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Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Prevalence, knowledge, and practices of hookah smoking among university students, Florida, 2012	2014	University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.; University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.; University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.; University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.; 13201 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC 56, Tampa, FL 33612. E-mail: jcorvin1@he	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Preventing chronic disease Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Chronic Dis. Pub Date Free Form 4-Dec Volume 11 Issue Start Page E214 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160317; JID: 101205018; OID: NLM: PMC4264467; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-1151; 1545-1151 Accession Number PMID: 25474386 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.5888/pcd11.140099 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25474386 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Although hookah smoking is becoming a source of tobacco use among college students in the United States, little is known of the students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding hookah use. This cross-sectional study was aimed at determining the prevalence of hookah use and describing social and behavioral factors associated with hookah smoking among university students in a large urban university in Florida. METHODS: A convenience sample of 478 undergraduate and graduate students was recruited. Lifetime use and current use was evaluated. Logistic regression modeling was used to assess the independent association between study covariates and hookah use. RESULTS: Prevalence among students of having ever used hookah during their lifetime was 54.4%. Hookah use within the past 30 days was 16.3%. Hookah use was significantly associated with cigarette smoking (odds ratio [OR], 4.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.13-9.60) and hookah ownership (OR, 10.67; 95% CI, 4.83-23.66) but not with alcohol use (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 0.74-4.04). Findings also suggest hookah is perceived as a safer alternative to cigarette smoking. Almost 30% of those who never smoked hookah reported they would consider smoking hookah in the future. CONCLUSION: Hookah smoking is popular among college students. Misperceptions associated with hookah use indicate a starting point for developing health behavior change interventions. Future studies should investigate social and behavioral determinants of hookah use and determine the incidence of hookah use among college and high school students. Tobacco control activities should include prevention of hookah tobacco use in university settings. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Rahman,S., Chang,L., Hadgu,S., Salinas-Miranda,A.A., Corvin,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141204 PMCID PMC4264467 Editors
The diagnosis and management of Barrett's esophagus	1999	University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Advances in Surgery Periodical, Abbrev. Adv.Surg. Pub Date Free Form Volume 33 Issue Start Page 29 Other Pages 68 Notes LR: 20091111; JID: 0045335; RF: 93; ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN 0065-3411; 0065-3411 Accession Number PMID: 10572561 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 10572561 Abstract Since its description in the 1950s, the definition of Barrett's esophagus has evolved from the macroscopic visualization of gastric-appearing mucosa in the esophagus to the histologic identification of goblet cells confirming the presence of intestinal metaplasia within the esophagus. The length of intestinal metaplasia necessary to be classified as Barrett's, and the relationship between intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus and that limited to the cardia are all areas currently being evaluated. However, any segment of intestinal metaplasia is capable of undergoing dysplastic change and ultimately of becoming a focus of adenocarcinoma. It is logical to expect the degree of risk for developing cancer to be proportional to the amount of intestinal metaplasia present; however, within a population, the low risk to any individual is balanced by the relative frequency of the process. Thus, given the large numbers of people in America with CIM, even a small risk of progression to cancer will result in a large number of patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia. This is exactly what is occurring today, with the incidence of adenocarcinoma of the cardia and esophagus currently rising faster than any other cancer in the United States. A major risk factor for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is intestinal metaplasia, which occurs as a consequence of GERD. Patients with Barrett's esophagus usually have more severe reflux disease with significant impairment of LES function and esophageal body motility compared with patients without Barrett's. Furthermore, in patients with Barrett's, the composition of the refluxed juice is different. Patients who reflux both gastric and duodenal juice have a higher prevalence of Barrett's than do those who reflux gastric juice alone. Among patients with Barrett's, a significantly greater esophageal bilirubin exposure has been demonstrated in those with dysplasia. The mechanically defective sphincter and impaired esophageal body function in many patients with Barrett's makes their disease difficult to control medically. In addition, symptoms are unreliable as a guide to successful control of reflux. The hardest symptom to control is regurgitation, and there is concern that this and continued reflux of pharmacologically altered gastric contents, particularly bile acids in their nonpolar form, may contribute to progression of Barrett's. Both medical therapy and failed antireflux surgery are associated with progression of Barrett's to dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. On the other hand, a functioning fundoplication seems to be associated with protection from progression of Barrett's. Intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus is unlikely to regress after antireflux surgery; however, intestinal metaplasia limited to the cardia is perhaps more dynamic and able to regress. Furthermore, low-grade dysplasia frequently regresses after an antireflux procedure. Antireflux surgery is safe, effective, and durable, and often can be performed using minimally invasive techniques. Thus, antireflux surgery should be strongly considered in any patient with intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus or cardia. The possibility of mucosal ablation after an antireflux repair should be considered in patients with low-grade dysplasia. Patients with Barrett's and high-grade dysplasia are at high risk for having a focus of adenocarcinoma present. Even with multiple biopsies, a degree of sampling error exists. Also, adenocarcinoma can develop within the space of several months; and if the cancer is allowed to invade into the submucosa, 50% of these patients will have lymphatic metastases, thereby negating the purpose of surveillance. Although patients with high-grade dysplasia and intramucosal adenocarcinoma on biopsy who do not have an endoscopically visible lesion are unlikely to have lymphatic metastases, 7% do have submucosal invasion. Thus, even in these very early tumors, treatment directed Descriptors Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis/pathology/surgery, Barrett Esophagus/diagnosis/pathology/surgery, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology, Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology/surgery, Esophagus/pathology/surgery, Humans, Precancerous Conditions/diagnosis/pathology/surgery, Prognosis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors DeMeester,S. R., DeMeester,T. R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Adolescent to emerging adulthood smoking trajectories: when do smoking trajectories diverge, and do they predict early adulthood nicotine dependence?	2007	University of Southern California, Alhambra, CA, USA. nriggs@usc.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 9 Issue 11 Start Page 1147 Other Pages 1154 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: CA09492/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: DA10366-06-A1/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1462-2203; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 17978988 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 783690551 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 17978988 Abstract This study evaluated the adolescent tobacco-use trajectories that predict nicotine dependence in early adulthood and when these trajectories start to diverge. As part of a follow-up to a large prevention trial, the present study evaluated 1,017 individuals from early adolescence (age 12) to early adulthood (age 28). Participants were recruited from eight middle schools in Kansas City, Missouri. Students were entering 6th grade or 7th grade at baseline. Smoking was evaluated at baseline, 6 months, at annual follow-ups through high school, and every 18 months thereafter until age 28. The study goals were to determine (a) whether distinct weekly tobacco-use trajectories could be identified between early adolescence and emerging adulthood (ages 12-24); (b) when during development these trajectories diverged; and (c) which trajectories could predict nicotine dependence in early adulthood (ages 26-28). A four-trajectory mixed model (abstainers, low users, late stable users, and early stable users) demonstrated the best fit to the data. Membership in increasingly high-use trajectories placed participants at greater relative risk for becoming nicotine dependent than did membership in lower-use trajectories. General linear models showed greater weekly cigarette consumption for early stable users as early as the first wave of data collection (age 12) and significant differences among all other trajectories by age 15. The findings support the implementation of smoking prevention programs early in middle or junior high school and suggest that adolescents who are already smoking at least two cigarettes per week by age 12 may benefit from additional addiction prevention efforts. Descriptors Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior/psychology, Adult, Behavior, Addictive/epidemiology/prevention & control, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Behavior, Humans, Linear Models, Male, Missouri/epidemiology, Peer Group, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control, Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology/prevention & control Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Riggs,N. R., Chou,C. P., Li,C., Pentz,M. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
E-cigarette Dual Users, Exclusive Users and Perceptions of Tobacco Products	2016	University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX, USA.; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX, USA.; University of	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Health Behavior Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Health Behav. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 40 Issue 1 Start Page 108 Other Pages 116 Notes LR: 20160518; GR: 1 P50 CA180906-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 CA180906/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9602338; NIHMS785757; OID: NLM: NIHMS785757 [Available on 01/01/17]; OID: NLM: PMC4869518 [Available on 01/01/17]; PMCR: 2017/01/01 00:00 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1945-7359; 1087-3244 Accession Number PMID: 26685819 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.5993/AJHB.40.1.12 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26685819 Abstract OBJECTIVES: We examined differences in the characteristics of youth non-users, cigarette-only, e-cigarette-only, and dual e-cigarette and cigarette users. METHODS: Using weighted, representative data, logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine differences in demographic characteristics and tobacco use behaviors across tobacco usage groups. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine differences in harm perceptions of various tobacco products and perceived peer use of e-cigarettes by tobacco usage group. RESULTS: Compared to non-users, dual users were more likely to be white, male, and high school students. Dual users had significantly higher prevalence of current use of all products (except hookah) than e-cigarette-only users, and higher prevalence of current use of snus and hookah than the cigarette-only group. Dual users had significantly lower harm perceptions for all tobacco products except for e-cigarettes and hookah as compared to e-cigarette-only users. Dual users reported higher peer use of cigarettes as compared to both exclusive user groups. CONCLUSION: Findings highlight dual users' higher prevalence of use of most other tobacco products, their lower harm perceptions of most tobacco products compared to e-cigarette-only users, and their higher perceived peer use of cigarettes compared to exclusive users. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Cooper,M., Case,K.R., Loukas,A., Creamer,M.R., Perry,C.L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4869518 Editors
Predicting quit attempts among homeless smokers seeking cessation treatment: an ecological momentary assessment study	2014	University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health, Dallas, TX; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; michael.businelle@utsouthwestern.edu.; University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health, Dallas, T	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 16 Issue 10 Start Page 1371 Other Pages 1378 Notes LR: 20151001; CI: (c) The Author 2014; GR: CA016672/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30 CA016672/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: UL1 TR001105/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; OID: NLM: PMC4207873; 2014/06/03 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24893602 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu088 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24893602 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Homeless adults are more likely to smoke tobacco and are less likely to successfully quit smoking than smokers in the general population, despite comparable numbers of cessation attempts and desire to quit. To date, studies that have examined smoking cessation in homeless samples have used traditional lab/clinic-based assessment methodologies. Real-time assessment of key variables may provide new insights into the process of quitting among homeless smokers. METHODS: The purpose of the current study was to identify predictors of a quit attempt using real-time assessment methodology during the 6 days prior to a scheduled quit attempt among homeless adults seeking care at a shelter-based smoking cessation clinic. Parameters for multiple variables (i.e., motivation for quitting, smoking expectancies, quit self-efficacy, smoking urges, negative affect, positive affect, restlessness, hostility, and stress) were calculated and were used as predictors of biochemically verified quit date abstinence (i.e., >/=13hr abstinent) using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Participants (n = 57) were predominantly male (59.6%), non-White (68.4%), and smoked an average of 18 cigarettes per day. A total of 1,132 ecological momentary assessments (83% completion rate) were collected at random times (i.e., up to 4 assessments/day) during the 6 days prior to a scheduled quit attempt. Results indicated that declining (negative slope) negative affect, restlessness, and stress predicted quit date abstinence. Additionally, increasing positive coping expectancies across the prequit week predicted quit date abstinence. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings highlight multiple variables that may be targeted during the precessation period to increase smoking cessation attempts in this difficult to treat population of smokers. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Businelle,M.S., Ma,P., Kendzor,D.E., Reitzel,L.R., Chen,M., Lam,C.Y., Bernstein,I., Wetter,D.W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140603 PMCID PMC4207873 Editors
Tobacco Use Among Arab Immigrants Living in Colorado: Prevalence and Cultural Predictors	2015	University of Texas Health Sciences Center in Houston, TX, USA Dana.g.elhajj@uth.tmc.edu.; University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.; University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.; University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.; University of Col	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society / Transcultural Nursing Society Periodical, Abbrev. J.Transcult.Nurs. Pub Date Free Form 18-Nov Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20151121; CI: (c) The Author(s) 2015; JID: 9001407; OTO: NOTNLM; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1552-7832; 1043-6596 Accession Number PMID: 26586697 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 1043659615617512 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26586697 Abstract PURPOSE: The authors determined the prevalence of smoking among Arab immigrants living in Colorado. The authors also evaluated the relationship between acculturation and tobacco use, including both cigarettes and hookah among Arab immigrants. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey of 100 adult Arab immigrants living in Colorado was carried out. RESULTS: The results revealed that 19% of the study participants were current cigarette smokers and 21% were current hookah smokers. Participants who were more integrated into Arab culture were more likely to use tobacco products (p = .03) and to have family members (p = .02) and friends who use tobacco products (p = .007). CONCLUSIONS: Acculturation plays a major role in affecting the health habits of Arab immigrants living in Colorado, especially in the area of hookah smoking. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Understanding some culturally relevant predictors of tobacco use might assist health care providers in designing successful smoking cessation programs. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors El Hajj,D.G., Cook,P.F., Magilvy,K., Galbraith,M.E., Gilbert,L., Corwin,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151118 PMCID Editors
E-cigarette use among Texas youth: Results from the 2014 Texas Youth Tobacco Survey	2015	University of Texas, School of Public Health, Austin Regional Campus, 1616 Guadalupe, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701, USA. Electronic address: Maria.R.Cooper@uth.tmc.edu.; University of Texas, School of Public Health, Austin Regional Campus, 1616 Guadalupe	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 50 Issue Start Page 173 Other Pages 177 Notes LR: 20150814; CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: 1 P50 CA180906-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 CA180906/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7603486; NIHMS705258; OID: NLM: NIHMS705258 [Available on 11/01/16]; OID: NLM: PMC4533923 [Available on 11/01/16] Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 26151581 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.06.034 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26151581 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Several characteristics of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), such as candy flavorings, are worrisome for attracting youth. The current cross-sectional study uses data on e-cigarette use from the 2014 Texas Youth Tobacco Survey (TYTS), a representative statewide sample of Texas middle school and high school students. This study's aims are to determine the prevalence of e-cigarette use, including rates of concurrent use with other tobacco products among Texas youth and to describe the demographic and tobacco use differences between e-cigarette users and non-users. METHODS: Participants were 13,602 6th through 12th grade students in Texas. Descriptive statistics were generated to determine the prevalence of current and lifetime e-cigarette use and to determine the prevalence of demographic characteristics across e-cigarette usage groups. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine differences in demographic characteristics, cigarette use in the home, and tobacco use behaviors for e-cigarette users versus non-users. RESULTS: Almost one quarter of all middle and high school students reported lifetime e-cigarette use and 14.0% were past 30-day users of these products. Current e-cigarette users were more likely to be high school students, white and male than non-current users. Both current and lifetime e-cigarette users were also more likely than their peers to use other tobacco products, although 24.2% of current e-cigarette users had never smoked conventional cigarettes, and 7.3% had never used any other type of tobacco product besides an e-cigarette. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the urgency to regulate e-cigarettes as well as to include these products in tobacco prevention programs. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Cooper,M., Case,K.R., Loukas,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150624 PMCID PMC4533923 Editors
Longitudinal evaluation of GCF MMP-3 and TIMP-1 levels as prognostic factors for progression of periodontitis	2001	University of the Pacific School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA. talpagot@uop-edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 28 Issue 4 Start Page 353 Other Pages 359 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0425123; 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Protease Inhibitors); 0 (Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1); EC 3.4.24.17 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 3); ppublish Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 0303-6979; 0303-6979 Accession Number PMID: 11314892 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11314892 Abstract BACKGROUND: To determine whether matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) could serve as prognostic factors for the progression of periodontitis, we monitored GCF MMP-3 and TIMP-1 and periodontal status of selected sites in 40 medically healthy subjects over a 6-month period. METHOD: Clinical measurements including gingival index (GI), plaque index, bleeding on probing, suppuration, probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), and GCF samples were taken from 2 healthy sites (including sites with gingival recession, GI=0 PD or =1; PD > or =5 mm; AL > or =3 mm) of each patient at baseline, 3-month and 6-month visits by means of sterile paper strips. GCF levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 were determined by sandwich ELISA assays. RESULTS: The mean amounts of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in diseased sites were significantly higher than in healthy sites (p<0.0001). Significantly higher GCF levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 were found at progressing sites than in nonprogressing periodontitis sites (0.001 or =2 mm loss of attachment during 6- month study period. GCF levels of MMP-3 were highly correlated with clinical measurements taken at baseline, 3-month and 6-month visits (p<0.001). TIMP-1 levels were only moderately correlated with probing depth and attachment level (p<0.01). Step-wise multiple regression analysis was performed to construct models for the prediction of probing depth and attachment loss increases. The most parsimonious regression models which had the best R2 values included the following variables and accounted for the indicated % of variability. The regression model for the prediction of probing depth increase included MMP-3, smoking pack-years, TIMP-1 and accounted for 53% of the variability. The best model for the prediction of attachment loss increase included MMP-3, smoking pack-years, age, TIMP-1 and explained 59% of the variability. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that sites with high GCF levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 are at significantly greater risk for progression of periodontitis. Descriptors Adult, Age Factors, Analysis of Variance, Biomarkers/analysis, Dental Plaque Index, Disease Progression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Forecasting, Gingival Crevicular Fluid/enzymology, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification/enzymology, Gingival Recession/enzymology, Gingivitis/enzymology, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Matrix Metalloproteinase 3/analysis, Middle Aged, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification/enzymology, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/classification/enzymology, Periodontitis/enzymology/physiopathology, Prognosis, Protease Inhibitors/analysis, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Smoking/physiopathology, Suppuration, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Alpagot,T., Bell,C., Lundergan,W., Chambers,D. W., Rudin,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effect of placement agitation and placement time on the shear bond strength of 3 self-etching adhesives	2006	University of the Pacific, Arthur A Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Operative dentistry Periodical, Abbrev. Oper.Dent. Pub Date Free Form Jul-Aug Volume 31 Issue 4 Start Page 426 Other Pages 430 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 7605679; 0 (Acrylic Resins); 0 (AdheSE cement); 0 (Clearfil SE Bond); 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Dentin-Bonding Agents); 0 (Resin Cements); 0 (Xeno III); 0 (Z100 composite resin); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 7631-86-9 (Silicon Dioxide); C6V6S92N3 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0361-7734; 0361-7734 Accession Number PMID: 16924982 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; D DOI 10.2341/05-52 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 16924982 Abstract This study measured the shear bond strength (SBS) of 3 self-etching bonding agents to enamel and dentin with and without agitation at 3 different application times. The null hypotheses tested were that agitation and application time have no effect on bond strength. Occlusal surfaces of 180 recently extracted caries-free human molars were wet ground with 600 grit wet-dry silica carbide abrasive paper to obtain a flat enamel surface. The teeth were divided into 18 groups of 10 teeth. Three self-etching bonding agents, Clearfil SE BOND (Kuraray America), Xeno III (Dentsply) and AdheSE (Ivoclar-Vivadent) were applied using application times of 10, 20 or 30 seconds with or without agitation, thinned with a gentle stream of air and cured for 10 seconds, according to manufacturers' directions. Z100 (3M ESPE) composite, A2 shade, was placed over the cured adhesive and cured for 40 seconds. The samples were stored in distilled water at room temperature until testing. The samples were tested in shear to failure with a 1-mm/minute crosshead speed. After enamel shear bond strength testing, the teeth were again ground with 400 and 600-grit wet-dry SiC paper to obtain a flat dentin surface. The protocol used for preparing the enamel bond test samples was repeated, and the teeth were stored until testing in distilled water at room temperature. The samples were again tested in shear at a 1-mm/minute crosshead speed. Values were converted to MPa and data analyzed for intergroup differences using ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests. Agitation did not improve enamel SBS for any of the materials tested, but there was a significant difference in enamel SBS among materials: Clearfil SE Bond shear bond strength was greater than Xeno III, which was greater than AdheSE. At 10 seconds application time on dentin, agitation improved the Clearfil SE Bond SBS and, at 20 seconds application time on dentin, agitation significantly improved SBS to dentin for all systems tested. Agitation had no affect when the adhesive was applied to dentin for 30 seconds. Clearfil SE Bond SBS to dentin was significantly higher than the other self-etching adhesives tested except at 10 seconds without agitation. Descriptors Acrylic Resins/chemistry, Composite Resins/chemistry, Dental Bonding, Dental Enamel/ultrastructure, Dentin/ultrastructure, Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry, Humans, Kinetics, Materials Testing, Resin Cements/chemistry, Shear Strength, Silicon Dioxide/chemistry, Surface Properties, Temperature, Time Factors, Water/chemistry, Zirconium/chemistry Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Velasquez,L. M., Sergent,R. S., Burgess,J. O., Mercante,D. E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking at home is strongly associated with symptoms of asthma and rhinitis in children of primary school age in Trinidad and Tobago	2004	University of the West Indies, Faculty of Medical Sciences-St. Augustine Campus, Champs Fleurs, Trinidad. mmonteil@tstt.net.tt	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health Periodical, Abbrev. Rev.Panam.Salud Publica Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 16 Issue 3 Start Page 193 Other Pages 198 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9705400; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1020-4989; 1020-4989 Accession Number PMID: 15507187 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI S1020-49892004000900006 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15507187 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To compare, in the twin-island republic of Trinidad and Tobago, the prevalence of symptoms of asthma and rhinitis among children of primary school age who are exposed to household environmental tobacco smoke with the prevalence of these symptoms in their colleagues without this exposure. METHODS: Between September and December 2002, questionnaires based on the instrument developed for the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) were distributed, via the children in their schools, to parents of 6,611 Year 2 pupils (typically 6 years old) or Year 3 pupils (typically 7 years old) in 106 randomly selected schools in Trinidad and Tobago (5,511 pupils on Trinidad and 1,100 pupils on Tobago). We added to the standard ISAAC questionnaires two questions, one on household smoking and one on the ethnicity of the children. RESULTS: A total of 3 170 completed questionnaires were suitable for further analysis (2,618 from Trinidad and 552 from Tobago). On Trinidad 782 of the children (29.9%) lived in homes where one or both parents smoked, and 513 (19.6%) had other relatives in the household who smoked. On Tobago 94 of the pupils (17.0%) had parents who smoked, and 84 (15.4%) came from homes where other residents smoked. Parental smoking was significantly associated with wheezing (odds ratio (OR): 1.43; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.83), exercise-induced wheezing (OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.59-2.82), nocturnal coughing (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.37-1.97), and symptoms of rhinitis (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.10-1.65) in the last 12 months as well as a history of hay fever/sinus problems (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.11-1.74). Smoking in the home by adult residents other than parents was also significantly associated with all of these symptoms as well as a history of asthma (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.13-1.97). In terms of ethnic differences, parental smoking was most prevalent in the homes of South Asian students, while smoking by other adults in the home occurred most commonly in the households of pupils of mixed race. CONCLUSIONS: Even in Trinidad and Tobago, which is a tropical environment where more time is spent outdoors and homes have more open ventilation than in temperate climates, environmental tobacco smoke exposure is closely associated with an increased prevalence of symptoms of asthma and rhinitis in primary-school-aged children. Descriptors Adult, Asthma/epidemiology/etiology, Child, Cough, Ethnic Groups, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Respiratory Sounds, Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/epidemiology/etiology, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/epidemiology/etiology, Sampling Studies, Sinusitis/epidemiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects, Trinidad and Tobago/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Monteil,M. A., Joseph,G., Chang Kit,C., Wheeler,G., Antoine,R. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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