Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year | Author | SearchLink Sort descending |
|---|---|---|---|
| Secondhand tobacco smoke in bars and restaurants in Santiago, Chile: evaluation of partial smoking ban legislation in public places | 2010 | Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. merazo@med.uchile.cl | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
19
Issue
6
Start Page
469
Other Pages
474
Notes
LR: 20151119; GR: D43 TW 05746-02/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9209612; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OID: NLM: PMC2991072; 2010/08/25 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 20798021
Language
eng
SubFile
Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1136/tc.2009.035402 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20798021
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare air nicotine concentrations according to the smoking policy selected by bars/restaurants in Santiago, Chile before and after the enactment of partial smoking ban legislation in 2007 (establishments could be smoke free, have segregated (mixed) smoking and non-smoking areas, or allow smoking in all areas). METHODS: The study measured air nicotine concentrations over 7 days to characterise secondhand smoke exposure in 30 bars/restaurants in 2008. Owner/manager interviews and physical inspections were conducted. RESULTS: Median IQR air nicotine concentrations measured in all venues were 4.38 (0.61-13.62) mug/m(3). Air nicotine concentrations were higher in bars (median 7.22, IQR 2.48-15.64 mug/m(3)) compared to restaurants (1.12, 0.15-9.22 mug/m(3)). By smoking status, nicotine concentrations were higher in smoking venues (13.46, 5.31-16.87 mug/m(3)), followed by smoking areas in mixed venues (9.22, 5.09-14.90 mug/m(3)) and non-smoking areas in mixed venues (0.99, 0.19-1.27 mug/m(3)). Air nicotine concentrations were markedly lower in smoke-free venues (0.12, 0.11-0.46 mug/m(3)). After adjustment for differences in volume and ventilation, air nicotine concentrations were 3.2, 35.5 and 56.2 times higher in non-smoking areas in mixed venues, smoking areas in mixed venues and smoking venues, respectively, compared to smoke-free venues. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to secondhand smoke remains high in bars and restaurants in Santiago, Chile. These findings demonstrate that the partial smoking ban legislation enacted in Chile in 2007 provides no protection to employees working in those venues. Enacting a comprehensive smoke-free legislation which protects all people from exposure to secondhand smoke in all public places and workplaces is urgently needed.
Descriptors
Air/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence, Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence, Chile, Humans, Inhalation Exposure/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence, Nicotine/analysis, Policy, Restaurants/legislation & jurisprudence, Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence/prevention & control, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence, Workplace/legislation & jurisprudence
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Erazo,M., Iglesias,V., Droppelmann,A., Acuna,M., Peruga,A., Breysse,P. N., Navas-Acien,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100825
PMCID
PMC2991072
Editors
|
|||
| Salivary calcium concentration in relation to periodontal health of female tobacco smokers: a pilot study | 2010 | Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. kissendre@stoma.szote | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985)
Periodical, Abbrev.
Quintessence Int.
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
41
Issue
9
Start Page
779
Other Pages
785
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 0342677; SY7Q814VUP (Calcium); ppublish
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1936-7163; 0033-6572
Accession Number
PMID: 20806103
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; D
DOI
19524 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20806103
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the possibility of differences in the calcium concentration of the saliva between smoker and nonsmoker patients with or without periodontitis. METHOD AND MATERIALS: A total of 44 women were enrolled in this study. Exclusion criteria were severe general health problems, the prescription of medication, and fewer than 16 remaining teeth. The study population comprised 24 smokers (4 periodontitis free, 16 with chronic and 4 with aggressive periodontitis; mean age 50.2 years +/- 6.9) and 20 nonsmokers (10 periodontitis free, 9 with chronic and 1 with aggressive periodontitis; mean age 54.7 years +/- 15.6). Clinical parameters (bone loss; plaque, gingival and calculus indices; and pocket depth) were recorded, and stimulated saliva samples were collected. The calcium concentration of each saliva sample was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Statistical analysis was performed with the MANOVA test. RESULTS: The mean salivary calcium level in the smokers (57.76 mug/mL +/- 18.8) was significantly (P < .05) higher than in the nonsmokers (44.6 mug/mL +/- 7.8). Periodontal examination revealed significantly greater bone loss, a deeper mean probing depth, and a higher amount of calculus (P < .05) among the smokers. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the smokers and the nonsmokers as concerns the plaque and bleeding indices. CONCLUSIONS: Within their limits, the present findings seem to indicate that patients with periodontitis who smoke exhibit higher salivary calcium levels than those in nonsmokers. However, the clinical significance of these findings remains to be determined in large-scale controlled studies.
Descriptors
Adult, Aged, Aggressive Periodontitis/classification/metabolism, Alveolar Bone Loss/classification, Calcium/analysis, Chronic Periodontitis/classification/metabolism, Dental Calculus/classification, Dental Plaque Index, Female, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification, Humans, Middle Aged, Oral Hygiene Index, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/classification, Pilot Projects, Saliva/chemistry, Smoking/metabolism, Spectrophotometry, Atomic
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Kiss,E., Sewon,L., Gorzo,I., Nagy,K.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Interobserver reliability in the endoscopic diagnosis and grading of Barrett's esophagus: an Asian multinational study | 2010 | Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Endoscopy
Periodical, Abbrev.
Endoscopy
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
42
Issue
9
Start Page
699
Other Pages
704
Notes
LR: 20150325; CI: Copyright Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart . New York.; GR: ZIA CP010136-15/Intramural NIH HHS/United States; JID: 0215166; NIHMS256200; OID: NLM: NIHMS256200; OID: NLM: PMC3000217; 2010/08/30 [epublish]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1438-8812; 0013-726X
Accession Number
PMID: 20806154
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Multicenter Study; IM
DOI
10.1055/s-0030-1255629 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20806154
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM: The establishment of precise and valid diagnostic criteria is important for any disease. We determined the interobserver reliability in the endoscopic diagnosis and grading of Barrett's esophagus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Video clips of endoscopy in 21 patients with/without Barrett's esophagus were used for training (n = 3) and for diagnosis/grading (n = 18) of Barrett's esophagus by endoscopists from seven hospitals in Asia. Barrett's esophagus was graded using the Prague C & M Criteria whereby the circumferential extent of the Barrett's segment (C value), maximum extent of Barrett's segment (M value), location of the gastroesophageal junction, and location of the diaphragmatic hiatus were scored. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated as a measure of interobserver reliability. RESULTS: A total of 34 endoscopists participated. ICC values for the scores of the C value, M value, location of the gastroesophageal junction, and location of the diaphragmatic hiatus were: 0.92 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.88 - 0.97), 0.94 (95 %CI 0.90 - 0.98), 0.86 (95 %CI 0.78 - 0.94), and 0.81 (95 %CI 0.71 - 0.92), respectively, indicating excellent interobserver agreement. The differences in region/country, endoscopists' experience, case volume of participating centers, or primary practice type had no significant effect on the reliability. The ICC values for recognition of Barrett's esophagus of > or = 1 cm were 0.90 (95 %CI 0.80 - 1.00) and 0.92 (95 %CI 0.87 - 0.98) for the C and M values, respectively, whereas the corresponding ICC values for Barrett's segment of < 1 cm were 0.18 (95 %CI 0.03 - 0.32) and 0.21 (95 %CI 0.00 - 0.51), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the uncommon occurrence of Barrett's esophagus in Asia, our endoscopists exhibited excellent agreement in the endoscopic diagnosis and grading of Barrett's esophagus using the Prague C & M Criteria. However, in view of the low interobserver reliability in recognizing Barrett's segments of < 1 cm, future studies in Asia should take this into account when selecting the study population.
Descriptors
Asia, Barrett Esophagus/diagnosis/pathology, Clinical Competence/statistics & numerical data, Esophagoscopy/standards, Humans, Observer Variation, Reproducibility of Results
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lee,Y. C., Cook,M. B., Bhatia,S., Chow,W. H., El-Omar,E. M., Goto,H., Lin,J. T., Li,Y. Q., Rhee,P. L., Sharma,P., Sung,J. J., Wong,J. Y., Wu,J. C., Ho,K. Y., Asian Barrett's Consortium
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100830
PMCID
PMC3000217
Editors
|
|||
| One-year effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on chronic periodontitis | 2011 | Graduate Periodontics, Saint Louis University Center for Advanced Dental Education, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA. garciamn@slu.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of periodontology
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Periodontol.
Pub Date Free Form
Jan
Volume
82
Issue
1
Start Page
25
Other Pages
32
Notes
LR: 20141205; GR: P30 AR057235/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States; GR: R21 DE016918/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: R21 DE016918/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: UL1 RR024992/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States; GR: UL1 RR024992/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1943-3670; 0022-3492
Accession Number
PMID: 20809866
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; D; IM
DOI
10.1902/jop.2010.100207 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20809866
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A previous study reported by this group found that patients in periodontal maintenance programs taking vitamin D and calcium supplementation had a trend for better periodontal health compared to patients not taking supplementation. The objective of the present study is to determine, for the same cohort of subjects, whether such differences persist over a 1-year period. METHODS: Fifty-one patients enrolled in maintenance programs from two dental clinics were recruited. Of these, 23 were taking vitamin D (>/=400 IU/day) and calcium (>/=1,000 mg/day) supplementation, and 28 were not. All subjects had at least two interproximal sites with >/=3 mm clinical attachment loss. For mandibular-posterior teeth, gingival index, plaque index, probing depth, attachment loss, bleeding on probing, calculus index, and furcation involvement were evaluated. Photostimulable-phosphor, posterior bitewing radiographs were taken to assess alveolar bone. Daily vitamin D and calcium intakes were estimated by nutritional analysis. Data were collected at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. RESULTS: Total daily calcium and vitamin D intakes were 1,769 mg (95% confidence interval, 1,606 to 1,933) and 1,049 IU (781 to 1,317) in the taker group, and 642 mg (505 to 779) and 156 IU (117 to 195) in the non-taker group, respectively (P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Garcia,M.N., Hildebolt,C.F., Miley,D.D., Dixon,D.A., Couture,R.A., Spearie,C.L., Langenwalter,E.M., Shannon,W.D., Deych,E., Mueller,C., Civitelli,R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100901
PMCID
PMC3472001
Editors
|
|||
| Internet-based interventions for smoking cessation | 2010 | Dept of Medical Sociology and Health Economics, Medical School University of Zagreb, Andrija Stampar School of Public Health, Rockefellerova 4, Zagreb, Croatia, 10 000. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
Periodical, Abbrev.
Cochrane Database Syst.Rev.
Pub Date Free Form
8-Sep
Volume
(9):CD007078. doi
Issue
9
Start Page
CD007078
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20130913; JID: 100909747; CIN: Evid Based Nurs. 2011 Apr;14(2):47-8. PMID: 21421974; UIN: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;7:CD007078. PMID: 23839868; RF: 107; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-493X; 1361-6137
Accession Number
PMID: 20824856
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Review; IM
DOI
10.1002/14651858.CD007078.pub3 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20824856
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The Internet has become a regular part of daily life for the majority of people in many parts of the world. It now offers an additional means of effecting changes to behaviour such as smoking. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness of Internet-based interventions for smoking cessation. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialized Register, with additional searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. There were no restrictions placed on language of publication or publication date. The most recent search was in June 2010. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized and quasi-randomized trials. Participants were people who smoked, with no exclusions based on age, gender, ethnicity, language or health status. Any type of Internet-based intervention was eligible. The comparison condition could be a no-intervention control or a different Internet site or programme. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Methodological and study quality details were extracted using a standardised form. We selected smoking cessation outcomes at short term (one to three months) and long term (6 months or more) follow up, and reported study effects as a risk ratio with 95% confidence intervals. Only limited meta-analysis was performed, as the heterogeneity of the data for populations, interventions and outcomes allowed for very little pooling. MAIN RESULTS: Twenty trials met the inclusion criteria. There were more female than male participants. Some Internet programmes were intensive and included multiple outreach contacts with participants, whilst others relied on participants to initiate and maintain use.Ten trials compared an Internet intervention to a non-Internet based smoking cessation intervention or to a no intervention control. Six of these recruited adults, one recruited young adult university students and three recruited adolescents. Two trials of the same intensive automated intervention in populations of adult who smoked showed significantly increased cessation compared to printed self-help materials at 12 months. In one of these, all trial participants were provided with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Three other trials in adults did not detect significant long term effects. One of these provided access to a website as an adjunct to counselling and bupropion, one compared web-based counselling, proactive telephone-based counselling or a combination of the two as an adjunct to varenicline. The third only provided a list of Internet resources. One further short-term trial did show a significant increase in quit rates at 3 months. A trial in college students increased point prevalence abstinence after 30 weeks but had no effect on sustained abstinence. Two small trials in adolescents did not detect an effect on cessation compared to control, whilst a third small trial did detect a benefit of a web-based adjunct to a group programme amongst adolescents.Ten trials, all in adult populations, compared different Internet sites or programmes. There was some evidence that sites that were tailored and interactive might be more effective than static sites, but this was not detected in all the trials that explored this factor. One large trial did not detect differences between different Internet sites. One trial of a tailored intervention as an adjunct to NRT use showed a significant benefit but only had a 3-month follow up. One trial detected evidence of a benefit from tailored email letter compared to a non-tailored one. Trials failed to detect a benefit of including a mood management component (three trials), or an asynchronous bulletin board. Higher abstinence rates were typically reported by participants who actively engaged with the programme (as reflected by the number of log-ins). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that some Internet-based interventions can assist smoking cessation, especially if the information is appropriately tailored to the users and frequent automated
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Internet, Male, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Smoking Cessation/methods, Therapy, Computer-Assisted/methods, Treatment Outcome
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Civljak,M., Sheikh,A., Stead,L. F., Car,J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100908
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Vital signs: current cigarette smoking among adults aged >or=18 years --- United States, 2009 | 2010 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
10-Sep
Volume
59
Issue
35
Start Page
1135
Other Pages
1140
Notes
LR: 20120910; JID: 7802429; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 20829747
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
mm5935a3 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20829747
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking continues to be the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States, causing approximately 443,000 premature deaths annually. METHODS: The 2009 National Health Interview Survey and the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to estimate national and state adult smoking prevalence, respectively. Cigarette smokers were defined as adults aged >/=18 years who reported having smoked >/=100 cigarettes in their lifetime and now smoke every day or some days. RESULTS: In 2009, 20.6% of U.S. adults aged >/=18 years were current cigarette smokers. Men (23.5%) were more likely than women (17.9%) to be current smokers. The prevalence of smoking was 31.1% among persons below the federal poverty level. For adults aged >/=25 years, the prevalence of smoking was 28.5% among persons with less than a high school diploma, compared with 5.6% among those with a graduate degree. Regional differences were observed, with the West having the lowest prevalence (16.4%) and higher prevalences being observed in the South (21.8%) and Midwest (23.1%). From 2005 to 2009, the proportion of U.S. adults who were current cigarette smokers did not change (20.9% in 2005 and 20.6% in 2009). CONCLUSIONS: Previous declines in smoking prevalence in the United States have stalled during the past 5 years; the burden of cigarette smoking continues to be high, especially in persons living below the federal poverty level and with low educational attainment. Sustained, adequately funded, comprehensive tobacco control programs could reduce adult smoking. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE: To further reduce disease and death from cigarette smoking, declines in cigarette smoking among adults must accelerate. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is expected to expand access to evidence-based smoking-cessation services and treatments; this likely will result in additional use of these services and reductions of current smoking and its adverse effects among U.S. adults. Population-based prevention strategies such as tobacco taxes, media campaigns, and smoke-free policies, in concert with clinical cessation interventions, can help adults quit and prevent the uptake of tobacco use, furthering the reduction in the current prevalence of tobacco use in the United States across age groups.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Educational Status, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Poverty, Prevalence, Smoking/economics/epidemiology, Social Class, United States/epidemiology, Young Adult
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water by a novel mesoporous-coated stainless steel wire microextraction combined with HPLC | 2010 | College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, PR China. wxm98@163.com | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of separation science
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Sep.Sci.
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
33
Issue
20
Start Page
3239
Other Pages
3244
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 101088554; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 12597-68-1 (Stainless Steel); ppublish
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1615-9314; 1615-9306
Accession Number
PMID: 20839236
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1002/jssc.201000287 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20839236
Abstract
A novel mesoporous-coated stainless steel wire microextraction coupled with the HPLC procedure for quantification of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water has been developed, based on the sorption of target analytes on a selectively adsorptive fiber and subsequent desorption of analytes directly into HPLC. Phenyl-functionalized mesoporous materials (Ph-SBA-15) were synthesized and coated on the surfaces of a stainless steel wire. Due to the high porosity and large surface area of the Ph-SBA-15, high extraction efficiency is expected. The influence of various parameters on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons extraction efficiency were thoroughly studied and optimized (such as the extraction temperature, the extraction time, the desorption time, the stirring rate and the ionic strength of samples). The results showed that each compound for the analysis of real water samples was tested under optimal conditions with the linearity ranging from 1.02x10(-3) to 200 mug/ L and the detection limits were found from 0.32 to 2.44 ng/ L, respectively. The RSD of the new method was smaller than 4.10%.
Descriptors
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/economics, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis, Stainless Steel/chemistry, Time Factors, Water/chemistry
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Wang,X. M., Du,X. Z., Rao,H. H., Lu,X. Q.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| A multi-level analysis of non-significant counseling effects in a randomized smoking cessation trial | 2010 | Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA. demccart@rci.rutgers.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addiction (Abingdon, England)
Periodical, Abbrev.
Addiction
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
105
Issue
12
Start Page
2195
Other Pages
2208
Notes
LR: 20141202; CI: (c) 2010 The Authors, Addiction (c) 2010; GR: K05 CA139871/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 CA084724/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 CA084724-010003/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 DA019706/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States;
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1360-0443; 0965-2140
Accession Number
PMID: 20840173
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03089.x [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20840173
Abstract
AIMS: To determine, in the context of a trial in which counseling did not improve smoking cessation outcomes, whether this was due to a failure of the conceptual theory identifying treatment targets or the action theory specifying interventions. DESIGN: Data from a randomized clinical trial of smoking cessation counseling and bupropion SR were submitted to multi-level modeling to test whether counseling influenced real-time reports of cognitions, emotions and behaviors, and whether these targets predicted abstinence. SETTING: Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, Madison, WI. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 403 adult, daily smokers without contraindications to bupropion SR use. Participants were assigned randomly to receive individual counseling or no counseling and a 9-week course of bupropion SR or placebo pill. Cessation counseling was delivered in eight 10-minute sessions focused on bolstering social support, motivation, problem-solving and coping skills. MEASUREMENTS: Pre- and post-quit ecological momentary assessments of smoking behavior, smoking triggers, active prevention and coping strategies, motivation to quit, difficulty quitting and reactions to initial lapses. FINDINGS: Counseling prompted avoidance of access to cigarettes, improved quitting self-efficacy, reduced perceived difficulty of quitting over time and protected against guilt and demoralization following lapses. Results also supported the importance of limiting cigarette access, receiving social support, strong motivation and confidence and easing withdrawal distress during cessation efforts. Quitting self-efficacy and perceived difficulty quitting may partially mediate counseling effects on abstinence. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking cessation counseling may work by supporting confidence about quitting and reducing perceived difficulty quitting. Counseling did not affect other targets that protect against relapse.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adult, Bupropion/administration & dosage, Combined Modality Therapy, Counseling, Delayed-Action Preparations, Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors/administration & dosage, Female, Humans, Male, Medical Records, Motivation, Multilevel Analysis, Placebos, Secondary Prevention, Self Efficacy, Smoking/prevention & control/psychology, Smoking Cessation/methods/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Treatment Outcome
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Society for the Study of Addiction
Data Source
Authors
McCarthy,D. E., Piasecki,T. M., Jorenby,D. E., Lawrence,D. L., Shiffman,S., Baker,T. B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100915
PMCID
PMC2975757
Editors
|
|||
| A population-based examination of cigarette smoking and mental illness in Black Americans | 2010 | Department of Psychiatry, Treatment Research Center, Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, Box TRC-0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. norval.hickman@ucsf.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
12
Issue
11
Start Page
1125
Other Pages
1132
Notes
LR: 20141202; GR: 5R25 CA113710/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: K23 DA018691/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 DA09253/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 MH083684/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 MH083684/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States; JI
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-994X; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 20855413
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1093/ntr/ntq160 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20855413
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: This study examines the relation between tobacco use and cessation with lifetime and past year mental illness in a nationally representative sample of Blacks. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed nationally representative data from 3,411 adult Blacks participating in the 2001-2003 National Survey of American Life. Smoking prevalence and quit rates according to lifetime and past year Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition mental disorders were assessed by a modified version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. RESULTS: Compared with those without mental illness, respondents with a lifetime, past year, or past month mental illness had a higher smoking prevalence (20.6%, 35.6%, 36.0%, and 45.4%, respectively) and lower quit rate (40.5%, 31.2%, and 26.2%, respectively). The odds of being a current smoker among Blacks with mental illness in their lifetime, past year, and past month, after adjusting for age, gender, education, poverty, and marital status were 1.76 (95% CI = 1.39-2.22), 1.57 (95% CI = 1.22-2.03), and 2.20 (95% CI = 1.56-3.12), respectively. Mental illness also was associated with heavier smoking. Blacks with past year mental illness represented 18.1% of the sample, yet consumed 23.9% of cigarettes smoked by Black smokers. Past year (odds ratio [OR] = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.53-0.97) and past month (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.29-0.98) mental illness were associated with a lower odds of quitting for at least 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that mental illness is significantly associated with tobacco use in Blacks. Tobacco cessation interventions that address mental illness as a barrier to cessation are needed.
Descriptors
Adult, African Americans/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Aged, Attitude to Health/ethnology, Comorbidity, Confidence Intervals, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders/ethnology/prevention & control, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Population Surveillance, Risk Factors, Smoking/ethnology/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation/statistics & numerical data, Socioeconomic Factors, Tobacco Use Disorder/ethnology/prevention & control, United States/epidemiology, Young Adult
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Hickman,N. J.,3rd, Delucchi,K. L., Prochaska,J. J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100920
PMCID
PMC2964922
Editors
|
|||
| Prevalence of selected risk behaviors and chronic diseases and conditions-steps communities, United States, 2006-2007 | 2010 | Division of Adult and Community Health, National Center for Chronic Disease and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. spk9@cdc.gov | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Morbidity and mortality weekly report.Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C.: 2002)
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Surveill.Summ.
Pub Date Free Form
24-Sep
Volume
59
Issue
8
Start Page
1
Other Pages
37
Notes
LR: 20120329; JID: 101142015; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-8636; 0892-3787
Accession Number
PMID: 20864923
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
ss5908a1 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20864923
Abstract
PROBLEM: At least one chronic disease or condition affects 45% of persons and account for seven of the 10 leading causes of death in the United States. Persons who suffer from chronic diseases and conditions, (e.g., obesity, diabetes, and asthma) experience limitations in function, health, activity, and work, affecting the quality of their lives as well as the lives of their family. Preventable health-risk factors (e.g., insufficient physical activity, poor nutrition, and tobacco use and exposure) contribute substantially to the development and severity of certain chronic diseases and conditions. REPORTING PERIOD COVERED: 2006-2007 DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM: CDC's Healthy Communities Program funds communities to address chronic diseases and related risk factors through policy, systems, and environmental change strategies. As part of the Healthy Communities Program, 40 Steps communities were funded nationwide to address six focus areas: obesity, diabetes, asthma, physical inactivity, poor nutrition, and tobacco use and exposure. During 2006-2007, 38 and 39 of the 40 communities conducted a survey to collect adult health outcome data. The survey instrument was a modified version of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey, a state-based, random-digit-dialed telephone survey. The survey instrument collected information on chronic diseases and conditions, health risk behaviors, and preventive health practices related to Steps community outcomes from noninstitutionalized community members aged >/=18 years. RESULTS: Prevalence estimates of chronic diseases and conditions and risk behaviors varied among Steps communities that reported data for 2006 and 2007. The proportion of the population that achieved Healthy People 2010 (HP 2010) objectives also varied among the communities. In 2006, the estimated prevalence of respondents aged >/=18 years being overweight or obese as calculated from self-reported weight and height ranged from 51.8% to 73.7%. The nationwide 2006 BRFSS median was 62.3%; a total of 20 communities exceeded this median. In 2007, the estimated prevalence being overweight or obese ranged from 50.5% to 77.2%. The nationwide 2007 BRFSS median was 63.0%; a total of 18 communities exceeded this median. In 2006, the estimated prevalence of diagnosed diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes) ranged from 3.7% to 19.7%. None of the communities achieved the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 91% the proportion of adults with diabetes who have at least an annual clinical foot examination. Six communities reached the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 76% the proportion of adults with diabetes who have an annual dilated eye examination; 20 communities reached the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 65% the proportion of adults who have a glycosylated hemoglobin measurement (A1c) at least once a year. In 2007, the estimated prevalence of diagnosed diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes) ranged from 4.4% to 17.9%. None of the communities achieved the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 91% the proportion of adults with diabetes who have at least an annual clinical foot examination, eight communities achieved the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 76% the proportion of adults with diabetes who have an annual dilated eye examination, and 16 communities achieved the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 65% the proportion of adults who have an A1c at least once a year. In 2006, the prevalence of reported asthma ranged from 6.5% to 18.9%. Among those who reported having asthma, the prevalence of having no symptoms of asthma during the preceding 30 days ranged from 11.5% to 29.5% for five communities with sufficient data for estimates. In 2007, the estimated prevalence of reported asthma ranged from 7.5% to 18.9%. Among those who reported having asthma, the prevalence of having no symptoms of asthma during the preceding 30 days ranged from 10.3% to 36.1% for 12 communities with sufficient data for estimates.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Chronic Disease/epidemiology, Female, Health Behavior, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Primary Prevention, Risk-Taking, United States/epidemiology
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cory,S., Ussery-Hall,A., Griffin-Blake,S., Easton,A., Vigeant,J., Balluz,L., Garvin,W., Greenlund,K., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||