About one half of a sample of adult subjects revealed microfilariae in the cephalic region. Findings of diminished vision (â‰¤ 6/60) were compared with the microfilarial density in the anterior segment and in the environment of the eyes. The rate of blindness of 1.18% found in the Bong Range was more than twice as high as in onchocerciasis free regions of Liberia. Blindness appeared to be related to onchocerciasis in the majority of cases. The average age of the completely blind was 54 yr, and the onset of blindness could be dated back to an average of 48 yr. In the unilaterally blind the average age was 40 yr. In this group blindness appeared to be less related to onchocerciasis. Among 1,131 subjects a bilaterally impaired vision was found in 8.3%. Together with the unilaterally blind, the total number of persons with visual damage besides the blind was 9.8% of the population sample at Bong Range. Descriptors age, blindness, cornea, diagnosis, epidemiology, filariasis, Onchocerca volvulus, onchocerciasis, sex Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Frentzel Beyme,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Spread of a green fluorescent protein-tagged Pseudomonas putida in a water pipe following airbone contamination	2006	Carpentier, B., Agence FranÃ§aise de SÃ©curitÃ© Sanitaire des Aliments, Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherches sur la Qualite des Aliments et des Procedes Alimentaires, F-94706 Maisons Alfort Cedex, France	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of food protection Periodical, Abbrev. J.Food Protection Pub Date Free Form / Volume 69 Issue 11 Start Page 2692 Other Pages 2696 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0362-028X Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract An aerosol of green fluorescent protein-tagged Pseudomonas putida, created during high-pressure water cleaning of a coupon colonized by a biofilm of the green fluorescent protein bacterium, contaminated the water supply of an experimental setup. The upward spread of P. putida in a vertical pipe of supply water was 4.3 cm/day. Results highlight that a water supply to a food plant can be contaminated by an aerosol of environmental flora, created in typical cleaning operations, and become a reoccurring source of contamination. A practical response that could be taken in a food plant is briefly discussed. Copyright Â©, International Association for Food Protection. Descriptors green fluorescent protein, aerosol, article, biofilm, food contamination, growth, development and aging, microbiology, physiology, Pseudomonas putida Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors GagniÃ¨re,S., Auvray,F., Carpentier,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Quantitative studies on the transmission of Onchocerca volvulus by Simulium damnosum in the Bong Range, Liberia	1973	Bernhard Nocht Inst. Schiffs- Tropenkrankh., Hamburg	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Periodical, Abbrev. Z.TROPENMED.PARASIT. Pub Date Free Form 1973/ Volume 24 Issue 3 Start Page 358 Other Pages 372 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Quantitative aspects of the transmission of O. volvulus have been investigated in an area of the tropical rain forest zone in West Liberia. The daily and annual cycles of biting densities, age composition and infection rates of the Simulium damnosum population have been studied for one or more years at 7 catching sites. Dissections of 67,758 females of S. damnosum revealed a mean annual parous rate of 10.9%; 17.2% of the parous flies carried developing filaria infections, 2.6% third stage larvae of O. volvulus, and 3.0% third stage larvae of other filaria species. An average of 900 O. volvulus larvae theoretically transmitted per man per year was calculated. This transmission potential was associated with a microfilariae carrier rate of 63% in the human population. Descriptors arthropod, carrier, epidemiology, Microfilaria, Onchocerca volvulus, onchocerciasis, prevention, Simulium damnosum Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Garms,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
A temporary focus of savanna species of the Simulium damnosum complex in the forest zone of Liberia	1991	Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Strasse 74, D-2000 Hamburg 36	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tropical Medicine and Parasitology Periodical, Abbrev. Trop.Med.Parasitol. Pub Date Free Form 1991/ Volume 42 Issue 3 Start Page 181 Other Pages 187 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0177-2392 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Savanna species of the Simulium damnosum complex, the major vectors of the blinding savanna type of onchocerciasis, were considered to be rare in Liberia, until the dry season of 1988. In 1988 they became a serious nuisance, biting people at the Bong iron ore mine within the rain forest zone. S. damnosum s.str. and S. sirbanum were found breeding, in association with S. adersi a non man-biting savanna species, in a stream emerging from the mine's tailings pond. The local forest species were extremely rare in this stream. The water of the stream was characterized by an increased hardness and higher temperatures in comparison with those of natural watercourses in the area. The mass occurrence of flies was probably related to expansions of the tailings ponds, when rich nutrition was provided for the blackfly larvae by the decaying forests submerged by the rising water levels. The phenomenon did not recur in 1989 when only a few savanna flies were caught, and none were seen in the dry season of 1990 Although it is not known why the artificial environment of the tailings ponds was so attractive for the savanna species the events clearly demonstrated that savanna flies seasonally invading the area, possibly aided by the northeasterly harmattan winds, can become established in the rain forest zone if suitable conditions are met. No infections with Onchocerca volvulus were found in more than 1000 flies caught by vector collectors but, after experimental infection with the local forest strain, a few parasites developed to the infective stage. As yet there is no evidence that the occurrence of savanna flies in the rain forest zone of Liberia was of epidemiological significance. Descriptors animal experiment, article, controlled study, ecology, Liberia, nonhuman, onchocerciasis, Simulium damnosum Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Garms,R., Cheke,R. A., Sachs,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Wplyw sieci wodociagowej na jakosc sensoryczna wody do picia	2010		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig Periodical, Abbrev. Rocz.Panstw.Zakl.Hig. Pub Date Free Form Volume 61 Issue 3 Start Page 253 Other Pages 7 Notes ID: 21365860 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language pl SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Object of studies was aimed at determining the effect of a water-pipe system on the sensory quality of drinking water originating from various intakes. The aim was to be achieved through analyses of the sensory quality (odor and flavor) of drinking water originating from various reception points within the water-pipe system. Based on the analyses carried out in the research, it may be stated that, transport of water through the water-pipe system in Olsztyn in the winter season does not affect deterioration of odor or flavor of water supplied to consumers. Besides worse sensory quality of drinking water at consumers' reception points may be determined by its worse quality immediately after treatment. As a result of water transport through a water-pipe network, it is possible to reduce the intensity of some odor and flavor attributes to an undetectable level. Descriptors Sanitary Engineering/instrumentation, Sanitary Engineering/methods, Water Microbiology, Water Supply/analysis, Humans, Poland, Quality Control, Seasons, Smell, Taste Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-21365860 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Gatarska,Anna, Smoczynski,Stefan, Wypyska,Marta Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Structural and compositional controls on transpiration in 40- and 450-year-old riparian forests in western Oregon, USA	2004	Moore, G.W., Texas A and M University, Uvalde Research and Extension Center, Uvalde, TX 78801, United States	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tree physiology Periodical, Abbrev. Tree Physiol. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 24 Issue 5 Start Page 481 Other Pages 491 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0829-318X Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Large areas of forests in the Pacific Northwest are being transformed to younger forests, yet little is known about the impact this may have on hydrological cycles. Previous work suggests that old trees use less water per unit leaf area or sapwood area than young mature trees of the same species in similar environments. Do old forests, therefore, use less water than young mature forests in similar environments, or are there other structural or compositional components in the forests that compensate for tree-level differences? We investigated the impacts of tree age, species composition and sapwood basal area on stand-level transpiration in adjacent watersheds at the H.J. Andrews Forest in the western Cascades of Oregon, one containing a young, mature (about 40 years since disturbance) conifer forest and the other an old growth (about 450 years since disturbance) forest. Sap flow measurements were used to evaluate the degree to which differences in age and species composition affect water use. Stand sapwood basal area was evaluated based on a vegetation survey for species, basal area and sapwood basal area in the riparian area of two watersheds. A simple scaling exercise derived from estimated differences in water use as a result of differences in age, species composition and stand sapwood area was used to estimate transpiration from late June through October within the entire riparian area of these watersheds. Transpiration was higher in the young stand because of greater sap flux density (sap flow per unit sapwood area) by age class and species, and greater total stand sapwood area. During the measurement period, mean daily sap flux density was 2.30 times higher in young compared with old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) trees. Sap flux density was 1.41 times higher in young red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) compared with young P. menziesii trees, and was 1.45 times higher in old P. menziesii compared with old western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) trees. Overall, sapwood basal area was 21% higher in the young stand than in the old stand. In the old forest, T. heterophylla is an important co-dominant, accounting for 58% of total sapwood basal area, whereas P. menziesii is the only dominant conifer in the young stand. Angiosperms accounted for 36% of total sapwood basal area in the young stand, but only 7% in the old stand. For all factors combined, we estimated 3.27 times more water use by vegetation in the riparian area of the young stand over the measurement period. Tree age had the greatest effect on stand differences in water use, followed by differences in sapwood basal area, and finally species composition. The large differences in transpiration provide further evidence that forest management alters site water balance via elevated transpiration in vigorous young stands. Descriptors alder, article, Douglas fir, forestry, histology, physiology, plant leaf, plant stem, river, species difference, sweating, tree, Tsuga, United States Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Moore,G. W., Bond,B. J., Jones,J. A., Phillips,N., Meinzer,F. C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
A commentary on the impacts of metals and metalloids in the environment upon the metabolism of drugs and chemicals	2004	Moore, M.R., University of Queensland, Queensland Hlth. Scientific Services, Natl. Res. Ctr. Environ. Toxicol., Brisbane, QLD 4108, Australia	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Toxicology letters Periodical, Abbrev. Toxicol.Lett. Pub Date Free Form 2004/03 Volume 148 Issue 3 Start Page 153 Other Pages 158 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0378-4274 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The salient feature of metals is that unlike organic compounds they do not degrade in the environment and barely move from one environmental matrix to another. Human interventions take these compounds from their stable and non-bioavailable geological matrix into situations of biological accessibility. Studies in the 1970s and the 1980s of metal bioavailability and impacts of metals and metalloids were driven by the process of abatement of lead in the environment. Humans have clear and identifiable sources of exposure from fuels, food and leaded water pipes to lead. Interventions started at that time have dramatically lowered human lead exposure. Attention has now shifted to other metals, in particular, cadmium, which has seen increasing use. It is generally accepted that food crops grown on cadmium containing soils or soils naturally rich in this metal are the major source of exposure to humans other than exposure from smoking of cigarettes. This mini-review gives a summary and commentary on early studies on effects of lead on haem metabolism that provide us the clue to why investigations of the impacts of other toxic heavy metals and metalloids such as cadmium and arsenic on different human cytochrome P450 forms have become of great interest at the current time. Â© 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Descriptors 5 aminolevulinate synthase, arsenic, bilirubin, cadmium, cytochrome P450, edetic acid, fuel, heavy metal, hematin, lead, mercury, organic compound, phosphate fertilizer, water, bioavailability, carcinogenesis, smoking, crop, degradation, drug metabolism, environment, environmental exposure, enzyme activity, enzyme inhibition, food, heme synthesis, human, ingestion, kidney dysfunction, lead poisoning, nonhuman, priority journal, protein expression, review, skin cancer, soil Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Moore,M. R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Atresia esofÃ¡gica y fÃstula traqueoesofÃ¡gica en altura	2001		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full SITUA Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 9 Issue 17 Start Page 27 Other Pages 35 Notes ID: 295134 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language es SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract La organogÃ©nesis de la atresia con la fÃstula traqueosofÃ¡gica es desconocida, se sabe que tiene relaciÃ³n con el origen embriolÃ³gico comÃºn del esÃ³fago y de la trÃ¡quea que se dividen en tubos separados a los 34-36 dÃas de la gestaciÃ³n Baiyun. Baiyun y colaboradores llegaron a la conclusiÃ³n que a menor proporciÃ³n de cÃ©lulas en apoptosis hay mayor nÃºmero de deformaciones traqueoesofÃ¡gicas. En altura se carecen estadÃsticas sobre fÃstulas traqueoesofÃ¡gicas, asÃ como de informaciÃ³n sobre caracterÃsticas clÃnico quirÃºrgicas y su mortalidad. Se recolectaron 9 casos admitidos en el Hospital Nacional Sur Este EsSALUD del cusco, a 3340 m.s.n.m. entre los aÃ±os 1994 al 2000, siendo la prevalencia de 1,153 casos por 1000 nacidos; 5 fueron mujeres y 4 varones. El promedio de peso al nacer fue de 2793.33 gr. Ninguno presentÃ³ muy bajo peso al nacer. La edad gestacional promedio fue de 38.27 semanas: hubo 2 partos prematuros y 2 cesÃ¡reas por embarazo prolongado. El promedio de edad de la madre es de 30 aÃ±os con un rango de 26 a 39 aÃ±os; el 55.5 por ciento de ellas tuvo como antecedente polihidramnios. El primer signo evidenciable fue de sialorrea, en todos se evidenciÃ³ stop al paso de la sonda nasogÃ¡strica; neumonÃa en 77.7 por ciento de casos. El diagnÃ³stico se realizÃ³ en el primer dÃa de vida en el 66.6 por ciento de casos. El tipo de fÃstula mÃ¡s frecuente fue el del tipo C de Gross (atresia esofÃ¡gica mÃ¡s fÃstula traqueoesofÃ¡gica distal) en el 88.89 por ciento. Las malformaciones asociadas mÃ¡s frecuentes fueron las gÃ©nito-urinarias y muculoesquelÃ©ticas. La operaciÃ³n se realizÃ³ en un promedio de 4.27 dÃas despuÃ©s del nacimiento; el abordaje fue transpleural, anastomosis esofÃ¡gica tÃ©rmino terminal, cierre de fÃstula traqueoesofÃ¡gica distal y/o proximal. RespiraciÃ³n asistida hasta que tenga una saturaciÃ³n de oxÃgeno aceptable (7 a 8 dÃas). La causa mÃ¡s frecuente de muerte fue de sepsis. Entre las complicaciones tempranas se presentÃ³ la dehiscencia de sutura en un paciente y otro caso de neumotorax y atelectasia. Entre las complicaciones tardÃas, la estenosis esofÃ¡gica, traqueomalacia y reflujo gastroesofÃ¡gico. La tasa global de supervivencia fue 33.3 por ciento, que fue redistribuida en relaciÃ³n a la escala de Waterson (peso, condiciÃ³n de los pulmones y anomalÃas asociadas): Grupo A, 100 por ciento de sobrevida,; grupo B, 22,2 por ciento de sobrevida, Grupo C, 0 por ciento de sobrevida. El promedio de estancia hospitalaria fue de 23 dÃas. (AU) Descriptors Humans, Male, Female, Esophageal Atresia/surgery, Tracheoesophageal Fistula/surgery, Altitude Sickness Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/lil-295134 Book Title Database LILACS; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Morales Alfaro,AmÃ©rico, Guisse Alvis,Carmen, AragÃ³n Carrasco,Violeta Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The occurrence of salmonellae in drinking water	1979	Staatl. Mediz. Untersuch. Amt, Braunschweig	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie.Hygiene.Krankenhaushygiene Betriebshygiene Praventive Medizin - Abt.1 Orig.B Periodical, Abbrev. ZENTRALBL.BAKT.HYG.KR.HYG.BETR.HYG.PRAV.MED.ABT.1 ORIG.B Pub Date Free Form 1979/ Volume 169 Issue 6-May Start Page 551 Other Pages 559 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract A total of 7187 samples of drinking water from different areas of the Lower Saxonian District of Braunschweig was investigated during June 1977 and May 1979. The bacteriological results are given. Salmonellae were isolated in three samples of drinking water and in one sample of sludge from a municipal drinking water pipe. Additional experiments confirm that growth of salmonellae and other entereobacteria is possible in that sludge. These findings implicate some considerations: E. coli and coliforms are the most important microbial water quality indication. It is presupposed that, when the indicator density is low (less than 1 per 100 ml) the probability that pathogens are present also will be very low. But the question is how low? The risk factor may be estimated on the base of a E. coli-Salmonella ratio in raw sewage of about 106. But this ratio is already lessened in effluents of sewage treatment plants to 103 and often seems to be 102 in inadequately disinfected drinking water. For example, we have found four Salmonella and 408 E. coli serotypes over two years. Therefore, the judgement of the presence of E. coli or coliforms in samples of drinking water is important in this judgment of improvement of water quality by disinfection. Descriptors drinking water, geographic distribution, prevention, Salmonella, therapy Links Book Title UBER DAS VORKOMMEN VON SALMONELLEN IM TRINKWASSER Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Mueller,H. E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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