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The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year | Author | SearchLink Sort descending |
|---|---|---|---|
| Identification and characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria isolated from Tibetan Qula cheese | 2008 | Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-engineering, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The Journal of general and applied microbiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Gen.Appl.Microbiol.
Pub Date Free Form
Feb
Volume
54
Issue
1
Start Page
51
Other Pages
60
Notes
GENBANK/AB326298; GENBANK/AB326299; GENBANK/AB326300; GENBANK/AB326301; JID: 0165543; 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); ppublish
Place of Publication
Japan
ISSN/ISBN
0022-1260; 0022-1260
Accession Number
PMID: 18323681
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
JST.JSTAGE/jgam/54.51 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18323681
Abstract
Fourteen strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) isolated from Qula, a Tibetan traditional yak cheese, were divided into four groups (A-D) according to morphological and biochemical characteristics. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, group A and group B strains were placed in the cluster making up the genus Leuconostoc, which together with Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, formed a distinct cluster. The group C strain was clearly identified as Enterococcus faecium by forming a very well defined cluster with this species. The group D strains were placed in the lactobacilli cluster with Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus pentosus being the closely related species. On the basis of DNA-DNA hybridization, strains in the groups A, B, C and D were identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, Enterococcus faecium and Lactobacillus plantarum, respectively. Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum was the dominate member of the population.
Descriptors
Base Composition, Cheese/microbiology, Enterococcus faecium/classification/genetics/isolation & purification, Fermentation, Lactobacillus plantarum/classification/genetics/isolation & purification, Leuconostoc/classification/genetics/isolation & purification, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Tibet
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Duan,Y., Tan,Z., Wang,Y., Li,Z., Li,Z., Qin,G., Huo,Y., Cai,Y.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Waterpipe-associated particulate matter emissions | 2008 | Department of Health & Sport Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA. wmaziak@memphis.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
10
Issue
3
Start Page
519
Other Pages
523
Notes
GR: R01 TW05962/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01DA024876-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Smoke); ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1462-2203; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 18324571
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1080/14622200801901989 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18324571
Abstract
Waterpipe tobacco smoking is increasingly common worldwide, and evidence about its harmful effects to smokers is emerging. However, no studies have investigated the potential exposure of nonsmokers to waterpipe smoke. We measured particulate matter (PM) emissions (PM2.5, PM10) before and during laboratory sessions in which 20 individuals used a waterpipe to smoke tobacco and 20 individuals smoked a cigarette (10 for each particle-size/smoking-method), as well as 10 waterpipe and 10 cigarette smoldering sessions (i.e., without a smoker). A TSI-SidePak aerosol monitor obtained PM2.5, PM10 background, smoking, and maximum levels. Mean PM2.5 rose 447% for waterpipe (from 48 microg/m3 background to 264 microg/m3 smoking), and by 501% for cigarettes (from 44 microg/m3 to 267 microg/m3), whereas mean PM10 rose by 563% for waterpipe (from 55 microg/m3 to 365 microg/m3), and by 447% for cigarettes (from 52 microg/m3 to 287 microg/m3) (p<.05 for all). The increase in PM during cigarette smoking was due primarily to PM2.5, given that the proportion of PM2.5 from total PM10 increase was 95% compared with 70% for waterpipe (p<.05). Maximum PM2.5 was 908 microg/m3 for waterpipe and 575 microg/m3 for cigarettes, whereas maximum PM10 was 1052 microg/m3 for waterpipe and 653 microg/m3 for cigarettes. Mean PM2.5 and PM10 smoldering levels did not differ from background for waterpipe but were significantly higher for cigarettes (PM2.5: 33-190 microg/m3; PM10: 42-220 microg/m3). Policymakers considering clean air regulations should include waterpipe tobacco smoking, and the public should be warned about this source of smoke exposure.
Descriptors
Adult, Air Pollutants/analysis, Environmental Monitoring/methods, Female, Humans, Inhalation Exposure/analysis, Male, Middle Aged, Particle Size, Smoke/analysis, Smoking, Spectrophotometry, Atomic/methods
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Maziak,W., Rastam,S., Ibrahim,I., Ward,K. D., Eissenberg,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Exposure to secondhand smoke in Germany: air contamination due to smoking in German restaurants, bars, and other venues | 2008 | Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
10
Issue
3
Start Page
547
Other Pages
555
Notes
LR: 20121115; JID: 9815751; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); EIN: Nicotine Tob Res. 2008 Apr;10(4):745; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1462-2203; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 18324575
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1080/14622200801902029 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18324575
Abstract
This study quantified exposure to secondhand smoke in German restaurants, bars, and entertainment venues by determining the concentration of respirable suspended particles measuring 2.5 microm or less (PM2.5) in indoor air. The measurements were taken using an inconspicuous device placed on the investigator's table in the venue. The concentration of particulate matter in the indoor air was measured for a minimum of 30 min. A total of 39 restaurants, 20 coffee bars, 12 bars, 9 discotheques, and 20 restaurant cars in trains were visited throughout Germany from September 30 to October 31, 2005. The readings disclosed a median PM2.5 of 260 microg/m3 and an arithmetic mean PM2.5 of 333 microg/m3. Median values were 378 microg/m3 in bars, 131 microg/m3 in cafes, and 173 microg/m3 in restaurants. The highest medians were measured in discotheques and restaurant cars, with values averaging 432 microg/m3 and 525 microg/m3 PM2.5, respectively. This study was the first to show the magnitude and extent of exposure to secondhand smoke on such an extensive scale in Germany. The contaminated air due to smoking is a human carcinogenic and major health hazard, which would be prevented most effectively and completely by implementing a ban on smoking. This study is important for the ongoing national debate in Germany as well as for debates in all countries without smoke-free air legislation, which includes most countries around the world.
Descriptors
Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/statistics & numerical data, Environmental Monitoring/instrumentation/methods, Epidemiological Monitoring, Germany/epidemiology, Health Policy, Humans, Inhalation Exposure/analysis/statistics & numerical data, Primary Prevention/methods, Restaurants, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Smoking/epidemiology, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/statistics & numerical data
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Schneider,S., Seibold,B., Schunk,S., Jentzsch,E., Potschke-Langer,M., Dresler,C., Travers,M. J., Hyland,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Comparing the validity of the Cigarette Dependence Scale and the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence | 2008 | Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Geneva, CMU, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Jean-Francois.Etter@imsp.unige.ch | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Drug and alcohol dependence
Periodical, Abbrev.
Drug Alcohol Depend.
Pub Date Free Form
1-May
Volume
95
Issue
2-Jan
Start Page
152
Other Pages
159
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 7513587; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 2007/11/02 [received]; 2008/01/04 [revised]; 2008/01/09 [accepted]; 2008/03/06 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Ireland
ISSN/ISBN
0376-8716; 0376-8716
Accession Number
PMID: 18328641
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.01.017 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18328641
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We compared the validity of the Cigarette Dependence Scale (CDS-12) and of the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) in daily cigarette smokers. METHODS: Internet survey in 2004-2007. Eight days and 6 weeks after answering these two dependence questionnaires, participants indicated their smoking status and answered the Cigarette Withdrawal Scale and the Smoking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. We used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) to assess nicotine dependence as defined in DSM-IV. RESULTS: There were 13,697 participants at baseline, 1113 (8%) after 8 days and 435 (3%) after 6 weeks. CDS-12, but not FTND, predicted smoking cessation after 8 days (odds ratio=1.20 per standard deviation unit, p=0.03) and 6 weeks (odds ratio=1.34, p=0.01). In participants who had quit smoking after 8 days, CDS-12 was a better predictor of craving (beta=0.30, p<0.001), than FTND (beta=0.14, p<0.01). After 8 days, self-efficacy in quitters was predicted by CDS-12 (beta=-0.16, p=0.02), but not by FTND (beta=-0.05, p=0.3). CDS-12 was more strongly associated than FTND with DSM-defined dependence measured by MINI: area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve=0.72 (95% confidence interval=0.70-0.73). For FTND, the area under ROC=0.64 (0.63-0.66). CONCLUSIONS: CDS-12 performed better than FTND on tests of predictive and construct validity.
Descriptors
Adult, Cues, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Surveys, Humans, Internet, Male, Motivation, Nicotine/toxicity, Psychometrics/statistics & numerical data, Reproducibility of Results, Self Efficacy, Smoking/psychology, Smoking Cessation/psychology, Social Environment, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/diagnosis/psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Switzerland, Tobacco Use Disorder/diagnosis/psychology/rehabilitation
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Etter,J. F.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20080306
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Characteristics and risk factors of tobacco consumption among University of Sharjah students, 2005 | 2007 | High Institute of Public Health, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt. ahmedmandil@hotmail.com | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit
Periodical, Abbrev.
East.Mediterr.Health J.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov-Dec
Volume
13
Issue
6
Start Page
1449
Other Pages
1458
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 9608387; ppublish
Place of Publication
Egypt
ISSN/ISBN
1020-3397; 1020-3397
Accession Number
PMID: 18341194
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18341194
Abstract
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, patterns and risk factors of tobacco consumption among a stratified random sample of students at University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), during 2005. The overall reported smoking prevalence among 1057 sampled students was 15.1%; cigarette smokers were 9.4% and waterpipe smokers 5.6%. While women comprised only 8.9% of cigarette smokers, they were 26.2% of waterpipe smokers. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the most important predictors for smoking among the students were: male sex, having a smoking friend, having a smoking family member (father/mother/both), non-UAE nationality and older age. There is a need to intensify efforts to prevent young people from starting smoking and to help young smokers to stop.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Analysis of Variance, Attitude to Health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Family/psychology, Female, Friends/psychology, Health Surveys, Humans, Linear Models, Logistic Models, Male, Population Surveillance, Prevalence, Residence Characteristics/statistics & numerical data, Risk Factors, Sex Distribution, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control/psychology, Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, United Arab Emirates/epidemiology, Universities
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Mandil,A., Hussein,A., Omer,H., Turki,G., Gaber,I.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Type of tobacco product used: are there differences between university and community college students? | 2007 | Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-2034, USA. djames@hhp.ufl.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of drug education
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Drug Educ.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
37
Issue
4
Start Page
379
Other Pages
392
Notes
JID: 1300031; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
0047-2379; 0047-2379
Accession Number
PMID: 18351177
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18351177
Abstract
This article describes and compares smoking prevalence, types of tobacco products used, and motivation to quit among college students at universities and community colleges. Data were collected using the Florida Annual College Tobacco Survey (FACTS). Nine universities and eight community colleges participated in the study (n = 4973). Most students (69%) experimented with tobacco. Cigarettes were used more often (57.4%), followed by Black 'N Mild (31.8%), cigars (30.1%), kreteks/bidis (24.1%), smokeless tobacco (13.9%), and pipe (8.9%). University students were more likely than community college students to have tried kreteks/bidis and cigars (p < .05). University students experimented at a significantly earlier age with cigarettes and pipes while community college experimented at a significantly earlier age with cigars and kreteks/bidis (p < .05). The majority of cigarette smokers (62%) were not interested in quitting. The implications for college tobacco education programs are discussed.
Descriptors
Adult, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Smoking/epidemiology/trends, Smoking Cessation, Students/statistics & numerical data, Universities
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
James,D. C., Chen,W. W., Sheu,J. J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Effectiveness of a web-based self-help intervention for symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress: randomized controlled trial | 2008 | FPP, Department of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. a.van.straten@psy.vu.nl | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of medical Internet research
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Med.Internet Res.
Pub Date Free Form
25-Mar
Volume
10
Issue
1
Start Page
e7
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20140904; ISRCTN/ISRCTN14881571; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC2483843; 2007/07/10 [received]; 2008/01/04 [accepted]; 2007/12/20 [revised]; epublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1438-8871; 1438-8871
Accession Number
PMID: 18364344
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; IM
DOI
10.2196/jmir.954 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18364344
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Self-help therapies are often effective in reducing mental health problems. We developed a new Web-based self-help intervention based on problem-solving therapy, which may be used for people with different types of comorbid problems: depression, anxiety, and work-related stress. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to study whether a Web-based self-help intervention is effective in reducing depression, anxiety, and work-related stress (burnout). METHODS: A total of 213 participants were recruited through mass media and randomized to the intervention (n = 107) or a waiting list control group (n = 106). The Web-based course took 4 weeks. Every week an automated email was sent to the participants to explain the contents and exercises for the coming week. In addition, participants were supported by trained psychology students who offered feedback by email on the completed exercises. The core element of the intervention is a procedure in which the participants learn to approach solvable problems in a structured way. At pre-test and post-test, we measured the following primary outcomes: depression (CES-D and MDI), anxiety (SCL-A and HADS), and work-related stress (MBI). Quality of life (EQ-5D) was measured as a secondary outcome. Intention-to-treat analyses were performed. RESULTS: Of the 213 participants, 177 (83.1%) completed the baseline and follow-up questionnaires; missing data were statistically imputed. Of all 107 participants in the intervention group, 9% (n = 10) dropped out before the course started and 55% (n = 59) completed the whole course. Among all participants, the intervention was effective in reducing symptoms of depression (CES-D: Cohen's d = 0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22-0.79; MDI: d = 0.33, 95% CI 0.03-0.63) and anxiety (SCL-A: d = 0.42, 95% CI 0.14-0.70; HADS: d = 0.33, 95% CI 0.04-0.61) as well as in enhancing quality of life (d = 0.31, 95% CI 0.03-0.60). Moreover, a higher percentage of patients in the intervention group experienced a significant improvement in symptoms (CES-D: odds ratio [OR] = 3.5, 95% CI 1.9-6.7; MDI: OR = 3.7, 95% CI 1.4-10.0; SCL-A: OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.0-4.6; HADS: OR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.6-6.0). Patients in the intervention group also recovered more often (MDI: OR = 2.2; SCL-A: OR = 2.0; HADS < 8), although these results were not statistically significant. The course was less effective for work-related stress, but participants in the intervention group recovered more often from burnout than those in the control group (OR = 4.0, 95% CI 1.2-13.5). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated statistically and clinically significant effects on symptoms of depression and anxiety. These effects were even more pronounced among participants with more severe baseline problems and for participants who fully completed the course. The effects on work-related stress and quality of life were less clear. To our knowledge, this is the first trial of a Web-based, problem-solving intervention for people with different types of (comorbid) emotional problems. The results are promising, especially for symptoms of depression and anxiety. Further research is needed to enhance the effectiveness for work-related stress. TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 14881571.
Descriptors
Adult, Anxiety/epidemiology/prevention & control, Burnout, Professional/epidemiology/prevention & control, Comorbidity, Confidence Intervals, Depression/epidemiology/prevention & control, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Internet/utilization, Male, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Odds Ratio, Patient Education as Topic/methods/statistics & numerical data, Patient Participation/methods, Professional-Patient Relations, Program Evaluation, Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data, Self-Help Groups/statistics & numerical data, Social Support, Therapy, Computer-Assisted/statistics & numerical data
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
van Straten,A., Cuijpers,P., Smits,N.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20080325
PMCID
PMC2483843
Editors
|
|||
| Reliability of internet- versus telephone-administered questionnaires in a diverse sample of smokers | 2008 | Georgetown University Medical Center / Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, 3300 Whitehaven St, NW, Milton Harris Bldg, Suite 4100, Washington, DC 20007, USA. alg45@georgetown.edu | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of medical Internet research
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Med.Internet Res.
Pub Date Free Form
26-Mar
Volume
10
Issue
1
Start Page
e8
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20151119; ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00282009; GR: R01 CA104836/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA104836-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC2483847; 2007/10/28 [received]; 2008/02/20 [accepted]; 2008/02/07 [revised]; epubli
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1438-8871; 1438-8871
Accession Number
PMID: 18364345
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; IM
DOI
10.2196/jmir.987 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18364345
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Smoking is more prevalent among lower-income individuals and certain racial/ethnic minorities. Addressing tobacco cessation among diverse populations is an urgent public health priority. As Internet use continues to rise among all segments of the US population, Web-based interventions have enormous potential to reach priority populations. Conducting Web-based smoking cessation research in priority populations requires psychometrically sound measurement instruments. To date, only one published study has examined the psychometric properties of Internet-administered measures commonly used in Web-based cessation trials. However, the sample was homogeneous with regard to race/ethnicity and income. We sought to replicate and extend these findings in a more diverse sample of smokers. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to examine the internal consistency and test-retest reliability of measures commonly used in smoking cessation clinical trials among racial/ethnic minorities and smokers with lower income. METHODS: Participants were enrolled in a randomized trial of the efficacy of an Internet smoking cessation program between June 2005 and September 2006. Following a baseline telephone assessment and randomization into the parent trial, participants were recruited to the reliability substudy. In phase I of recruitment, all participants in the parent trial were recruited to the substudy; in phase II, all consecutive racial/ethnic minority participants in the parent trial were recruited. Race and ethnicity were assessed via self-report using two standard items from the US Office of Management and Budget. An email was sent 2 days after the telephone assessment with a link to the Internet survey. Measures examined were quit methods, perceived stress, depression, social support, smoking temptations, alcohol use, perceived health status, and income. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability of Internet- versus telephone-administered measures were examined within four strata defined by race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, racial/ethnic minority) and annual household income (US $40,000 or less, more than $40,000). RESULTS: Of the 442 individuals invited, 319 participated (72% response rate): 52.4% were non-Hispanic White, 22.9% Black, 11.6% Hispanic, 7.8% Asian, 4.4% American Indian / Alaska Native, and 1% Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander. About half (49.4%) reported an annual household income of US $40,000 or less, and 25.7% had a high school degree or less. Test-retest reliability was satisfactory to excellent across all strata for the majority of measures examined: 9 of 12 continuous variables had intraclass correlation coefficients > or = 0.70, and 10 of 18 binary variables and both ordinal variables had kappa coefficients > or = 0.70. Test-retest reliability of several quit methods varied across strata. CONCLUSIONS: Race/ethnicity and income do not affect the psychometric properties of most Internet-administered measures examined. This knowledge adds to the confidence of conducting Web-based smoking cessation research and strengthens the scientific rigor of collecting information via the Internet on racial/ethnic minority and low-income subgroups. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov NCT00282009 (parent trial).
Descriptors
Adult, Confidence Intervals, Female, Health Behavior/ethnology, Humans, Internet/utilization, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Education as Topic/methods, Patient Participation/statistics & numerical data, Poverty, Psychometrics, Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data, Reproducibility of Results, Smoking/ethnology, Smoking Cessation/ethnology/methods, Surveys and Questionnaires, Telephone/utilization, Tobacco Use Disorder/ethnology/rehabilitation, Treatment Outcome, United States/epidemiology
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Graham,A. L., Papandonatos,G. D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20080326
PMCID
PMC2483847
Editors
|
|||
| Functional response of sport divers to lobsters with application to fisheries management | 2008 | North Carolina State University, Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8208, USA. eggleston@ncsu.edu | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America
Periodical, Abbrev.
Ecol.Appl.
Pub Date Free Form
Jan
Volume
18
Issue
1
Start Page
258
Other Pages
272
Notes
JID: 9889808; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1051-0761; 1051-0761
Accession Number
PMID: 18372571
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18372571
Abstract
Fishery managers must understand the dynamics of fishers and their prey to successfully predict the outcome of management actions. We measured the impact of a two-day exclusively recreational fishery on Caribbean spiny lobster in the Florida Keys, USA, over large spatial scales (>100 km) and multiple years and used a theoretical, predator-prey functional response approach to identify whether or not sport diver catch rates were density-independent (type I) or density-dependent (type II or III functional response), and if catch rates were saturated (i.e., reached an asymptote) at relatively high lobster densities. We then describe how this predator-prey framework can be applied to fisheries management for spiny lobster and other species. In the lower Keys, divers exhibited a type-I functional response, whereby they removed a constant and relatively high proportion of lobsters (0.74-0.84) across all pre-fishing-season lobster densities. Diver fishing effort increased in a linear manner with lobster prey densities, as would be expected with a type-I functional response, and was an order of magnitude lower in the upper Keys than lower Keys. There were numerous instances in the upper Keys where the density of lobsters actually increased from before to after the fishing season, suggesting some type of "spill-in effect" from surrounding diver-disturbed areas. With the exception of isolated reefs in the upper Keys, the proportion of lobsters removed by divers was density independent (type-I functional response) and never reached saturation at natural lobster densities. Thus, recreational divers have a relatively simple predatory response to spiny lobster, whereby catch rates increase linearly with lobster density such that catch is a reliable indicator of abundance. Although diver predation is extremely high (approximately 80%), diver predation pressure is not expected to increase proportionally with a decline in lobster density (i.e., a depensatory response), which could exacerbate local extinction. Furthermore, management actions that reduce diver effort should have a concomitant and desired reduction in catch. The recreational diver-lobster predator-prey construct in this study provides a useful predictive framework to apply to both recreational and commercial fisheries, and on which to build as management actions are implemented.
Descriptors
Animals, Crustacea, Data Collection, Diving/physiology, Fisheries, Recreation
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Eggleston,D. B., Parsons,D. M., Kellison,G. T., Plaia,G. R., Johnson,E. G.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
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| A pleasure among friends: how narghile (waterpipe) smoking differs from cigarette smoking in Syria | 2008 | Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, PO Box 16542, Aleppo, Syria. fadi@scts-sy.org | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
17
Issue
2
Start Page
e3
Other Pages
Notes
GR: R01-TW05962/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01DA024876-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03-TW07233/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9209612; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 18375726
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1136/tc.2007.020529 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18375726
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Throughout the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR), tobacco is used primarily in two forms: cigarette smoking and waterpipe (called narghile (nar-GIL-eh) in Syria) smoking. OBJECTIVE: To explore whether narghile smokers are different from cigarette smokers in how their smoking habits are embedded in their everyday lives. METHODS: One-to-one interviews with 16 adult narghile smokers and 16 adult cigarette smokers about their feelings, experiences and beliefs regarding their initiation, use patterns, and attempts to quit. FINDINGS: Narghile smokers found that narghile was a pleasurable social experience embedded in cultural rituals. By contrast, cigarette smokers saw their cigarette smoking as a mundane, oppressive, personal addiction. Narghile smokers generally started in their 20s and found that smoking narghile fostered a sense of togetherness and cultural identity, while cigarette smokers started in their early teens, males having started to becoming a "real man". Unlike cigarette smokers who felt stigmatised, narghile smokers generally felt that smoking narghile was socially accepted. Cigarette smokers believed that cigarettes were harmful to their health and harmful to those around them, but narghile smokers believed smoking narghile was relatively harmless to themselves or to others. Unlike cigarette smokers who used cigarettes to manage stress, narghile smokers used narghile for entertainment, leisure, and escape. However, frequent narghile smokers confessed that they felt addicted in much the same way as cigarette smokers. Cigarette smokers and narghile smokers viewed quitting as a matter of will and conviction. Most cigarette smokers had tried to quit. Very few narghile smokers had ever tried to quit, and most were not interested in quitting. Disturbingly, some cigarette smokers had tried to quit cigarettes by switching to smoking narghile, but later relapsed to smoking cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: This exploratory study suggests that Syrian narghile smokers are different from Syrian cigarette smokers in their perceptions and beliefs about their smoking, and in their smoking patterns and lived experiences with tobacco. Our findings indicate that further in-depth research is need in the EMR to understand both modes of smoking to develop effective mode-specific prevention and cessation approaches. This study also raises concerns about a possible pattern where cigarette smokers are using narghile as a method for quitting cigarettes, and then relapsing.
Descriptors
Adult, Aged, Culture, Female, Friends, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Smoking/psychology, Smoking Cessation, Syria
Links
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Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Hammal,F., Mock,J., Ward,K. D., Eissenberg,T., Maziak,W.
Original/Translated Title
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