WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Prevalence of Marijuana-Related Traffic on Twitter, 2012-2013: A Content Analysis	2015	1 Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington.; 2 Department of History, Amherst College , Amherst, Massachusetts.; 1 Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington , Seattle	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking Periodical, Abbrev. Cyberpsychol Behav.Soc.Netw. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 18 Issue 6 Start Page 311 Other Pages 319 Notes LR: 20160601; GR: T32 HD057822/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32HD057822/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; GR: UL1 TR000423/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; GR: UL1TR000423/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 101528721; OID: NLM: PMC4491148; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2152-2723; 2152-2715 Accession Number PMID: 26075917 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1089/cyber.2014.0620 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26075917 Abstract This study assessed marijuana-related content posted by adolescents on Twitter and examined content variation before and after the 2012 U.S. election legalizing recreational use in two states. For two 3-week periods occurring 6 months before and after the election, a 1% random sample was obtained of all tweets matching a set of marijuana-related queries. Original content was separated from reposted content (retweets), and foreign language tweets and those not related to marijuana were excluded. Using a structured codebook, tweet content was categorized (e.g., mention of personal marijuana use, parents' views, perceived effects.) Self-reported age was extracted from tweet metadata when available. Chi-square tests were used to assess differences in content by whether the user self-identified as an adolescent and to compare content pre- versus post-election. The full sample consisted of 71,901 tweets. After excluding nonrelevant tweets and separating original tweets from retweets, the analytic sample included 36,969 original tweets. A majority (65.6%) of original tweets by adolescents (n=1,928) reflected a positive attitude toward marijuana, and 42.9% indicated personal use. Of adolescents' tweets that mentioned parents, 36.0% of tweets indicated parental support for the adolescent's marijuana use. Tweets about personal marijuana use increased from 2012 to 2013, as did positive perceptions about the drug. Adolescents and others on Twitter are exposed to positive discussion normalizing use. Over the study period, Twitter was increasingly used to disclose marijuana use. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Thompson,L., Rivara,F.P., Whitehill,J.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4491148 Editors
Bacterial Composition of the Human Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiome Is Dynamic and Associated with Genomic Instability in a Barrett's Esophagus Cohort	2015	Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America; Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.; Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PloS one Periodical, Abbrev. PLoS One Pub Date Free Form 15-Jun Volume 10 Issue 6 Start Page e0129055 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160610; BioProject/PRJNA270661; GR: K05 CA124911/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: K05 CA124911/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P01 CA 91955/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P01 CA091955/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30 CA015704/CA/NCI NIH H Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1932-6203; 1932-6203 Accession Number PMID: 26076489 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0129055 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26076489 Abstract BACKGROUND: The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has increased nearly five-fold over the last four decades in the United States. Barrett's esophagus, the replacement of the normal squamous epithelial lining with a mucus-secreting columnar epithelium, is the only known precursor to EAC. Like other parts of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the esophagus hosts a variety of bacteria and comparisons among published studies suggest bacterial communities in the stomach and esophagus differ. Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori in the stomach has been inversely associated with development of EAC, but the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. METHODOLOGY: The bacterial composition in the upper GI tract was characterized in a subset of participants (n=12) of the Seattle Barrett's Esophagus Research cohort using broad-range 16S PCR and pyrosequencing of biopsy and brush samples collected from squamous esophagus, Barrett's esophagus, stomach corpus and stomach antrum. Three of the individuals were sampled at two separate time points. Prevalence of H. pylori infection and subsequent development of aneuploidy (n=339) and EAC (n=433) was examined in a larger subset of this cohort. RESULTS/SIGNIFICANCE: Within individuals, bacterial communities of the stomach and esophagus showed overlapping community membership. Despite closer proximity, the stomach antrum and corpus communities were less similar than the antrum and esophageal samples. Re-sampling of study participants revealed similar upper GI community membership in two of three cases. In this Barrett's esophagus cohort, Streptococcus and Prevotella species dominate the upper GI and the ratio of these two species is associated with waist-to-hip ratio and hiatal hernia length, two known EAC risk factors in Barrett's esophagus. H. pylori-positive individuals had a significantly decreased incidence of aneuploidy and a non-significant trend toward lower incidence of EAC. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gall,A., Fero,J., McCoy,C., Claywell,B.C., Sanchez,C.A., Blount,P.L., Li,X., Vaughan,T.L., Matsen,F.A., Reid,B.J., Salama,N.R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150615 PMCID PMC4468150 Editors
Predictors of adherence to pharmacological and behavioral treatment in a cessation trial among smokers in Aleppo, Syria	2015	Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. Electronic address: zbent002@fiu.edu.; Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA; Syrian Center for Tobacco St	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Drug and alcohol dependence Periodical, Abbrev. Drug Alcohol Depend. Pub Date Free Form 1-Aug Volume 153 Issue Start Page 167 Other Pages 172 Notes LR: 20160801; CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: 1R01DA024876/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA024876/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA035160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7513587; NIHMS697922; OID: NLM: NIHMS697922; OID: NLM: PMC4509913; O Place of Publication Ireland ISSN/ISBN 1879-0046; 0376-8716 Accession Number PMID: 26077603 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.05.038 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26077603 Abstract INTRODUCTION: The development of evidence-based smoking cessation programs is in its infancy in developing countries, which continue to bear the main brunt of the tobacco epidemic. Adherence to treatment recommendations is an important determinant of the success of smoking cessation programs, but little is known about factors influencing adherence to either pharmacological or behavioral treatment in developing countries settings. Our study represents the first attempt to examine the predictors of adherence to cessation treatment in a low-income developing country. METHODS: Predictors of adherence to pharmacological and behavioral treatment were identified by analyzing data from a multi-site, two-group, parallel-arm, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled smoking cessation trial in primary care clinics in Aleppo, Syria. Participants received 3 in-person behavioral counseling sessions plus 5 brief follow-up phone counseling sessions, and were randomized to either 6 weeks of nicotine or placebo patch. RESULTS: Of the 269 participants, 68% adhered to pharmacological treatment, while 70% adhered to behavioral counseling. In logistic regression modeling, lower adherence to pharmacological and behavioral treatment was associated with higher daily smoking at baseline, greater withdrawal symptoms, and perception of receiving placebo instead of active nicotine patch. Women showed lower adherence than men to behavioral treatment, while being assigned to placebo condition and baseline waterpipe use were associated with lower adherence to pharmacological treatment. CONCLUSION: Adherence to cessation treatment for cigarette smokers in low-income countries such as Syria may benefit from integrated cessation components that provide intensive treatment for subjects with higher nicotine dependence, and address concurrent waterpipe use at all stages. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ireland Ltd Data Source Authors Ben Taleb,Z., Ward,K.D., Asfar,T., Bahelah,R., Maziak,W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150606 PMCID PMC4509913 Editors
Reasons to use e-cigarettes and associations with other substances among adolescents in Switzerland	2015	Research Group on Adolescent Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, 10 Route de la Corniche, CH-1010 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: joan-carles.suris@chuv.ch.; Institute of Social Sciences & LIVES, B	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Drug and alcohol dependence Periodical, Abbrev. Drug Alcohol Depend. Pub Date Free Form 1-Aug Volume 153 Issue Start Page 140 Other Pages 144 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 7513587; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/12/03 [received]; 2015/05/21 [revised]; 2015/05/22 [accepted]; 2015/05/28 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Ireland ISSN/ISBN 1879-0046; 0376-8716 Accession Number PMID: 26077606 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.05.034 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26077606 Abstract BACKGROUND: The objectives of this research were to describe the main reason(s) why adolescents use electronic cigarettes, to assess how e-cigarette experimenters and users differ based on personal characteristics, and to determine whether its use is associated with the use of other substances among a representative sample of youths in Switzerland. METHODS: A representative sample of 621 youths (308 females) was divided into never users (n=353), experimenters (Only once, n=120) and users (Several times, n=148) of e-cigarettes. Groups were compared on socio-demographic data and current smoking, alcohol misuse and cannabis use. Reasons for e-cigarette use were compared between experimenters and users. A multinomial regression was performed using never users as the reference category. RESULTS: Forty-three percent had ever tried e-cigarettes, and the main reason was curiosity. Compared to never users, experimenters were more likely to be out of school (Relative Risk Ratio [RRR]: 2.68) and to misuse alcohol (RRR: 2.08), while users were more likely to be male (RRR: 2.75), to be vocational students (RRR: 2.30) or out of school (RRR: 3.48) and to use any of the studied substances (tobacco, RRR: 5.26; alcohol misuse, RRR: 2.71; cannabis use, RRR: 30.2). CONCLUSIONS: Although often still part of adolescent experimentation, e-cigarettes are becoming increasingly popular among adolescents and they should become part of health providers' standard substance use screening. As health providers (and especially paediatricians) do not seem to have high levels of knowledge and, consequently, little comfort in discussing e-cigarettes, training in this domain should be available to them. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ireland Ltd Data Source Authors Suris,J.C., Berchtold,A., Akre,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150528 PMCID Editors
Cluster of Ebola Virus Disease, Bong and Montserrado Counties, Liberia	2015		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Emerging infectious diseases Periodical, Abbrev. Emerg.Infect.Dis. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 21 Issue 7 Start Page 1253 Other Pages 1256 Notes LR: 20150701; JID: 9508155; OID: NLM: PMC4480411; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1080-6059; 1080-6040 Accession Number PMID: 26079309 Language eng SubFile Case Reports; Journal Article; IM DOI 10.3201/eid2107.150511 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26079309 Abstract Lack of trust in government-supported services after the death of a health care worker with symptoms of Ebola resulted in ongoing Ebola transmission in 2 Liberia counties. Ebola transmission was facilitated by attempts to avoid cremation of the deceased patient and delays in identifying and monitoring contacts. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Nyenswah,T.G., Fallah,M., Calvert,G.M., Duwor,S., Hamilton,E.D., Mokashi,V., Arzoaquoi,S., Dweh,E., Burbach,R., Dlouhy,D., Oeltmann,J.E., Moonan,P.K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4480411 Editors
High performance concentration method for viruses in drinking water	2015	Institute of Hydrochemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Technische Universitat Munchen, Marchioninistr. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany.; Institute of Hydrochemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Technische Universitat Munchen, Marchioninistr. 17, 81377 M	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of virological methods Periodical, Abbrev. J.Virol.Methods Pub Date Free Form 15-Sep Volume 222 Issue Start Page 132 Other Pages 137 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 8005839; 0 (Drinking Water); OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/02/17 [received]; 2015/05/21 [revised]; 2015/06/14 [accepted]; 2015/06/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1879-0984; 0166-0934 Accession Number PMID: 26093027 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.06.007 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26093027 Abstract According to the risk assessment of the WHO, highly infectious pathogenic viruses like rotaviruses should not be present in large-volume drinking water samples of up to 90 m(3). On the other hand, quantification methods for viruses are only operable in small volumes, and presently no concentration procedure for processing such large volumes has been reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to demonstrate a procedure for processing viruses in-line of a drinking water pipeline by ultrafiltration (UF) and consecutive further concentration by monolithic filtration (MF) and centrifugal ultrafiltration (CeUF) of viruses to a final 1-mL sample. For testing this concept, the model virus bacteriophage MS2 was spiked continuously in UF instrumentation. Tap water was processed in volumes between 32.4 m(3) (22 h) and 97.7 m(3) (72 h) continuously either in dead-end (DE) or cross-flow (CF) mode. Best results were found by DE-UF over 22 h. The concentration of MS2 was increased from 4.2x10(4) GU/mL (genomic units per milliliter) to 3.2x10(10) GU/mL and from 71 PFU/mL to 2x10(8) PFU/mL as determined by qRT-PCR and plaque assay, respectively. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Kunze,A., Pei,L., Elsasser,D., Niessner,R., Seidel,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150618 PMCID Editors
E-cigarette Use and Beliefs Among Urban Public High School Students in North Carolina	2015	Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatric Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina. Electronic address: VAnandAiims23@gmail.com.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, D	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. J.Adolesc.Health Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 57 Issue 1 Start Page 46 Other Pages 51 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: 212710-664430/PHS HHS/United States; JID: 9102136; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/12/08 [received]; 2015/03/16 [revised]; 2015/03/16 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1879-1972; 1054-139X Accession Number PMID: 26095408 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Observational Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.018 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26095408 Abstract PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence, attitudes, and risk factors associated with electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among high school students in tobacco growing state. METHODS: A 47-item e-cigarette questionnaire modeled after Monitoring the Future with additional information about demographics, adolescent and family nicotine use, and school and health care interventions was designed, piloted, and administered to public high school students (N = 3,298) in May 2013, in an urban county in North Carolina. RESULTS: Completers (2,769/3,298) were aged 16.4 years (standard deviation +/- 1.4) with 48.9% males and 43.9% African-American, 38% white, and 4.6% Hispanics. The majority (77.3%) knew about e-cigarettes; 15.2% reported that they had tried an e-cigarette, and 60% reported that e-cigarettes were safe or had minimal health hazards. Only 5.4% reported that schools had offered information about e-cigarette use. One quarter (24.9%) reported ever cigarette smoking, and 13.3% reported ever using smokeless tobacco. E-cigarette use was positively associated with older age, tobacco use, male gender, Caucasian race, mother's e-cigarette use, biological parents' tobacco use, and lower academic performance, whereas negatively associated with having a mother who never used e-cigarettes, not knowing any e-cigarette users, and living with mother (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Anand,V., McGinty,K.L., O'Brien,K., Guenthner,G., Hahn,E., Martin,C.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Electronic cigarette: use and perceptions among French military nurses in 2013	2015	Ecole du personnel paramedical des armees, Toulon, France.; Centre d'epidemiologie et de sante publique des armees, Marseille, France.; Centre d'epidemiologie et de sante publique des armees, Marseille, France, and UMR 912: INSERM-IRD-Universite Aix-Marse	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Swiss medical weekly Periodical, Abbrev. Swiss Med.Wkly. Pub Date Free Form 22-Jun Volume 145 Issue Start Page w14137 Other Pages Notes JID: 100970884; 2015/06/22 [epublish]; 2015 [ecollection]; epublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1424-3997; 0036-7672 Accession Number PMID: 26098765 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.4414/smw.2015.14137 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26098765 Abstract AIMS: Paramedical personnel are exposed to tobacco smoking. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) may be considered as a lower-risk substitute for cigarettes. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of e-cigarette use, the motives for use and the perceptions among French military nurses. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey, using self-administered questionnaires, was conducted in 2013 among 300 students and instructors of the French school of military paramedical personnel. Prevalences of e-cigarette use among smokers and nonsmokers were compared using logistic regressions adjusted on age and gender. RESULTS: The prevalence of smoking was 40% among the 200 responders. E-cigarette current use prevalence was 25% (6% daily users), without significant difference according to gender and age. Tobacco smokers reported significantly more e-cigarette current use (51% vs7%). Motives for e-cigarette use reported by smokers were curiosity (48%), intention to reduce tobacco consumption (43%) or to quit smoking (8%). Among users of both tobacco and e-cigarettes, 48% reported a significant decrease in tobacco consumption following e-cigarette initiation (average decrease of 5-10 cigarettes smoked per day; p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Guillet,S., Sicard,S., Meynard,J.B., Mayet,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150622 PMCID Editors
Subjective well-being and hookah use among adults in the United States: A nationally-representative sample	2015	Department of Psychology, Queens College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), Flushing, NY 11367, USA. Electronic address: agrinberg@qc.cuny.edu.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Drug and alcohol dependence Periodical, Abbrev. Drug Alcohol Depend. Pub Date Free Form 1-Aug Volume 153 Issue Start Page 242 Other Pages 249 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 7513587; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/11/04 [received]; 2015/05/03 [revised]; 2015/05/08 [accepted]; 2015/05/27 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Ireland ISSN/ISBN 1879-0046; 0376-8716 Accession Number PMID: 26099176 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.05.020 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26099176 Abstract BACKGROUND: Using a nationally-representative dataset of adults 18-30 years old in the United States, this study examined the relationship between hookah use and subjective well-being. Levels of sadness, happiness, tiredness, pain, and stress were compared between persons who have used hookah and those who have not. METHODS: Data were merged from the Tobacco Use Supplement of the Current Population Survey, the American Time Use Survey, and the Subjective Well-being Supplement to the American Time Use Survey for the years 2010-2012 for persons 18-30 years old (n=1147). Wald tests were used to compare mean differences in subjective well-being between hookah users and non-users. Lastly, multivariable regression was used to determine whether there were significant differences in subjective well-being between hookah users and non-users, controlling for demographic factors, self-perceived health, and cigarette smoking. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence rate of hookah use was 5.2% among 18-30 year olds. Hookah users reported higher levels of stress and sadness than non-users. These relationships remained significant after controlling for demographic characteristics, self-perceived health, and cigarette use. The results were robust to the use of different statistical models, different age cut-offs, the inclusion of additional covariates (such as income and population density), and separate analyses by sex. CONCLUSIONS: Hookah use is an emerging public health issue associated with increased levels of stress and sadness. Similar to cigarette use, healthcare providers may consider expanding their screening tests to include hookah use. Public policy geared toward greater prevention and control of hookah use is also recommended. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ireland Ltd Data Source Authors Grinberg,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150527 PMCID Editors
An overview of smoking practices in Pakistan	2015	Dr. Noreen Shah, MBBS, MAMS (Austria), Senior Lecturer, Department of Community Medicine, Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan.; Dr. Saad Siddiqui, MBBS (AKU), Resident, Department of Radiology, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pakistan journal of medical sciences Periodical, Abbrev. Pak.J.Med.Sci. Pub Date Free Form Mar-Apr Volume 31 Issue 2 Start Page 467 Other Pages 470 Notes LR: 20150625; JID: 100913117; OID: NLM: PMC4476364; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/11/08 [received]; 2015/01/05 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Pakistan ISSN/ISBN 1682-024X; 1681-715X Accession Number PMID: 26101513 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review DOI 10.12669/pjms.312.6816 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26101513 Abstract Smoking remains a major player in morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is a matter of immense public health importance as single leading cause of preventable deaths. The aim of this study was to assess smoking practices that prevail across Pakistan & Attitude of people towards this issue. We conducted an extensive search on major databases as well as search of bibliography of published literature for studies assessing Attitudes and Practices of tobacco smoking that prevail across Pakistan. Data from available studies was abstracted and utilized in preparation of this manuscript. After screening of 613 articles, we were able to identify 22 studies matching our criteria for inclusion. Majority of studies reported adolescence as time of initiation. Average national prevalence was 21.6%. A significant portion of smokers comprised of females. The prevalence of smoking in healthcare professionals ranged from 32 - 37%. Passive smoking was a major contributor of tobacco exposure. Prevalence of 'Shisha' use was 33%. Smoking continues to be a major Public Health issue in Pakistan. The prevalence in healthcare professionals and adolescents is alarming. Adequate measures need to be taken to ensure its control. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Shah,N., Siddiqui,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4476364 Editors

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