Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year | Author | SearchLink Sort descending |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rapid determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in grilled meat using microwave-assisted extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry | 2015 | Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Faculty | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Meat Science
Periodical, Abbrev.
Meat Sci.
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
103
Issue
Start Page
61
Other Pages
67
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 101160862; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/06/18 [received]; 2014/12/09 [revised]; 2015/01/05 [accepted]; 2015/01/08 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1873-4138; 0309-1740
Accession Number
PMID: 25618021
Language
eng
SubFile
Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.01.001 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25618021
Abstract
A simple and rapid analytical tech nique for the simultaneous determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in grilled meat was developed using microwave-assisted extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (MAE-DLLME) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The effective parameters in DLLME process were optimized. Good linear relationships were obtained for 16 PAHs in a range of 1-200 ng g(-1), with a correlation coefficient (R(2)) higher than 0.98. Limits of detection and limits of quantification were 0.15-0.3 ng g(-1) and 0.47-1 ng g(-1), respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSD%) for seven analyses were less than 9%. The recoveries of those compounds in grilled meat were obtained from 85% to 104%. Low consumption of the solvent, high recovery, short extraction time, no matrix interference and good merit figures compared to other methods are advantages of the proposed method. The performance of the present method was evaluated for the determination of PAHs in various types of real grilled meat samples, and satisfactory results were obtained.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Kamankesh,M., Mohammadi,A., Hosseini,H., Modarres Tehrani,Z.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150108
PMCID
Editors
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| The waterpipe: an emerging global epidemic in need of action | 2015 | Read more... | |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
24 Suppl 1
Issue
Start Page
i1
Other Pages
i2
Notes
LR: 20150319; JID: 9209612; 059QF0KO0R (Water); OID: NLM: PMC4345809; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/01/24 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 25618894
Language
eng
SubFile
Editorial; Introductory Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-052203 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25618894
Abstract
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ward,K.D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150124
PMCID
PMC4345809
Editors
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| The allure of the waterpipe: a narrative review of factors affecting the epidemic rise in waterpipe smoking among young persons globally | 2015 | Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.; Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; Faculty of Health Scie | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
24 Suppl 1
Issue
Start Page
i13
Other Pages
i21
Notes
LR: 20150319; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; JID: 9209612; 059QF0KO0R (Water); OID: NLM: PMC434597
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 25618895
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Review; IM
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051906 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25618895
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this narrative review is to highlight the determinants of the epidemic rise in waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) among youth globally. The Ecological Model of Health Promotion (EMHP) was the guiding framework for the review. DATA SOURCES: The following electronic databases were searched: Cochrane library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and CINAHL Plus with Full Text. Search terms included waterpipe and its many variant terms. STUDY SELECTION: Articles were included if they were published between 1990 and 2014, were in English, were available in full text and included the age group 10-29 years. DATA EXTRACTION: Articles which analysed determinants of WTS at any of the levels of the EMHP were retained regardless of methodological rigour: 131 articles are included. Articles were coded in a standard template that abstracted methods as well as results. DATA SYNTHESIS: The review found that methodologies used to assess determinants of WTS among youth were often conventional and lacked rigor: 3/4 of the studies were cross-sectional surveys and most enrolled non-representative samples. Within the framework, the review identified determinants of WTS at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, organisational, community and policy levels. CONCLUSIONS: The review suggests potential interventions to control WTS among youth, with emphasis on creative utilisation of social media, and tobacco control policies that include the specificities of WTS. The review further suggests the need for rigorous qualitative work to better contextualise determinants, and prospective observational and experimental studies that track and manipulate them to assess their viability as intervention targets.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Akl,E.A., Ward,K.D., Bteddini,D., Khaliel,R., Alexander,A.C., Lotfi,T., Alaouie,H., Afifi,R.A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150124
PMCID
PMC4345979
Editors
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| Twitter chatter about marijuana | 2015 | Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. Electronic address: rehgp@psychiatry.wustl.edu.; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.; Department of Psychiatry, W | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Adolesc.Health
Pub Date Free Form
Feb
Volume
56
Issue
2
Start Page
139
Other Pages
145
Notes
LR: 20160202; CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: R01 DA032843/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA032843/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA039455/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA039455/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01DA031288/DA/NIDA N
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1879-1972; 1054-139X
Accession Number
PMID: 25620299
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.10.270 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25620299
Abstract
PURPOSE: We sought to examine the sentiment and themes of marijuana-related chatter on Twitter sent by influential Twitter users and to describe the demographics of these Twitter users. METHODS: We assessed the sentiment and themes of a random sample (n = 7,000) of influential marijuana-related tweets (sent from February 5, 20114, to March 5, 2014). Demographics of the users tweeting about marijuana were inferred using a social media analytics company (Demographics Pro for Twitter). RESULTS: Most marijuana-related tweets reflected a positive sentiment toward marijuana use, with pro-marijuana tweets outnumbering anti-marijuana tweets by a factor of greater than 15. The most common theme of pro-marijuana tweets included the Tweeter stating that he/she wants/plans to use marijuana, followed by tweeting about frequent/heavy/or regular marijuana use, and that marijuana has health benefits and/or should be legalized. Tweeters of marijuana-related content were younger and a greater proportion was African-American compared with the Twitter average. CONCLUSIONS: Marijuana Twitter chatter sent by influential Twitter users tends to be pro-marijuana and popular among African-Americans and youth/young adults. Marijuana-related harms may afflict some individuals; therefore, our findings should be used to inform online and offline prevention efforts that work to target individuals who are most at risk for harms associated with marijuana use.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Cavazos-Rehg,P.A., Krauss,M., Fisher,S.L., Salyer,P., Grucza,R.A., Bierut,L.J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC4306811
Editors
|
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| Adiponectin May Modify the Risk of Barrett's Esophagus in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease | 2015 | Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California.; Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California.; Departme | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association
Periodical, Abbrev.
Clin.Gastroenterol.Hepatol.
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
13
Issue
13
Start Page
2256
Other Pages
64.e1-3
Notes
LR: 20151123; CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: R01 DK063616/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DK63616/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: R56 DK087748/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: R56 DK087748/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; JID: 101160775; 0 (Adi
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1542-7714; 1542-3565
Accession Number
PMID: 25632808
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.cgh.2015.01.009 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25632808
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Abdominal obesity and increasing body mass index are risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma and its main precursor, Barrett's esophagus; however, there are no known biological mechanisms for these associations or regarding why only some patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease develop Barrett's esophagus. We evaluated the association between Barrett's esophagus and multimers of an adipose-associated hormone, adiponectin. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study evaluating the associations between adiponectin (total, high-molecular-weight, and low-/medium-molecular-weight) and Barrett's esophagus within the Kaiser Permanente Northern California population. Patients with a new diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus (cases) were matched to patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) without Barrett's esophagus and to population controls. RESULTS: Complete serologic and epidemiologic data were available for 284 cases, 294 GERD controls, and 285 population controls. Increasing adiponectin levels were a risk factor for Barrett's esophagus among patients with GERD (total adiponectin fourth vs first quartile odds ratio [OR], 1.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-3.27; high-molecular-weight adiponectin OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.00-2.73; low-/medium-molecular-weight adiponectin OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.33-3.56), but not compared with population controls. The associations were significantly stronger among patients reporting frequent GERD symptoms and among smokers (P values interaction
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Almers,L.M., Graham,J.E., Havel,P.J., Corley,D.A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150126
PMCID
PMC4515407
Editors
|
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| Public health response to commercial airline travel of a person with Ebola virus infection - United States, 2014 | 2015 | Read more... | |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
30-Jan
Volume
64
Issue
3
Start Page
63
Other Pages
66
Notes
JID: 7802429; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 25632954
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
mm6403a5 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25632954
Abstract
Before the current Ebola epidemic in West Africa, there were few documented cases of symptomatic Ebola patients traveling by commercial airline, and no evidence of transmission to passengers or crew members during airline travel. In July 2014 two persons with confirmed Ebola virus infection who were infected early in the Nigeria outbreak traveled by commercial airline while symptomatic, involving a total of four flights (two international flights and two Nigeria domestic flights). It is not clear what symptoms either of these two passengers experienced during flight; however, one collapsed in the airport shortly after landing, and the other was documented to have fever, vomiting, and diarrhea on the day the flight arrived. Neither infected passenger transmitted Ebola to other passengers or crew on these flights. In October 2014, another airline passenger, a U.S. health care worker who had traveled domestically on two commercial flights, was confirmed to have Ebola virus infection. Given that the time of onset of symptoms was uncertain, an Ebola airline contact investigation in the United States was conducted. In total, follow-up was conducted for 268 contacts in nine states, including all 247 passengers from both flights, 12 flight crew members, eight cleaning crew members, and one federal airport worker (81 of these contacts were documented in a report published previously). All contacts were accounted for by state and local jurisdictions and followed until completion of their 21-day incubation periods. No secondary cases of Ebola were identified in this investigation, confirming that transmission of Ebola during commercial air travel did not occur.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Regan,J.J., Jungerman,R., Montiel,S.H., Newsome,K., Objio,T., Washburn,F., Roland,E., Petersen,E., Twentyman,E., Olaiya,O., Naughton,M., Alvarado-Ramy,F., Lippold,S.A., Tabony,L., McCarty,C.L., Kinsey,C.B., Barnes,M., Black,S., Azzam,I., Stanek,D., Sweitzer,J., Valiani,A., Kohl,K.S., Brown,C., Pesik,N., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Effectiveness of Ebola treatment units and community care centers - Liberia, September 23-October 31, 2014 | 2015 | Read more... | |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
30-Jan
Volume
64
Issue
3
Start Page
67
Other Pages
69
Notes
JID: 7802429; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 25632955
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
mm6403a6 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25632955
Abstract
Previous reports have shown that an Ebola outbreak can be slowed, and eventually stopped, by placing Ebola patients into settings where there is reduced risk for onward Ebola transmission, such as Ebola treatment units (ETUs) and community care centers (CCCs) or equivalent community settings that encourage changes in human behaviors to reduce transmission risk, such as making burials safe and reducing contact with Ebola patients. Using cumulative case count data from Liberia up to August 28, 2014, the EbolaResponse model previously estimated that without any additional interventions or further changes in human behavior, there would have been approximately 23,000 reported Ebola cases by October 31, 2014. In actuality, there were 6,525 reported cases by that date. To estimate the effectiveness of ETUs and CCCs or equivalent community settings in preventing greater Ebola transmission, CDC applied the EbolaResponse model to the period September 23-October 31, 2014, in Liberia. The results showed that admitting Ebola patients to ETUs alone prevented an estimated 2,244 Ebola cases. Having patients receive care in CCCs or equivalent community settings with a reduced risk for Ebola transmission prevented an estimated 4,487 cases. Having patients receive care in either ETUs or CCCs or in equivalent community settings, prevented an estimated 9,100 cases, apparently as the result of a synergistic effect in which the impact of the combined interventions was greater than the sum of the two interventions. Caring for patients in ETUs, CCCs, or in equivalent community settings with reduced risk for transmission can be important components of a successful public health response to an Ebola epidemic.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Washington,M.L., Meltzer,M.L., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Short-term nose-only water-pipe (shisha) smoking exposure accelerates coagulation and causes cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress in mice | 2015 | Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Cell.Physiol.Biochem.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
35
Issue
2
Start Page
829
Other Pages
840
Notes
CI: (c) 2015; JID: 9113221; 0 (Interleukin-6); 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha); 0 (interleukin-6, mouse); 2014/10/29 [accepted]; 2015/01/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Switzerland
ISSN/ISBN
1421-9778; 1015-8987
Accession Number
PMID: 25634761
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1159/000369741 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25634761
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM: Water-pipe smoking (WPS) has acquired worldwide popularity, and is disseminating particularly rapidly in Europe and North America. However, little is known about the short-term cardiovascular effects of WPS. METHODS: Presently, we assessed the short-term cardiovascular effects of nose-only exposure to mainstream WPS in BALB/c mice for 30 min/day for 5 consecutive days. Control mice were exposed to air. At the end of the exposure period, several cardiovascular endpoints were measured. RESULTS: WPS did not affect the number of leukocytes and the plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Likewise, plasma levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase were not affected by WPS. By contrast, WPS aggravated in vivo thrombosis by shortening the thrombotic occlusion time in pial arterioles and venules. The number of circulating platelets was reduced by WPS suggesting the occurrence of platelet aggregation in vivo. Elevated concentrations of fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were seen after the exposure to WPS. Blood samples taken from mice exposed to WPS and exposed to adenosine diphosphate showed more platelet aggregation. The heart concentrations of IL-6 and TNFalpha were augmented by WPS. Likewise, heart levels of LPO, reactive oxygen species and the antioxidants catalase and GSH were increased by WPS. However, the systolic blood pressure and heart rate were not affected by WPS. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that short-term exposure to WPS exerts procoagulatory effects and induce cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress. At the time point investigated, there was no evidence for blood inflammation or oxidative stress.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
S. Karger AG, Basel
Data Source
Authors
Nemmar,A., Yuvaraju,P., Beegam,S., Ali,B.H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150130
PMCID
Editors
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| Comprehensive determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Chinese herbal medicines by solid phase extraction and gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry | 2015 | Qinhuangdao Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
Anal.Bioanal Chem.
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
407
Issue
7
Start Page
1989
Other Pages
1997
Notes
LR: 20160512; JID: 101134327; 0 (Drugs, Chinese Herbal); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 2014/10/17 [received]; 2015/01/05 [accepted]; 2014/12/19 [revised]; 2015/01/31 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1618-2650; 1618-2642
Accession Number
PMID: 25636228
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1007/s00216-015-8463-2 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25636228
Abstract
A simple and highly sensitive gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method combined with solid-phase extraction cleanup was established for the comprehensive determination of 16 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in various kinds of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs). A solid-phase extraction (SPE) purification strategy, including three parallel procedures, was developed depending on sample type, and satisfactory purification performances were achieved for all selected CHMs. The limits of detection ranged from 0.12 to 1.08 mug kg(-1) for the analyzed PAHs. The average recoveries were in the range of 65.9 % to 100.8 %, except for naphthalene (43.8 %-75.9 %), and the relative standard deviations were =12.8 %. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of PAHs in 24 CHMs including five roots, three stems, four flowers, two fruits, four seeds, three leaves, and three barks. In the samples analyzed, all 16 PAHs are present. Their sum ranges from 21.1 to 2236.3 mug kg(-1). The entire procedure was shown to be effective and conveniently fast, and may serve as an alternative screening protocol for the determination of PAHs in CHMs.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cui,Z., Ge,N., Zhang,A., Liu,Y., Zhang,J., Cao,Y.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150131
PMCID
Editors
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| Gout in the age of Justinian - a consequence of lead poisoning? | 2014 | Read more... | |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Dansk medicinhistorisk arbog
Periodical, Abbrev.
Dan.Medicinhist Arbog
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
42
Issue
Start Page
27
Other Pages
42
Notes
JID: 0434570; SML2Y3J35T (Colchicine); PS: Emperor Justinian I; ppublish
Place of Publication
Denmark
ISSN/ISBN
0084-9588; 0084-9588
Accession Number
PMID: 25639068
Language
dan
SubFile
Biography; English Abstract; Historical Article; Journal Article; Portraits; QIS
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25639068
Abstract
Compared to other chronic conditions, gout has a remarkable position in medical, historical and other texts from the Byzantine Empire in the sixth century AD - the age of emperor Justinian. The disease and its treatment is thoroughly described in the medical literature, and an effective and still applied drug for treatment of acute attacks - colchicine - was invented already in the fourth century by Byzantine physicians. The disease was apparently accumulated among Byzantine emperors, and according to one source, Justinian was a patient himself. Also, gout may have been common among the citizens of Constantinople. As gout can be due to lead poisoning, a contributing cause for this accumulation may have been exposure to high levels of lead, originating from water pipes, wine containers and cooking pots used for producing the sweetening grape syrup sapa. Although gout seems to have been a significant, widespread and invalidating disease, its influence on the Byzantine society is uncertain. The position of the disease can be interpreted as an indication that lead poisoning was a common condition, thus contributing to other and possibly more important effects on the population and the society.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Trier,H.
Original/Translated Title
Podagra pa kejser Justinians tid. En folge af blyforgiftning?
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
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