Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year | Author | SearchLink Sort descending |
|---|---|---|---|
| Comparison of Cytotoxic Effect of Cigarette and Waterpipe Smoking on Human Buccal Mucosa | 2017 | Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of preventive medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Prev.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
5-Dec
Volume
8
Issue
Start Page
98
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20181113; JID: 101535380; OTO: NOTNLM; 2017/01/30 00:00 [received]; 2017/07/02 00:00 [accepted]; 2018/01/02 06:00 [entrez]; 2018/01/02 06:00 [pubmed]; 2018/01/02 06:01 [medline]; epublish
Place of Publication
Iran
ISSN/ISBN
2008-7802; 2008-7802
Accession Number
PMID: 29291040
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_62_17 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29291040
Abstract
Background: The evidences on cytotoxic effect of cigarette and waterpipe smoking are very rare and controversial. The aim was to compare the cytotoxic effect of cigarette and waterpipe smoking on human buccal mucosa cells. Methods: The study was case-control. Feulgen-stained samples of exfoliated buccal mucosa cells were evaluated. The cytology slides of 25 cigarette smoker, 25 waterpipe smoker, and 25 individuals in the never smoked were examined. The number of pyknosis, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis in 1000 cells/subject were counted. Exposing to cigarette and waterpipe smoke was considered by the number of pack x years. Results: There were significant differences among the groups in terms of karyolysis and pyknosis while there was no significant difference among the cigarette smokers group and waterpipe smokers group in terms of karyorrhexis (P = 0. 01). The cytotoxicity effect of cigarette smoking was not significantly correlated to time exposure (r = 0.099, P = 0.637). The cytotoxicity effect of waterpipe smoking was significantly correlated to time exposure (r = -370, P = 0.044). Conclusions: The cytotoxic effect of cigarette and waterpipe smoking on buccal mucosa cells was significantly higher than nonsmokers. The effect of cigarette smoking on cellular death was higher than waterpipe. The cytotoxic effect of waterpipe smoking was dose dependent.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Naderi,N.J., Pasha,M.P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20171205
PMCID
PMC5738785
Editors
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| Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Prevalence and Associated Factors in the Southeast of Iran | 2017 | Assistant Professor, HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.; Senior Researcher, Modeling in Health Re(TRUNCATED | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addiction & health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Addict.Health.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
9
Issue
2
Start Page
72
Other Pages
80
Notes
LR: 20181113; JID: 101582275; OTO: NOTNLM; 2018/01/05 06:00 [entrez]; 2018/01/05 06:00 [pubmed]; 2018/01/05 06:01 [medline]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Iran
ISSN/ISBN
2008-4633; 2008-4633
Accession Number
PMID: 29299209
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29299209
Abstract
Background: Waterpipe smoking is a growing public health threat worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess waterpipe smoking prevalence and its associated factors among Iranian adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kerman, Iran, recruiting 1090 adult participants using multistage sampling in 2016. A self-reported researcher-designed questionnaire was used. The socio-demographic characteristics and waterpipe smoking behaviors such as pattern, duration, and the most common place of waterpipe use, the type of tobacco, and the concurrent use of alcohol and substances were assessed. Data analyses were performed using chi-square, independent t-test, and multiple logistic regression. Findings: The prevalence of ever, current and daily waterpipe smoking were 43.8%, 28.8%, and 7.2%, respectively. Men initiated to use waterpipe in more early ages than women (P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Danaei,M., Jabbarinejad-Kermani,A., Mohebbi,E., Momeni,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC5742413
Editors
|
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| Prevalence and determinants of tobacco use among young people in The Gambia | 2017 | Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, UK Center for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Nottingham, Clinical Science Building, CityHospital, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK.; Ministry of Health & Social Welfare, National Public Health Labora(TRUNCATED | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMJ global health
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMJ Glob.Health.
Pub Date Free Form
28-Dec
Volume
2
Issue
4
Start Page
e000482
Other Pages
2017-000482. eCollection 2017
Notes
LR: 20181113; GR: MR/K023195/1/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom; JID: 101685275; OTO: NOTNLM; 2017/07/18 00:00 [received]; 2017/08/30 00:00 [revised]; 2017/09/01 00:00 [accepted]; 2018/01/16 06:00 [entrez]; 2018/01/16 06:00 [pubmed]; 2018/01/16 06:
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
2059-7908; 2059-7908
Accession Number
PMID: 29333286
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000482 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29333286
Abstract
Introduction: Tobacco consumption and consequent morbidity and mortality are expected to grow most markedly over coming decades in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Preventing tobacco experimentation and uptake among young people in LMICs is therefore vital. However, data on smoking in these countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, remain sparse. Method: We used two-stage cluster random sampling to select students in upper and senior secondary schools throughout The Gambia, and a self-administered questionnaire to collect data on their tobacco use, risk factors and demographic details. Results: Of 10 392 eligible students, 10 289 (99%; 55% girls and 44% boys, age 12-20 years) participated. The prevalence of ever smoking cigarettes, cigars or pipes was 16.7% (25.7% boys and 9.4% girls) and current (past 30 days) smoking 4.5% (7.9% boys and 1.5% girls). Smoking was more common among students attending private schools (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.29 to 2.22), of Christian or other faiths compared with Muslims, living with parents (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.81), who had smoking allowed in their homes (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.30 to 2.13), with family members who smoked or had one or more friends who smoked. Most (55.6%) smokers want to stop, but only 22% received any stop smoking support. Ever smoking of shisha, at 8.1%, was unexpectedly high, and relatively prevalent among girls (11.4% of boys and 5.4% of girls). Conclusions: Tobacco use is common among young people in The Gambia. Shisha smoking is also common in this population, and in relative terms especially among girls. Further work is required to determine whether this is a problem local to The Gambia or reflects a wider pattern of tobacco use in sub-Saharan Africa.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Jallow,I.K., Britton,J., Langley,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20171228
PMCID
PMC5759717
Editors
|
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| Price elasticity of demand of non-cigarette tobacco products: a systematic review and meta-analysis | 2018 | Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK.; Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK.; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.; Melbourn(TRUNCATED | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
27
Issue
6
Start Page
689
Other Pages
695
Notes
LR: 20190426; CI: (c) Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018; GR: R01 DA043950/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: RP_2014-04-032/Department of Health/United Kingdom; JID: 9209612; NIHMS957362; OTO:
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 29363611
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Systematic Review; IM
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054056 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29363611
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the price elasticity of demand of non-cigarette tobacco products. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Embase, EconLit and the Web of Science without language or time restrictions. STUDY SELECTION: Two reviewers screened title and abstracts, then full texts, independently and in duplicate. We based eligibility criteria on study design (interventional or observational), population (individuals or communities without geographic restrictions), intervention (price change) and outcome (change in demand). DATA EXTRACTION: We abstracted data on study features, outcome measures, statistical approach, and single best own- and cross-price elasticity estimates with respect to cigarettes. We conducted a random effects meta-analysis for estimates of similar product, outcome and country income level. For other studies we reported median elasticities by product and country income level. DATA SYNTHESIS: We analysed 36 studies from 15 countries yielding 125 elasticity estimates. A 10% price increase would reduce demand by: 8.3% for cigars (95% CI 2.9 to 13.8), 6.4% for roll your owns (95% CI 4.3 to 8.4), 5.7% for bidis (95% CI 4.3 to 7.1) and 2.1% for smokeless tobacco (95% CI -0.6 to 4.8). Median price elasticities for all ten products were also negative. Results from few studies that examined cross-price elasticity suggested a positive substitution effect between cigarette and non-cigarette tobacco products. CONCLUSIONS: There is sufficient evidence in support of the effectiveness of price increases to reduce consumption of non-cigarette tobacco products as it is for cigarettes. Positive substitutability between cigarette and non-cigarette tobacco products suggest that tax and price increases need to be simultaneous and comparable across all tobacco products.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Jawad,M., Lee,J.T., Glantz,S., Millett,C.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20180123
PMCID
PMC6056338
Editors
|
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| A review of risk perception measurement in tobacco control research | 2018 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
Issue
Start Page
tobaccocontrol
Other Pages
2017-054005
Notes
pmid:29432136
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29432136
Abstract
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
Data Source
google
Authors
Kaufman, Annette R, Persoskie, Alexander, Twesten, Jenny, Bromberg, Julie
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Alterations in oral microbial flora induced by waterpipe tobacco smoking | 2018 | Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Irbid, Jordan.; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Irbid, Jordan.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy,(TRUNCATED | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of general medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Gen.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
2-Feb
Volume
11
Issue
Start Page
47
Other Pages
54
Notes
LR: 20181113; JID: 101515487; OTO: NOTNLM; 2018/02/15 06:00 [entrez]; 2018/02/15 06:00 [pubmed]; 2018/02/15 06:01 [medline]; epublish
Place of Publication
New Zealand
ISSN/ISBN
1178-7074; 1178-7074
Accession Number
PMID: 29440924
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.2147/IJGM.S150553 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29440924
Abstract
Background: Waterpipe smoking is a global health problem and a serious public concern. Little is known about the effects of waterpipe smoking on oral health. In the current study, we examined the alterations of oral microbial flora by waterpipe smoking. Methods: One hundred adult healthy subjects (59 waterpipe smokers and 41 non-smokers) were recruited into the study. Swabs were taken from the oral cavity and subgingival regions. Standard culturing techniques were used to identify types, frequency, and mean number of microorganisms in cultures obtained from the subjects. Results: It was notable that waterpipe smokers were significantly associated with a history of oral infections. In subgingiva, Acinetobacter and Moraxella species were present only in waterpipe smokers. In addition, the frequency of Candida albicans was higher in the subgingiva of waterpipe smokers (p = 0.023) while the frequency of Fusobacterium nucleatum was significantly lower in the subgingiva of waterpipe smokers (p = 0.036). However, no change was observed in other tested bacteria, such as Campylobacter species; Viridans group streptococci, Enterobacteriaceae, and Staphylococcus aureus. In oral cavity and when colony-forming units were considered, the only bacterial species that showed significant difference were the black-pigmented bacteria (p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Shakhatreh,M.A.K., Khabour,O.F., Alzoubi,K.H., Masadeh,M.M., Hussein,E.I., Bshara,G.N.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20180202
PMCID
PMC5799848
Editors
|
|||
| Alterations in oral microbial flora induced by waterpipe tobacco smoking | 2018 | Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Irbid, Jordan.; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Irbid, Jordan.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy,(TRUNCATED | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of general medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Gen.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
2-Feb
Volume
11
Issue
Start Page
47
Other Pages
54
Notes
LR: 20181113; JID: 101515487; OTO: NOTNLM; 2018/02/15 06:00 [entrez]; 2018/02/15 06:00 [pubmed]; 2018/02/15 06:01 [medline]; epublish
Place of Publication
New Zealand
ISSN/ISBN
1178-7074; 1178-7074
Accession Number
PMID: 29440924
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.2147/IJGM.S150553 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29440924
Abstract
Background: Waterpipe smoking is a global health problem and a serious public concern. Little is known about the effects of waterpipe smoking on oral health. In the current study, we examined the alterations of oral microbial flora by waterpipe smoking. Methods: One hundred adult healthy subjects (59 waterpipe smokers and 41 non-smokers) were recruited into the study. Swabs were taken from the oral cavity and subgingival regions. Standard culturing techniques were used to identify types, frequency, and mean number of microorganisms in cultures obtained from the subjects. Results: It was notable that waterpipe smokers were significantly associated with a history of oral infections. In subgingiva, Acinetobacter and Moraxella species were present only in waterpipe smokers. In addition, the frequency of Candida albicans was higher in the subgingiva of waterpipe smokers (p = 0.023) while the frequency of Fusobacterium nucleatum was significantly lower in the subgingiva of waterpipe smokers (p = 0.036). However, no change was observed in other tested bacteria, such as Campylobacter species; Viridans group streptococci, Enterobacteriaceae, and Staphylococcus aureus. In oral cavity and when colony-forming units were considered, the only bacterial species that showed significant difference were the black-pigmented bacteria (p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Shakhatreh,M.A.K., Khabour,O.F., Alzoubi,K.H., Masadeh,M.M., Hussein,E.I., Bshara,G.N.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20180202
PMCID
PMC5799848
Editors
|
|||
| Self-Identified Tobacco Use and Harm Perceptions Among US Youth | 2018 | Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; and wgn9@cdc.gov.; Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease(TRUNCATED | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Pediatrics
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pediatrics
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
141
Issue
4
Start Page
10.1542/peds.2017
Other Pages
3523. Epub 2018 Mar 15
Notes
LR: 20190411; CI: Copyright (c) 2018; JID: 0376422; 2018/01/24 00:00 [accepted]; 2018/03/17 06:00 [pubmed]; 2019/04/12 06:00 [medline]; 2018/03/17 06:00 [entrez]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1098-4275; 0031-4005
Accession Number
PMID: 29545271
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; AIM; IM
DOI
e20173523 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29545271
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We investigated tobacco-related self-identity and risk perceptions among adolescent tobacco users. METHODS: Data were analyzed for 20 675 US sixth- to 12th-graders from the 2016 National Youth Tobacco Survey. Students who reported past-30-day use of a specific tobacco product or >/=2 products but denied having used "any tobacco product" in the past 30 days were classified as not self-identifying as tobacco users. Tobacco product harm perceptions were further assessed across products. Descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Among past-30-day users of >/=1 specific tobacco product type, those denying having used any tobacco products in the past 30 days included single-product users of roll-your-own and/or pipe tobacco (82.2%), electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) (59.7%), cigars (56.6%), hookah (44.0%), smokeless tobacco (38.5%), and cigarettes (26.5%) as well as poly-tobacco users (12.7%). The odds of denying using any tobacco products were higher among those without symptoms of nicotine dependence than those with symptoms (adjusted odds ratio = 2.16); and those who access their tobacco products via social sources than those who bought them (adjusted odds ratio = 3.81; all P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
by the American Academy of Pediatrics
Data Source
Authors
Agaku,I., Odani,S., Vardavas,C., Neff,L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20180315
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Pleasure and practice: a qualitative study of the individual and social underpinnings of shisha use in cafes among youth in the UK | 2018 | Outreach department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda.; Department of Medicine, Havard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; Health Promotion Department, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMJ open
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMJ Open
Pub Date Free Form
13-Apr
Volume
8
Issue
4
Start Page
e018989
Other Pages
2017-018989
Notes
LR: 20190307; CI: (c) Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018; JID: 101552874; OTO: NOTNLM; 2018/04/15 06:00 [entrez]; 2018/04/15 06:00 [pubmed]; 2019/03/08 06:00 [medline]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
2044-6055; 2044-6055
Accession Number
PMID: 29654007
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018989 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29654007
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To explore (1) the social function of shisha cafes for young people living in the UK and (2) other alternative activities (existing or potential) that do not involve tobacco smoking. METHODS: We conducted qualitative interviews with young adults (age 18-30) in Leeds, UK. Snowballing sampling was used in selecting the participants. Interviews were audio-recorded and explored the perspectives and experiences of young people in as well as potential alternative activities. Data were transcribed and analysed thematically. RESULTS: Shisha use plays a central role in social interactions. Youth described using shisha because of emotional and sensory pleasure. Shisha use was implicitly endorsed by respected professionals, such as doctors and university lecturers, who were seen smoking it. Most, but not all, shisha smokers acknowledged that shisha use is harmful. Suggestions for reducing shisha use included use of non- tobacco alternatives, legislation to reduce access and alternative means for socialising, such as sports. CONCLUSION: For young people in the UK, the known health dangers of shisha are outweighed by its social benefits and shisha is perceived as acceptable. Interventions to reverse the increase in shisha cafes should focus on both individual smoker as well as the community, without sacrificing the importance of social interactions.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Mugyenyi,A.E.K., Haberer,J.E., O'Neil,I.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20180413
PMCID
PMC5905732
Editors
|
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| Multiple tobacco use among young adult waterpipe smokers in Egypt | 2018 | Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.; Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt(TRUNCATED | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit
Periodical, Abbrev.
East.Mediterr.Health J.
Pub Date Free Form
5-Apr
Volume
24
Issue
1
Start Page
7
Other Pages
17
Notes
LR: 20190509; CI: Copyright (c) World Health Organization (WHO) 2018; JID: 9608387; OTO: NOTNLM; 2017/09/15 00:00 [received]; 2017/11/21 00:00 [accepted]; 2018/04/17 06:00 [entrez]; 2018/04/17 06:00 [pubmed]; 2018/04/17 06:00 [medline]; epublish
Place of Publication
Egypt
ISSN/ISBN
1020-3397; 1020-3397
Accession Number
PMID: 29658616
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29658616
Abstract
Background: The use of multiple tobacco products is an emerging trend. Studies on multiple use among waterpipe smokers are limited. Objectives: We aimed to estimate the proportion of other tobacco products used by current adult waterpipe smokers in Egypt and identify the determinants of multiple tobacco product use. Methods: Population-based surveys were conducted using interview questionnaires during 2015-2017 in urban Cairo and rural Menoufia. Participants aged 18 years and older were selected using purposive quota non-random sampling. The total sample included 2 014 participants. We analysed the data on 1 490 current waterpipe smokers. Variables recorded included: tobacco use, health beliefs, waterpipe smoking behaviour, sociodemographic characteristics, and perceived effectiveness of pictorial health warnings on waterpipe tobacco packs. Current waterpipe smokers were classified as waterpipe-only users and multiple tobacco product users. Results: Almost half (47.9%) of the current waterpipe smokers used multiple tobacco products; 93.4% were dual users and 6.6% poly-users. The other tobacco products used were cigarettes (86.4%), electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) (7.0%) or both (6.6%). Multiple users were more likely to be younger than waterpipe-only users. Young adult female waterpipe smokers used ENDS 12 times more than young adult males (48.8% versus 4.1% respectively). Non-daily waterpipe smoking, usually smoking at cafes, higher education and knowledge of pictorial health warnings were independent predictors of multiple tobacco product use. Conclusion: Multiple tobacco product use was common among current waterpipe smokers in our study. Interventions to tackle non-cigarette and multiple tobacco use, especially in young adults, are urgently needed.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
. Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo)
Data Source
Authors
Mostafa,A., El Houssinie,M., Fotouh,A.A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20180405
PMCID
Editors
|
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