Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year | Author Sort descending | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Level of cigarette consumption and quit behavior in a population of low-intensity smokers--longitudinal results from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) survey in Mexico | 2013 | Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 800 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, United States. swayampa@sc.edu | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addictive Behaviors
Periodical, Abbrev.
Addict.Behav.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
38
Issue
4
Start Page
1958
Other Pages
1965
Notes
LR: 20150219; CI: Copyright (c) 2012; GR: K07 CA139114/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P01 CA138389/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P01 CA138389/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7603486; NIHMS429649; OID: NLM: NIHMS429649; OID: NLM: PMC3579525; 2011
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1873-6327; 0306-4603
Accession Number
PMID: 23380491
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.12.007 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23380491
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mexican smokers are more likely to be non-daily smokers and to consume fewer cigarettes per day than smokers in other countries. Little is known about their quit behaviors. AIM: The aim of this study is to determine factors associated with having made a quit attempt and being successfully quit at 14-month follow-up in a population-based cohort of adult Mexicans who smoke at different levels of intensity. DESIGN: A longitudinal analysis of wave-III and wave-IV (2010) Mexican administration of International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project was conducted. SETTING: This study was conducted in six large urban centers in Mexico PARTICIPANTS: The participants of this study comprised 1206 adults who were current smokers at wave-III and who were followed to wave-IV. MEASUREMENTS: We compared three groups of smokers: non-daily smokers-who did not smoke every day in the past 30 days (n=398), daily light smokers who smoked every day at a rate of 5 cigarettes per day (n=434). Data on smoking behavior, psychosocial characteristics and socio-demographics were collected at baseline and after 14 months. FINDINGS: In multivariate logistic regression predicting having made a quit attempt at follow-up, significant factors included being a non-daily smoker versus a heavy daily smoker (ORadj=1.83, 95% CI: 1.19-2.83), less perceived addiction (ORadj=1.86, 95% CI: 1.20-2.87), greater worry that cigarettes will damage health (ORadj=2.04, 95% CI: 1.16-3.61) and having made a quit attempt in the past year at baseline (ORadj=1.70, 95% CI: 1.23-2.36). In multivariate logistic regression predicting being successfully quit at one-year follow-up, significant factors included being a non-daily smoker versus a heavy daily smoker (ORadj=2.54, 95% CI: 1.37-4.70) and less perceived addiction (not addicted: ORadj=3.26, 95% CI: 1.73-6.14; not much: ORadj=1.95, 95% CI: 1.05-3.62 versus very much). CONCLUSIONS: Mexican adult smokers who are non-daily smokers were more likely than daily heavy smokers to have attempted to quit during follow-up and to succeed in their quit attempt. Future research should determine whether tobacco control policies and programs potentiate this tendency and which interventions are needed to help heavier smokers to quit.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Swayampakala,K., Thrasher,J., Carpenter,M.J., Shigematsu,L.M., Cupertio,A.P., Berg,C.J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20121216
PMCID
PMC3579525
Editors
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| Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets Bonded to Enamel Prepared By Er:YAG Laser and Conventional Acid-Etching | 2012 | Assisstant Professor, Department of Orthodontic, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of dentistry (Tehran, Iran)
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Dent.(Tehran)
Pub Date Free Form
Winter
Volume
9
Issue
1
Start Page
20
Other Pages
26
Notes
LR: 20130530; JID: 101233680; OID: NLM: PMC3422059; OTO: NOTNLM; 2011/12/03 [received]; 2012/01/21 [accepted]; 2012/03/31 [epublish]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Iran
ISSN/ISBN
2008-2185; 1735-2150
Accession Number
PMID: 22924098
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22924098
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel prepared by Er:YAG laser with two different powers and conventional acid-etching. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five human premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were randomly assigned to three groups based on conditioning method: Group 1- conventional etching with 37% phosphoric acid; Group 2- irradiation with Er:YAG laser at 1 W; and Group 3- irradiation with Er:YAG laser at 1.5 W. Metal brackets were bonded on prepared enamel using a light-cured composite. All groups were subjected to thermocycling process. Then, the specimens mounted in auto-cure acryle and shear bond strength were measured using a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm per second. After debonding, the amount of resin remaining on the teeth was determined using the adhesive remnant index (ARI) scored 1 to 5. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare shear bond strengths and the Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to evaluate differences in the ARI for different etching types. RESULTS: The mean and standard deviation of conventional acid-etch group, 1W laser group and 1.5W laser group was 3.82 +/- 1.16, 6.97 +/- 3.64 and 6.93 +/- 4.87, respectively. CONCLUSION: The mean SBS obtained with an Er:YAG laser operated at 1W or 1.5W is approximately similar to that of conventional etching. However, the high variability of values in bond strength of irradiated enamel should be considered to find the appropriate parameters for applying Er:YAG laser as a favorable alternative for surface conditioning.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Hosseini,M.H., Namvar,F., Chalipa,J., Saber,K., Chiniforush,N., Sarmadi,S., Mirhashemi,A.H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20120331
PMCID
PMC3422059
Editors
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| A web-based psychoeducational program for informal caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease: a pilot randomized controlled trial | 2015 | Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Gerontology, Hopital Broca, Paris, France. victoria.cristancho@gmail.com. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of medical Internet research
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Med.Internet Res.
Pub Date Free Form
12-May
Volume
17
Issue
5
Start Page
e117
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20150703; ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01430286; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC4468784; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/07/31 [received]; 2014/11/23 [accepted]; 2014/10/24 [revised]; epublish
Place of Publication
Canada
ISSN/ISBN
1438-8871; 1438-8871
Accession Number
PMID: 25967983
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; IM
DOI
10.2196/jmir.3717 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25967983
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although several face-to-face programs are dedicated to informal caregivers of persons with dementia, they are not always accessible to overburdened or isolated caregivers. Based on a face-to-face intervention program, we adapted and designed a Web-based fully automated psychoeducational program (called Diapason) inspired by a cognitive approach. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate through a pilot unblinded randomized controlled trial the efficacy and acceptability of a Web-based psychoeducational program for informal caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease (PWAD) based on a mixed methods research design. METHODS: We recruited and randomized offline 49 informal caregivers of a PWAD in a day care center in Paris, France. They either received the Web-based intervention and usual care for 3 months (experimental group, n=25) or only usual care (control group, n=24). Caregivers' perceived stress (PSS-14, primary outcome), self-efficacy, burden, perceived health status, and depression (secondary outcomes) were measured during 3 face-to-face on-site visits: at baseline, at the end of the program (month 3), and after follow-up (month 6). Additionally, semistructured interviews were conducted with experimental group caregivers at month 6 and examined with thematic analysis. RESULTS: Intention-to-treat analysis did not show significant differences in self-perceived stress between the experimental and control groups (P=.98). The experimental group significantly improved their knowledge of the illness (d=.79, P=.008) from baseline to month 3. Of the 25 participants allocated to the experimental group, 17 (71%) finished the protocol and entirely viewed at least 10 of 12 online sessions. On average, participants used the website 19.72 times (SD 12.88) and were connected for 262.20 minutes (SD 270.74). The results of the satisfaction questionnaire showed that most participants considered the program to be useful (95%, 19/20), clear (100%, 20/20), and comprehensive (85%, 17/20). Significant correlations were found between relationship and caregivers' program opinion (P=.01). Thus, positive opinions were provided by husbands and sons (3/3), whereas qualified opinions were primarily reported by daughters (8/11). Female spouses expressed negative (2/3) or neutral opinions (1/3). Caregivers expected more dynamic content and further interaction with staff and peers. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, quantitative results were inconclusive owing to small sample size. Qualitative results indicated/showed little acceptance of the program and high expectations from caregivers. Caregivers did not rule out their interest in this kind of intervention provided that it met their needs. More dynamic, personalized, and social interventions are desirable. Our recruitment issues pointed out the necessity of in-depth studies about caregivers' help-seeking behaviors and readiness factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01430286; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01430286 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation/6KxHaRspL).
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cristancho-Lacroix,V., Wrobel,J., Cantegreil-Kallen,I., Dub,T., Rouquette,A., Rigaud,A.S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150512
PMCID
PMC4468784
Editors
|
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| Tobacco smoke exposure and impact of smoking legislation on rural and non-rural hospitality venues in North Dakota | 2015 | Assistant Professor of Nursing Executive Director, Healthy Communities International, North Dakota State University, School of Nursing, Department 2670, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050.; University of New Mexico College of Nursing, Albuquerque, NM.; De | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Research in nursing & health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Res.Nurs.Health
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
38
Issue
4
Start Page
268
Other Pages
277
Notes
CI: (c) 2015; JID: 7806136; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/04/02 [accepted]; 2015/05/11 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1098-240X; 0160-6891
Accession Number
PMID: 25962373
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM; N
DOI
10.1002/nur.21662 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25962373
Abstract
The purpose of this cross-sectional study in a stratified random sample of 135 bars and restaurants in North Dakota was to describe factors that influenced tobacco smoke pollution levels in the venues; to compare the quantity of tobacco smoke pollution by rurality and by presence of local ordinances; and to assess compliance with state and local laws. In data collection in 2012, we measured the indoor air quality indicator of particulate matter (2.5 microns aerodynamic diameter or smaller), calculated average smoking density and occupant density, and determined compliance with state and local smoking ordinances using observational methods. As rurality increased, tobacco smoke pollution in bars increased. A significant association was found between stringency of local laws and level of tobacco smoke pollution, but the strength of the association varied by venue type. Compliance was significantly lower in venues in communities without local ordinances. Controlling for venue type, 69.2% of smoke-free policy's impact on tobacco smoke pollution levels was mediated by observed smoking. This study advances scientific knowledge on the factors influencing tobacco smoke pollution and informs public health advocates and decision makers on policy needs, especially in rural areas.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Data Source
Authors
Buettner-Schmidt,K., Lobo,M.L., Travers,M.J., Boursaw,B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150511
PMCID
Editors
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| Oral cancer in young Jordanians: potential association with frequency of narghile smoking | 2014 | Assistant Professor, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address: suhail_amad@hotmail.com.; Associate Professor, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; Di | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Oral Surg.Oral Med.Oral Pathol.Oral Radiol.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
118
Issue
5
Start Page
560
Other Pages
565
Notes
LR: 20151116; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 101576782; CIN: J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2015 Sep;15(3):126-7. PMID: 26337585; 2014/05/11 [received]; 2014/07/14 [revised]; 2014/08/03 [accepted]; 2014/08/14 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
2212-4411
Accession Number
PMID: 25442492
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.oooo.2014.08.002 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25442492
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between narghile (water-pipe) smoking and the age of patients when diagnosed with oral cancer. STUDY DESIGN: Patients with oral cancer registered in the Jordanian National Cancer Registry were asked about frequency of cigarette, narghile, and alcohol use. Relationship between age at diagnosis and risk factors was assessed using multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: In this sample, 66% of patients were cigarette smokers, and 36% and 17% were narghile smokers and alcohol drinkers, respectively. The multivariate regression analysis adjusted for sex, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking found that narghile smokers were significantly younger when diagnosed with oral cancer compared with nonsmokers. CONCLUSIONS: Narghile smoking is an independent risk factor associated with the development of oral cancer at a younger age. Prospective studies of its effect on the earlier development of oral cancer are needed to establish a cause-effect relationship.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Al-Amad,S.H., Awad,M.A., Nimri,O.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140814
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Development and Psychometric Properties of Risk and Protective Factors of Substance Use Scale in Iran: An Application of Social Development Model | 2015 | Assistant Professor, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; PhD Candidate, Community Based Participatory Research Center, Iranian Institute for Reduc | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addiction & health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Addict.Health.
Pub Date Free Form
Summer-Autumn
Volume
7
Issue
4-Mar
Start Page
117
Other Pages
129
Notes
LR: 20160219; JID: 101582275; OID: NLM: PMC4741232; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish
Place of Publication
Iran
ISSN/ISBN
2008-4633; 2008-4633
Accession Number
PMID: 26885348
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26885348
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Substance use is a growing public health problem among adolescents. In the lack of a valid and reliable instrument based on social development model (SDM), this study aimed to develop risk and protective factors of substance use scale based on SDM to determine risk and protective factors influencing substance use among adolescents. METHODS: A total of 235 male students from 9th and 10th grade (14-18 years old) of public high schools in Kerman, Iran, selected through multistage cluster sampling. Items pool extracted from the literature and focus groups with male adolescents. Face validity of the questionnaire assessed for readability and clarity of items. Then, an expert panel evaluated the items for content validity. Consequently, construct validity of questionnaire confirmed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Known group validity is determined by the degree to which the instrument shows different scores between two groups of those who had an experience in drug use and those who did not have such an experience. In addition, reliability assessed via internal consistency and test-retest. FINDINGS: About 10 factor solution (containing 38 items) emerged as a result of EFA entitled adolescent's "beliefs on hookah and alcohol," "bonding to parents," "family rules on substance use," "drug resistance skills," "adolescent's beliefs on hard drugs," "situational perception on hookah and alcohol," "rules of school," "situational perception on hard drugs," "attachment to school," and "perceived opportunity at school." The first four emerged factors explained 46% of the total variance observed. Among these factors, adolescent's beliefs on hookah and alcohol explained a more than 25.3% of the total variance. Results indicated satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach cents alpha ranging from 0.71 to 0.85) and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) (ranging from 0.48 to 0.81). CONCLUSION: The risk and protective factors of substance use questionnaire are the first instrument based on the SDM. The findings showed that this questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing determinants of substance use which can be used by researchers and policymakers in preventive initiatives.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Iranpour,A., Jamshidi,E., Nakhaee,N., Haghdoost,A.A., Shojaeizadeh,D., Eftekhar-Ardabili,M., Eftekhar-Ardabili Mph,H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC4741232
Editors
|
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| Periodontal Health Condition and Associated Factors among University Students, Yemen | 2015 | Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University , Sana'a, Yemen; Department of Pedodontics, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi .; Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Me | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Clin.Diagn.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
9
Issue
12
Start Page
ZC30
Other Pages
3
Notes
LR: 20160202; JID: 101488993; OID: NLM: PMC4717690; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/08/23 [received]; 2015/10/23 [accepted]; 2015/12/01 [epublish]; ppublish
Place of Publication
India
ISSN/ISBN
2249-782X; 0973-709X
Accession Number
PMID: 26813290
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.7860/JCDR/2015/16435.6964 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26813290
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Studies on oral health status among Yemeni population are scarce. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the periodontal health among advantaged section of Yemeni society, university students, in health and non-health fields. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Periodontal health status of a sample of 360 students from dental, medical and literature faculties (120 each with equal gender distribution) at Sana'a University was evaluated by two calibrated examiners using CPI index. Data regarding tooth-brushing practices and smoking and khat chewing habits were obtained using a structured interview questionnaire. RESULTS: Only 45 students (12.5%) had healthy periodontium, while 113 (31.4%), 186 (51.7%) and 16 (4.4%) had bleeding, calculus and shallow pocket, respectively, with no significant differences between faculties. Females revealed significantly better periodontal health compared to males, though their bleeding score was higher. Dental and medical students and female students in general were significantly more interested in tooth-brushing and significantly less interested in practicing the deleterious habits such as smoking and khat chewing. CONCLUSION: The overall periodontal health of Sana'a University students is still unsatisfactory even among students in health field. Females and students in health field revealed better periodontal health and oral health practices (tooth-brushing) in comparison to male students and those in non-health field. The negative effects of the highly prevalent smoking and khat chewing habits deserve further reliable researches and proper educational programs at the national level.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Dhaifullah,E., Al-Maweri,S.A., Al-Motareb,F., Halboub,E., Elkhatat,E., Baroudi,K., Tarakji,B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20151201
PMCID
PMC4717690
Editors
|
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| Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Prevalence and Associated Factors in the Southeast of Iran | 2017 | Assistant Professor, HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.; Senior Researcher, Modeling in Health Re(TRUNCATED | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addiction & health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Addict.Health.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
9
Issue
2
Start Page
72
Other Pages
80
Notes
LR: 20181113; JID: 101582275; OTO: NOTNLM; 2018/01/05 06:00 [entrez]; 2018/01/05 06:00 [pubmed]; 2018/01/05 06:01 [medline]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Iran
ISSN/ISBN
2008-4633; 2008-4633
Accession Number
PMID: 29299209
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29299209
Abstract
Background: Waterpipe smoking is a growing public health threat worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess waterpipe smoking prevalence and its associated factors among Iranian adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kerman, Iran, recruiting 1090 adult participants using multistage sampling in 2016. A self-reported researcher-designed questionnaire was used. The socio-demographic characteristics and waterpipe smoking behaviors such as pattern, duration, and the most common place of waterpipe use, the type of tobacco, and the concurrent use of alcohol and substances were assessed. Data analyses were performed using chi-square, independent t-test, and multiple logistic regression. Findings: The prevalence of ever, current and daily waterpipe smoking were 43.8%, 28.8%, and 7.2%, respectively. Men initiated to use waterpipe in more early ages than women (P
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Danaei,M., Jabbarinejad-Kermani,A., Mohebbi,E., Momeni,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC5742413
Editors
|
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| Comparison of Cotinine Salivary Levels in Hookah Smokers, Passive Smokers, and Non-Smokers | 2015 | Assistant Professor, Oral and Dental Disaese Research Center AND Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciencse, Zahedan, Iran.; Associate Professor, Oral and Dental Research Center AND Department of Oral Medicine | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addiction & health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Addict.Health.
Pub Date Free Form
Summer-Autumn
Volume
7
Issue
4-Mar
Start Page
184
Other Pages
191
Notes
LR: 20160219; JID: 101582275; OID: NLM: PMC4741239; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish
Place of Publication
Iran
ISSN/ISBN
2008-4633; 2008-4633
Accession Number
PMID: 26885355
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26885355
Abstract
BACKGROUND: At present smoking is considered a great health-related problem. Smoking cigarettes and use of tobacco are on the rise in the Middle East countries; therefore, the number of people exposed to passive cigarette smoke is increasing, too. The aim of the present study was to determine and compare salivary cotinine levels in hookah smokers, individuals exposed to passive cigarette smoke and non-smoker (passive smokers). METHODS: In the present cross-sectional study, unstimulated salivary samples were collected from 150 subjects, including 50 hookah smokers, 50 passive smokers, and 50 non-smokers. Bioassay Technology Laboratory cotinine kit was used to determine salivary levels of cotinine using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique at a sensitivity rate of 0.019 pg/ml. Data were analyzed with SPSS software using t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. FINDINGS: The highest salivary cotinine levels were recorded in hookah users (20.24 +/- 5.62 ng/ml), followed by passive smokers (16.09 +/- 3.51 ng/ml), in descending order. No detectable cotinine levels were observed in non-smokers. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a strong and positive correlation between use of hookah and salivary cotinine levels (r = 0.932, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the present study, salivary cotinine levels were higher in hookah smokers compared with passive smokers and non-smokers, in descending order.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Nosratzehi,T., Arbabi-Kalati,F., Alijani,E., Tajdari,H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC4741239
Editors
|
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| A Systematic Review of Effects of Waterpipe Smoking on Cardiovascular and Respiratory Health Outcomes | 2016 | Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.; Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.; Professor and Schmidt Family Foundation Distinguished Professor, | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco use insights
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob Use Insights
Pub Date Free Form
5-Jul
Volume
9
Issue
Start Page
13
Other Pages
28
Notes
LR: 20160713; JID: 101608659; OID: NLM: PMC4934173; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016 [ecollection]; 2016/04/05 [received]; 2016/06/01 [revised]; 2016/06/03 [accepted]; 2016/07/05 [epublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
New Zealand
ISSN/ISBN
1179-173X; 1179-173X
Accession Number
PMID: 27398028
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Review
DOI
10.4137/TUI.S39873 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27398028
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Waterpipe smoking (WPS) is a social custom common in many Middle Eastern, North African, and Asian countries and has become increasingly popular in the US, especially among youth; however, WPS smoking may be increasing in the US adult population as well. There is a common belief among waterpipe (WP) smokers that WPS is less harmful than smoking cigarettes. Thus, this review aims to systematically explore the literature on the effects of WP tobacco smoking with a particular focus on cardiovascular and respiratory health outcomes as well as on oxidative stress, immunity, and cell cycle interference health outcomes. METHODOLOGY: We conducted a systematic review, guided by the criteria of The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, using the following online databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, PMC, and Cochrane Library. Results were summarized qualitatively. RESULTS: Forty studies met the inclusion criteria established for this review. Based on the existing evidence, several cardiovascular and respiratory physiologic health indicators and conditions have been shown to be negatively affected by WPS. In addition to the effects of nicotine and chemical toxicant exposures, WPS was significantly associated with an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and lower pulmonary function test results, as well as a number of health conditions such as lung cancer, alterations in oxidative stress, immunity, and cell cycle interference. CONCLUSION: The current literature provides evidence that WPS is associated with a number of negative health indicators and outcomes. There is need for more research related to WPS and its effects on health so that appropriate campaigns and prevention interventions can be implemented to control the epidemic increase of WPS in the US.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Haddad,L., Kelly,D.L., Weglicki,L.S., Barnett,T.E., Ferrell,A.V., Ghadban,R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160705
PMCID
PMC4934173
Editors
|
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