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waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year | Author | SearchLink Sort descending |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diversity of plasmid replicons encoding the bla(CMY-2) gene in broad-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from livestock animals in Japan | 2013 | National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Foodborne pathogens and disease
Periodical, Abbrev.
Foodborne Pathog.Dis.
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
10
Issue
3
Start Page
243
Other Pages
249
Notes
LR: 20141120; JID: 101120121; 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (Bacterial Proteins); 0 (Cephalosporins); 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 83JL932I1C (ceftiofur); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase CMY-2); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase CTX-2); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase TEM-3); EC 3.
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1556-7125; 1535-3141
Accession Number
PMID: 23489047
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1089/fpd.2012.1306 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23489047
Abstract
Broad-spectrum cephalosporin (BSC) resistance has increased in Escherichia coli isolates from broiler chickens in Japan since 2004. The purpose of this study was to understand the epidemiology of BSC-resistant E. coli in livestock animals. Among 3274 E. coli isolates from 1767 feces of apparently healthy animals on 1767 farms between 2004 and 2009, 118 ceftiofur (CTF)-resistant isolates (CTF MIC >/=4 mug/mL) were identified on 74 farms. After elimination of apparently clonal isolates from a single animal, 75 selected CTF-resistant isolates (62 isolates from 61 broiler chickens, 10 isolates from 10 layer chickens, two isolates from two cows, and one isolate from a pig) were characterized. The bla(CMY-2) gene was most frequently detected in 50 isolates, followed by bla(CTX-M) (CTX-M-2: six isolates; CTX-M-14: four isolates; CTX-M-25: two isolates; CTX-M-1: one isolate) and bla(SHV) (SHV-12: seven isolates; SHV-2, SHV-2a, SHV-5: one isolate each). In particular, 42 of 62 broiler chicken isolates harbored bla(CMY-2). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analyses using XbaI revealed divergent profiles among the BSC-resistant isolates. The incompatibility groups of bla(CMY-2) plasmids from 34 of the 42 broiler chicken isolates belonged to IncIgamma (10 isolates), IncA/C (nine isolates), IncB/O (seven isolates) and IncI1 (six isolates), or were nontypeable (two isolates). Co-transmission of resistance to non-beta-lactam antibiotics was observed in transconjugants with IncA/C plasmids, but not with IncI1, IncIgamma, and IncB/O plasmids except for one isolate with IncB/O. Our findings suggest that the bla(CMY-2) gene is a key player in BSC-resistant E. coli isolates and that coselection is unlikely to be associated with the abundance of bla(CMY-2) plasmids, except for IncA/C plasmids.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Hiki,M., Usui,M., Kojima,A., Ozawa,M., Ishii,Y., Asai,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Microwave assisted extraction combined with solvent bar microextraction for one-step solvent-minimized extraction, cleanup and preconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil samples | 2013 | Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of chromatography.A
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.A
Pub Date Free Form
19-Apr
Volume
1286
Issue
Start Page
9
Other Pages
15
Notes
LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 9318488; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Soil); 0 (Soil Pollutants); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); 2012/12/13 [received]; 2013/02/21 [revised]; 2013/02/21 [accepted]; 2013/02/27 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-3778; 0021-9673
Accession Number
PMID: 23497848
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.chroma.2013.02.067 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23497848
Abstract
For the first time, a novel one-step sample preparation method that combines microwave assisted extraction and solvent bar microextraction (MAE-SBME) with analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), was developed for the fast and efficient determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental soil samples. An interesting feature of the new procedure is that SBME was conducted simultaneously with MAE. Thus, the extract from the SBME could be directly and immediately analyzed by GC-MS. A separate clean up and/or preconcentration process, such as time-consuming and tedious gel permeation chromatography, solid-phase extraction, filtration, or adsorption chromatography, normally associated with conventional MAE, was not necessary. It is also notable that the procedure was environmentally benign since water was used as the extraction solvent in MAE, and only several microliters of organic solvent were used in SBME. Some factors affecting the extraction were studied and optimized. Under the most favorable conditions, the method showed good linearities (between 0.2 and 500, 0.5 and 500, 1 and 500, and 2 and 500 ng/g, depending on the analytes), low limits of detection (from 0.03 to 0.25 ng/g), and satisfactory precision (with relative standard deviations below 9.8%). The MAE-SBME procedure provides a fast and simple sample preparation approach for the processing of environmental soil samples.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Guo,L., Lee,H.K.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130227
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Flavored tobacco product use among U.S. young adults | 2013 | Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, Legacy, Washington, DC 20036, USA. avillanti@legacyforhealth.org | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Am.J.Prev.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
44
Issue
4
Start Page
388
Other Pages
391
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 8704773; 0 (Flavoring Agents); 1490-04-6 (Menthol); 2012/07/06 [received]; 2012/10/02 [revised]; 2012/11/21 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-2607; 0749-3797
Accession Number
PMID: 23498105
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.amepre.2012.11.031 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23498105
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Passage of the U.S. Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act in 2009 led to a ban on the sale of flavored cigarettes, largely because of studies showing targeting of these products to youth and young adults. There are no current restrictions on the marketing or sale of noncigarette or new nontraditional smokeless tobacco products (such as snus and dissolvable products), which are available in more than 45 flavors. PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of flavored tobacco use, dual use of flavored and menthol tobacco products, and sociodemographic predictors of flavored tobacco product use in young adults aged 18-34 years (N=4196). METHODS: The current study utilizes data from Legacy's Young Adult Cohort Study, a nationally representative sample collected in January 2012. Data were analyzed using Stata IC 11.0 in June 2012. RESULTS: Overall, 18.5% of tobacco users report using flavored products, and dual use of menthol and flavored product use ranged from 1% (nicotine products) to 72% (chewing tobacco). In a multivariable model controlling for menthol use, younger adults were more likely to use flavored tobacco products (OR=1.89, 95% CI=1.14, 3.11), and those with a high school education had decreased use of flavored products (OR=0.56; 95% CI=0.32, 0.97). CONCLUSIONS: Differences in use may be due to the continued targeted advertising of flavored products to young adults and minorities. Those most likely to use flavored products are also those most at risk of developing established tobacco-use patterns that persist through their lifetime.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Villanti,A.C., Richardson,A., Vallone,D.M., Rath,J.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Smoking status in Iranian male adolescents: a cross-sectional study and a meta-analysis | 2013 | Prevention of Psychosocial Injuries, Research Centre, Ilam Universty of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Nazarzadeh_milad@yahoo.com | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addictive Behaviors
Periodical, Abbrev.
Addict.Behav.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
38
Issue
6
Start Page
2214
Other Pages
2218
Notes
LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 7603486; 0 (Analgesics, Opioid); 39J1LGJ30J (Tramadol); 2012/07/30 [received]; 2012/11/27 [revised]; 2013/01/29 [accepted]; 2013/02/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1873-6327; 0306-4603
Accession Number
PMID: 23501137
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.01.018 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23501137
Abstract
The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of smoking status and its associated factors in Iranian adolescents and a meta-analysis of recent cross-sectional studies in order to estimate the corresponding prevalence for all Iranian adolescents. In a cross-sectional study, 1064 male high school students in Zanjan city (northwest of Iran) were recruited. A self-administered questionnaire was used for smoking status and associated factors. Through the meta-analysis, all relevant published studies were reviewed. Almost one-third of adolescents (34.2%, n=354) have experienced smoking either experimentally (23.4%, n=242), or regularly (10.8%, n=112). Multivariate analysis showed that older age (OR=1.20; 95% CI: 1.05-1.37), risky behaviors (OR=1.83; 1.25-2.68), Tramadol medication (OR=2.19; 1.54-3.11), low self-esteem (OR=1.07; 1.03-1.11), positive attitude toward smoking (OR=1.15; 1.09-1.21), positive thinking about smoking (OR=1.07; 1.01-1.14) and having smoker friends (OR=1.94; 1.36-2.77) were significantly associated with cigarette smoking in adolescents. Meta-analysis results showed that 7% of Iranian adolescents are regular smokers and 27% are experimenters. Increasing prevalence of smoking in Iranian adolescents is a major concern for public health. Controlling risky behaviors and increasing health education are recommended.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Nazarzadeh,M., Bidel,Z., Ayubi,E., Bahrami,A., Jafari,F., Mohammadpoorasl,A., Delpisheh,A., Taremian,F.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130204
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Prevalence and epidemiological relationship of CMY-2 AmpC beta-lactamase and CTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from broiler farms in Japan | 2013 | Yamaguchi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment, 2-5-67 Aoi, Yamaguchi 753-0821, Japan. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Vet.Med.Sci.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
75
Issue
8
Start Page
1009
Other Pages
1015
Notes
JID: 9105360; 0 (DNA Primers); 0 (Escherichia coli Proteins); 9M416Z9QNR (Ceftazidime); EC 3.5.2.- (CTX-M-9 protein, E coli); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase CMY-2); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); N2GI8B1GK7 (Cefotaxime); 2013/03/15 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Japan
ISSN/ISBN
1347-7439; 0916-7250
Accession Number
PMID: 23503164
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
DN/JST.JSTAGE/jvms/12-0453 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23503164
Abstract
To evaluate the prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in broiler chickens, 41 rectal samples taken from 4 commercial farms were examined. Desoxycholate hydrogen sulfide lactose agars, supplemented with either 4 mug/ml cefotaxime or 16 mug/ml ceftazidime, were used to screen ESC-resistant bacteria. ESC-resistant bacteria were isolated from all samples. Of the 164 ESC-resistant bacteria (included 4 isolates per a sample), 163 were Escherichia coli, while 1 isolate was identified as Enterobacter cloacae. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes and plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase genes in the isolates were determined by PCR and sequencing. One AmpC beta-lactamase gene, bla(CMY-2) (66%), and 4 ESBL genes, bla(CTX-M-1) (26%), bla(CTX-M-55) (10%), bla(SHV-5) (4%) and bla(CTX-M-2) (3%), were detected in the E. coli isolates. The epidemiological relationship of the CMY-2 and CTX-M beta-lactamase-producing isolates among the farms was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis using the XbaI restriction enzyme. Forty-one (Y1-Y41) and 14 (X1-X14) clusters were found in the CMY-2 and CTX-M-carrying E. coli isolates, respectively. Some clusters included isolates derived from more than 1 farm, indicating some cross-contamination of clonal strains and spread of CMY-2 AmpC beta-lactamase or CTX-M ESBL among the farms.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Kameyama,M., Chuma,T., Yabata,J., Tominaga,K., Iwata,H., Okamoto,K.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130315
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| An exploratory randomized controlled trial of a novel high-school-based smoking cessation intervention for adolescent smokers using abstinence-contingent incentives and cognitive behavioral therapy | 2013 | Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, United States. suchitra.krishnan-sarin@yale.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Drug and alcohol dependence
Periodical, Abbrev.
Drug Alcohol Depend.
Pub Date Free Form
1-Sep
Volume
132
Issue
2-Jan
Start Page
346
Other Pages
351
Notes
LR: 20150427; CI: Copyright (c) 2013; GR: P50 DA009241/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50DA009241/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7513587; K5161X06LL (Cotinine); NIHMS461276; OID: NLM: NIHMS461276; OID: NLM: PMC3748248; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/02/01 [re
Place of Publication
Ireland
ISSN/ISBN
1879-0046; 0376-8716
Accession Number
PMID: 23523130
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.03.002 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23523130
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There are few effective smoking cessation interventions for adolescent smokers. We developed a novel intervention to motivate tobacco use behavior change by (1) enhancing desire to quit through the use of abstinence-contingent incentives (CM), (2) increasing cessation skills through the use of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and (3) removing cessation barriers through delivery within high schools. METHODS: An exploratory four-week, randomized controlled trial was conducted in Connecticut high schools to dismantle the independent and combined effects of CM and CBT; smokers received CM alone, CBT alone, or CM+CBT. Participants included 82 adolescent smokers seeking smoking cessation treatment. The primary outcome was seven-day end-of-treatment (EOT) point prevalence (PP) abstinence, determined using self-reports confirmed using urine cotinine levels. Secondary outcomes included one-day EOT PP abstinence and cigarette use during treatment and follow up. RESULTS: Among participants who initiated treatment (n=72), group differences in seven-day EOT-PP abstinence were observed (chi(2)=10.48, p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Krishnan-Sarin,S., Cavallo,D.A., Cooney,J.L., Schepis,T.S., Kong,G., Liss,T.B., Liss,A.K., McMahon,T.J., Nich,C., Babuscio,T., Rounsaville,B.J., Carroll,K.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130322
PMCID
PMC3748248
Editors
|
|||
| Species-specific and drug-specific differences in susceptibility of Candida biofilms to echinocandins: characterization of less common bloodstream isolates | 2013 | Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University School of Medicine, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Periodical, Abbrev.
Antimicrob.Agents Chemother.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
57
Issue
6
Start Page
2562
Other Pages
2570
Notes
LR: 20150427; JID: 0315061; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 0 (Lipopeptides); 9HLM53094I (anidulafungin); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); R10H71BSWG (micafungin); OID: NLM: PMC3716187; 2013/03/25 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1098-6596; 0066-4804
Accession Number
PMID: 23529739
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1128/AAC.02541-12 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23529739
Abstract
Candida species other than Candida albicans are increasingly recognized as causes of biofilm-associated infections. This is a comprehensive study that compared the in vitro activities of all three echinocandins against biofilms formed by different common and infrequently identified Candida isolates. We determined the activities of anidulafungin (ANID), caspofungin (CAS), and micafungin (MFG) against planktonic cells and biofilms of bloodstream isolates of C. albicans (15 strains), Candida parapsilosis (6 strains), Candida lusitaniae (16 strains), Candida guilliermondii (5 strains), and Candida krusei (12 strains) by XTT [2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide] assay. Planktonic and biofilm MICs were defined as >/= 50% fungal damage. Planktonic cells of all Candida species were susceptible to the three echinocandins, with MICs of /= 32 mg/liter. In contrast, the MICs of all three echinocandins for C. albicans and C. krusei biofilms were relatively low (MICs = 1 mg/liter). While echinocandins exhibited generally high MICs against C. parapsilosis biofilms, MFG exhibited the lowest MICs against these isolates (4 mg/liter). A paradoxical growth effect was observed with CAS concentrations ranging from 8 to 64 mg/liter against C. albicans and C. parapsilosis biofilms but not against C. krusei, C. lusitaniae, or C. guilliermondii. While non-albicans Candida planktonic cells were susceptible to all echinocandins, there were drug- and species-specific differences in susceptibility among biofilms of the various Candida species, with C. lusitaniae and C. guilliermondii exhibiting profiles of high MICs of the three echinocandins.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Simitsopoulou,M., Peshkova,P., Tasina,E., Katragkou,A., Kyrpitzi,D., Velegraki,A., Walsh,T.J., Roilides,E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130325
PMCID
PMC3716187
Editors
|
|||
| Current manufactured cigarette smoking and roll-your-own cigarette smoking in Thailand: findings from the 2009 Global Adult Tobacco Survey | 2013 | Bureau of Tobacco Control, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Public Health
Pub Date Free Form
27-Mar
Volume
13
Issue
Start Page
277
Other Pages
2458-13-277
Notes
LR: 20150427; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC3621680; 2012/07/01 [received]; 2013/03/19 [accepted]; 2013/03/27 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1471-2458; 1471-2458
Accession Number
PMID: 23530750
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/1471-2458-13-277 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23530750
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Current smoking prevalence in Thailand decreased from 1991 to 2004 and since that time the prevalence has remained flat. It has been suggested that one of the reasons that the prevalence of current smoking in Thailand has stopped decreasing is due to the use of RYO cigarettes. The aim of this study was to examine characteristics of users of manufactured and RYO cigarettes and dual users in Thailand, in order to determine whether there are differences in the characteristics of users of the different products. METHODS: The 2009 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS Thailand) provides detailed information on current smoking patterns. GATS Thailand used a nationally and regionally representative probability sample of 20,566 adults (ages 15 years and above) who were chosen through stratified three-stage cluster sampling and then interviewed face-to-face. RESULTS: The prevalence of current smoking among Thai adults was 45.6% for men and 3.1% for women. In all, 18.4% of men and 1.0% of women were current users of manufactured cigarettes only, while 15.8% of men and 1.7% of women were current users of RYO cigarettes only. 11.2% of men and 0.1% of women used both RYO and manufactured cigarettes. Users of manufactured cigarettes were younger and users of RYO were older. RYO smokers were more likely to live in rural areas. Smokers of manufactured cigarettes appeared to be more knowledgeable about the health risks of tobacco use. However, the difference was confounded with age and education; when demographic variables were controlled, the knowledge differences no longer remained. Smokers of manufactured cigarettes were more likely than dual users and those who used only RYO to report that they were planning on quitting in the next month. Users of RYO only appeared to be more addicted than the other two groups as measured by time to first cigarette. CONCLUSIONS: There appears to be a need for product targeted cessation and prevention efforts that are directed toward specific population subgroups in Thailand and include information on manufactured and RYO cigarettes.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Benjakul,S., Termsirikulchai,L., Hsia,J., Kengganpanich,M., Puckcharern,H., Touchchai,C., Lohtongmongkol,A., Andes,L., Asma,S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130327
PMCID
PMC3621680
Editors
|
|||
| Internet-based photoaging within Australian pharmacies to promote smoking cessation: randomized controlled trial | 2013 | Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Perth, Australia. O.Burford@curtin.edu.au | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of medical Internet research
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Med.Internet Res.
Pub Date Free Form
26-Mar
Volume
15
Issue
3
Start Page
e64
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20150427; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC3636310; 2012/09/03 [received]; 2013/02/03 [accepted]; epublish
Place of Publication
Canada
ISSN/ISBN
1438-8871; 1438-8871
Accession Number
PMID: 23531984
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; IM
DOI
10.2196/jmir.2337 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23531984
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking leads to death or disability and a drain on national resources. The literature suggests that cigarette smoking continues to be a major modifiable risk factor for a variety of diseases and that smokers aged 18-30 years are relatively resistant to antismoking messages due to their widely held belief that they will not be lifelong smokers. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a computer-generated photoaging intervention to promote smoking cessation among young adult smokers within a community pharmacy setting. METHODS: A trial was designed with 80% power based on the effect size observed in a published pilot study; 160 subjects were recruited (80 allocated to the control group and 80 to the intervention group) from 8 metropolitan community pharmacies located around Perth city center in Western Australia. All participants received standardized smoking cessation advice. The intervention group participants were also digitally photoaged by using the Internet-based APRIL Face Aging software so they could preview images of themselves as a lifelong smoker and as a nonsmoker. Due to the nature of the intervention, the participants and researcher could not be blinded to the study. The main outcome measure was quit attempts at 6-month follow-up, both self-reported and biochemically validated through testing for carbon monoxide (CO), and nicotine dependence assessed via the Fagerstrom scale. RESULTS: At 6-month follow-up, 5 of 80 control group participants (6.3%) suggested they had quit smoking, but only 1 of 80 control group participants (1.3%) consented to, and was confirmed by, CO validation. In the intervention group, 22 of 80 participants (27.5%) reported quitting, with 11 of 80 participants (13.8%) confirmed by CO testing. This difference in biochemically confirmed quit attempts was statistically significant (chi(2) 1=9.0, P=.003). A repeated measures analysis suggested the average intervention group smoking dependence score had also significantly dropped compared to control participants (P<.001 these="" differences="" remained="" statistically="" significant="" after="" adjustment="" for="" small="" in="" gender="" distribution="" and="" nicotine="" dependence="" between="" the="" groups.="" mean="" cost="" of="" implementing="" intervention="" was="" estimated="" at="" au="" per="" participant.="" incremental="" cost-effectiveness="" ratio="" additional="" quitter.="" that="" participants="" indicated="" they="" were="" willing="" to="" pay="" digital="" aging="" service="" conclusions:="" demonstrating="" detrimental="" effects="" on="" facial="" physical="" appearance="" by="" using="" a="" computer-generated="" simulation="" may="" be="" both="" effective="" cost-effective="" persuading="" young="" adult="" smokers="" quit.="" trial="" registration:="" australian="" new="" zealand="" clinical="" trials="" registry:="" actrn12609000885291="" https:="" webcite="" http:="">
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Burford,O., Jiwa,M., Carter,O., Parsons,R., Hendrie,D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20130326
PMCID
PMC3636310
Editors
|
|||
| Reconsidering the double etching of enamel: do self-etching primers contaminate phosphoric acid-etched enamel? | 2013 | Department of Operative Dentistry and Peridontology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany. andread.rathke@uniklinik-ulm.de | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The journal of adhesive dentistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Adhes.Dent.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
15
Issue
2
Start Page
107
Other Pages
114
Notes
JID: 100888552; 0 (Acrylic Resins); 0 (AdheSE cement); 0 (Clearfil SE Bond); 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Methacrylates); 0 (OptiBond Solo Plus Self-Etch); 0 (Phosphoric Acids); 0 (Resin Cements); E4GA8884NN (phosphoric acid); ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1461-5185; 1461-5185
Accession Number
PMID: 23534014
Language
eng
SubFile
Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; D
DOI
10.3290/j.jad.a28671 [doi]
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PMID
23534014
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the composite-to-enamel bond following double etching of the enamel using phosphoric acid and different self-etching (SE) bonding systems with and without the application of their respective acidic primers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The enamel surfaces of 90 human molars were ground (600 grit) flat and randomly divided into nine groups (n = 10). Three two-step SE systems (AdheSE, ASE; Clearfil SE Bond, CSE; OptiBond Solo Plus SE, OSE) were tested, both with and without primer application on enamel pre-etched with phosphoric acid under dry bonding conditions. As the controls, the SE systems were applied according to their original directions without pre-etching. All the specimens were built up with a microhybrid composite resin (Arabesk Top). After water storage for 24 h at 37 degrees C, the bonded specimens were sheared to failure in the Zwicki 1120. Etching and failure patterns were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Shear bond strength was analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. Failure modes were analyzed with Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Without pre-etching, CSE showed significantly higher bond strengths than ASE and OSE (p 0.05), 36% for CSE (p
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Rathke,A., Ostermeier,V., Muche,R., Haller,B.
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