WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Depressive symptoms and cigarette smoking among teens	2000	Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA. goode?@chmcc.org	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pediatrics Periodical, Abbrev. Pediatrics Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 106 Issue 4 Start Page 748 Other Pages 755 Notes LR: 20071114; GR: P01-HD31921/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; JID: 0376422; ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN 1098-4275; 0031-4005 Accession Number PMID: 11015518 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11015518 Abstract CONTEXT: Although several risk factors for tobacco use have been implicated in the development of depression, smoking progression has typically been viewed as a consequence of depression. The results of limited longitudinal studies are controversial. OBJECTIVE: To assess the nature and direction of the relationship between cigarette smoking and depression among teens. DESIGN: Prospective analysis of baseline and 1-year follow-up data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. SETTING: In-home teen and parent interviews. PARTICIPANTS: Two samples were identified. For the first sample, 8704 adolescents who were not depressed at baseline based on CES-D scores were identified for analyses of the effects of cigarette smoking on development of high depressive symptomatology. Baseline smoking status, which could vary in this group, was the predictor of interest in these analyses. For the second sample, 6947 teens who had not smoked cigarettes in the 30 days before the baseline survey (noncurrent smokers) were identified for analyses on the effect of high depressive symptoms on subsequent moderate to heavy cigarette use at 1 year of follow-up. Baseline high depressive symptomatology based on CES-D score was the predictor of interest in this sample. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Among the nondepressed, developing high depressive symptoms at 1 year of follow-up. Among noncurrent smokers, smoking at least 1 pack per week at 1 year of follow-up. RESULTS: For the nondepressed, multivariate modeling revealed that current cigarette smoking was the strongest predictor of developing high depressive symptoms in all models (final model odds ratio [OR]: 3.90; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.85,8.20). For noncurrent smokers, although in bivariate analyses, baseline high depressive symptoms increased the risk of heavy smoking nearly threefold, multivariate modeling revealed that baseline high depressive symptoms were not predictive of heavy smoking when controlling for other determinants of smoking in teens. Previous experimentation with smoking was the strongest predictor of becoming a heavy smoker (OR: 3.04; 95% CI: 1.93,4.88). CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to common dictum, depression does not seem to be an antecedent to heavy cigarette use among teens. However, current cigarette use is a powerful determinant of developing high depressive symptoms. Descriptors Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Depression/complications, Depressive Disorder/complications, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Logistic Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Risk Factors, Smoking/epidemiology/ethnology/psychology, Social Class, United States/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Goodman,E., Capitman,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Adolescents' beliefs about the risks involved in smoking "light" cigarettes	2004	Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94118, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pediatrics Periodical, Abbrev. Pediatrics Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 114 Issue 4 Start Page e445 Other Pages 51 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0376422; 0 (Tars); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-4275; 0031-4005 Accession Number PMID: 15466070 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; AIM; IM DOI 114/4/e445 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15466070 Abstract BACKGROUND: Light cigarettes have been marketed by the tobacco industry as being a healthier smoking choice, a safe alternative to cessation, and a first step toward quitting smoking altogether. Research, however, has failed to show a reduction in smoking-related health risks, an increase in rates of smoking cessation, a decrease in the amount of carbon monoxide or tar released, or a reduction in the rates of cardiovascular disease or lung cancer associated with light cigarette use, compared with regular cigarette use. Nevertheless, more than one-half of adolescent smokers in the United States smoke light cigarettes. This study is the first to investigate adolescents' perception of the risks associated with smoking light cigarettes, as well as adolescents' attitudes and knowledge about the delivery of tar and nicotine, health risks, social effects, addiction potential, and ease of cessation with light cigarettes, compared with regular cigarettes. DESIGN: Participants were 267 adolescents (mean age: 14.0 years) who completed a self-administered questionnaire during class time. After reading scenarios in which they imagined that they smoked regular or light cigarettes, participants estimated the chances that they would personally experience 7 smoking-related health risks and 3 addiction risks. Participants also responded to 14 items concerning their attitudes and knowledge about light cigarettes versus regular cigarettes. RESULTS: Participants thought that they would be significantly less likely to get lung cancer, have a heart attack, die from a smoking-related disease, get a bad cough, have trouble breathing, and get wrinkles when smoking light cigarettes, compared with regular cigarettes, for the rest of their lives. Furthermore, when participants were asked how long it would take to become addicted to the 2 cigarette types, they thought it would take significantly longer to become addicted to light versus regular cigarettes. Adolescents also thought that their chances of being able to quit smoking were higher with light versus regular cigarettes. Similarly, when participants were asked how easy it would be to quit smoking the 2 cigarette types, they thought it would be significantly easier for them to quit smoking light cigarettes than regular cigarettes. Adolescents agreed or strongly agreed that regular cigarettes deliver more tar than light cigarettes and that light cigarettes deliver less nicotine than regular cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the results of this study show that adolescents hold misperceptions in both their personal risk estimates and their general attitudes about the health risks, addictive properties, and ease of cessation associated with light cigarettes. With a variety of light and ultralight cigarettes on the market, adolescents are led to think that there is a progression of safety levels to choose from when deciding which cigarettes to smoke. This illusion of control over health outcomes contributes to an underestimation of risks associated with smoking light cigarettes and supports these misperceptions. These results are of concern, given evidence suggesting that, if adolescents think they are less vulnerable to smoking-related health risks (ie, lung cancer), then they are more likely to initiate smoking. Furthermore, there is evidence that adolescents are not fully aware of the addictive nature of cigarettes and therefore think that they can experiment with smoking during adolescence without becoming addicted or experiencing any health consequences. The data presented here support concerns regarding smoking addiction; adolescents might be even more inclined to smoke light cigarettes to delay addiction. Without correct information about light cigarettes, adolescents are unable to make informed decisions about their smoking behaviors. The findings presented here strongly suggest that health care practitioners need to talk to their adolescent clients not only about the overall risks of smok Descriptors Adolescent, Attitude to Health, Humans, Nicotine, Psychology, Adolescent, Risk, Smoking/adverse effects/psychology, Smoking Cessation/psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tars Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kropp,R. Y., Halpern-Felsher,B. L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence of selected risk behaviors and chronic diseases and conditions-steps communities, United States, 2006-2007	2010	Division of Adult and Community Health, National Center for Chronic Disease and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. spk9@cdc.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Morbidity and mortality weekly report.Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C.: 2002) Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Surveill.Summ. Pub Date Free Form 24-Sep Volume 59 Issue 8 Start Page 1 Other Pages 37 Notes LR: 20120329; JID: 101142015; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-8636; 0892-3787 Accession Number PMID: 20864923 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI ss5908a1 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20864923 Abstract PROBLEM: At least one chronic disease or condition affects 45% of persons and account for seven of the 10 leading causes of death in the United States. Persons who suffer from chronic diseases and conditions, (e.g., obesity, diabetes, and asthma) experience limitations in function, health, activity, and work, affecting the quality of their lives as well as the lives of their family. Preventable health-risk factors (e.g., insufficient physical activity, poor nutrition, and tobacco use and exposure) contribute substantially to the development and severity of certain chronic diseases and conditions. REPORTING PERIOD COVERED: 2006-2007 DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM: CDC's Healthy Communities Program funds communities to address chronic diseases and related risk factors through policy, systems, and environmental change strategies. As part of the Healthy Communities Program, 40 Steps communities were funded nationwide to address six focus areas: obesity, diabetes, asthma, physical inactivity, poor nutrition, and tobacco use and exposure. During 2006-2007, 38 and 39 of the 40 communities conducted a survey to collect adult health outcome data. The survey instrument was a modified version of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey, a state-based, random-digit-dialed telephone survey. The survey instrument collected information on chronic diseases and conditions, health risk behaviors, and preventive health practices related to Steps community outcomes from noninstitutionalized community members aged >/=18 years. RESULTS: Prevalence estimates of chronic diseases and conditions and risk behaviors varied among Steps communities that reported data for 2006 and 2007. The proportion of the population that achieved Healthy People 2010 (HP 2010) objectives also varied among the communities. In 2006, the estimated prevalence of respondents aged >/=18 years being overweight or obese as calculated from self-reported weight and height ranged from 51.8% to 73.7%. The nationwide 2006 BRFSS median was 62.3%; a total of 20 communities exceeded this median. In 2007, the estimated prevalence being overweight or obese ranged from 50.5% to 77.2%. The nationwide 2007 BRFSS median was 63.0%; a total of 18 communities exceeded this median. In 2006, the estimated prevalence of diagnosed diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes) ranged from 3.7% to 19.7%. None of the communities achieved the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 91% the proportion of adults with diabetes who have at least an annual clinical foot examination. Six communities reached the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 76% the proportion of adults with diabetes who have an annual dilated eye examination; 20 communities reached the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 65% the proportion of adults who have a glycosylated hemoglobin measurement (A1c) at least once a year. In 2007, the estimated prevalence of diagnosed diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes) ranged from 4.4% to 17.9%. None of the communities achieved the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 91% the proportion of adults with diabetes who have at least an annual clinical foot examination, eight communities achieved the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 76% the proportion of adults with diabetes who have an annual dilated eye examination, and 16 communities achieved the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 65% the proportion of adults who have an A1c at least once a year. In 2006, the prevalence of reported asthma ranged from 6.5% to 18.9%. Among those who reported having asthma, the prevalence of having no symptoms of asthma during the preceding 30 days ranged from 11.5% to 29.5% for five communities with sufficient data for estimates. In 2007, the estimated prevalence of reported asthma ranged from 7.5% to 18.9%. Among those who reported having asthma, the prevalence of having no symptoms of asthma during the preceding 30 days ranged from 10.3% to 36.1% for 12 communities with sufficient data for estimates. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Chronic Disease/epidemiology, Female, Health Behavior, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Primary Prevention, Risk-Taking, United States/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Cory,S., Ussery-Hall,A., Griffin-Blake,S., Easton,A., Vigeant,J., Balluz,L., Garvin,W., Greenlund,K., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Young adults' perceptions about established and emerging tobacco products: results from eight focus groups	2012	Division of Behavior Science & Health Education, Saint Louis University School of Public Health, 3545 Lafayette Avenue, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA. wray@slu.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 14 Issue 2 Start Page 184 Other Pages 190 Notes GR: USPHS 5U48DP0000605/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 2011/11/22 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 22110049 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntr168 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22110049 Abstract INTRODUCTION: In order to sustain their market, tobacco producers target young adults through novel product design and marketing strategies. Public health professionals need to understand young adults' risks perceptions about and use of new tobacco products to best inform tobacco control interventions. METHODS: In 2009, researchers conducted 8 focus groups with 67 young adults stratified by self-reported tobacco use and nonuse, residence in rural and urban areas, and living in a state with or without a statewide smoking restriction policy. Participants provided feedback about their knowledge and risk perceptions about and use of tobacco products and marketing. RESULTS: Participants reported a high level of familiarity with a wide range of novel tobacco products. A great deal of confusion and disagreement appeared with regard to absolute and relative risk of different tobacco products. Participants readily discussed using smokeless tobacco products as alternatives to smoking when smoking is prohibited. Fewer differences in tobacco-related knowledge risk perceptions and use were found between urban and rural participants and those in smoke-free policy and nonpolicy states than between user and nonuser groups. Both users and nonusers were familiar with and skeptical about tobacco marketing and prevention efforts. CONCLUSIONS: Young adults are familiar with many tobacco products, but they convey little understanding of relative risks of new or trendy tobacco products, such as snus or hookah. Mindful of industry innovation, tobacco control advocates must continuously update prevention efforts, seeking new strategies to limit promotion, marketing, and use of new and conventional products. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wray,R.J., Jupka,K., Berman,S., Zellin,S., Vijaykumar,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20111122 PMCID Editors
Culture-based and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of the bacterial community from Chungkookjang, a traditional Korean fermented soybean food	2012	Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon 220-710, Republic of Korea.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of Food Science Periodical, Abbrev. J.Food Sci. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 77 Issue 10 Start Page M572 Other Pages 8 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: (c) 2012; JID: 0014052; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (Isoflavones); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); 0 (Soybean Proteins); 0 (chungkookjang); 2012/09/05 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1750-3841; 0022-1147 Accession Number PMID: 22950549 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02901.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22950549 Abstract The bacterial community of Chungkookjang and raw rice-straw collected from various areas in South Korea was investigated using both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Pure cultures were isolated from Chungkookjang and raw rice-straw on tryptic soy agar plates with 72 to 121 colonies and identified by 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis, respectively. The traditional culture-based method and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA confirmed that Pantoea agglomerans and B. subtilis were identified as predominant in the raw rice-straw and Chungkookjang, respectively, from Iljuk district of Gyeonggi province, P. ananatis and B. licheniformis were identified as predominant in the raw rice-straw and Chungkookjang from Wonju district of Gangwon province, and Microbacterium sp. and B. licheniformis were identified as predominant in the raw rice-straw and Chungkookjang from Sunchang district of Jeolla province. Other strains, such as Bacillus, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, and uncultured bacteria were also present in raw rice-straw and Chungkookjang. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: A comprehensive analysis of these microorganisms would provide a more detailed understanding of the biologically active components of Chungkookjang and help improve its quality. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis can be successfully applied to a fermented food to detect unculturable or more species than the culture-dependent method. This technique is an effective and convenient culture-independent method for studying the bacterial community in Chungkookjang. In this study, the bacterial community of Chungkookjang collected from various areas in South Korea was investigated using both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Institute of Food Technologists(R) Data Source Authors Hong,S.W., Choi,J.Y., Chung,K.S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120905 PMCID Editors
Quit attempts and intention to quit cigarette smoking among young adults in the United States	2007	Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7337, USA. faganp@mail.nih.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 97 Issue 8 Start Page 1412 Other Pages 1420 Notes LR: 20140904; GR: N01-CO-12400/CO/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 1254074; OID: NLM: PMC1931471; 2007/06/28 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1541-0048; 0090-0036 Accession Number PMID: 17600244 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; AIM; IM DOI AJPH.2006.103697 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 17600244 Abstract OBJECTIVES: We investigated variables associated with quitting behaviors among current, daily, and nondaily young adult smokers in the United States. METHODS: Data from the national 2003 Tobacco Use Special Cessation Supplement to the Current Population Survey were analyzed to identify factors associated with quit attempts and serious intention to quit among young adult smokers aged 18 to 30 years (n=7912). RESULTS: Daily smokers who smoked 20 or more cigarettes per day, had their first cigarette within 30 minutes of waking, and smoked no usual type were less likely than were their comparison groups to have 1 more or quit attempts. Nondaily smokers who were male, Hispanic, and smoked no usual type of cigarette were also less likely than were their comparison groups to report 1 or more quit attempts. Although unemployed nondaily smokers were more likely than were the employed to report intention to quit, nondaily smokers with an annual family income of $25,000 to $49,000 were less likely than were higher-income families to report intention to quit. CONCLUSIONS: Nicotine dependence measures were significantly associated with quitting and intention to quit among daily smokers, but sociodemographics were associated with quitting and intention to quit among nondaily smokers. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Behavior, Humans, Intention, Logistic Models, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Prevalence, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control/psychology, Smoking Cessation/ethnology/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Socioeconomic Factors, United States/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Fagan,P., Augustson,E., Backinger,C. L., O'Connell,M. E., Vollinger,R. E.,Jr, Kaufman,A., Gibson,J. T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20070628 PMCID PMC1931471 Editors
Consumer awareness and attitudes related to new potential reduced-exposure tobacco product brands	2009	Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Tobacco Control Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, 6130 Executive Boulevard, Room 4039, Bethesda, MD 20892-7337, USA. paramark@mail.nih.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 11 Issue 7 Start Page 886 Other Pages 895 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9815751; OID: NLM: PMC2722238; 2009/06/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 19541949 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntp082 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19541949 Abstract INTRODUCTION: In recent years, there has been a proliferation of potential reduced-exposure tobacco products (PREPs) marketed that claim to be less harmful or less addictive, compared with conventional cigarettes. Tobacco control scientists have raised concerns about the potential adverse impact of marketing of these products for smoking prevention and cessation efforts. Although these products have not been widely used among smokers, there are few data available on consumers' awareness and attitudes toward these products. METHODS: Data were obtained from the 2003 and 2005 Health Information National Trends Survey, a nationally representative telephone survey of adults 18 years and older regarding health communication and associated beliefs and behaviors. Our study population consisted of 6,369 respondents in 2003 and 5,586 respondents in 2005, of whom 19% were current smokers and 28% were former smokers. RESULTS: In 2005, 45% of respondents had heard of at least one PREP product, while only 4.8% had actually tried one. Awareness and use were substantially higher among current smokers (55.6% and 12.7%). Awareness was highest for Marlboro Ultra Smooth (MUS) (30.2%), Eclipse (18.2%), Quest (7.8%), and Ariva (5.4%), while less than 2% for any other product. Of respondents who had tried a PREP, 50% cited harm reduction or assistance in quitting as a reason for trying the product and 30% believed that the product was less harmful than their usual brand. In the combined 2003 and 2005 dataset, 54.4% of current smokers stated that they would be "very" or "somewhat" interested in trying a cigarette advertised as less harmful, while only 3.2% of former smokers and 1.1% of never-smokers were interested. Among current smokers, interest was higher in females and non-Hispanic Whites, and among daily smokers, those who smoked 20 or more cigarettes per day and those who were not considering quitting. Smokers interested in PREPs were substantially more likely to rate their perceived lung cancer risk as high (40.3% vs. 8.3%) and to worry frequently about developing lung cancer (19.7% vs. 4%). DISCUSSION: These results suggest that there is a substantial level of interest among current smokers in cigarettes marketed with claims of reduced exposure or harm. Of particular concern is that "health conscious" smokers and heavy smokers not planning to quit may be especially vulnerable to PREP marketing messages and view such products as an alternative to smoking cessation. Descriptors Adult, Advertising as Topic/statistics & numerical data, Aged, Consumer Behavior/statistics & numerical data, Ethnic Groups/statistics & numerical data, Female, Health Education/organization & administration, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Distribution, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation/methods/statistics & numerical data, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology/prevention & control, United States/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Parascandola,M., Augustson,E., O'Connell,M. E., Marcus,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090618 PMCID PMC2722238 Editors
Cigarette smoking increases risk of Barrett's esophagus: an analysis of the Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium	2012	Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20852-7234, USA. michael.cook@nih.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Gastroenterology Periodical, Abbrev. Gastroenterology Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 142 Issue 4 Start Page 744 Other Pages 753 Notes LR: 20150325; CI: Copyright (c) 2012; GR: 1R21DK077742-01A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: 5 RO1 CA 001833-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: K05 CA124911/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: K05 CA124911/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: K23DK59311/D Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1528-0012; 0016-5085 Accession Number PMID: 22245667 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; AIM; IM DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.12.049 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22245667 Abstract BACKGROUND & AIMS: Cigarette smoking has been implicated in the etiology of esophageal adenocarcinoma, but it is not clear if smoking is a risk factor for Barrett's esophagus. We investigated whether tobacco smoking and other factors increase risk for Barrett's esophagus. METHODS: We analyzed data from 5 case-control studies included in the international Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium. We compared data from subjects with Barrett's esophagus (n = 1059) with those from subjects with gastroesophageal reflux disease (gastroesophageal reflux disease controls, n = 1332), and population-based controls (n = 1143), using multivariable logistic regression models to test associations with cigarette smoking. We also tested whether cigarette smoking has synergistic effects with other exposures, which might further increase risk for Barrett's esophagus. RESULTS: Subjects with Barrett's esophagus were significantly more likely to have ever smoked cigarettes than the population-based controls (odds ratio [OR] = 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-2.67) or gastroesophageal reflux disease controls (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.33-1.96). Increasing pack-years of smoking increased the risk for Barrett's esophagus. There was evidence of a synergy between ever-smoking and heartburn or regurgitation; the attributable proportion of disease among individuals who ever smoked and had heartburn or regurgitation was estimated to be 0.39 (95% CI: 0.25-0.52). CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for Barrett's esophagus. The association was strengthened with increased exposure to smoking until approximately 20 pack-years, when it began to plateau. Smoking has synergistic effects with heartburn or regurgitation, indicating that there are various pathways by which tobacco smoking might contribute to development of Barrett's esophagus. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Cook,M.B., Shaheen,N.J., Anderson,L.A., Giffen,C., Chow,W.H., Vaughan,T.L., Whiteman,D.C., Corley,D.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120111 PMCID PMC3321098 Editors
Leukocyte telomere length in relation to the risk of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma	2016	Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.; Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.; Depar	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cancer medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Cancer.Med. Pub Date Free Form 6-Jul Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160707; CI: (c) 2016; JID: 101595310; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/01/04 [received]; 2016/04/27 [revised]; 2016/06/02 [accepted]; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 2045-7634; 2045-7634 Accession Number PMID: 27384379 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1002/cam4.810 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27384379 Abstract Chronic inflammation and oxidative damage caused by obesity, cigarette smoking, and chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are major risk factors associated with Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). EAC has been increasing the past few decades, and early discovery and treatment are crucial for survival. Telomere shortening due to cell division and oxidative damage may reflect the impact of chronic inflammation and could possibly be used as predictor for disease development. We examined the prevalence of shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) among individuals with GERD, BE, or EAC using a pooled analysis of studies from the Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON). Telomere length was measured in leukocyte DNA samples by Q-PCR. Participants included 1173 patients (386 with GERD, 384 with EAC, 403 with BE) and 736 population-based controls. The association of LTL (in tertiles) along the continuum of disease progression from GERD to BE to EAC was calculated using study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Shorter LTL were less prevalent among GERD patients (OR 0.57; 95% CI: 0.35-0.93), compared to population-based controls. No statistically significant increased prevalence of short/long LTL among individuals with BE or EAC was observed. In contrast to some earlier reports, our findings add to the evidence that leukocyte telomere length is not a biomarker of risk related to the etiology of EAC. The findings do not suggest a relationship between LTL and BE or EAC. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Data Source Authors Wennerstrom,E.C., Risques,R.A., Prunkard,D., Giffen,C., Corley,D.A., Murray,L.J., Whiteman,D.C., Wu,A.H., Bernstein,L., Ye,W., Chow,W.H., Vaughan,T.L., Liao,L.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160706 PMCID Editors
Hazards of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and waterpipe in a Middle Eastern Population: a Cohort Study of 50 000 individuals from Iran	2017	Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.; Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I(TRUNCATED	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 26 Issue 6 Start Page 674 Other Pages 682 Notes LR: 20181113; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.; GR: ZIA CP000185-12/NULL/International; GR Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 27872345 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053245 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27872345 Abstract BACKGROUND: There is limited information about the hazards of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and waterpipe in the Middle East. The aim of this study was to determine the association between different types of tobacco use and earlier death in the Golestan Cohort Study. METHODS: The Study includes 50 045 adults (aged 40-75 years) from north eastern Iran. The baseline questionnaire (2004-2008) assessed information about use of cigarettes, chewing tobacco (nass) and waterpipe. To assess the use of each type of tobacco compared with never tobacco users, we used Cox regression models adjusted for age, socioeconomic status, area of residence, education and other tobacco used, and stratified by sex, ethnicity and opium use. RESULTS: 17% of participants reported a history of cigarette smoking, 7.5% chewing tobacco (nass) and 1.1% smoking waterpipe, and these figures declined in the later birth cohorts. During a median follow-up of 8 years, 4524 deaths occurred (mean age 64.8+9.9 years). Current (HR=1.44; 95% CI 1.28 to 1.61) and former (HR=1.35; 95% CI 1.16 to 1.56) cigarette smokers had higher overall mortality relative to never tobacco users. The highest cigarette-associated risk was for cancer death among current heavy smokers (HR=2.32; 95% CI 1.66 to 3.24). Current nass chewing was associated with overall mortality (HR=1.16; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.34), and there was a 61% higher risk of cancer death in people chewing nass more than five times a day. We observed an association between the cumulative lifetime waterpipe use (waterpipe-years>/=28) and both overall (HR=1.66; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.47), and cancer mortality (HR=2.82; 95% CI 1.30 to 6.11). CONCLUSIONS: Regular use of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and waterpipe were associated with the risk of earlier death (particularly from cancer) in our cohort. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Etemadi,A., Khademi,H., Kamangar,F., Freedman,N.D., Abnet,C.C., Brennan,P., Malekzadeh,R., Golestan Cohort Study Team Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20161121 PMCID PMC5767941 Editors

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