WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Quit attempt correlates among smokers by race/ethnicity	2011	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. jkahende@cdc.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of environmental research and public health Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Environ.Res.Public.Health. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 8 Issue 10 Start Page 3871 Other Pages 3888 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101238455; OID: NLM: PMC3210587; OTO: NOTNLM; 2011/08/31 [received]; 2011/09/23 [accepted]; 2011/09/28 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1660-4601; 1660-4601 Accession Number PMID: 22073018 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.3390/ijerph8103871 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22073018 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of premature deaths in the U.S., accounting for approximately 443,000 deaths annually. Although smoking prevalence in recent decades has declined substantially among all racial/ethnic groups, disparities in smoking-related behaviors among racial/ethnic groups continue to exist. Two of the goals of Healthy People 2020 are to reduce smoking prevalence among adults to 12% or less and to increase smoking cessation attempts by adult smokers from 41% to 80%. Our study assesses whether correlates of quit attempts vary by race/ethnicity among adult (>/= 18 years) smokers in the U.S. Understanding racial/ethnic differences in how both internal and external factors affect quit attempts is important for targeting smoking-cessation interventions to decrease tobacco-use disparities. METHODS: We used 2003 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey (CPS) data from 16,213 adults to examine whether the relationship between demographic characteristics, smoking behaviors, smoking policies and having made a quit attempt in the past year varied by race/ethnicity. RESULTS: Hispanics and persons of multiple races were more likely to have made a quit attempt than whites. Overall, younger individuals and those with >high school education, who smoked fewer cigarettes per day and had smoked for fewer years were more likely to have made a quit attempt. Having a smoke-free home, receiving a doctor's advice to quit, smoking menthol cigarettes and having a greater time to when you smoked your first cigarette of the day were also associated with having made a quit attempt. The relationship between these four variables and quit attempts varied by race/ethnicity; most notably receiving a doctor's advice was not related to quit attempts among Asian American/Pacific Islanders and menthol use among whites was associated with a lower prevalence of quit attempts while black menthol users were more likely to have made a quit attempt than white non-menthol users. CONCLUSIONS: Most correlates of quit attempts were similar across all racial/ethnic groups. Therefore population-based comprehensive tobacco control programs that increase quit attempts and successful cessation among all racial/ethnic groups should be continued and expanded. Additional strategies may be needed to encourage quit attempts among less educated, older, and more addicted smokers. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kahende,J.W., Malarcher,A.M., Teplinskaya,A., Asman,K.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110928 PMCID PMC3210587 Editors
Determination of tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide yields in the smoke of bidi cigarettes	2003	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. cow1@cdc.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 5 Issue 5 Start Page 747 Other Pages 753 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9815751; 0 (Ganglionic Stimulants); 0 (Tars); 0 (tobacco tar); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1462-2203; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 14577991 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 9BPW5L3F08F69X0V [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 14577991 Abstract A survey of the nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide (CO) levels in mainstream smoke from 21 brands of bidi cigarettes and five brands of traditional cigarettes was conducted using a variation of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) standardized cigarette smoking machine method. The primary difference between this method and the FTC method was a reduction of the 60-s puff interval to 15 s. The shorter puff interval was required to prevent the bidi cigarettes from self-extinguishing and may represent a closer approximation to human usage. The goal of this study was to evaluate the smoke-delivery potential for tar, nicotine, and CO in mainstream smoke from bidi cigarettes compared with traditional domestic cigarettes smoked under identical conditions. Approximately half of the bidi brands examined were marketed as filtered varieties. Unlike traditional cigarettes, the filtered and unfiltered bidi brands yielded comparable smoke deliveries. Thus, a filtered bidi cigarette brand does not provide any harm-reduction benefit that might result from a reduction in levels of tar, nicotine, and CO compared with an unfiltered variety. Our findings indicate that bidi cigarettes can deliver high levels of tar (77.9+/-9.5 mg/bidi), nicotine (2.7+/-.4 mg/bidi), and CO (39.2+/-5.7 mg/bidi). In comparison, traditional cigarettes smoked using the bidi cigarette protocol have lower tar and CO yields, but have nicotine deliveries comparable with bidi cigarettes. Descriptors Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Consumer Product Safety, Data Collection, Filtration, Ganglionic Stimulants/analysis, Humans, India, Nicotine/analysis, Product Surveillance, Postmarketing, Smoking/adverse effects, Tars/analysis, Tobacco/chemistry, United States Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Watson,C. H., Polzin,G. M., Calafat,A. M., Ashley,D. L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Young adults' perceptions of cigarette warning labels in the United States and Canada	2007	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Smoking and Health, 4770 Buford Hwy, NE, Mailstop K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717, USA. mohegarty@cdc.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Preventing chronic disease Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Chronic Dis. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 4 Issue 2 Start Page A27 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160317; JID: 101205018; OID: NLM: PMC1893125; 2007/03/15 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-1151; 1545-1151 Accession Number PMID: 17362618 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM DOI A27 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 17362618 Abstract INTRODUCTION: For the past 20 years, there have been no changes to the text-only cigarette warning labels in the United States. During this same time period, other countries placed large graphic warning labels on cigarette packages. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reactions of U.S. young adult smokers and nonsmokers aged 18 to 24 years to Canadian cigarette label text and graphic warnings. The study focused on determining their perceptions and the potential impact of Canadian labels on smoking, and study participants were asked for suggestions for modifications of U.S. cigarette warning labels so they would be effective for smoking deterrence and cessation. METHODS: During January and February 2002, 11 focus groups consisting of 54 smokers and 41 nonsmokers were conducted in the Detroit metropolitan area. Current smokers were defined as those who had smoked a cigarette within the past 30 days. Participants were asked about their knowledge and perceptions of current U.S. cigarette warning labels and their impressions of Canadian cigarette warning labels. ANALYSIS: A content analysis and a word index were applied to the transcripts of all focus groups to identify and clarify themes and domains that appeared in group discussions and to compare results across different groups. RESULTS: Focus group participants reported that Canadian cigarette warning labels were more visible and informative than U.S. cigarette warning labels. Messages perceived to be relevant to smokers were considered effective. Education level did not appear related to how participants responded to warning labels. There were some differences for warning labels that had sex-specific messages. DISCUSSION: Warning labels are one component of comprehensive tobacco control and smoking cessation efforts. Stronger warnings on cigarette packages need to be part of a larger U.S. public health educational effort. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Canada, Female, Focus Groups, Health Education/methods, Humans, Male, Michigan, Product Labeling, Smoking/adverse effects/prevention & control, Social Perception, United States Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors O'Hegarty,M., Pederson,L. L., Yenokyan,G., Nelson,D., Wortley,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20070315 PMCID PMC1893125 Editors
The Munich Barrett follow up study: suspicion of Barrett's oesophagus based on either endoscopy or histology only--what is the clinical significance?	2004	Central Interdisciplinary, Endoscopy Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow, Charite University Hospitals, Berlin, Germany. Thomas.Roesch@charite.de	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Gut Periodical, Abbrev. Gut Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 53 Issue 10 Start Page 1402 Other Pages 1407 Notes LR: 20140608; JID: 2985108R; OID: NLM: PMC1774245; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0017-5749; 0017-5749 Accession Number PMID: 15361485 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; AIM; IM DOI 10.1136/gut.2003.036822 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15361485 Abstract BACKGROUND: The incidence of distal oesophageal adenocarcinoma is rising, with chronic reflux and Barrett's oesophagus being considered risk factors. Reliable detection of Barrett's oesophagus during upper endoscopy is therefore mandatory but requires both endoscopy and histology for confirmation. Appropriate management of patients with endoscopic suspicion but negative on histology, or vice versa, or of patients with no endoscopic suspicion but with a biopsy diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia at the gastro-oesophageal junction, has not yet been studied prospectively. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective multicentre study, 929 patients (51% male, mean age 50 years) referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were included; 59% had reflux symptoms. The endoscopic aspect of the Z line and any suspicion of Barrett's oesophagus were noted, and biopsies were taken in all patients from the Z line (n = 4), gastric cardia (n = 2), and body and antrum (n = 2 each). Biopsies positive for specialised intestinal metaplasia (SIM) were reviewed by a reference pathologist for a final Barrett's oesophagus diagnosis. All patients with endoscopic and/or histological suspicion of Barrett's oesophagus were invited for a follow up endoscopy; the remaining cases (no endoscopic or histological suspicion of Barrett's oesophagus) were followed clinically. RESULTS: Of 235 patients positive for Barrett's oesophagus on endoscopy and/or histology, 63% agreed to undergo repeat endoscopy (mean follow up period 30.5 months). 46% of patients with an endoscopic Barrett's oesophagus diagnosis but no histological confirmation (group A) showed the same distribution, a further 42% did not have Barrett's oesophagus, and 11% had confirmed Barrett's oesophagus on both endoscopy and biopsy on follow up. In the group with a histological Barrett's oesophagus diagnosis but negative on initial endoscopy (group B), follow up showed the same in 26% whereas 46% had no Barrett's oesophagus, and confirmed Barrett's oesophagus (endoscopy plus histology) was diagnosed in 17%. Of the study population, 16 patients had Barrett's oesophagus on initial endoscopy confirmed by histology which remained constant in 70% at follow up (group C). Of the remaining patients without an initial Barrett's oesophagus diagnosis on either endoscopy or histology (group D) and only clinical follow up (mean follow up period 38 months), one confirmed Barrett's oesophagus case was found among 100 patients re-endoscoped outside of the study protocol. However, no single case of dysplasia or cancer of the distal oesophagus was detected in any patient during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: Even in a specialised gastroenterology setting, reproducibility of presumptive endoscopic or histological diagnoses of Barrett's oesophagus at follow up were poor. Only 10-20% of cases with either endoscopic or histological suspicion of Barrett's oesophagus had established Barrett's oesophagus after 2.5 years of follow up. The risk of dysplasia in this population was very low and hence meticulous follow up may not be required. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Barrett Esophagus/diagnosis/pathology, Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology, Esophagoscopy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Selection, Precancerous Conditions/diagnosis/pathology, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Reproducibility of Results Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Meining,A., Ott,R., Becker,I., Hahn,S., Muhlen,J., Werner,M., Hofler,H., Classen,M., Heldwein,W., Rosch,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC1774245 Editors
Cigarette smoke induced autophagy-impairment accelerates lung aging, COPD-emphysema exacerbations and pathogenesis	2016	Central Michigan University, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine nvij1@jhmi.edu.; Central Michigan University.; Central Michigan University.; Central Michigan University.; Central Michigan University.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American journal of physiology.Cell physiology Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Physiol.Cell.Physiol. Pub Date Free Form 13-Jul Volume Issue Start Page ajpcell.00110.2016 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160714; CI: Copyright (c) 2016; JID: 100901225; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/06/29 [accepted]; 2016/04/22 [received]; aheadofprint; SO: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2016 Jul 13:ajpcell.00110.2016. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00110.2016. Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1522-1563; 0363-6143 Accession Number PMID: 27413169 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1152/ajpcell.00110.2016 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27413169 Abstract RATIONALE: Cigarette-smoke (CS) exposure and aging are the leading causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-emphysema development, although the molecular mechanism that mediates disease pathogenesis remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of CS-exposure and aging on autophagy, and pathophysiological changes associated with lung aging (senescence) and emphysema progression. METHODS: Beas2b cells, C57BL/6 mice and human (GOLD 0-IV) lung tissues were used to determine the central mechanism involved in CS/age-related COPD-emphysema pathogenesis. RESULTS: Beas2b cells and murine lungs exposed to CSE/CS showed a significant (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology Data Source Authors Vij,N., Chandramani,P., Westphal,C.V., Hole,R., Bodas,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160713 PMCID Editors
Continuous poliovirus detection in water supply distribution networks	1988	Centre de Recherches et de Controle des Eaux de Paris, 75014 Paris	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences - Serie III Periodical, Abbrev. C.R.ACAD.SCI.SER.III Pub Date Free Form 1988/ Volume 307 Issue 4 Start Page 171 Other Pages 176 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0249-6313 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Continuous virological control can be carried out when using glass wool as an adsorption support for virus concentration. In the described conditions more than 70% of the Poliovirus population in water pipe derivations can be detected. Descriptors methodology, organization and management, Poliomyelitis virus, prevention, water analysis, water pollution, water supply Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Vilagines,P., Sarrette,B., Vilagines,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Identifying addictive behaviors among adolescents: a school-based survey	2011	Centre de tabacologie, hopital europeen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Archives de Pediatrie : Organe Officiel de la Societe Francaise de Pediatrie Periodical, Abbrev. Arch.Pediatr. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 18 Issue 7 Start Page 737 Other Pages 744 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2011; JID: 9421356; 2010/09/30 [received]; 2011/02/04 [revised]; 2011/04/19 [accepted]; 2011/06/08 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication France ISSN/ISBN 1769-664X; 0929-693X Accession Number PMID: 21652184 Language fre SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.arcped.2011.04.019 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21652184 Abstract French epidemiological data show that adolescents today experiment with tobacco at an earlier age than in the 1990s. Half of them combine tobacco consumption with other psychoactive products such as alcohol or cannabis. Tobacco consumption usually begins in adolescence and early smoking initiation is related to stronger nicotine dependence and problems quitting in adulthood. Occasional tobacco consumption rapidly leads to nicotine dependence. The national smoking cessation questionnaire is a tool to assess addictive behaviors among adolescents. It includes validated scales such as the loss of autonomy over tobacco and psychological evaluation. The aim of this school-based study was to assess addictive behaviors among adolescents (specifically loss of autonomy over tobacco) and psychological profile. Data were collected from a cross-sectional study conducted in a high school in the Paris metropolitan area (Nogent-sur-Marne) in 2007 by the smoking cessation team of the Albert-Chenevier Hospital. Three hundred adolescents filled in a questionnaire concerning tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis consumption as well as their psychological profile. Loss of autonomy over tobacco use was evaluated with the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC). Anxiety and depressive disorders were identified using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD). Self-administered questionnaires were anonymously completed in the classroom by 151 girls and 149 boys aged 15-16 years (mean, 15.4 years): 34% of the adolescents smoked and most of them smoked at least one cigarette a day; 38% had used cannabis at least once in their life and one-third of them smoked more than 10 cannabis joints per month. Adolescents who frequently smoked cannabis had started smoking tobacco earlier than the other smokers (mean, 11.7 years versus 13.2 years). Adolescents often used different tobacco products. Manufactured cigarettes were the most frequently used, followed by shisha (waterpipe) and hand-rolled cigarettes. Among those who only smoked shisha, 76% had declared being non-smokers. Alcohol was the first psychoactive drug experimented by these adolescents; 73% had used alcohol at least once in their life and 10% used alcohol several times a week. According to the HONC, 94% of the smokers had lost control of their tobacco consumption. Concerning anxiety and depressive disorders, anxiety and depression scores were higher among smokers than non-smokers. Less than 6% of never-smokers had a depression score greater than 8 compared to 26% of adolescents smoking cannabis more than 10 times a month. The rapidity of the loss of autonomy among young smokers emphasizes the need for early interventions for tobacco prevention and cessation among adolescents. Tobacco use was often associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms, suggesting a need for professional support. The national smoking cessation questionnaire may be helpful in pediatric wards and consultations. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Masson SAS Data Source Authors Cheron-Launay,M., Baha,M., Mautrait,C., Lagrue,G., Le Faou,A.L. Original/Translated Title Reperer les comportements addictifs chez les adolescents : enquete en milieu lyceen URL Date of Electronic 20110608 PMCID Editors
Ever Use of Nicotine and Nonnicotine Electronic Cigarettes Among High School Students in Ontario, Canada	2015	Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; hayley.hamilton@camh.ca.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana S	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 17 Issue 10 Start Page 1212 Other Pages 1218 Notes CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 9815751; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 2014/04/01 [received]; 2014/10/22 [accepted]; 2014/10/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25358662 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu234 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25358662 Abstract INTRODUCTION: There are limited data on the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among youth, particularly with regard to the use of nicotine versus nonnicotine products. This study investigates ever use of nicotine and nonnicotine e-cigarettes and examines the demographic and behavioral correlates of e-cigarette use in Ontario, Canada. METHODS: Data for 2,892 high school students were derived from the 2013 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey. This province-wide school-based survey is based on a 2-stage cluster design. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate the factors associated with ever use of e-cigarettes. Ever use of e-cigarettes was derived from the question, "Have you ever smoked at least one puff from an electronic cigarette?" All analyses included appropriate adjustments for the complex study design. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of high school students reported using e-cigarettes in their lifetime. Most students who ever used e-cigarettes reported using e-cigarettes without nicotine (72%), but 28% had used e-cigarettes with nicotine. Male, White/Caucasian, and rural students, as well as those with a history of using tobacco cigarettes, were at greater odds of e-cigarette use. Seven percent of students who had never smoked a tobacco cigarette in their lifetime reported using an e-cigarette. Five percent of those who had ever used an e-cigarette had never smoked a tobacco cigarette. CONCLUSION: More students reported ever using e-cigarettes without nicotine than with nicotine in Ontario, Canada. This underscores the need for greater knowledge of the contents of both nicotine and nonnicotine e-cigarettes to better guide public health policies. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Hamilton,H.A., Ferrence,R., Boak,A., Schwartz,R., Mann,R.E., O'Connor,S., Adlaf,E.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141030 PMCID Editors
Waterpipe use among high school students in Ontario: Demographic and substance use correlates	2015	Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. hayley.hamilton@camh.ca.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique Periodical, Abbrev. Can.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form 12-Mar Volume 106 Issue 3 Start Page e121 Other Pages 6 Notes JID: 0372714; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/08/29 [received]; 2015/01/24 [accepted]; 2015/03/13 [revised]; epublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1920-7476; 0008-4263 Accession Number PMID: 26125237 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.17269/cjph.106.4764 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26125237 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To examine waterpipe use and its association with demographic factors, tobacco cigarette smoking, ever use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and alcohol use among high school students. METHODS: Data were derived from the 2013 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a school-based survey of 7th to 12th grade students. This province-wide survey was based on a stratified two-stage cluster design. Analyses were based on a subsample of 2,873 high school students and included adjustments for the complex sample design. RESULTS: Overall, 12.5% of high school students (grades 9-12) had used a waterpipe in the previous year. Awareness of waterpipes was high - 68.4% of students reported that they were aware of waterpipes but had not used one in the past year; 19.1% had never heard of waterpipes or hookah. The percentage of high school students reporting waterpipe use in the past year was similar to reports of tobacco cigarette use (12.5% and 11% respectively). Waterpipe use was highly associated with past-year tobacco cigarette and regular alcohol use as well as ever use of e-cigarettes. In multivariate analyses, males and females had similar odds of waterpipe use, and non-White students and those in higher grades had greater odds of use after controlling for other substance use. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that waterpipe use among high school students should be of some concern and suggest the need for policy measures to address potential risks associated with use. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hamilton,H.A., Ferrence,R., Boak,A., O'Connor,S., Mann,R.E., Schwartz,R., Adlaf,E.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150312 PMCID Editors
Secondhand smoke drift: examining the influence of indoor smoking bans on indoor and outdoor air quality at pubs and bars	2010	Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, 1 Rathdowne Street, Carlton Vic 3053, Australia.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 12 Issue 3 Start Page 271 Other Pages 277 Notes JID: 9815751; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2010/01/22 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 20097839 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntp204 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20097839 Abstract INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to examine the influence of indoor smoking bans on indoor and outdoor air quality at pubs and bars and to assess whether secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) drifts from outdoor smoking areas to adjacent indoor areas. METHODS: Data were covertly collected from a convenience sample of 19 pubs and bars that had at least 1 indoor area with an adjacent semi-enclosed outdoor eating/drinking area. Using TSI SidePak Personal Aerosol Monitors, concentrations of SHS (PM(2.5)) were measured concurrently in indoor and outdoor areas before and after implementation of the indoor smoking ban. Information was collected about the number of patrons and lit cigarettes and about the enclosure of outdoor areas. RESULTS: Indoor PM(2.5) concentrations reduced by 65.5% from pre-ban to post-ban (95% CI 32.6%-82.3%, p = .004). Outdoor exposure to PM(2.5) also reduced from pre-ban to post-ban by 38.8% (95% CI 3.2%-61.3%, p = .037). At post-ban, indoor concentrations of PM(2.5) were positively associated with outdoor concentrations. After adjustment for covariates, a 100% increase in geometric mean (GM) outdoor PM(2.5) was associated with a 36.1% (95% CI 2.4%-80.9%) increase in GM indoor PM(2.5) exposure (p = .035). DISCUSSION: Indoor smoking bans are an effective means of improving indoor and outdoor air quality in pubs and bars, although the air quality of smoke-free indoor areas may be compromised by smoking in adjacent outdoor areas. These findings require consideration in efforts to ensure adequate protection of the health of employees and patrons at hospitality venues. Descriptors Air Movements, Air Pollution, Indoor/prevention & control, Environmental Monitoring/methods, Humans, Public Policy, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/legislation & jurisprudence, Ventilation, Victoria Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Brennan,E., Cameron,M., Warne,C., Durkin,S., Borland,R., Travers,M. J., Hyland,A., Wakefield,M. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20100122 PMCID Editors

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