WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Candida spp. in vitro susceptibility profile to four antifungal agents. Resistance surveillance study in Venezuelan strains	2009	Mycology Department, National Institute of Hygiene Rafael Rangel, Caracas, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. mmpanizo@gmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Medical mycology Periodical, Abbrev. Med.Mycol. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 47 Issue 2 Start Page 137 Other Pages 143 Notes LR: 20141120; JID: 9815835; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Azoles); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Triazoles); 304NUG5GF4 (Itraconazole); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 8VZV102JFY (Fluconazole); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole); 2008/06/27 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1369-3786; 1369-3786 Accession Number PMID: 18651308 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1080/13693780802144339 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18651308 Abstract The aim of this study was to determine in vitro susceptibility profiles of Venezuelan strains of Candida spp. to four antifungal agents. One hundred and forty five (145) isolates were recovered during a 1-year period (June 2006 to June 2007) from clinical specimens of patients with severe Candida spp. infections in 15 hospitals. In vitro susceptibilities to amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole were determined by modified Etest. Non Candida albicans Candida spp. were the most frequently isolated yeasts (72.4%) in comparison with C. albicans (27.6%). Candida spp. strains showed MIC ranges between <0.002 and 0.5 mug/ml to amphotericin B. While none were found to be resistant to voriconazole, 5.5% and 27.6% of the test strains were resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole, respectively. C. albicans remains the most susceptible of the yeasts studied to fluconazole and itraconazole (P<0.05) when compared with non C. albicans Candida spp. C. krusei showed the greater cross-resistance to azoles, followed by C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis, while C. albicans isolates did not demonstrate this characteristic. It is very important to carry out the correct species identification of clinical yeast isolates because they show up variations in both distribution and susceptibility profiles according to the hospital, patient's underlying disease, clinical specimen analyzed, and the geographical region in which the studies were conducted. The Mycology Department of the INHRR is the national reference center responsible for antifungal resistance surveillance, performing the susceptibility tests with isolates recovered from hospitalized patients in public health centres which do not have mycological diagnosis laboratories. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Amphotericin B/pharmacology, Antifungal Agents/pharmacology, Azoles/pharmacology, Candida/classification/drug effects/isolation & purification, Candida albicans/drug effects/isolation & purification, Candidiasis/epidemiology/microbiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug Resistance, Fungal, Female, Fluconazole/pharmacology, Humans, Infant, Itraconazole/pharmacology, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Population Surveillance/methods, Pyrimidines/pharmacology, Triazoles/pharmacology, Venezuela/epidemiology, Voriconazole, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Panizo,M. M., Reviakina,V., Dolande,M., Selgrad,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080627 PMCID Editors
Hemolytic properties of some Aeromonas strains.	1992	Nacescu, N., Cantacuzino Institute, Vibrio Laboratory, Bucharest, Romania.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Roumanian archives of microbiology and immunology Periodical, Abbrev. Roum.Arch.Microbiol.Immunol. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 51 Issue 3 Start Page 147 Other Pages 156 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1222-3891 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Considering the possible correlation between hemolytic and enterotoxigenic properties of Aeromonas strains mentioned in the literature, in the present work we studied the practical value of the hemolysis tests in the diagnosis of Aeromonas strains by using comparatively the hemolysis tube tests (with goat and sheep erythrocytes suspensions) as well as the technique on blood agar in aerobic conditions. There were studied comparatively 230 Aeromonas strains (different species: A. hydrophila, A. sobriae, A. caviae, A. veronii, A. salmonicida) isolated from different sources (meat products, fish of fresh waters, mussels, sea water, pipe water, diarrhoeal disease and animal faeces). The comparison among the used tests for proving the hemolytic activity of Aeromonas strains showed that: 61.89% and 56.51% from the total number of Aeromonas strains were hemolytic in the tube tests with 1% goat and 1% sheep erythrocytes suspensions respectively after 48 hrs followed by 51.72% and 48.25% strains by the 5% goat and 5% sheep blood agar plates respectively in anaerobiosis and after 48 hrs incubation at 37 degrees C. The highest incidence of hemolysin presence was pointed out in motile Aeromonas strains (A. hydrophila--60.11% and A. sobria--56.52%). Our results showing a high frequency of hemolytic activity among Aeromonas strains isolated especially in meat products are suggesting a possible correlation between the pathogenic potential and the hemolytic activity and are pleading for introduction of this test in the diagnosis of Aeromonas species. Descriptors aerobic metabolism, Aeromonas, anaerobic growth, animal, article, comparative study, goat, hemolysis, isolation and purification, pathogenicity, sheep, time, Vibrio cholerae Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Nacescu,N., Israil,A., Cedru,C., Caplan,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Is drinking water a major route of human exposure to alkylphenol and bisphenol contaminants in France?	2014	Nancy Laboratory for Hydrology, Water Chemistry Department, Agence Nationale de Securite Sanitaire (ANSeS), 40 Rue Lionnois, 54 000, Nancy, France.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Periodical, Abbrev. Arch.Environ.Contam.Toxicol. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 66 Issue 1 Start Page 86 Other Pages 99 Notes JID: 0357245; 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Drinking Water); 0 (Phenols); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); MLT3645I99 (bisphenol A); 2013/03/29 [received]; 2013/07/15 [accepted]; 2013/08/07 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1432-0703; 0090-4341 Accession Number PMID: 23921451 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1007/s00244-013-9942-0 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23921451 Abstract The main objective of this study was to evaluate potential exposure of a significant part of the French population to alkylphenol and bisphenol contaminants due to water consumption. The occurrence of 11 alkylphenols and bisphenols was studied in raw water and treated water samples from public water systems. One sampling campaign was performed from October 2011 to May 2012. Sampling was equally distributed across 100 French departments. In total, 291 raw water samples and 291 treated water samples were analyzed in this study, representing approximately 20 % of the national water supply flow. The occurrence of the target compounds was also determined for 29 brands of bottled water (polyethylene terephthalate [PET] bottles, polycarbonate [PC] reusable containers, and aluminum cans [ACs]) and in 5 drinking water networks where epoxy resin has been used as coating for pipes. In raw water samples, the highest individual concentration was 1,430 ng/L for bisphenol A (BPA). Of the investigated compounds, nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol 1-carboxylic acid (NP1EC), BPA, and nonylphenol 2-ethoxylate (NP2EO) predominated (detected in 18.6, 18.6, 14.4, and 10 % of samples, respectively). Geographical variability was observed with departments crossed by major rivers or with high population densities being more affected by contamination. In treated water samples, the highest individual concentration was 505 ng/L for NP. Compared with raw water, target compounds were found in lower amounts in treated water. This difference suggests a relative effectiveness of certain water treatments for the elimination of these pollutants; however, there is also their possible transformation by reaction with chlorine. No target compounds were found in drinking water pipes coated with epoxy resin, in PET bottled water, or in water from ACs. However, levels of BPA in PC bottled water ranged from 70 to 4,210 ng/L with greater level observed in newly manufactured bottles. 4-Tert-butylphenol was only detected in recently manufactured bottles. The values observed for the monitored compounds indicate that drinking water is most likely not the main source of exposure. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Colin,A., Bach,C., Rosin,C., Munoz,J.F., Dauchy,X. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130807 PMCID Editors
Temporal Change of Alcian Blue-Stained Primo Vascular System in Lymph Vessels of Rats	2016	Nano Primo Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 443-270, South Korea.; Nano Primo Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 443-270, South K	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Periodical, Abbrev. Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 923 Issue Start Page 311 Other Pages 317 Notes JID: 0121103; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0065-2598; 0065-2598 Accession Number PMID: 27526158 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-38810-6_41 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27526158 Abstract This study aims to investigate the temporal change of a vascular system now known as the primo vascular system (PVS). We used Alcian blue (AB) dye for imaging the distribution of the PVS in lymphatic vessels. The target lymph vessels were chosen as they are easily accessible from the skin, and long-term observation is possible with intact physiological conditions due to a minimal surgical procedure. AB solution was injected into the inguinal lymph node and the target lymph vessels were located along the superficial epigastric vessels. The imaging system allowed processing for extraction of images showing changes in the AB intensity of the visualized PVS components. This newly developed procedure can be used for further study on various dynamic processes of PVS in lymph vessels. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kim,J., Kim,D.H., Jung,S.J., Soh,K.S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence and correlates of electronic cigarette use among adolescents in Greece: a preliminary cross-sectional analysis of nationwide survey data	2015	National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Department of Neurology-Psychiatry-Social Medicine, 72 Vasilissis Sofias Ave., Athens 11528, Greece; University Mental Health Research Institute, 2 Soranou tou Efesiou St., Athens 11527, Greece	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 51 Issue Start Page 88 Other Pages 92 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 7603486; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/01/11 [received]; 2015/07/21 [revised]; 2015/07/23 [accepted]; 2015/07/26 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 26240943 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.07.021 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26240943 Abstract INTRODUCTION: This study reports the prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among adolescents in Greece and explores how dual smokers of e-cigarettes and combustible (conventional) cigarettes differ from smokers of only combustible cigarettes across socio-demographic, familial, psychosomatic health and substance use characteristics. METHODS: Self-reports on smoking were collected from a nationally representative sample of 1320 15-year-old Greek students in the 2014 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out with dependent variables a) lifetime smoking conventional cigarettes and b) lifetime e-cigarette use among lifetime smokers. RESULTS: About 36.9% of 15-year-olds reported lifetime smoking of conventional cigarettes, and 16.6% lifetime use of e-cigarettes, mostly experimenting (0.5% reported current e-cigarette use). Six in 7 ever e-cigarette smokers had smoked conventional cigarettes. Peers who smoke and lifetime cannabis use were significant correlates of both lifetime conventional cigarette and e-cigarette smoking, but more strongly for smoking conventional cigarettes. Alcohol use and low parental monitoring correlated with tobacco smoking but not e-cigarette use. Girls were more likely than boys to report lifetime use of tobacco, but, among lifetime smokers, boys had almost seven times the odds of girls of e-cigarette use. In lifetime smokers, low life satisfaction in females and current smoking of conventional tobacco were independently associated with the experimentation with e-cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: Experimental use of e-cigarettes is relatively widespread among adolescents in Greece. Targeted interventions should focus on male smokers and the role of peer processes and cannabis use in the risk of experimenting with e-cigarettes. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Fotiou,A., Kanavou,E., Stavrou,M., Richardson,C., Kokkevi,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150726 PMCID Editors
Phylogenetic diversity of lactic acid bacteria associated with paddy rice silage as determined by 16S ribosomal DNA analysis	2003	National Agricultural Research Organization, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Nishinasuno-machi, Tochigi-ken 329-2793, Japan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Applied and Environmental Microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Appl.Environ.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 69 Issue 1 Start Page 444 Other Pages 451 Notes LR: 20151119; GENBANK/AF515219; GENBANK/AF515220; GENBANK/AF515221; GENBANK/AF515222; GENBANK/AF515223; GENBANK/AF515224; GENBANK/AF515225; GENBANK/AF515226; GENBANK/AF515227; GENBANK/AF515228; GENBANK/AF515229; JID: 7605801; 0 (DNA, Ribosomal); 0 (RNA, R Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0099-2240; 0099-2240 Accession Number PMID: 12514026 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 12514026 Abstract A total of 161 low-G+C-content gram-positive bacteria isolated from whole-crop paddy rice silage were classified and subjected to phenotypic and genetic analyses. Based on morphological and biochemical characters, these presumptive lactic acid bacterium (LAB) isolates were divided into 10 groups that included members of the genera Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, and WEISSELLA: Analysis of the 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was used to confirm the presence of the predominant groups indicated by phenotypic analysis and to determine the phylogenetic affiliation of representative strains. The virtually complete 16S rRNA gene was PCR amplified and sequenced. The sequences from the various LAB isolates showed high degrees of similarity to those of the GenBank reference strains (between 98.7 and 99.8%). Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rDNA sequence displayed high consistency, with nodes supported by high bootstrap values. With the exception of one species, the genetic data was in agreement with the phenotypic identification. The prevalent LAB, predominantly homofermentative (66%), consisted of Lactobacillus plantarum (24%), Lactococcus lactis (22%), Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides (20%), Pediococcus acidilactici (11%), Lactobacillus brevis (11%), Enterococcus faecalis (7%), Weissella kimchii (3%), and Pediococcus pentosaceus (2%). The present study, the first to fully document rice-associated LAB, showed a very diverse community of LAB with a relatively high number of species involved in the fermentation process of paddy rice silage. The comprehensive 16S rDNA-based approach to describing LAB community structure was valuable in revealing the large diversity of bacteria inhabiting paddy rice silage and enabling the future design of appropriate inoculants aimed at improving its fermentation quality. Descriptors DNA, Ribosomal/analysis, Fermentation, Genetic Variation, Lactobacillus/classification/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism, Molecular Sequence Data, Oryza/microbiology, Phenotype, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Silage/microbiology, Streptococcaceae/classification/genetics/isolation & purification/metabolism Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ennahar,S., Cai,Y., Fujita,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC152408 Editors
Preventive malaria treatment for contacts of patients with Ebola virus disease in the context of the west Africa 2014-15 Ebola virus disease response: an economic analysis	2016	National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Modeling Unit, Emergency Operations Center, 2014 Ebola Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; IHR	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Lancet.Infectious diseases Periodical, Abbrev. Lancet Infect.Dis. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 16 Issue 4 Start Page 449 Other Pages 458 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2016; JID: 101130150; 0 (Antimalarials); CIN: Lancet Infect Dis. 2016 Apr;16(4):391-2. PMID: 26706715; 2015/08/07 [received]; 2015/10/24 [revised]; 2015/11/05 [accepted]; 2015/12/17 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1474-4457; 1473-3099 Accession Number PMID: 26706716 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00465-X [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26706716 Abstract BACKGROUND: After the detection of an Ebola virus disease outbreak in west Africa in 2014, one of the elements of the response was to contact trace and isolate patients in specialised Ebola treatment units (ETUs) at onset of fever. We aimed to assess the economic feasibility of administering preventive malaria treatment to all contacts of patients with Ebola virus disease, to prevent the onset of febrile malaria and subsequent admission to ETUs. METHODS: We used a decision tree model to analyse the costs of preventive malaria treatment (artemisinin-based combination treatment [ACT]) for all contacts of patients with Ebola virus disease (in terms of administration and averted ETU-stay costs) and benefits (in terms of averted ETU admissions) in west Africa, from a health-care provider perspective. The period of analyses was 1 year, which is roughly similar to the duration of the 2014-15 west Africa Ebola outbreak response. We calculated the intervention's cost per ETU admission averted (average cost-effectiveness ratio) by season (wet and dry), country (Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea), and age of contact (/=15 years). We did sensitivity analyses to assess how results varied with malaria parasite prevalence (in children aged 2-10 years), daily cost of ETU stay (for Liberian malaria incidence levels), and compliance and effectiveness of preventive malaria treatment. FINDINGS: Administration of ACTs to contacts of patients with Ebola virus disease was cost saving for contacts of all ages in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea, in both seasons, from a health-care provider perspective. In the wet season, preventive malaria treatment was estimated to reduce the probability of a contact being admitted to an ETU by a maximum of 36% (in Guinea, for contacts aged /=15 years). Assuming 85% compliance and taking into account the African population pyramid, the intervention is expected to be cost saving in contacts of all age groups in areas with malaria parasite prevalence in children aged 2-10 years as low as 10%. In Liberia during the wet season, malaria preventive treatment was cost saving even when average daily bed-stay costs were as low as US$5 for children younger than 5 years, $9 for those aged 5-14 years, and $22 for those aged 15 years or older. INTERPRETATION: Administration of preventive malaria treatment to contacts of patients with Ebola virus disease should be considered by public health officials when addressing Ebola virus disease outbreaks in countries and seasons where malaria reaches high levels of transmission. FUNDING: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Carias,C., Greening,B.,Jr, Campbell,C.G., Meltzer,M.I., Hamel,M.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151217 PMCID Editors
Determination of tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide yields in the mainstream smoke of selected international cigarettes	2004	National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 13 Issue 1 Start Page 45 Other Pages 51 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9209612; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Smoke); 0 (Tars); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); OID: NLM: PMC1747810; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 14985595 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 14985595 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Survey of nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide (CO) smoke deliveries from 77 cigarette brands purchased in 35 countries was conducted using a standardised machine smoking method. The goal of this study was to determine regional variations and differences in the tar, nicotine, and CO smoke yields of a cigarette brand manufactured by a leading transnational corporation and of non-US locally popular cigarette brands. DESIGN: The majority of the cigarettes were purchased in each of the participating countries by delegate members of the World Health Organization and forwarded to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for analysis. Smoke deliveries were determined using a standardised smoking machine method and subsequent gravimetric and gas chromatography analysis. RESULTS: The smoke deliveries varied widely. Mainstream smoke deliveries varied from 6.8 to 21.6 mg tar/cigarette, 0.5 to 1.6 mg nicotine/cigarette, and 5.9 to 17.4 mg CO/cigarette. In addition to the smoke deliveries, the cigarettes were examined to determine physical parameters such as filter composition, length, and ventilation levels. CONCLUSION: Analysis of the smoke deliveries suggested that cigarettes from the Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and Western Pacific WHO regions tended to have higher tar, nicotine, and CO smoke deliveries than did brands from the European, American, or African WHO regions surveyed. Descriptors Air Pollutants/analysis, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Nicotine/analysis, Smoke/analysis, Tars/analysis, Tobacco Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Calafat,A. M., Polzin,G. M., Saylor,J., Richter,P., Ashley,D. L., Watson,C. H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC1747810 Editors
Impact of active and passive smoking as risk factors for asthma and COPD in women presenting to primary care in Syria: first report by the WHO-GARD survey group	2013	National Center for Research in Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Tishreen University School of Medicine, Latakia, Syria.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Chron.Obstruct Pulmon Dis. Pub Date Free Form Volume 8 Issue Start Page 473 Other Pages 482 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101273481; 0 (Bronchodilator Agents); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OID: NLM: PMC3794890; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013 [ecollection]; 2013/10/02 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication New Zealand ISSN/ISBN 1178-2005; 1176-9106 Accession Number PMID: 24124359 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Observational Study; Video-Audio Media; IM DOI 10.2147/COPD.S50551 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24124359 Abstract BACKGROUND: The burden of chronic respiratory disease (CRD) is alarming. International studies suggest that women with CRD are undersurveyed and underdiagnosed by physicians worldwide. It is unclear what the prevalence of CRD is in the general population of Syria, particularly among women, since there has never been a survey on CRD in this nation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of different patterns of smoking on CRD in women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We extracted data on smoking patterns and outcome in women from the Global Alliance Against Chronic Respiratory Diseases survey. Using spirometric measurements before and after the use of inhaled bronchodilators, we tracked the frequency of CRD in females active and passive narghile or cigarette smokers presenting to primary care. We administered the questionnaire to 788 randomly selected females seen during 1 week in the fiscal year 2009-2010 in 22 primary care centers in six different regions of Syria. Inclusion criteria were age >6 years, presenting for any medical complaint. In this cross-sectional study, three groups of female subjects were evaluated: active smokers of cigarettes, active smokers of narghiles, and passive smokers of either cigarettes or narghiles. These three groups were compared to a control group of female subjects not exposed to active or passive smoking. RESULTS: Exposure to active cigarette smoke but not narghile smoke was associated with doctor-diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, neither cigarette nor narghile active smoking was associated with increased incidence of spirometrically diagnosed COPD. Paradoxically, exposure to passive smoking of either cigarettes or narghiles resulted in association with airway obstruction, defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Mohammad,Y., Shaaban,R., Al-Zahab,B.A., Khaltaev,N., Bousquet,J., Dubaybo,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131002 PMCID PMC3794890 Editors
Dissemination of cefotaxime-M-producing Escherichia coli isolates in poultry farms, but not swine farms, in China	2010	National Center for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance, The State Food and Drug Administration, Chongwen District, Beijing, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Foodborne pathogens and disease Periodical, Abbrev. Foodborne Pathog.Dis. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 7 Issue 11 Start Page 1387 Other Pages 1392 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 101120121; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 5E8K9I0O4U (Ciprofloxacin); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); N2GI8B1GK7 (Cefotaxime); 2010/06/29 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1556-7125; 1535-3141 Accession Number PMID: 20583961 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1089/fpd.2010.0581 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20583961 Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates in swine and poultry farms in China. Rectal or cloaca swabs of swine and chicken were collected from four province-level regions of China, and E. coli isolates were recovered and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. The isolates producing ESBLs were further characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and sequence analysis of genes encoding beta -lactamases and class I integrons. In total, 156 and 224 E. coli isolates were recovered from rectal swabs of four swine farms and cloaca swabs of six chicken farms, respectively. Prevalence of resistant isolates was higher in chicken than in swine. Fifty-six isolates producing ESBLs were identified from chicken samples, but no ESBL-producing isolates were identified from swine samples. Of 56 ESBL-producing isolates, 54 isolates contained cefotaxime (CTX)-M type beta-lactamases, including bla(CTX-M-14) (n = 24), bla(CTX-M-65) (n = 13), bla(CTX-M-55) (n = 10), bla(CTX-M-24) (n = 3), bla(CTX-M-3) (n = 2), bla(CTX-M-15) (n = 1), and bla(CTX-M-64) (n = 1). Among 54 E. coli isolates containing bla(CTX-M), 11 PFGE clusters and 42 PFGE patterns were identified. More importantly, more than three-fourth of the ESBL-producing isolates in chicken were also resistant to ciprofloxacin. Our data demonstrated that chicken had become an important reservoir of bla(CTX-M) in China. Detailed molecular comparison of plasmids and genomes of isolates from various sources will help to better define the transmission dynamics of bla(CTX-M) between humans and food-producing animals. Descriptors Agriculture, Animals, Cefotaxime, China, Ciprofloxacin, DNA Fingerprinting, DNA, Bacterial/analysis, Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Escherichia coli/enzymology/isolation & purification, Integrons/genetics, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Poultry/microbiology, Swine/microbiology, beta-Lactamases/biosynthesis/genetics Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Li,J., Ma,Y., Hu,C., Jin,S., Zhang,Q., Ding,H., Ran,L., Cui,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20100629 PMCID Editors

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