WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Prevalence of smoking among rural secondary school students in Qualyobia governorate	2003	Egyptian Smoking Prevention Research Institute.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Egypt.Soc.Parasitol. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 33 Issue 3 Suppl Start Page 1031 Other Pages 1050 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: TW0594401/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8102141; ppublish Place of Publication Egypt ISSN/ISBN 1110-0583; 1110-0583 Accession Number PMID: 15119469 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15119469 Abstract A cross sectional study was carried out in two rural secondary schools in Qualyobia governorate in the academic year 2002-2003 in order to assess the students' knowledge, attitudes and practice toward smoking. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was used. A total of 635 students, 416 males and 219 females were interviewed. The response rate was 100%. The prevalence of ever tried cigarette was 29% (40% among males and 7% among females) with a median age of initiation at 11 years of age. The prevalence of current cigarette smoking among all students was 7.7 (11.5% among males and 0% among females). Waterpipe (Shisha) smoking was reported by 19% (26% among males and 5% among females) with median age of initiation at 12 yearsof age. The risk of smoking is higher among sons of highly educated mothers (OR=3.7, 95% CI=1-12), Boy only school students have almost half the risk of smoking than mixed school male students (OR=0.4, 95% CI=0.2-0.8). On studying the effect of having a smoker family member or friends on students smoking, having a smoker friend increases the risk of male students three time (OR=3, 95%CI=2-5) while others smoking was not statistically significant. More than 90% of the students (both males and females) thought that active and passive smoking are harmful. More females than males thought smoking is addictive (89% of the females and 81% of the males) while more males than females agreed that smokers have more friends (34% of males, 26% of the females) and that smoking makes boys look handsome (8% of males, 3% of females). Descriptors Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Egypt/epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Rural Health, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation, Students/statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gadalla,S., Aboul-Fotouh,A., El-Setouhy,M., Mikhail,N., Abdel-Aziz,F., Mohamed,M. K., Kamal Ael,A., Israel,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Evaluation of shear bond strength with different enamel pre-treatments	2004	Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full European journal of orthodontics Periodical, Abbrev. Eur.J.Orthod. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 26 Issue 2 Start Page 179 Other Pages 184 Notes LR: 20041117; JID: 7909010; 0 (Panavia TPN-S); 0 (Phosphates); 0 (Resin Cements); 0 (Transbond XT); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0141-5387; 0141-5387 Accession Number PMID: 15130041 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; D; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15130041 Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the shear bond strengths of two adhesives, Panavia-21 and a composite resin (Transbond XT), with different enamel pre-treatments, acid etching (37 per cent phosphoric acid) and grit blasting (50 microm aluminium oxide particles). The mode of bond failure was also assessed using the modified adhesive remnant index (ARI). Ninety freshly extracted non-carious human premolar teeth were randomly divided into the following groups: (1) Transbond XT, acid-etched enamel surface; (2) Panavia-21, acid-etched enamel surface; (3) Transbond XT, grit-blasted enamel surface; (4) Panavia-21, grit-blasted enamel surface; (5) Transbond XT, acid-etched enamel surface with grit-blasted brackets; (6) Panavia-21, acid-etched enamel surface with grit-blasted brackets. All groups had stainless steel brackets bonded to the buccal surface of each tooth. An Instron universal testing machine was used to determine the shear bond strengths at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/second. Statistical analysis was undertaken using analysis of variance and the Tukey test. The mean bond strength values were as follows: group 1, 135.7 +/- 23.0 N; group 2, 181.5 +/- 18.4 N; group 3, 38.4 +/- 27.5 N; group 4, 59.1 +/- 24.1 N; group 5, 106.7 +/- 21.5 N; group 6, 165.3 +/- 21.4 N. Panavia-21 with the acid-etched enamel surface had a significantly higher shear bond strength than the other groups (P < 0.001). This was followed by the composite group with the acid-etched enamel surface. This group differed significantly from the composite and Panavia-21 groups with the grit-blasted tooth surface (P < 0.001) and from the composite and Panavia-21 groups with the acid-etched enamel surface and grit-blasted brackets (P < 0.01). The current findings indicate that Panavia-21 is an excellent adhesive and produces a bond strength that is clinically useful. Enamel surface preparation using grit blasting alone results in a significantly lower bond strength and should not be advocated for clinical use. Descriptors Analysis of Variance, Dental Bonding, Dental Enamel, Dental Etching/methods, Dental Stress Analysis, Humans, Materials Testing, Orthodontic Brackets, Phosphates, Random Allocation, Resin Cements, Shear Strength, Surface Properties Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Abu Alhaija,E. S., Al-Wahadni,A. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Efficacy of using self-etching primer with a 4-META/MMA-TBB resin cement in bonding orthodontic brackets to human enamel and effect of saliva contamination on shear bond strength	2004	Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan. somsak@mascat.nihon-u.ac.jp	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Angle Orthodontist Periodical, Abbrev. Angle Orthod. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 74 Issue 2 Start Page 251 Other Pages 258 Notes LR: 20121115; JID: 0370550; 0 (Boron Compounds); 0 (Megabond); 0 (Methacrylates); 0 (Methylmethacrylates); 0 (Phosphoric Acids); 0 (Resin Cements); 95508-14-8 (Super-bond); E4GA8884NN (phosphoric acid); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0003-3219; 0003-3219 Accession Number PMID: 15132453 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM DOI 10.1043/0003-3219(2004)074<0251:EOUSPW>2.0.CO;2 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15132453 Abstract The objective of this study was (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of Megabond when used with Superbond C&B, a 4-methacryloloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride (4-META)/methyl methacrylate (MMA)-tri-n-butyl borane (TBB) resin, to bond orthodontic metal brackets to human enamel and (2) to examine the influence of saliva contamination on shear bond strength. Metal brackets were bonded to phosphoric acid-etched or Megabond-treated human premolars using Superbond C&B resin cement. The effects of saliva contamination after acid etching or self-etch priming, and the effect of re-etching or self-etch priming after saliva contamination on shear bond strength were also assessed. The shear bond strengths were measured after immersion in water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Fisher's protected least significant difference test for multiple comparisons. There were no significant differences in shear bond strength between phosphoric acid etching and self-etch priming for no contamination, saliva contamination, and repeat treatment (etching or priming) after saliva contamination. With phosphoric acid etching, saliva contamination significantly decreased the shear bond strength. Repeat phosphoric acid etching after saliva contamination did not significantly improve the bond strengths. With self-etching primer treatment, however, saliva contamination did not cause any decrease of bond strength. Phosphoric acid etching produced more enamel fracture than self-etching primer treatment. Field-emission scanning microscopy revealed less dissolution of enamel surface resulted from self-etching primer compared with phosphoric acid. These results suggest that Megabond when used with Superbond C&B resin cement may be a good candidate for bonding orthodontic brackets to human enamel. Descriptors Acid Etching, Dental/methods, Analysis of Variance, Boron Compounds, Chi-Square Distribution, Dental Bonding, Dental Enamel/drug effects, Dental Stress Analysis, Humans, Materials Testing, Methacrylates/pharmacology, Methylmethacrylates, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Orthodontic Brackets, Phosphoric Acids/pharmacology, Random Allocation, Resin Cements, Saliva, Shear Strength, Surface Properties/drug effects Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Sirirungrojying,S., Saito,K., Hayakawa,T., Kasai,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Development and process evaluation of a web-based smoking cessation program for college smokers: innovative tool for education	2004	Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1525 Clifton Road, Room 105, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. cescoff@sph.emory.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Patient education and counseling Periodical, Abbrev. Patient Educ.Couns. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 53 Issue 2 Start Page 217 Other Pages 225 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: DA14396-02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8406280; 2002/12/13 [received]; 2003/04/23 [revised]; 2003/05/05 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Ireland ISSN/ISBN 0738-3991; 0738-3991 Accession Number PMID: 15140462 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; N DOI 10.1016/S0738-3991(03)00163-0 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15140462 Abstract Smoking cessation interventions are needed for young adults. Innovative approaches to behavior change for this population should be tested. Formative research and process evaluation of those approaches would result in more effective programs. This paper presents the development process and process evaluation of a web-based smoking cessation program. A description of the stages of development is presented with formative research, development of the web-based intervention, formative evaluation, and process evaluation. The smokers reported high usage of the intervention and satisfaction with the intervention in that it helped to raise their consciousness about quitting, encouraged them to set behavioral goals, provided stages of change feedback, and offered interactivity in presenting information and strategies about quitting. The Internet may be a promising tool for patient education according to the process results. Descriptors Adult, Attitude to Health, Computer-Assisted Instruction/methods, Feasibility Studies, Female, Focus Groups, Follow-Up Studies, Goals, Health Behavior, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Internet/organization & administration, Male, Needs Assessment, Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care), Patient Education as Topic/methods, Program Evaluation, Smoking/prevention & control/psychology, Smoking Cessation/methods/psychology, Southeastern United States, Students/psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Universities Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Escoffery,C., McCormick,L., Bateman,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a general population-based study in Xi'an of Northwest China	2004	Department of Gastroenterology, Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China. jinhaiwang@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full World journal of gastroenterology Periodical, Abbrev. World J.Gastroenterol. Pub Date Free Form 1-Jun Volume 10 Issue 11 Start Page 1647 Other Pages 1651 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100883448; OID: NLM: PMC4572771; ppublish Place of Publication China ISSN/ISBN 1007-9327; 1007-9327 Accession Number PMID: 15162542 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15162542 Abstract AIM: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder in the Western population, but detailed population-based data in China are limited. The aim of this study was to understand the epidemiology of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux (SGER) in adults of Xi'an, a northwestern city of China, and to explore the potential risk factors of GERD. METHODS: Symptoms suggestive of GERD, functional dyspepsia (FD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), upper respiratory diseases and some potential risk factors were investigated in a face-to-face manner in a region-stratified random samples of 2789 residents aged 18-70 years in Xi'an by using a standardized questionnaire. METHODS: With a response rate of 91.8%, the prevalence of SGER was 16.98% (95% CI, 14.2-18.92) in Xi'an adults, and no gender-related difference was observed (P<0.05). SGER was more common among subjects aged 30-70 years than in those aged 18-29 years (P<0.01). The prevalence of SGER in rural, urban and suburban subjects was 21.07%, 17.44% and 12.12%, respectively, and there was a significant difference between rural, urban and suburban regions (P<0.05). Compared with subjects without SGER, the prevalence of symptoms suggestive of FD and IBS, pneumonia, asthma, bronchitis, laryngitis, pharyngitis, chronic cough, wheeze, globus sensation, oral ulcer and snore was significantly increased in subjects with SGER (P<0.01). Heavy smoking (OR=5.76; CI, 3.70-6.67), heavy alcohol use (OR=2.85; CI, 1.67-4.49), peptic ulcer (OR=5.76; CI, 3.99-8.32), cerebral palsy (OR=3.97; CI, 1.97-8.00), abdominal operation (OR=2.69; CI, 1.75-4.13), obesity (OR=2.16; CI, 1.47-3.16), excessive food intake (OR=1.43; CI, 1.17-1.15), sweet food (OR=1.23; CI, 0.89-1.54), and consumption of coffee (OR=1.23; CI, 0.17-2.00) were independently associated with SGER. The episodes of GERD were commonly precipitated by dietary factors (66.05%), followed by body posture (26.54%), ill temper (23.72%), fatigue (22.32%) and stress (10.93%). CONCLUSION: GERD is common in Xi'an's adult population with a mild or moderate degree. The etiology and pathogenesis of GERD are probably associated with FD, IBS, and some respiratory, laryngopharyngeal and odontostological diseases or symptoms. Some lifestyles, diseases and dietary factors are the risk factors of GERD. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, China/epidemiology, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology, Humans, Laryngitis/epidemiology, Lung Diseases/epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Pharyngitis/epidemiology, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Rural Population/statistics & numerical data, Sex Distribution, Surveys and Questionnaires, Urban Population/statistics & numerical data Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wang,J. H., Luo,J. Y., Dong,L., Gong,J., Tong,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4572771 Editors
Factor analysis of household factors: are they associated with respiratory conditions in Chinese children?	2004	Department of Health Evaluation Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 600 Centerview Drive, PO Box 855, Hershey, PA 17033, USA. zqian@psu.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of epidemiology Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Epidemiol. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 33 Issue 3 Start Page 582 Other Pages 588 Notes LR: 20071114; GR: ES05022-10/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7802871; 0 (Coal); 0 (Smoke); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2004/05/27 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0300-5771; 0300-5771 Accession Number PMID: 15166210 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1093/ije/dyg278 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15166210 Abstract BACKGROUND: We explored methods to develop uncorrelated variables for epidemiological analysis models. They were used to examine associations between respiratory health outcomes and multiple household risk factors. METHODS: We analysed data collected in the Four Chinese Cities Study (FCCS) to examine health effects on prevalence rates of respiratory symptoms and illnesses in 7058 school children living in the four Chinese cities: Lanzhou, Chongqing, Wuhan, and Guangzhou. We used factor analysis approaches to reduce the number of the children's lifestyle/household variables and to develop new uncorrelated 'factor' variables. We used unconditional logistic regression models to examine associations between the factor variables and the respiratory health outcomes, while controlling for other covariates. RESULTS: Five factor variables were derived from 21 original variables: heating coal smoke, cooking coal smoke, socioeconomic status, ventilation, and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and parental asthma. We found that higher exposure to heating coal smoke was associated with higher reporting of cough with phlegm, wheeze, and asthma. Cooking coal smoke was not associated with any of the outcomes. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with lower reporting of persistent cough and bronchitis. Higher household ventilation was associated with lower reporting of persistent cough, persistent phlegm, cough with phlegm, bronchitis, and wheeze. Higher exposure to ETS and the presence of parental asthma were associated with higher reporting of persistent cough, persistent phlegm, cough with phlegm, bronchitis, wheeze, and asthma. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that independent respiratory effects of exposure to indoor air pollution, heating coal smoke, and ETS may exist for the studied children. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects, Asthma/epidemiology/etiology, Bronchitis/epidemiology/etiology, Child, China/epidemiology, Coal, Cough/epidemiology/etiology, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Heating, Humans, Respiratory Sounds/etiology, Respiratory Tract Diseases/epidemiology/etiology, Risk Factors, Smoke/adverse effects, Socioeconomic Factors, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects, Ventilation Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Qian,Z., Zhang,J., Korn,L. R., Wei,F., Chapman,R. S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20040527 PMCID Editors
Severe vertigo after a scuba-dive to 29 meters	2004	Ratisches Kantons- und Regionalspital, Departement ORL, Chur.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Praxis Periodical, Abbrev. Praxis (Bern 1994) Pub Date Free Form 28-Apr Volume 93 Issue 18 Start Page 775 Other Pages 777 Notes LR: 20080610; JID: 101468093; ppublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1661-8157; 1661-8157 Accession Number PMID: 15171513 Language ger SubFile Case Reports; English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1024/0369-8394.93.18.775 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15171513 Abstract A 27-year-old flight instructor experienced 5 to 10 minutes after a scuba-dive to 29 m, which lasted totally 50 minutes, dizziness, nausea and severe vertigo. The symptoms lasted about an hour. The patient vomited several times and noted sudden onset headache and vertigo lasting the following three days. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was started 30 hours after the event because decompression sickness was suspected. Transthoracic echocardiographic evaluation showed a patent foramen ovale. Diving accidents may be caused by decompression sickness, the formation of a free intravascular gas phase (bubbles) may result in transatrial shunting in the presence of a patent foramen ovale and may lead to neurological signs and symptoms. In this context the diver was advised to undergo closure of the atrial septal defect. Five months after the incident the patient underwent successful transcatheter occlusion of the PFO. Descriptors Adult, Decompression Sickness/diagnosis/etiology, Diagnosis, Differential, Diving/adverse effects, Humans, Male, Meniere Disease/diagnosis/etiology, Vertigo/etiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Frigg,C., Stepanek,J., Gmur,A. Original/Translated Title Der PRAXIS-Fall. Starker Schwindel nach einem Tauchgang in 29 Meter Tiefe URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Changing epidemiology of smoking: Barcelona, 2000-2001	2004	Agencia de Salut Publica de Barcelona. jrvillal@aspd.es	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Revista clinica espanola Periodical, Abbrev. Rev.Clin.Esp. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 204 Issue 6 Start Page 312 Other Pages 316 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 8608576; ppublish Place of Publication Spain ISSN/ISBN 0014-2565; 0014-2565 Accession Number PMID: 15171893 Language spa SubFile Comparative Study; English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI 13062270 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15171893 Abstract CONTEXT: In recent years various initiatives of prevention and social changes have been carried out that should have an effect on epidemiology of smoking in our area. Their real effect is little known, however, because of methodological changes in the existing population surveys. In this work the data on smoking in the last city of Barcelona health survey (ESBA 2000-01) are analyzed, with reference to the cumulative information obtained along 18 years from the first survey in 1983. METHOD: ESBA 2000-01 is an interview health survey carried out on a weighted sample with 10,030 people. Data relative to tobacco use are showed for people 15-year-old or older included in the survey, stratified by age, sex, and class. Consumption context variables are also showed, and the tobacco consumption quitting among people who have smoked is analyzed. RESULTS: The proportion of daily smokers in the population over 14 years of age is 29 %, while that of former smokers is 21 % and 2.2 % in this population are occasional smokers. The prevalence is maximum in the 35-44 year-old group, and the prevalence is reduced drastically after this age. Stratified analysis by age, sex, and occupational category shows interesting differences among daily smokers. A strong gradient is observed according to occupational category in males. The situation is more complex in women. The typical smoker began when 17-year-old, and now consumes 16 cigarettes a day. Consumption is somewhat higher in males and is maximum in the 35-44 year-old group. Two-third of the smokers (65.7 %) want to quit smoking and more than one third (36 %) has attempted it along the last year. Almost half of smokers (48.1 %) have received advice to quit smoking from their physician. One of every four (24.9 %) smokers has been warned for smoking in some places. Almost half smokers are the only smoker in their home, and barely a third are the only smokers at work. The proportion of quitting increases with age in both sexes, and nowadays the differences in the probability of quitting smoking are few when the data are stratified by age groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results show the changing pattern of tobacco epidemiology in Barcelona: smoking is no longer the main behavior in no age and sex group, and the only social group in which more than half of its members smoke are 25-44 year-old not qualified worker males. This situation has occurred because of two processes: an important proportion of early quitting (demonstrated even in young adults) and a decrease in the beginning of the habit. Real differences are not observed between males and females with regard to the probability of quitting smoking. These data correct recent estimates that could be influenced by methodological changes in the instruments used. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Sex Distribution, Smoking/epidemiology/trends, Smoking Cessation, Socioeconomic Factors, Spain/epidemiology, Surveys and Questionnaires Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Villalbi,J. R., Tomas,Z., Lopez,M. J., Rodriguez,M., Nebot,M. Original/Translated Title La cambiante epidemiologia del tabaquismo: Barcelona, 2000-2001 URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Diversity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from AOC Salers cheese	2004	Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, Unite de Recherches Fromageres, Aurillac, France. callon@clermont.inra.fr	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of dairy research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Dairy Res. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 71 Issue 2 Start Page 231 Other Pages 244 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 2985125R; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0022-0299; 0022-0299 Accession Number PMID: 15190953 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15190953 Abstract The objective of this work was to describe the diversity of lactic acid bacteria in traditional raw milk Salers cheeses at the species and strain levels. The characterization of 381 strains isolated during ripening and various strain collections was investigated using physiological analysis and molecular techniques: Rep-PCR, species and genus specific amplifications and the sequence analysis of 16S rDNA for strain typing and taxonomic identification. The strains belonged to Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactococcus lactis, Lactococcus garviae, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus millieri, Streptococcus macedonicus and Pediococcus pentosaceus. A wide phenotypic and genomic heterogeneity was observed within the different species (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei and Leuconostoc mesenteroides) according to the origin and the time of ripening. The natural microflora was different from strain collection and each method must be combined to identify and characterize natural microflora. This study revealed the low selectivity of selective media used for the isolation of different groups of lactic acid bacteria except the Facultatively Heterofermentative lactobacilli medium selecting mesophile lactobacilli and SB medium selective for Enterococcus. The study reveals, for the first time, the microbial lactic acid bacteria community of Salers cheese and its diversity. A better knowledge of microbial flora will be useful to improve understanding of sensory quality of cheeses. Descriptors Cheese/microbiology, Colony Count, Microbial, DNA Fingerprinting, DNA, Bacterial/analysis, Enterococcus/genetics/isolation & purification, Fermentation, Lactobacillus/genetics/isolation & purification, Lactococcus/genetics/isolation & purification, Leuconostoc/genetics/isolation & purification, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Streptococcus/genetics/isolation & purification Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Callon,C., Millet,L., Montel,M. C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide in healthy smokers and non-smokers	2004	Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty of Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey. drfigen@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Respiratory medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Respir.Med. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 98 Issue 6 Start Page 551 Other Pages 556 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 8908438; 0 (Smoke); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0954-6111; 0954-6111 Accession Number PMID: 15191041 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15191041 Abstract The measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) level may provide an immediate, non-invasive method of assessing smoking status. The aims of this study were to use a portable CO monitor to compare the exhaled CO levels in established smokers and non-smokers. The exhaled CO levels were measured in 322 subjects (243 healthy smokers, 55 healthy non-smokers, 24 passive smokers) who applied to healthy stand during the spring student activity of Firat University in Elazig. Exhaled CO concentration was measured using the EC50 Smokerlyser. The mean exhaled CO level was 17.13+/-8.50 parts per million (ppm) for healthy smokers and 3.61+/-2.15 ppm for healthy non-smokers, and 5.20+/-3.38 ppm for passive smokers. There were significant positive correlation between CO levels and daily cigarette consumption, and CO levels and duration of smoking in healthy smokers (r=+0.550, P<0.001, r=+0.265, P<0.001, respectively. Spearman's test). When smokers and non-smokers were looked at as a whole, a cutoff of 6.5 ppm had a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 83%. In conclusion, exhaled CO level provides an easy, an immediate way of assessing a subject's smoking status. Descriptors Adult, Analysis of Variance, Breath Tests, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Smoke/analysis, Smoking/metabolism, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Deveci,S. E., Deveci,F., Acik,Y., Ozan,A. T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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