Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year Sort descending | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Waterpipe use predicts progression to regular cigarette smoking among Danish youth | 2010 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Subst Use Misuse
Periodical, Abbrev.
Subst.Use Misuse
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
45
Issue
8-Jul
Start Page
1245
Other Pages
61
Notes
ID: 20441461
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Waterpipe smoking among Danish, Swedish, and German youth is increasing dramatically, indicating the emergence of a new health threat. This study assessed the association between waterpipe smoking and progression to regular cigarette smoking among Danish continuation school students during 2004-2005. All participants (N = 762) had smoked cigarettes on a nonregular basis at baseline. Among boys, waterpipe smoking frequency was predictive of being a regular cigarette smoker at follow-up eight months later. Further research should examine waterpipe smoking as a potential predictor of cigarette smoking. The study's limitations are noted.
Descriptors
Smoking/epidemiology, Adolescent, Denmark/epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Program Evaluation, Risk Factors, Smoking Cessation/statistics & numerical data, Questionnaires, Tobacco Use Disorder, Water
Links
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826081003682909
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Jensen,Poul Dengsoe, Cortes,Rikke, Engholm,Gerda, Kremers,Stef, Gislum,Mette
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Bacterial species associated with traditional starter cultures used for fermented bamboo shoot production in Manipur state of India | 2010 | Microbial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Takyelpat Institutional Area, Imphal-795001, Manipur, India. saccharomyces@rediffmail.com | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of food microbiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Food Microbiol.
Pub Date Free Form
30-Sep
Volume
143
Issue
2-Jan
Start Page
1
Other Pages
8
Notes
CI: Copyright 2010; JID: 8412849; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (DNA, Intergenic); 0 (DNA, Ribosomal); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 23S); 2010/01/23 [received]; 2010/06/16 [revised]; 2010/07/10 [accepted]; 2010/07/15 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1879-3460; 0168-1605
Accession Number
PMID: 20696489
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.07.008 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20696489
Abstract
Soidon is a non-salted acidic fermented food prepared from the succulent bamboo shoot tip of Schizostachyum capitatum Munro by using a traditional liquid starter called "soidon mahi" in Manipur state of India. In this study, 163 bacterial isolates associated with this starter samples were identified and their population distribution was investigated by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), 16S rDNA sequencing and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. This acidic starter (pH 4.5+/-0.15) was dominated by a characteristic association of Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) together. The population distribution of dominant species were Bacillus subtilis 29.3%, Bacillus cereus 35.7%, Bacillus pumilus 2.6%, Lactobacillus brevis 9.6%, Lactobacillus plantarum 5.1%, Carnobacterium sp. 11.9%, Enterococcus faecium 1.2% and Pseudomonas fluorescens 4.6%. Alarming population load (10(6)-10(7)cfu/ml) of B. cereus in 87% of starter samples studied should raise concern regarding biosafety of soidon consumption. PCR amplification of 16S-23S rDNA intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) region and ITS-RFLP profiles revealed a high diversity with eight subgroups in B. subtilis, five subgroups in B. cereus and three subgroups in L. brevis isolates. The most abundant B. subtilis subgroup IB.1 distributed in most of the samples showed very less clonal variability during RAPD analysis. The molecular methods used in this study identified the dominant strains of Bacillus and LAB distributed in most of the starter samples. These dominant strains of B. subtilis, L. brevis and L. plantarum would allow for developing a defined starter culture for the production of quality soidon.
Descriptors
Bacteria/classification/genetics/growth & development, Bacterial Load, Bacterial Typing Techniques/methods, Bambusa/metabolism/microbiology, DNA, Bacterial/analysis, DNA, Intergenic, DNA, Ribosomal, Fermentation, Food Handling, Food Microbiology, Food Safety, India, Plant Shoots, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, RNA, Ribosomal, 23S, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique, Sequence Analysis, DNA
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Jeyaram,K., Romi,W., Singh,T. A., Devi,A. R., Devi,S. S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100715
PMCID
Editors
|
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| N-{2-[4-(2-Meth-oxy-phen-yl)piperazin-1-yl]eth-yl}pyridin-2-amine monohydrate | 2010 | Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, People's Republic of China. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online
Periodical, Abbrev.
Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online
Pub Date Free Form
23-Jun
Volume
66
Issue
Pt 7
Start Page
o1727
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20111209; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC3006790; 2010/05/27 [received]; 2010/06/14 [accepted]; 2010/06/23 [epublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1600-5368; 1600-5368
Accession Number
PMID: 21587944
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.1107/S1600536810022816 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21587944
Abstract
In the title compound, C(18)H(24)N(4)O.H(2)O, the piperizine ring adopts a chair conformation and the dihedral angle between the phenyl and pyridine rings is 39.9 (3) degrees . The comformations of the attachment of the anisole and N-ethyl-pyridin-2-amine groups to the piperazine ring are +anti-periplanar. An intra-molecular C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO inter-action occurs. In the crystal, the water mol-ecule links the mol-ecules into chains through O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bonds. Weak N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO, C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN and C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO inter-actions further stabilize the crystal structure.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Jiang,Q. F., Lu,C. X.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100623
PMCID
PMC3006790
Editors
|
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| Emerging tobacco products: hookah use among New Jersey youth | 2010 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Prev Med
Periodical, Abbrev.
Prev.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
51
Issue
5
Start Page
394
Other Pages
6
Notes
ID: 20817023
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A national surveillance system to track hookah use by adolescents does not exist. A growing body of evidence suggests that high school-aged students are experimenting with this form of tobacco. This study adds to the current literature by providing prevalence estimates and factors associated with hookah use among New Jersey high school students. METHOD: This study explores factors associated with hookah use using 2008 NJYTS data. The 2008 NJYTS was a self-reported, paper-and-pencil, cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of 3010 high school students. RESULTS: 9.7% of NJ high school students are current hookah users. Predictors of hookah use included those who identified as Asian, concurrent tobacco users, perceiving that cigars are safer than cigarettes, or perceiving that smoking looks cool. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hookah use, higher likelihood of concurrent tobacco use among hookah users, and misperceptions of safety and popularity of hookah among NJ adolescents are cause for concern and action. The development and regular implementation of standardized hookah prevalence questions into our national and state surveillance systems, as well as targeted, state-specific youth education and prevention activities are essential to thwart this growing public health concern.
Descriptors
Smoking/epidemiology, Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, New Jersey/epidemiology, Population Surveillance, Self Report, Smoking/trends
Links
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.08.016
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Jordan,Heather M., Delnevo,Cristine D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Uniform diet in a diverse society. Revealing new dietary evidence of the Danish Roman Iron Age based on stable isotope analysis | 2010 | Museum of Copenhagen, DK-1658 Copenhagen, Denmark. marielouise_sj@hotmail.com | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Am.J.Phys.Anthropol.
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
143
Issue
4
Start Page
523
Other Pages
533
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2010; JID: 0400654; 0 (Carbon Isotopes); 0 (Collagen Type I); 0 (Nitrogen Isotopes); ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1096-8644; 0002-9483
Accession Number
PMID: 20564524
Language
eng
SubFile
Historical Article; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1002/ajpa.21346 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20564524
Abstract
A systematic dietary investigation during Danish Roman Iron Age (1-375AD) is conducted by analyzing stable isotope ratios of carbon (delta(13) C) and nitrogen (delta(15) N) in the collagen of human and animal bone. The human sample comprises 77 individuals from 10 burial sites. In addition 31 samples of mammals and fish were analyzed from same geographical area. The investigation characterizes the human diet among different social groupings and analyses dietary differences present between sex, age, and site phase groups. Diachronically, the study investigates the Roman influences that had an effect on social structure and subsistence economy in both the Early and Late Period. Geographically the locations are both inland and coastal. The isotopic data indicate extremely uniform diet both between and within population groups from Early and Late Roman periods and the data are consistent throughout the Roman Iron Age. Protein consumption was dominated by terrestrial animals with no differences among social status, age, sex, or time period, while terrestrial plant protein only seems to have contributed little in the diet. Furthermore, the consumption of marine or aquatic resources does not seem to have been important, even among the individuals living next to the coast.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Anthropology, Physical, Archaeology/methods, Bone and Bones/chemistry, Carbon Isotopes/analysis, Cemeteries, Child, Child, Preschool, Collagen Type I/chemistry, Denmark, Diet/history, Female, Fishes, History, Ancient, History, Medieval, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nitrogen Isotopes/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Wiley-Liss, Inc
Data Source
Authors
Jorkov,M. L., Jorgensen,L., Lynnerup,N.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
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| A rapid situation assessment (RSA) study of alcohol and drug use in Lebanon | 2010 | Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Balamand University, Lebanon. egkaram@idraac.org | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Le Journal medical libanais.The Lebanese medical journal
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Med.Liban.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr-Jun
Volume
58
Issue
2
Start Page
76
Other Pages
85
Notes
JID: 0375352; ppublish
Place of Publication
Lebanon
ISSN/ISBN
0023-9852; 0023-9852
Accession Number
PMID: 20549893
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20549893
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Research on substance use and misuse in Lebanon is scarce and, when available, focuses on a specific substance or a limited segment of the population. The objective of this Rapid Situation Assessment (RAS) study was to survey the use of multiple substances in diverse segments of the Lebanese population. METHODS: A multi-method and multi-sample survey was conducted to collect quantitative and qualitative data from the academic sector (high school and university students), substance users in treatment or under arrest (prison, detention), and non-institutionalized "street" users. RESULTS: Age of first use of substances started as early as 9 years in the youth sample. Moreover, 12% of the high school students reported smoking one or more packs of cigarettes per day and 9% of the university students met criteria for DSM-IV alcohol abuse. Cannabis represented the most commonly used illicit drug in both high school and university students, and tranquilizers were the most frequently misused medicinal substance. Heroin was responsible for 50% of the treatment admissions, followed by cocaine (20%), and alcohol (20%); heroin was also the most common substance of arrest. Recidivism was almost the rule for heroin users across all treatment settings. Unperceived need for treatment was the most common reason for not seeking treatment in non-institutionalized drug users (47.6%). Injecting drug use was a common behavior noted within substance using populations, in treatment and non-institutionalized (about 50% of them), with a high rate of needle sharing practices. About half of all patients in treatment had a history of police arrests, and about one-third of those in prison ever received prior treatment for substance use. CONCLUSION: The study points towards a growing trend for substance use problems in early adolescence that warrants close monitoring. Further investigation of these patterns is needed since the Lebanese population might have specific pathways of abuse. There is a need to bring together various health, legislative, and academic stakeholders for a continuous appraisal of data from substance abuse studies as evidenced by the recent, although slow, progress in the fields of legislation and treatment that follow such concerted efforts.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Institutionalization, Lebanon/epidemiology, Male, Prisoners/statistics & numerical data, Sampling Studies, Students/statistics & numerical data, Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology, Young Adult
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Karam,E. G., Ghandour,L. A., Maalouf,W. E., Yamout,K., Salamoun,M. M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Comparison of two different methods for the investigation of in vitro susceptibilities of planktonic and biofilm forming Candida species to antifungal agents | 2010 | Gazi Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi, Farmasotik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dali, Ankara, Turkiye. fkaynak@gmail.com | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Mikrobiyoloji bulteni
Periodical, Abbrev.
Mikrobiyol.Bul.
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
44
Issue
4
Start Page
619
Other Pages
631
Notes
JID: 7503830; 0 (Antifungal Agents); ppublish
Place of Publication
Turkey
ISSN/ISBN
0374-9096; 0374-9096
Accession Number
PMID: 21063974
Language
tur
SubFile
Comparative Study; English Abstract; Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21063974
Abstract
Microdilution method that determines the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of antifungal agents against Candida spp. is still the only method used in laboratories for both biofilm and planktonic forms. However, it was determined in several studies that there were susceptibility differences between the biofilm and planktonic forms of the same microorganism. The aims of this study were the determination of in vitro susceptibilities of planktonic and biofilm forms of Candida strains against antifungal agents, the comparison of the data obtained from planktonic and biofilm forms and the evaluation of two different methods used for the detection of susceptibilities of biofilm forms. Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 90028 and Candida krusei ATCC 6258 were used as reference strains together with clinical isolates of one of each C.albicans, C.parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis. Microdilution method was used to determine the susceptibilities of planktonic forms of the strains according to CLSI M27-A3 standards, and MIC values of fluconazole, itraconazole, flucytosine, amphotericin B and nystatin were determined. For the detection of antifungal susceptibilities of Candida spp. biofilm forms, Calgary biofilm method (CBM) and BioTimer assay (BTA) were used, and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) and minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) values of the same antifungals were determined. The difference between MIC and CBM-MBEC, CBM-MBEC and BTA-MBEC, CBM-MBEC and BTAMBIC values were found statistically significant (p 0.05) for the other antifungal agents. These findings supported that antifungal susceptibilities of biofilm forming Candida strains should also be investigated. However, MBEC and MBIC of the antifungal agents should not always be expected to be higher than the MIC values since the mechanism of action of the specific antifungal agents and the first inoculum concentration of the microorganisms might differ.
Descriptors
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Candida/drug effects/physiology, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods, Plankton/drug effects
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Kaynak Onurdag,F., Ozgen,S., Abbasoglu,U., Gurcan,I. S.
Original/Translated Title
Candida turlerinin biyofilm olusturan ve planktonik formlarinin antifungal ajanlara karsi in vitro duyarliliklarinin arastirilmasinda iki farkli yontemin karsilastirilmasi
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Prevalence of dyspepsia and its correlation with demographic factors and lifestyle in shiraz, southern iran | 2010 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Middle East J Dig Dis
Periodical, Abbrev.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
2
Issue
1
Start Page
24
Other Pages
30
Notes
ID: 25197509
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
en
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyspepsia is a common disorder that can present many clinical dilemmas in patient management. Although not life-threatening, the symptoms are long-lasting, interfere with daily activities and have a significant impact upon quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of dyspepsia and its relationship with demographic and socioeconomic factors, and lifestyle in an apparently healthy population in Shiraz, southern Iran. METHODS In a population-based study, 1978 subjects aged 35 years or older were interviewed from April to September 2004. A questionnaire consisting of demographic factors, lifestyle data and gastrointestinal symptoms was completed for each participant. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were determined. RESULTS The prevalence of dyspepsia was 29.9%. The dyspeptic patients were classified as having ulcer-like (27.9%), dysmotility-like (26.2%) or unspecified dyspepsia (45.9%). The prevalence was higher in females, water-pipe smokers, NSAIDs users, and in those with psychological distress, recurrent headache, anxiety, nightmares and past history of gastrointestinal disease. Dyspepsia had an inverse relationship with consumption of pickles, fruits and vegetables, and with duration of meal ingestion. Subjects with dyspepsia symptoms were more likely to restrict their diet, take herbal medicine, use over-the-counter drugs, consult with physicians and consume medication advised by their friends. CONCLUSION This study reveals that dyspepsia has a high prevalence in Shiraz, southern Iran and is associated with several demographic factors, lifestyle and health-seeking behavior.
Descriptors
Links
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4154903/?tool=pubmed
Book Title
Database
MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Khademolhosseini,F., Mehrabani,D., Zare,N., Salehi,M., Heydari,St, Beheshti,M., Saberi-Firoozi,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Periodontal health in Down syndrome: contributions of mental disability, personal, and professional dental care | 2010 | Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. akhocht@temple.edu | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
Spec.Care Dentist.
Pub Date Free Form
May-Jun
Volume
30
Issue
3
Start Page
118
Other Pages
123
Notes
LR: 20111117; GR: DE15012-02/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8103755; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1754-4505; 0275-1879
Accession Number
PMID: 20500707
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; D
DOI
10.1111/j.1754-4505.2010.00134.x [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20500707
Abstract
Fifty-five dentate patients with Down syndrome (DS) and 74 with mental disability non-Down (MR) were compared to 88 control subjects. Subjects in the MR and Control groups were matched by gender and ethnicity to subjects with DS. All subjects were nonsmokers. Periodontal evaluation included plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical periodontal attachment levels. Caries and missing teeth were recorded. Measures of personal dental hygiene and the frequency of professional dental care were also recorded. Most subjects brushed their teeth at least once per day, but did not floss. Both groups with DS and MR had significantly more missing teeth, more BOP, and higher GI and PI levels than the control group. Patients with DS had more attachment loss (AL) than the other two groups (p < .001). Increased AL in patients with DS was not associated with differences in socioeconomic status, personal/professional dental care, or mental disability.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adult, African Americans, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Dental Care for Disabled, Dental Caries/classification, Dental Devices, Home Care, Dental Plaque Index, Down Syndrome/complications/physiopathology, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification, Humans, Income, Institutionalization, Intellectual Disability/complications/physiopathology, Male, Middle Aged, Oral Hygiene, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification, Periodontal Index, Self Care, Sex Factors, Social Class, Tooth Loss/classification, Toothbrushing, Young Adult
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Khocht,A., Janal,M., Turner,B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Salivary calcium concentration in relation to periodontal health of female tobacco smokers: a pilot study | 2010 | Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. kissendre@stoma.szote | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985)
Periodical, Abbrev.
Quintessence Int.
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
41
Issue
9
Start Page
779
Other Pages
785
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 0342677; SY7Q814VUP (Calcium); ppublish
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1936-7163; 0033-6572
Accession Number
PMID: 20806103
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; D
DOI
19524 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20806103
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the possibility of differences in the calcium concentration of the saliva between smoker and nonsmoker patients with or without periodontitis. METHOD AND MATERIALS: A total of 44 women were enrolled in this study. Exclusion criteria were severe general health problems, the prescription of medication, and fewer than 16 remaining teeth. The study population comprised 24 smokers (4 periodontitis free, 16 with chronic and 4 with aggressive periodontitis; mean age 50.2 years +/- 6.9) and 20 nonsmokers (10 periodontitis free, 9 with chronic and 1 with aggressive periodontitis; mean age 54.7 years +/- 15.6). Clinical parameters (bone loss; plaque, gingival and calculus indices; and pocket depth) were recorded, and stimulated saliva samples were collected. The calcium concentration of each saliva sample was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Statistical analysis was performed with the MANOVA test. RESULTS: The mean salivary calcium level in the smokers (57.76 mug/mL +/- 18.8) was significantly (P < .05) higher than in the nonsmokers (44.6 mug/mL +/- 7.8). Periodontal examination revealed significantly greater bone loss, a deeper mean probing depth, and a higher amount of calculus (P < .05) among the smokers. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the smokers and the nonsmokers as concerns the plaque and bleeding indices. CONCLUSIONS: Within their limits, the present findings seem to indicate that patients with periodontitis who smoke exhibit higher salivary calcium levels than those in nonsmokers. However, the clinical significance of these findings remains to be determined in large-scale controlled studies.
Descriptors
Adult, Aged, Aggressive Periodontitis/classification/metabolism, Alveolar Bone Loss/classification, Calcium/analysis, Chronic Periodontitis/classification/metabolism, Dental Calculus/classification, Dental Plaque Index, Female, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification, Humans, Middle Aged, Oral Hygiene Index, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/classification, Pilot Projects, Saliva/chemistry, Smoking/metabolism, Spectrophotometry, Atomic
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Kiss,E., Sewon,L., Gorzo,I., Nagy,K.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
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